LTE Call Flow Procedures

• Random
R d access
• Attach process
• D t h process
Detach
• Intra LTE HO procedure
• CSFB
• Events
LTE Random Access
Step 1: Msg1
UE selects one of the 64 available RACH preambles
p

Step 2: Msg2
The message
g carries following
g information
Temporary C-RNTI
Timing Advance Value
Uplink Grant Resource

Step 3: Msg3
Using UL-SCH, UE sends "RRC connection request message" to eNodeB
UE is
i identified
id tifi d bby temporary
t C-RNTI
C RNTI ((assigned
i d iin th
the previous
i step
t by
b
eNodeB)
The message contains following
UE identity (TMSI or Random Value )
Connection establishment cause

Step 4: Msg4
eNodeB responds with contention resolution message to UE whose message
was successfully received in step 3. This message is address towards TMSI
value or Random number (from previous steps) but contains the new C
RNTI which will be used for the further communication
Attach process
The detach procedure is either initiated by the UE or by the network.
network

The network initiates the detach procedure:

To detach the UE for EPS services or non-EPS services or both

To disconnect the UE from the last PDN to which it is connected
To inform the UE to re
re-attach
attach to the network and re
re-establish
establish all PDN
connections.

The UE initiate the detach p

procedure when:

the UE is switched off

the USIM is removed from the UE
the EPS capability of the UE is disabled
Detach process
Intra LTE HO procedure
• The source eNB configures the UE measurement procedures according to the
area restriction information. UE sends MEASUREMENT REPORT by the rules
set by i.e. system information, specification etc.
• Source eNB makes decision based on MEASUREMENT REPORT and RRM
information to hand off UE and issues a HANDOVER REQUEST message to the
target eNB passing necessary information to prepare the HO at the target side.
• Admission Control may be performed by the target eNB dependent on the
received E-RAB QoS information to increase the likelihood of a successful HO.
The target eNB configures the required resources according to the received E-
RAB QoS information.
information
• Target eNB prepares HO with L1/L2 and sends the HANDOVER REQUEST
ACKNOWLEDGE to the source eNB. The HANDOVER REQUEST
ACKNOWLEDGE message includes a transparent container to be sent to the
UE as an RRC message to perform the handover.
• The UE receives the RRCConnectionReconfiguration message with necessary
parameters (i.e. new C-RNTI, target
p g eNB security y algorithm
g identifiers, and
optionally dedicated RACH preamble, target eNB SIBs, etc.) and is commanded
by the source eNB to perform the HO.
• The source eNB sends the SN STATUS TRANSFER message to the target eNB
to convey
co ve the uplink
pli k PDCP SN receiver
eceive status
stat s and
a d the downlink
dow li k PDCP SN
transmitter status of E-RABs for which PDCP status preservation applies (i.e.
for RLC AM).
• After receiving the RRCConnectionReconfiguration message including the
mobilityControlInformation , UE performs synchronisation to target eNB and
accesses the target cell via RACH.
• The target eNB responds with UL allocation and timing advance.
• UE sends the RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete message (C-RNTI)
t confirm
to fi the
th handover
h d to
t the
th target
t t eNB
NB to
t indicate
i di t that
th t the
th handover
h d
procedure is completed for the UE. The target eNB verifies the C-RNTI
sent in the RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete message. The target
eNB can now begin g sendingg data to the UE.
• The target eNB sends a PATH SWITCH message to MME to inform that
the UE has changed cell.
• The MME sends an UPDATE USER PLANE REQUEST message to the
Serving Gateway.
Gateway
• The Serving Gateway switches the downlink data path to the target side.
The Serving gateway sends one or more "end marker" packets on the old
path to the source eNB and then can release any U-plane/TNL resources
t
towards
d the
th source eNB.
NB
• Serving Gateway sends an UPDATE USER PLANE RESPONSE message to
MME.
• The MME confirms the PATH SWITCH message with the PATH SWITCH
ACKNOWLEDGE message.
• By sending UE CONTEXT RELEASE, the target eNB informs success of HO
to source eNB and triggers the release of resources by the source eNB. The
target eNB sends this message after the PATH SWITCH ACKNOWLEDGE
message is received from the MME.
• Upon reception of the UE CONTEXT RELEASE message, the source eNB
p
can release radio and C-plane related resources associated to the UE
context. Any ongoing
i d
data fforwarding
di may continue.
i
 CSFB Inter-connected nodes

The support CS fallback in EPS a new interface SGs is added in LTE

architecture. SGs interface is the reference point between the MME and MSC
server. SGs interface is used for the mobility management and paging
procedures between EPS and CS domain
domain, and is based on the Gs interface
procedures
 CS Fallback and IMS based services can co-exist in the same operator
network. Although its not very straight forward to support CS fallback, all
participating
i i i elements
l i UE, MME, MSC & E-UTRAN needs
i.e d to support
additional functionalities.

