TOPIC 1: TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA

🚕 Concept of Technology and media for Teaching & Learning

- Systematic way to develop, implement and evaluate the whole process of T&L to produce more
effective teaching

Role & Importance:

- To promote positive learning environment

- Changes in decision making level

- Changes in the system/approach to teaching and learning experience

🚕 Concept of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)

- Technology integration requiring foundational knowledge in all teaching domains and specialized
knowledge

Main Professional Knowledge Domains

Technological Knowledge

-Require to set up and operate this technology and its communication to problem-solving

Pedagogical knowledge

- Understanding of instructional planning process of classroom management, instructional time use

and students’ psychological development

Content Knowledge

- Understanding the nature of knowledge and methods of inquiring in a particular field

Ways to TPACK

- Analyze teacher’s knowledge and planning for successful use of educational technology

- Combine different knowledge to successful plan and implement educational technology

- Act as language in discussions that relates to technological integration to one another

TOPIC 2: INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

🚌 Definition and Concept of Instructional Design

 Definition: Delivery or teaching process that must be implementing in education and

Training. Ex: ASSURE & ADDIE Model.

Basic Things to Design:

- Determine the needs of pupil

- Determine goal and objectives

- Building assessments and procedures

- Design and choose the delivery strategy

- Try out the teaching system

- Evaluate the overall system

🚌 Role of instructional design

🚌 Instructional Design Models

ASSURE

A- Analyze learner (Analyze students’ characteristics)

S- State Objective (State teaching and learning objectives)

S- Select technology, strategies, media and materials

U- Utilize technology, media and materials (Use of technology, materials and media in teaching and

Learning)

R- Require learner’s participation (Engage students in the learning process)

E- Evaluate and revise (Review the effectiveness of teaching and learning)

ADDIE

A- Analysis - Identify target group of students

D- Design – Objectives, selection of appropriate media, enhancement and enrich-training

D- Development – Selection of content and use of technology

I- Implementation – How to implement three of the phase

E- Evaluation – Formative: Carried throughout process/ Summative: Conduct at the end of school
learning
TOPIC 3 (SELECTING, PRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA)

🏎 Selection of instructional media

Analyze Learner

- General Characteristics (Age, Year, Level, Class, Gender, Background, Interest etc)

- Competency precondition (Students experience and knowledge)

- Learning Styles

State Objective (ABCD)

- Audience (Target group Students)

- Behavior (Measurable achievement. Ex: Measure)

- Condition (How to achieve the desired behavior)

- Degree (Quality and Quantity through assessments)

Choosing appropriate technology, methods, media and resources

- Determine the appropriate type of technology to be used (Based on student characteristic and
learning style)

- Select appropriate methods

- Choose appropriate form of media

- Select, modify and design the selected media

i. Fulfill the curriculum

ii. Info is accurate, reliable and timely

iii. Language clear and easy to understand

iv. Interests and motivates students

v. Encourage students’ involvement

vi. Having quality

vii. Evidence of the effectiveness of use

viii. Free from bias

ix. Have guidebook/user manual

Using technology, media and TL materials

- Preview material before use

- Provide equipment (How it works and make sure it works)

- Provide appropriate environment

- Prepare students

- Provide learning experience

Encourage student participation

- Involve students in learning activities

- Reinforcement given after giving responses

🏎 Modification and production of instructional media

🏎 Evaluate effectiveness of instructional media

Evaluate and review the effectiveness of TL

- Student achievement based on performance

- Evaluate media and methods (reflect)

- Usage by teachers

- Usage by students

TOPIC 4 : VISUAL FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING

🚓 Roles of visuals in teaching and learning

Role of Visuals

1. Direct learner’s attention

- Able to comprehend visually on what they miss verbally

- Simplify info

- Reduce learning effort

- Motivate learners

2. Easier comprehension

- Make abstract ideas concrete

- Repeat and recall prior information

How?

