Advanced Engineering Mathematics, by Erwin Kreyszig 10th. Ed.

Problem Set 2.7

No. 1

y"5 y'6 y  2e  x

The corresponding homogeneous equation y"5 y '6 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  5  6  0   3  2  0 1  3, 2  2

y1  e 3x , y2  e 2 x

yh  C1 y1  C2 y2  C1e 3 x  C2e 2 x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   2e  x

Set y p  Ce  x

y' p  Ce x y" p  Ce  x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation y"5 y'6 y  2e  x

   
Ce x  5  Ce x  6 Ce x  2e  x

C  5C  6C e x  2e x 2Ce  x  2e  x

C 1

y p  e x

General sol. yx   yh  y p  C1e 3x  C2e 2 x  e  x

No. 2
10 y"50 y '57.6 y  cos x

The corresponding homogeneous equation 10 y"50 y '57.6 y  0

Auxiliary equation 102  50  57.6  0 10  1.8  3.2  0

1  1.8, 2  3.2 y1  e 1.8 x , y2  e 3.2 x

y h  C1 y1  C2 y2  C1e 1.8 x  C2e 3.2 x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   cos x

Set y p  K cos x  M sin x

 y' p  K sin x  M cos x

y" p  K cos x  M sin x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

10 y"50 y '57.6 y  cos x

 10K cos x  10M sin x  50 K sin x  M cos x  57.6K cos x  M sin x  cos x

 10K  50M  57.6K cos x   10M  50K  57.6M sin x  cos x

47.6K  50M cos x   50K  47.6M sin x  cos x
Equalize the coefficients ahead cos x and sin x
47.6K  50M  1 1
 50K  47.6M  0 2
1  50  2  47.6 4765.76M  50; M  0.01049

1  47.6  2   50 4765.76M  47.6; K  0.009988

y p  0.009988 cos x  0.01049 sin x

General sol. yx   yh  y p  C1e 1.8 x  C2e 3.2 x  0.009988 cos x  0.01049 sin x

No. 3

y"3 y'2 y  12 x 2

The corresponding homogeneous equation y"3 y '2 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  3  2  0   2  1  0 1  2, 2  1

y1  e 2 x , y2  e  x

y h  C1 y1  C2 y2  C1e 2 x  C2 e  x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   12x 2

Set y p  K 2 x 2  K1x  K o

y' p  2K 2 x  K1

y" p  2K 2

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation y"3 y'2 y  12 x 2

  
2 K 2  32 K 2 x  K1   2 K 2 x 2  K1x  K o  12 x 2

2 K 2 x 2  6 K 2  2 K1 x  2 K 2  3K1  2 K o   12 x 2

2K2  12; K2  6

6K2  2K1  0 K1  18

2K 2  3K1  2K o  0 K o  21

y p  6 x 2  18x  21

General sol. yx   yh  y p  C12 x  C2e  x  6 x 2  18 x  21

No. 4
y"4 y  8 cos x
The corresponding homogeneous equation y"4 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  4  0   2 1  2, 2  2

y1  e 2 x , y2  e 2 x

y h  C1 y1  C2 y2  C1e 2 x  C2 e 2 x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   8 cos x

Set y p  K cos x  M sin x

y' p  K sin x  M cos x

y" p   2 K cos x   2 M sin x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation y"4 y  8 cos x

  2 K cos x   2 M sin x  4K cos x  M sin x   8 cos x

  2 K  4k cosx    2 M  4M sin x  8cosx

  2 K  4k  8   2 M  4M  0

K 
2
8 M 0
 4

yp   8 cos x
2
 4

General sol. yx   yh  y p  C1e 2 x  C2e 2 x  8 cos x

 2 4
No. 5

y"4 y'4 y  e  x cos x

The corresponding homogeneous equation y"4 y '4 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  4  4  0   22  0

1  2 2 y1  e 2 x , y2  xe2 x

y h C1y1  C2 y2  C1e 2 x  C 2 xe2 x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   e  x cos x