UE
supports access to E-UTRAN/EPC as well as access to the CS domain over GERAN and/or UTRAN.
Combined procedures for EPS/IMSI attach, update and detach.
CS fallback and SMS procedures for using CS domain services
services.
MME
Deriving a VLR number and LAI from the GUTI received from the UE or from a default LAI.
Maintaining of SGs association towards MSC/VLR for EPS/IMSI attached UE.
Initiating IMSI detach at EPS detach.
Initiating paging procedure towards eNodeB when MSC pages the UE for CS services.
Support of SMS procedures
Rejecting CS Fallback call request (e
(e.g.
g due to O&M reasons)
Use of the LAI and a hash value from the IMSI to determine the VLR number when multiple
MSC/VLRs serve the same LAI.
MSC
Maintaining SGs association towards MME for EPS/IMSI attached UE.
Support of SMS procedures as provided in 3GPP specification
E-UTRAN
F
Forwarding
di paging
i requestt and
d SMS tto the
th UE.
UE
Directing the UE to the target CS capable cell.
CSFB message flow
1a. The UE sends an Extended Service Request (CS Fallback Indicator) to the MME. Extended
Service Request message is encapsulated in RRC and S 1 -AP messages. CS Fallback Indicator
indicates MME to perform CS Fallback.

1b. The MME sends an S1-AP UE Context Modification Request message to eNB that includes a
CS
Fallback Indicator. This message indicates to the eNB that the UE should be moved to
UTRAN/GERAN . The Th value
l off the
th CS Fallback
F llb k Indicator
I di t isi sett to
t "CS Fallback
F llb k without
ith t PS HO
Required"

1c. The eNB shall reply

p y with S 1 -AP UE Context Modification Response
p message
g

2. The eNodeB may optionally solicit a measurement report from the UE to determine the target
GERAN/UTRA cell to which the redirection procedure will be performed.

3. If the UE and network support inter-RAT cell change order, The eNodeB triggers an inter-
RAT cell change order

4. The eNodeB sends an S1-AP UE Context Release Request message to the MME.

5. The MME releases the UE Context in the eNodeB as well as all eNodeB related information in
the
h S-GW

6a. (Step 6a is performed if step 3a, Cell Change Order to GERAN, was performed)
The UE moves to the new cell in GERAN.
GERAN The UE uses the NACC information and/or receives the
broadcast System Information and when it has all of the necessary information to access the
GERAN cell, establishes a radio signaling connection.
7. If the target RAT is GERAN and DTM is not supported, the UE starts the Suspend procedure.
This triggers the SGS to send a Suspend Request message to the MME, The MME returns a
Suspend Response to the SGSN even though the GUTI cannot be derived from the P-TMS1 and
RAI pair

8. If the S1 -AP UE Context Release Request message, received from the eNodeB in step 4,
indicates that the UE is not available for the PS service in the target cell the MME starts the
preservation
ti and
d suspension
i off non-GBR
GBR b bearers and
d th
the d
deactivation
ti ti off GBR bbearers towards
t d
S-GW and P-GW(s). The MME stores in the UE context that UE is in suspended status.

9. The UE continues with the MO call setup

p p
procedure with sending
g CM Service Request.
q

10a. if the UE is not registered in the MSG serving the 2G/3G cell or the UE is not allowed in
the LA, the MSG shall reject the service request, if implicit location update is not performed.

10b. A UE detecting that the MSG rejected the service request shall perform the Location Area
Update or a Combined RA LA procedure according to existing GERAN or UTRAN procedures for
the different Network Modes of Operation
p (NMO).

10c The UE initiates the CS call establishment procedure.

11. Aft
11 After th
the CS voice
i call ll iis tterminated
i t d andd if the
th UE is
i in
i GERAN and d PS services
i are
suspended, then the UE shall resume PS services as specified in TS 23.060 [3]. A Gn/Gp -SGSN
will follow TS 23.060 [3] to resume the PDP Contexts). An S4 SGSN will follow TS 23.060 [3]
to resume the bearers, and informs the S-GW and P-GW(s) to resume the suspended bearers. If
th UE h
the has returned
t d tto E-UTRAN
E UTRAN after ft th
the CS voice
i call
ll was tterminated,
i t d ththen th
the UE shall
h ll
resume PS service by sending TAU to MME. The MME will in addition inform S-GW and P-
GW(s) to resume the suspended bearers
 LTE Events

A1 & A2
A3 & A4

Offset
A5
B1 & B2
LTE/WCDMA Events comparison
Thank
You..
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