1. Stay consistent

- Color, size, font types, images and pattern

2. Know your audience

- Background, Listening and Speaking, Prior Knowledge

3. Intelligent use of graphics

- Replace chunks of words

- Lasting impression on audience

- Reflects culture of audience

4. Keep it simple

- Summarize info

- Split to several slides

- Handouts for complex info

5. Visual Design Principles

i. Contest (Image, colour and typography)

ii. Alignment (Attractively arranged)

iii. Simplicity (Fast understanding to the idea. Ex: Limit to 15-20 words)

iv. Proximity (Relate elements, suitable theme and dependent on each other)

v. Emphasis (Centre attention of the main focus)

vi. Repetition (Maintain consistency. Ex: Fonts, Bullets and Format)

🚓 Types of Visuals

Elements/ Types:

1. Visual- Realistic, Analogic, Organizational

2. Verbal – Letter style, color, size, styles, capitals, spacing between lines

3. Appeal – Surprise, Texture, Interaction

Visual Elements

i. Realistic – Studies that has been done as an object

ii. Analogy – Displays link and concept/topic relevant to an object

iii. Organizational – Displays links using textual elements. Ex: Chart, Graphs

Verbal Elements:

i. Lettering Style

- Not more than 3 styles

- Use large lettering (Title) and use small lettering (Sub-title and captions)

- Contrasting colors

- Based on legibility a specified distance (Size)

- Spaced equilibrium

Appeal:

- Space

- Lines

- Surface

- Shape

- Color

- Pattern

- Arrangement (Rule OF Third)

TOPIC 5 : AUDIO FOR TL

🚑 Roles of audio in teaching and learning

Roles of Audio

- Help students (Poor reading skills) to get review

- Make presentations more lively and interesting. Ex: Storytelling, review

- Stimulate students’ sense of hearing to enhance learning

- Scenario appears more realistic. Ex: Background Music

- Emphasis on certain idea and concepts

- Create mood, arouse emotion, challenges students’ imagination

- Train students building listening skills, speak fluently and communicate effectively

🚑 Sources of audio and audio file formats

Sources of Audio:

1. Analogue:

- Magnetic tape recorder

- Cassette recorder

2. Digital:

- Computer

- Digital voice recorder iPod

- MP3 Recorder

- Mobile Phone

Audio Formats:

1. Waveform Audio Fine (.wav) – Use window operation system uncompressed, large file

2. MPEG Layer-3 (.mp3) – Downloading and saving audio files for internet

3. Musical Instrument Digital Interface (.mid) – Musical notes, allows instrument and related devices
to play back and communicate. Remix audio - Autotune

4. Audio Interchange File (AIFF) – Used for Apple

🚑 Production of Audio Materials for Teaching and Learning

Planning and Preparation Phase:

1. Identify the objectives and the learning outcomes

2. Analyze the learner

3. Obtain the information and relevant resources. (Sound Effects, RG, CDs)

4. Preparing the script.

- Visualize how to act out a scene pin point the appropriate time in the background music and/or
sound effects
Recording and Audio editing

1. Prior to the actual recording session, make sure all equipment is in good condition

2. Find a place free from unwanted noise, preferably a sound studio

3. Ensure all that sound level or the microphone input and speaker output set to the optimum level

4. Record narration without the sound effects and background music – Save audio to edit and remix
later

5. Play back the recording to identify any segments

Audio editing:

Element: Fade in and Out, Cross-Fading, Amplify, Silence, Echo, Change pitch and Change tempo

TOPIC 6 : VIDEO FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING

🚒 Role of video in Teaching and Learning

Role of Video:

- Information more realistic

- Implement/ trigger multi-sensors

- Easily comprehend/repeated

-Influence students’ mood, emotions and attitudes

- Save times, energy and finances

🚒 Sources of video and video File Formats

Formats:

- Disc/ Tape

- Mp4

Elements:

- Manipulation of space

- Manipulation of time

- Animation

- Slow-mo
🚒 Video recording techniques

Techniques:

- Analyze audience

- Objective and content

- Type of quantity

-Time range

- Source

- Responsibilities (Camera crew, make up and etc)

Tools:

- Script

- Camera

- Lights

- Camera-man

- Recorder

🚒 Production of video clips

- Planning and preparation of storyboard

- Recording and editing

7. INTEGRATION OF OFFICE APPLICATION SOFTWARE FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING

🚐 Types of Application Software

Word Processing

Features

- Style's (text body, titles, highlighted text)

- Visual materials (Illustrations & diagrams)

- Creation of table of contents

- Colaborative editing (multiple users)

Role

- Saves time

-Enhance document appearance

- Allow sharing

- Collaboration

- Electronic Presentation?

Electronic Spreadsheet

- Auto recalculation

- Formulas

- Charts, graphs

- Report generation

- Data analysis

- Data management

Roles

- Improve assessment

- Organize displays of info

- Saves time

- Increase motivation to work with math

- Database?

