Species Distinctive Feature Specialized Function

Chlorophytum elatum
Enlarged root Storage of water and nutrients
Ribbon grass

Daucus carota
Enlarged primary root Storage of water and nutrients
Carrot

Dendrobium sp.
Photosynthetic root Photosynthesis
Sanggumay

Ficus benjamina
Brace/prop Additional support
Balete
 Ipomea batatas
Enlarged primary root Storage of water and nutrients
sweet potato

Manihot esculenta
Enlarged primary root Storage of water and nutrients
cassava

Pacchyrhizus erosus
Singkamas Enlarged primary root Storage of water and nutrients
Jicama Yam

Raphanus sativus
Labanos Enlarged primary root Storage of water and nutrients
Radish
Raphidophora merilii
Photosynthetic root Photosynthesis
tabatib

Zea mays
Mais Brace/prop Additional support
corn

Parameter Monocot Dicot

Type of root system Fibrous Taproot
Extent of cortex Thin thick
Presence/absence of pith Present Absent
Type of stele Siphonostele Protostele
Number of xylem ridges Greater than 5 3 or 4
Presence of secondary growth Absent present
Metamorphosed
Function Species
structure

Opuntia (dilang baka)

Cladophyll Photosynthesis Muehlenbeckia platyclada (centipede plant)
Euphorbia tirucalli (pencil plant)

Storage / Vegetative
Tuber Solanum tuberosum (potato)
reproduction

Storage / Vegetative
Corm Colocasia esculenta (gabi, taro)
reproduction

Storage / Vegetative
Rhizome Zingiber officinale (luya, ginger)
reproduction
Runner or Stolon Vegetative reproduction Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)

Thorns Protection Bougainvillea

Offset Vegetative reproduction Eichhornia crassipes (water hyancinth)

 Coccinea grandis (tamlin)
Tendrils Support
Antigonon leptopus (cadena-de-amor)

Storage / Vegetative
Flattened disc Allium cepa (onion)
reproduction

Extent of cortex Pith Type of stele Vascular Cambium No. of xylem arms

Monocot Thick Absent Atoctostele Absent Triarch

Dicot Thin Present Eustele present Polyarch

Specialized structure Function Species

Bulb scales Storage Allium cepa (onion)

Bud scales Protection Ficus elastica (rubber tree)

Anthurium
Colorful bracts Attracts pollinators Bougainvillea
Mussaenda (Doña Aurora)

Pseudostem Protection / Support Musa sapientum (banana)

 Enlarged petiole Buoyancy Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)

Spiny petiole Protection Livistonia rotundifolia (anahaw)

Pitcher-shaped leaves trapping Nepenthes alata (pitcher plant)

Coccinea grandis (tamlin)

Leaf tendrils Support / attachment
Ipomea triloba (morning glory)

Kalanchoe pinnata
Fleshy leaf Vegetative reproduction
Kataka-taka