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UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR

ACADEMIC LANGUAGE INSTITUTE

NAME: ________________________________________________________ DATE: ____________________


SIMPLE PRESENT

USE 1 Facts or Generalizations

It indicates what the speaker believes about a fact that was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is also used to make
generalizations about people or things.
 Cats like milk.
 Birds do not like milk.

Exercise. Complete the next sentences using the Simple Present form of the Verb in parenthesis.

1. My mother ……………….. (fry) eggs for breakfast in the morning.


2. She ……………….. (not/drink) coffee.
3. He ……………….. (not/teach) physics.
4. ……………….. (we/get) wool from sheep?
5. ………………..………… (where/cats/go) out at night?

USE 2 Repeated Actions (Habits)

It expresses an action that is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, or something that frequently happens. This frequency
can be expressed with FREQUENCY ADVERBS or FREQUENCY TIME EXPRESSIONS.

ADVERBS FREQUENCY TIME EXPRESSIONS


Always 100% All the time; Everyday; Every week
Usually; Often; Frequently; Generally 90% to 60% Most of the time; 5 to 6 times a week
Sometimes 50% Some of the time; 3 times a week
Occasionally; Rarely; Seldom; Hardly ever 40% to 10% Once in a while; Once a week
Never 0% None of the time

FREQUENCY ADVERBS

The frequency adverb is placed AFTER the Verb BE and BEFORE a DO Verb (Action verb)

Examples:

 She is always punctual to class * He always works at night


 They are often irresponsible * They often go dancing.

All the adverbs can be placed in the beginning, the middle and the end of each sentence, except for ALWAYS and NEVER which have
only one position, AFTER the Verb BE and BEFORE an Action Verb. For example:

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 Usually, she studies English  Usually, she is punctual.  She always works at night.
 She usually studies English.  She is usually punctual.  NOT: Always, she works at night.
 She studies English usually.  She is punctual usually.  NOT: She works at night always.

When you use a negative Verb, you can’t use the frequency adverb NEVER, instead you use EVER. For example:
 They are never irresponsible * We don’t ever play basketball.

When you use an adverb that shows a low percentage of frequency, you don’t use it in negative sentences. For example:

 He doesn’t work on weekends. * He seldom works on weekends.


* NOT: He doesn’t seldom work on weekends.

FREQUENCY TIME EXPRESSIONS

The frequency time expressions are placed in the beginning or in the end of a sentence.
Examples:

 Most of the time, she is punctual to class. * She is punctual most of the time.
 Everyday, he works at the office. * He works at the office three times a week.

Rewrite the next sentences using the Frequency Adverb or the Frequency Time Expression in parenthesis in their
correct position.

1. I prefer eggs. (always) ………………………………………………………………….


2. Mary has an expensive car. (some of the time) ………………………………………………………………….
3. This wine doesn’t cost a lot of money. (never) ………………………………………………………………….
4. The Olympic champion is in Germany. (often) ………………………………………………………………….
5. Some insects don’t carry diseases. (seldom) ………………………………………………………………….

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USE 1 Actions in progress (Current Actions)

It expresses the idea that something is or is not happening now, at this ver
y moment or currently, during a period of time that involves the present.

 You are learning English at the moment.  They are not watching television right now
 Are you sleeping these days?  What are you doing currently?

USE 2 Immediate Future


It indicates that something will or will not happen in the immediate future.
 I am meeting some friends after work.  Is he visiting his parents next weekend?
 I am not going to the party tonight.  Where is he coming with us today?

Notice that the Present Continuous DOESN’T USE FREQUENCY, that’s why a Frequency question is incorrect,
 How often are they visiting you? They are usually visiting me (frequency)
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NON-ACTION VERBS

There are some verbs in English that can’t use a Continuous form because they express an action that happens or not. They can’t express
an action that is happening NOW. These verbs are:

Be – Have – Know – Like – Love – Miss – Need – See – Understand – Want –


Remember – Forget – Smell – Sound – Hate – Seem – Have – Think – Agree
Examples:

 They are in class right now. NOT: They are being in class right now.
 She loves me in this moment. NOT: She is loving me in this moment
 I understand English these days. NOT: I’m understanding English these days.

Exercise. Change the next sentences correctly to the Present Continuous Form.

1. (They / participate / in a contest) ………………………………………………………………….


2. (She / not do / homework) ………………………………………………………………….
3. (You / work / with your brother?) ………………………………………………………………….
4. (Where / he / run?) ………………………………………………………………….
5. (Who / play /with a ball?) ………………………………………………………………….

With the verb in brackets make a complete statement. Use the Simple Present or Present Continuous.

6. Marco ……………………………….. (not /work)in the office right now.


7. Richard always ……………………………….. (play) basket on weekends.
8. Diana ……………………………….. (not/ like) to eat at night.
9. They …………………………….. (not /go) to the beach tomorrow because Marie is traveling to Quito tonight.
10. Christian ……………………………….. (read) his favorite book, you don’t have to interrupt him now.
11. …………….. they ……………….. (attend) classes regularly?
12. ……………… Julia …………………. (work) the next semester?
13. ……………… you …………………… (want) a cup of coffee?
14. A: Where ……………… you ……………….. (study) this year? B: At UDLA.
15. A: Who ………………. she ………………… (live) with? B: With her aunt.