🚐 Integration of application software in teaching and learning

TOPIC 8 : INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA FOR TL

Multimedia Concepts

Concept: Combination of text elements, audio, animation, graphic into one unit

Uses of Interactive Multimedia

- Drill and exercise to master basic skills

- Development of writing skills

- Problem solving

- Understand the concept of mathematics and science

- Data manipulation

- Mastering computer skills

- Access and communication

- Remote access by teacher and students

- Individual and cooperative work

- Administration and management of classroom activity

🚛 Production of interactive multimedia learning packages

Planning and preparation of Multimedia Materials : ADDIE

Analyze Learners/Syllabus

- Attitude, existing knowledge, skills, Listening and Speaking

- Think about appropriate activities and assignments (Achieve learning Outcome)

Design Phase

- Contents arrangement/layout

- Navigation – Storyboard

- Define the interactivity level

Development Phase

- Find and select the appropriate media/ materials

- Build your own media

- Use appropriate software

- Build menu: Topics, activities, Training resources

Implementation phase:

- Alpha testing: Run and develop to find bugs

- Beta testing: Apply to students and correct bugs

🚛 Evaluation of Multimedia Materials

Evaluation Phase:

- Conduct assessment: Effectiveness of the media and Teaching and Learning Process that you have
planned

Interactive elements:

- Feedback (User performance response)

- Control (Navigation and interactivity)

- Creativity (Users develop something)

- Productivity (Content)

- Communication (Communication with others)

- Easily adapted

TOPIC 9 : INTERNET FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING

🚜 Concept and types of Online Learning

Types of Online Learning:

1. Asynchronous

- Do not take place in ‘real-time’

- Interactions through discussion board, blog

- No class meeting time

2. Synchronous

- Interact online simultaneously through text, audio chat or video

- Participate course from distance

3. Hybrid

- Blended course (Face to face and Online Interaction)

- Provide for computer

Concept: Emerging Tech

- Web 1.0 > Push

- Web 2.0 > Shane

- Web 3.0 > Live

Heutagogy:

- Encourages learners to become more self-directed

- Ex: Learning Managing System (LMS) > E-Learning

& Content Management System (CMS) > Google, Edmodo, Schoology

Peeragogy:

- Focuses on co-learning or co-creating

- Ex: Social Learning, M-Learning, Gamification > Youtube, Pinterest

Cybergogy:

- Encourages learner engagement in an online environment

- Ex: Massive open online courses > Udacity, courser

🚜 Online Learning Tools and Applications

Tools and Applications

1. Camtasia

- Creating engaging screencasts

2. Educreations, Movenotes

- Creating rapid e-content (Slidecasting & Scribing)

3. Pontoon, GoAnimate

- Creating animation

4. Padlet, Popplet, Text2Mindmap

- Brainstorming, collaborating, mindmapping

5. Polldaddy, Google Docs

- Polling & Surveying

6. Assessing Learning Online

- TedEd, Kahoot, Blendspace, Edpuzzle

🚜 Use of Internet applications for teaching

TOPIC 10 : ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN THE APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING

AND LEARNING

🏍 Issues related to Intellectual property rights, cyber laws, plagiarism, confidentiality, security,
dissemination of information

Copyright

- Premise of the creators having ownership of their creation

- 4 Laws:

i. Copyright Law – Control Purity of One’s Work

ii. Patent Law – Control new discoveries and the process of discoveries

iii. Trademark Law – Control word, name, symbol used by the operators engaged in manufacturing

iv. Trade secret Law – Control info that is not generally known but kept secret by the owner

Ways to get Material without Violating

- Obtain the right to use material that has copyright

- Using materials that do not have the exact copyright

- Build and create the media by oneself

- Obtain contact or agreement for the use of the original material

Confidentially

- Associated with technology in preservation of information, device/object, written materials (maps,

plans, models etc), voice material, images that can be reproduced, augmented

- Ex: Financial status, insurance, health, shelter

- Relates to hacking

🏎 Challenges of New Technology for teaching and Learning

- Teacher and Student Readiness

- Organizational Support

- Technological Readiness
🏎 ISTE Standards (International Society for Technology in Education)

International Society for Tech in Education (ISTE)

Both

- Use digital media to communicate and collaborate

- Model digital citizenship and respect for cultural differences

- Use technology to think creatively, critically and for problem solving

Students:

- Apply existing knowledge to new concepts

- Use digital tools to gather, evaluate analyze and repost information

- Demonstrate understanding of technology concepts, systems and operations

Teachers:

- Design and develop digital age learning experiences and assessments

- Demonstrate fluency in technological systems

- Engage in professional growth in leadership