201810 FHSC1034 Waves and Modern Physics

Test 1 Answer Guidelines

Q1. (a) A motion that takes place when the object’s acceleration, a is proportional to
the displacement from its equilibrium position, x and is always directed towards
the equilibrium position.

(b) From Hooke’s Law, F  kx

From Newton’s 2nd Law, F  ma
k
kx  ma  a   x
m
Since a   x , hence, the motion of the mass is simple harmonic.

k
(c) (i) 
m
47.0

0.150
  17.7 rad/s

(ii) vmax   A
vmax  17.7  0.100
vmax  1.77 m/s

1
(iii) Etotal  kA2
2
Etotal   47.0  10.0 102 
1 2

2
Etotal  0.235 J

Alternative method
1
Etotal  mvmax 2
2
1
Etotal   0.150 1.77 
2

2
Etotal  0.235 J
  I 
Q2. (a) (i)   10 log 
 Io 
 I 
24  10 log 12 
 1.00  10 
I  2.51 10 10 W/m 2

(ii)  
I total  nI  30 2.51 10 10  7.53 109 W/m2
 7.53  10 9 
  10 log 
12 
 1.00  10 
  38.8 dB

P P
(iii) I 
A 4r 2
  
P  7.53  10 9 4 65.0  10 2 
2

P  4.00 108 W

(b) (i) n6

nv n FL
(ii) fn  
2L 2L m

f6 
6  56.0  0.800 
2  0.800  0.0200
f6  177 Hz

(iii) f6  6 f1  177 Hz
177
f1   29.5 Hz
6

v  vo 
(c) (i) fo  fs
v  v s 
fo  400
343  24.0
343  32.0
f o  340 Hz

(ii) Pitch (frequency) remains constant.

Loudness (intensity level) decreases.
Q3. (a) (i) No. Oscillations of electric field in all possible planes because of random
nature of light emission from source.

1
(ii) I1  I0
2
I 2  I1 cos2 20
I3  I 2 cos2 (60  20)
1
I 3  I 0 cos 2 20 cos 2 40
2
I3  0.259I 0

(b) (i) n1 sin 1  n2 sin 2

n1 sin 48.1  1.63sin 90
n1  2.19
c
v
n1
3.00 108
v
2.19
v  1.37 108 m/s

d
(ii) t
v
4.60
t
1.37 108
t  3.36 108 s