We set y p  e  x K cos x  M sin x 

y' p  e  x K cos x  M sin x   e  x  K sin x  M cos x 

 e  x  K  M  cos x  e  x K  M  sin x

y" p  e  x  K  M  cos x  e  x  K  M  sin x  e  x K  M  sin x  e  x K  M  cos x

 e  x K  M  K  M  cos x  e  x K  M  K  M  sin x

 2Me  x cos x  2 Ke x sin x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

 2Me  x cos x  2Ke x sin x  4e  x  K  M  cos x  4e  x K  M  sin x  4e  x K cos x  M sin x 

 e  x cos x

e  x  2M  4K  4M  4K cos x  e  x 2K  4K  4M  4M sin x  e  x cos x

2Me  x cos x  2 Ke  x sin x  e  x cos x

2M  1; M  1
2

K 0

y p  1 e  x sin x
2
 General sol. y x   yh  y p  C1e 2 x  C 2 xe2 x  1 e  x sin x
2

No. 6

 
y" y '  2  1 y  e 2 sin x
4
1 x

The corresponding homogeneous equation y" y '  2  1 y  0  4


Auxiliary equation 2     2  1  0  4

  122i  1  i
2

1 x 1 x
yA  e 2 cos x, y B  e 2 sin x

1 x
y h  Ay A  By B  e 2  A cos x  B cos x 

1 x
In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   e 2 sin x is the same as

1 x
yB  e 2 sin x

1 x 1 x
Set y p e 2 Kx cos x  Mx sin x  e 2 xK cos x  M sin x
1 x 1 x 1 x
y' p   1 e 2 xK cos x  M sin x   e 2 K cos x  M sin x   e 2 x K sin x  M cos x 
2

1 x
 
 e 2  1 Kx  K  Mx cos x  e 2  1 Mx  M  Kx sin x
2
1 x
 2

1 x
 12 K  M x  K cosx  e 2 x  12 M  K x  M sin x
1
e 2

1 x
 12 K  M x  K cos x  e 2 x  12 K  M cos x  e 2 x  12 K  M x  K sin x
1 1
y" p   1 e 2
2


1 x
1e 2
2
  1M
2

 K x  M  1 x
sin x  e 2 1 M
2
  K  1 x
sin x  e 2  12 M  K x  M cos x
1 x
e 2 1
4
 
K  1 M x  1 K  1 K  M   1 M  K x  M cos x
2 2 2
2  
1 x
e 2 1M
4
 
 1 K x  1 M  1 M  K    1 K  M x  K sin x
2 2 2
 2
 
1 x
e 2 1
4
 K  1 M  1 M   2 K x  K  2M cos x
2 2
 
 1 x
e 2 1M
4
 
 1 K  1 K   2 M x  M  2K sin x
2 2

1 x
e 2 1
4
 K  M   K x  K  2M
2
  1 x
cos x  e 2 1 M
4
  
 K   2 M x  M  2K sin x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation


y" y'  2  1 y  e 2 sin x
4
 1 x

1 x
e 2 
1
4

K  M   2 K x  K  2M cos x  e 2  1 x

1M
4
 
 K   2 M x  M  2K sin x

1 x
e 2  1
2
K  M x  K  1 x
cos x  e 2  12 M  K x  M sin x

  2 1
4
1 x
e 2 xK cos x  M
1 x
sin x   e 2 sin x

1 x
e 2 1
4
  2   4 
K  M   2 K x   1 K  M x   2  1 Kx  K  2M  K cos x

e
1 x
2 4 M  K   M x  2 M  K x    4 Mx  M  2K  M sin x  e 2 sin x
1 2 1 2 1 1 x

e 2 1 K  M   2 K  1 K  M   2  1 K x  2M cos x

1 x
4 2 4

e
1 x
2 4 M  K   M  2 M  K    4 M x  2K sin x  e 2 sin x
1 2 1 2 1 1 x

1 x 1 x 1 x
2Me 2 cos x  2Ke 2 sin x  e 2 sin x

Equalize each term on both sides.

