5G NR - The New Radio Interface For 5G - 5G NR - Medium

10/26/2018 5G NR: The New Radio interface for 5G – 5G NR – Medium
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Dec 10, 2017 · 4 min read
5G NR: The New Radio interface for 5G

The 5G air interface that scales from cellular to the
mm-wave bands
Scalable OFDM
https://medium.com/5g-nr/5g-nr-the-new-radio-interface-for-5g-2b769a59ea80 1/14
5G NR scales from cellular to mm-wave frequency bands (Credit: Qualcomm)
5G builds on LTE and adds support for multiple sub-carrier spacings

(15 KHz, 30 KHz, 60 KHz, 120 KHz,…). Cyclic pre x and sub-frame
duration is also scaled with the sub-carrier spacing. With a scalable
design, 5G NR scales from cellular to mm-Wave frequencies.
Scalable OFDM con guration (Credit: Ericsson)
Beam forming in mm-Wave

In most wireless networks, mm-Waves (30 GHz to 300 GHz) have been
restricted to direct line-of-sight links as these frequencies are easily
blocked by foliage and buildings. Advanced beam forming techniques
that can track the user help in increasing the gain for these frequencies.
Quick handovers between cell sites also help mitigate the impact of
blockage.
The following gure underscores the challenges in working with mm-

Waves.
28 GHz: Path loss in dense urban environment (Credit: Qualcomm)
A Qualcomm study has found that 150m line-of-sight

(LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) coverage is
possible in dense urban outdoor deployment.
Massive MIMO
5G will support a very large number of antennas on the base station
(gNodeB). This large number of gNodeB antennas coupled with
multiple antenna at the UT help focus energy towards the UT, thus
resulting in improvements in spectral e ciency. As a consequence,
massive MIMO greatly increases the achievable throughput at the cell
edge.
Massive MIMO in 5G focuses enery towards the user (Credit: National Instruments)
Advanced LDPC channel coding

5G NR uses LDPC (low density parity check codes) for channel coding
on the downlink and uplink channels. The LDPC 5G NR codes have
been designed so that they can be used in incremental redundancy

schemes like HARQ.
The following gure shows how the base matrix in light blue color.
Additional parity bits are generated by extending the matrix to include
the dark blue squares.
Structure of 5G NR LDPC Matrices (Credit: Ericsson)
Fine grain TDD

5G NR permits ne grain TDD within a single slot. A slot organization
changes dynamically to adjust for the changing workload.
Fine grain TDD with a single slot (Credit: Ericsson)
Low latency HARQ

5G NR will support low latency HARQ in TDD mode. The rst
transmission and the retransmission can be transmitted within a
millisecond.
Low latency HARQ in TDD (Credit: Qualcomm)
Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency
Communication (URLLC)
5G AN will add support for URLLC services for applications that need
very low latency and high reliability. These services would be targetted
towards applications like autonomous driving and remote surgery.
Latency reduction and reliability improveents will be achieved by

enhancements to the scheduler and channel coding:
• Downlink latency is reduced by letting URLLC packets preempt

mobile broadband tra c.
• Uplink latency is reduced by advanced coding techniques that

permit joint decoding of multiple uplink transmissions.
• Retransmission latency will be reduced using low latency HARQ.
• Reliability of the link is improved by use of diversity and channel

coding support for short blocks.
Left: URLLC preempts broadband data transmission (credit: URLLC in Downlink); Right: Latency reduction with grant free access (credit: Ericsson)
Network slicing
5G networks are being designed to serve a wide variety of use cases.
Optimizing a single network for all the use cases may not be practical.
5G networks will support core network and radio access network slices
that can be optimized for one particular use case.
The following gure shows a possible optimized network for smart

phones, MVNOs and IoT devices.
Example of network slicing in 5G networks (Credit: 5GAmericas)
5G NR overview from Qualcomm
5G NR tutorial from Ericsson
Related
Massive MIMO
MIMO with large phased array antenna array at

the base station
medium.com
LDPC — low density parity check code
5G AN uses LDPC for channel coding on the tra c

channel. LDPC corrects channel errors by…
medium.com
5G physical layer speci cations
The 5G speci cations have been published as the

3GPP 38 series. Here we look at the physical laye…
medium.com
Cloud RAN and eCPRI fronthaul in 5G networks
5G networks will move towards centralizing the

radio function using an eCPRI based fronthaul. T…
medium.com
Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication

(URLLC)
Support for high reliablity and low latency services

like autonomous driving.
medium.com
. . .
Brought to you by EventHelix:
• EventStudio System Designer: Model complex call ows.
• VisualEther Protocol Analyzer: Sequence diagrams from

Wireshark PCAP.

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10/26/2018 5G NR: The New Radio interface for 5G – 5G NR – Medium

5G NR: The New Radio interface for 5G

5G NR scales from cellular to mm-wave frequency bands (Credit: Qualcomm)

5G builds on LTE and adds support for multiple sub-carrier spacings

Scalable OFDM con guration (Credit: Ericsson)

Beam forming in mm-Wave

The following gure underscores the challenges in working with mm-

28 GHz: Path loss in dense urban environment (Credit: Qualcomm)

A Qualcomm study has found that 150m line-of-sight

Advanced LDPC channel coding

been designed so that they can be used in incremental redundancy

Structure of 5G NR LDPC Matrices (Credit: Ericsson)

Fine grain TDD

Fine grain TDD with a single slot (Credit: Ericsson)

Low latency HARQ

Low latency HARQ in TDD (Credit: Qualcomm)

Latency reduction and reliability improveents will be achieved by

• Downlink latency is reduced by letting URLLC packets preempt

• Uplink latency is reduced by advanced coding techniques that

• Retransmission latency will be reduced using low latency HARQ.

• Reliability of the link is improved by use of diversity and channel

The following gure shows a possible optimized network for smart

Example of network slicing in 5G networks (Credit: 5GAmericas)

5G NR overview from Qualcomm

5G NR tutorial from Ericsson

MIMO with large phased array antenna array at

LDPC — low density parity check code

5G AN uses LDPC for channel coding on the tra c

5G physical layer speci cations

The 5G speci cations have been published as the

Cloud RAN and eCPRI fronthaul in 5G networks

5G networks will move towards centralizing the

Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication

Support for high reliablity and low latency services

Brought to you by EventHelix:

• EventStudio System Designer: Model complex call ows.

• VisualEther Protocol Analyzer: Sequence diagrams from

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