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BIOCHEMISTRY
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Chapter 11
5) Which of these is a general feature of the lipid bilayer in all biological membranes?
A) Individual lipid molecules are free to diffuse laterally in the surface of the bilayer.
B) Individual lipid molecules in one face (monolayer) of the bilayer readily diffuse
(flip-flop) to the other monolayer.
C) Polar, but uncharged, compounds readily diffuse across the bilayer.
D) The bilayer is stabilized by covalent bonds between neighboring phospholipid
molecules.
E) The polar head groups face inward toward the inside of the bilayer.
6) The fluidity of the lipid side chains in the interior of a bilayer is generally increased
by:
A) a decrease in temperature.
B) an increase in fatty acyl chain length.
C) an increase in the number of double bonds in fatty acids.
D) the binding of water to the fatty acyl side chains.
A) A specific membrane protein lowers the activation energy for movement of the
solute through the membrane.
B) It can increase the size of a transmembrane concentration gradient of the
diffusing solute.
C) It is impeded by the solubility of the transported solute in the nonpolar interior of
the lipid bilayer.
D) It is responsible for the transport of gases such as O2, N2, and CH4 across
biological membranes.
E) The rate is not saturable by the transported substrate.
11) The type of membrane transport that uses ion gradients as the energy source is:
A) facilitated diffusion
B) passive transport
C) primary active transport
D) secondary active transport
E) simple diffusion
13) Which one of the following processes could result in the net movement of a
substance into a cell, if the substance is more concentrated in the cell than in the
surroundings?
A) active transport
B) diffusion
C) osmosis
D) facilitated diffusion
E) None of the choices are correct
14) What is the immediate source of energy for active transport?
A) carbohydrates
B) lipids
C) ATP
D) A and B
15) Which of the following terms is used to describe a membrane protein capable of
moving substances from a low to a high concentration?
A) transporter
B) pump
C) diffuser
D) oxidizer
E) reducer
16) When physicians perform an organ transplant, they choose a donor whose tissues
match those of the recipient as closely as possible. Which of the following cell
components are being matched?
A) plasma membrane phospholipids
B) cell-surface carbohydrates
C) plasma membrane proteins
D) cytoskeletal elements
18) Active transport and passive transport differ in that active transport requires
A) Water
B) Carrier proteins
C) Energy
D) Concentrated solutes
21) What is the most common process by which lipids and proteins move in the
membrane bilayer?
A) kinesin-mediated movement
B) flip-flopping
C) translocation
D) lateral diffusion
E) asymmetric longitudinal flipping
26) Which of the following is NOT correct concerning the structure given?
O
H H O CH2 O C(CH2)14CH3
CH3(CH2)7C C(CH2)7C O CH O
+
CH2 OPOCH2CH2N(CH3)3
O-
27) Carbohydrate residues attached to the membrane lipids are almost always
A) positioned on the intracellular side of the membrane.
B) positioned on the inside center of the bilayer.
C) positioned on the extracellular side of the membrane.
D) positioned equally on both sides of the membrane.
E) also covalently attached to membrane proteins.
28) The degree of membrane fluidity in bacteria depends mainly on the percentage of
A) lipids that contain sphingosine.
B) glycolipids.
C) free fatty acids.
D) unsaturated fatty acids.
E) None of the answers is correct.
29) A substance can only be accumulated against its electrochemical gradient by:
a) facilitated diffusion
b) Passage through ion channels
c) Diffusion through a uniport
d) Active transport
32) Which of the following statements about the lipid constituents of membranes is
correct?
34) Which of the following statements about membrane proteins is not correct?
35) Which of the following statements about the functions of cell membranes is not
correct?
36) Which of the following statements about the mechanism of the Na+/K+ pump is
correct?
a) The Na+/K+ ATPase uses energy to pump Na+ outside the cell and K+ inside.
b) The Na+/K+ ATPase uses energy to pump Na+ inside the cell and K+ outside.
c) The Na+/K+ ATPase uses energy to bind both Na+ and K+ in turn.
d) The phosphorylation of the Na+/K+ ATPase does not change its conformation.
a) Small polar molecules can diffuse through a cell membrane along a concentration
gradient.
b) Small polar molecules require specific transport systems for passage across a
membrane.
c) Small polar molecules cannot be transported through a cell membrane against a
concentration gradient.
d) Small inorganic ions can diffuse through a cell membrane along a concentration
gradient.
48) How are lipid bilayers formed? What is/are the driving forces?
50) What are liposomes? What are some of the current commercial applications?
51) True or false: The net movement of uncharged, polar molecules across a
semipermeable membrane from a low concentration to a high concentration occurs by
facilitated diffusion.
52) The temperature at which a phospholipid membrane transitions from a rigid to a fluid
state is referred to as _______________.
BIOCHEMISTRY
Chapter 11
10) D
49) The two tails of phospholipids sterically hinder the formation of micelles.
50) Liposomes are spherical structures of lipid bilayers, similar to miniature organelles.
They are extremely useful as models of cell systems. They can be used to contain or
transport molecules such as drugs for therapy, DNA for gene therapy, and are commonly
used in cosmetics such as skin creams.
51) False
53) cholesterol