Why have the developing nations failed to achieve parity with the

developed nations?

In this audio, I’m going to talk a little about the reasons that
have caused developing nations to fail in achieving economic,
technological and social parity with the developed ones.

First, we can point the Initial Inequality in the end of the

Colonialist Period, more specifically in the countries that the
relation with their metropole was based in the extractivism of the
natural resources of their lands, namely, the “exploration
colonies”.
The Colonialism, that has last until the 19th century in
countries like Brazil and some Spanish colonies in Latin America
and until the middle of the 20th century for a lot of African
countries, has left a Tech Gap in the ancient colonies, that is, a
disparity in technological development face to the developed
ones. We can take as example the England, in which the process
of industrialization has been taken gradually until the modern
times, that is, with transition periods during its development.
However, in many of the Latin American countries, the process
of industrialization has been taken without a transition period,
fact that has hampered the development of a rational
Infrastructure and have created a lot of fixed elites and
monopoles in these nations, generating and keeping internal
income disparities.
The ancient development, has also left time and money for
the developed countries to invest in education and Infrastructure,
therefore, nowadays, these nations are moving for the sectors of
high technology development and services, unlike the
developing ones, that have remained in the first sector of the
economy or have been changing to a secondary one based in
manufactures or other industries that use a low technological
level. We can call this a technological polarization between the
two kind of nations.
 The political structure is another important factor to
consider. In developed nations, in most cases, it is well made,
with the laws and conventions stable over the time, which
facilitates the development of the Infrastructure and Education in
these ones.
Corruption, which is the cause of many of the immobile
elites that we see in the unequal developing countries is another
cause of a retard in the technological and infrastructural
development and in the reduction of inequality in these. But it is
a circular problem, because without infrastructure and solid laws
and governments we are not capable of attacking corruption.
A country that can be seen as a counter example is China,
in which the political structure is not well made, or at least, not as
the common definition of the term, but can be seen as a “well
adapted” country. In spite of its enormous and corrupted
government, China has achieved a good level of industrial
development and a relative market maturity. However, this “well
adaption” has not been as much good for the country like a whole
as for their regular citizens, with huge workloads and low salaries
for the population.
As governmental stability, we can talk of Ability to adapt.
Dictatorships are not adaptable because they don’t have interest
in changing. This lack of adaptability has also left many of
undeveloped countries that remain in dictatorial regimes to delay
their development.

At the end, we can remark also a veiled desire of developed

nations in keeping this disparity. With the actual situation, for
example, is easier for a company to product cheaper, moving
their manufactories sites to the developing nations, in which
there still exists low salary levels and an abundance of
manpower.