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MODAL VERBS
 CAN
CAN is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. It can be used to express ability, to request or offer something, and to
show possibility or impossibility.

 GRAMMAR
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE YES/NO QUESTION INFO. QUESTION MEANING
Can you ride a horse?
I can ride a horse I can’t ride a cow Where can you ride a horse?
Yes, I can How long can you ride a horse? Ability
No, I can’t Who can you ride a horse with?

Can I play tomorrow?


You can play tomorrow You can’t play today What time can I play tomorrow?
Yes, you can Why can I play tomorrow? Possibility
No, you cannot (can’t) What can I play tomorrow?

Can he open the window? Request

Can I close the door? Offer

 HAVE TO
We use HAVE TO to talk about strong obligation that comes from somewhere else, for example from your boss, you parents, a rule at
school or work. It is also used to talk about necessity.

 GRAMMAR
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE YES/NO QUESTION INFO. QUESTION MEANING
Do you have to be home What time do you have to be Obligation
I have to be home by I don’t have to be by ten? home? (My parents
ten. home by six. Where do you have to be home by told me so)
Yes, I do ten?
No, I don’t

Does she have to buy a What does she have to buy? Necessity
She has to buy a book She doesn’t have to book to practice English? Why does she have to buy a book? (She needs to
to practice English. buy a pair of shoes. practice)
Yes, she does
No, she doesn’t

Exercise. Complete the next sentences with either CAN or HAVE TO and the words in parenthesis. Decide if it is a
statement or a question.
Example: (Where / I / see / a good rock concert?) …Where can I see a good rock concert?…
1. (A fighter / train / for many years) ……………………………………………………
2. (Lisa / speak / French?) ……………………………………………………
3. (I / not get up / early this Friday because there is no class.) ……………………………………………………
4. (She / buy / a camera this afternoon or tomorrow) ……………………………………………………
5. (When / you / get / a visa to travel to the USA?) ……………………………………………………

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6. (We / not play / soccer. It’s really difficult for us) ……………………………………………………
7. (Policemen / wear / a uniform?) ……………………………………………………
8. (We / not pay / because it’s free) ……………………………………………………

Use the ideas in each statement and rewrite them using CAN or HAVE TO.

Example: I am terrible at singing. I can’t sing.


It’s necessary for me to work. I have to work.

9. My mother is good at cooking turkey. ……………………………………………….


10. Richard needs to work all day to pay for his house. ……………………………………………….
11. It’s easy for you to draw. ……………………………………………….
12. I don’t have any problems to sleep. ……………………………………………….
13. My friends have no homework for tomorrow. ……………………………………………….
14. It’s important for her to study for the exam. ……………………………………………….
15. It’s not possible for me to talk to you right now. ……………………………………………….
16. It’s not mandatory for them to return after class. ……………………………………………….

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UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR
LANGUAGE INSTITUTE

NAME(S): _______________________________________________________ DATE: _______________


VOCABULARY WORKSHOP (Unit 6)
Choose “Have to” or “Can” and use an activity from the page 62 to complete the next conversations logically.
1. A:I (have to / can) _________________ because my sister is coming tonight and she always criticizes me when it is a mess.
B: Really! …. So, let me help you!
2. A: We are ________________________ next Saturday. Would you like to come?
B: Not really. I (can’t / don’t have to) make the ball bounce. I’m a disaster at it.
3. A: I am ______________________ in one hour…. Come on and let’s do some exercise.
B: It’s not possible. I (have to / can) study for tomorrow.
4. A: My sister always ___________________. That’s why she is in good shape.
B: That’s good! … When I do that I get really tired of moving all the time in the same place. It’s boring for me.

Match the expressions with their corresponding meaning.


EXPRESSION MEANING
1 What are you up to? A I love …
2 Why don’t we ….? B I’m going to …
3 Be out of shape. C Would you like to …?
4 I’m on my way to … D Not to do exercise.
5 I’m crazy about … E What are you doing?
6 Be a couch potato F Not to have a good physical condition.

Read the statements and complete the words. Use the letter to guide yourself.
You can run here. T____
You can play different sports in this place. A_______F____
You can swim here. P___
You can spend a good time with your family in here. P___
You have to exercise a lot if you are here. G__
You have to walk long distances if you play in this place. G___C_____
This place has a net in the middle and only two people play. Sometimes four. T_____C____

Choose the letter that matches the given statement.


Why don’t we go for a walk to the park? A. That sounds terrific.
B. I’m so out of shape.
C. I’m crazy about demanding activities.

Are you in the mood for some soccer after class? A. No way. I feel like playing some soccer.
B. You bet! … See you at the field.
C. What a couch potato!

Let’s lift some weights this afternoon. A. Yes, I can. I’m crazy about that.
B. Sorry…I’d love to, but I have to do some homework.
C. I’m on my way to the park.

I feel like watching TV all the afternoon. A. You are a couch potato. Come on and let’s do some exercise.
B. Ok, no problem. See you at the Gym at 3:00.
C. That’s not a problem for me. I love contact sports.

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