CAD Paniola 2018

Physical Quantities and Measurement

1. What is physical quantity? Give example of three physical quantities.

All quantities which can be measured are called physical quantities and they
consist of their magnitude and unit. E.g. Length, mass, time, temperature.
2. Choose the basic physical quantities and derived physical quantities from the
following: Speed, amount of substance, Temperature, Volume, Time, Area, Density,
Length.

Basic Physical quantities and derived one are as follow

Basic Quantities Derived Quantities

Amount of Substance Speed
Length Volume
Time Density
Temperature Area

3. Why speed is called a derived quantity?

Speed is called derived quantity because it depends on two other quantities

such as Distance and Time which are base quantities itself.
4. What problem would we face, if volume is chosen as fundamental quantity instead of
length?

If volume is chosen as fundamental quantity, then we won’t be able to

express smaller quantities such as length, area easily.
5. Which prefix represents the biggest value- mega or giga? Also mention their values.

Giga represents the bigger value than giga.

Prefix Symbols Values

Giga G 109
Mega M 106
6. The radius of hydrogen atom is approximately 40pm. What will be its value in mm?

Radius of hydrogen: 1

40pm = 40×10-12m
= 40×10-9× 10-3 m

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 CAD Paniola 2018

= 40×10-9 mm
7. Explain the statement, “ A micrometer screw guage measures more accurately than a
vernier caliper”.

A micrometer screw guage measures more accurately than vernier caliper

because screw guage can measure upto 100th part of a millimeter whereas
vernier caliper measures upto 10th part of a millimeter only. In other word,
it’s due to the least count difference.
8. What do you know about plasma?

Co-existence of gaseous and ionized state of matter is called plasma

9. If the zero of circular scale in a screw guage passes the zero of linear scale then
explain how we can correct our reading?

If the zero of circular scale in a screw guage passes the zero of linear scale,
then this is negative zero error which can be found out by multiplying the
number of divisions of circular scale that has passed the datum line by least
count of screw guage. Negative error is then subtracted to get zero
correction.
10. How can we find the volume of a small metallic sphere?

We can find the volume of a small metallic sphere by micrometer screw

guage. Basically it measures the diameter of a sphere. Then using the
following formula we can calculate the radius first and then volume of a
given sphere.

R = d/2

V = 4/3πr3
11. Whn are zeros in a certain figure significant?

Zeros between two significant digits are significant such as 88703. There are
5 Sig figures.

Trailing zeros to the right of decimal place are significant e.g. 54.0. There 2
are 3 significant figures.
12. How many significant figures are there in 19.5120g?

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 CAD Paniola 2018

There’re six significant figures in 19.5120g.

Prepared by: Asher Kabir | Blog: ashhtalk.blogspot.com