M 0 K  1
2

 x 1
y p   1 e 2 x cos x
2
1 x 1 x
General sol. yx   yh  y p  e 2  A cos x  B cos x   21 e 2 x cos x

No. 7

D 2  4D  3I y  e x  92 x
The corresponding homogeneous equation y"4 y '3 y  0
 Auxiliary equation 2  4  3  0   1  3  0
1 1,  2 3

y1  e x , y2  e3x

y h  C1 y1  C2 y2  C1e x  C2e3 x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   e x  9 x

2

Since y1  e x is the same as e x , we modify y p as Cxex  K 1x  K o

 
y ' p  C e x  xex  K 1

y" p  C e x  e x  xex   C 2e x  xex 

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

D 2  4D  3I y  e x  92 x
   
C 2e x  xex  4C e x  xex  4 K 13Cxex  3K 1x  3K o e x  9 x
2

 
C 2e x  xex  4e x  4 xex  3xex  3K 1x  4 K 13K o e x  9 x
2

 2Ce x  3K 1x  4 K 13K o e x  9 x
2

Equalize each term on both sides.

 2C  1; C   1
2

3K1   9 : K1   3
2 2

 4K1  3K o  0; K o  2

y p   1 xex  3 x  2
2 2

General sol. y x   yh  y p  C1e x  C2e3 x  1 xex  3 x  2

2 2

No. 8

3D2  27I y  3 cos x  cos 3x

 The corresponding homogeneous equation 3 y"27 y  0

Auxiliary equation 32  27  0 2  9  0

  3i y A  cos 3x, yB  sin 3x
y h  Ay A  By B  A cos 3x  B sin 3x
In the nonhomogeneous equation r x  3 cos x  cos 3x

Since cos 3x term is the same as y A  cos 3x .

Modify y p as K1 cos x  M1 sin x  K2 x cos 3x  M 2 x sin 3x

y' p  K1 sin x  M1 cos x  K2 cos 3x  M 2 sin 3x  3K2 x sin 3x  3M 2 x cos 3x

y" p  K1 cos M1 sin x  3K2 sin 3x  3M 2 cos 3x  3K2 sin 3x  3M 2 cos 3x  9K2 x cos 3x  9M 2 x sin 3

 K1 cos M1 sin x  6K2 sin 3x  6M 2 cos 3x  9K2 x cos 3x  9M 2 x sin 3x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

3D2  27I y  3 cos x  cos 3x

 3K1 cos x  3M1 sin x  18K2 sin 3x  18M 2 cos 3x  27K2 x cos 3x  27M 2 x sin 3x
 27K1 cos x  27M1 sin x  27K2 x cos 3x  27M 2 x sin 3x  3 cos 3x  cos 3x
 3K1  27K1 cos x   3M1  27M1 sin x  18M 2 cos 3x  18K2 sin 3x
 27K2  27K2 x cos 3x sin 3x  27M 2  27M 2 x sin 3x  3 cos 3x  cos 3x
24K1 cos x  24M1 sin x  18M 2 cos 3x  18K2 sin 3x  3 cos 3x  cos 3x
Equalize each term on both sides.

24K1  3; K1  1
8

24M1  0; M1  0
18K2  0; K2  0

18M 2  1; M 2  1
18

y p  1 cos x  1 x sin 3x
8 18

General sol. yx   yh  y p  A cos 3x  B sin 3x  1 cos x  1 x sin 3x

8 18

No. 9

D2  16I y  9.6e4x  30e x

 The corresponding homogeneous equation y"16 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  16  0

1  4,  2 4

y1  e 4 x , y2  e 4 x

y h C1y1  C2 y2  C1e 4 x  C2 e 4 x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   9.6e 4 x  30e x

Since e 4 x term is the same as y2  e 4 x , we modify y p as C1e x  C2 xe4 x

y' p  C1e x  C2e 4 x  4C2 xe4 x  C1e x  1  4 x C2e 4 x

y" p  C1e x  4C2e 4 x  41  4 x C2e 4 x  C1e x  4  4  16 x C2e 4 x

 C1e x  8  16 x C2e 4 x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

D2  16I y  9.6e4x  30e x

C1e x  8  16 x C2e 4 x  16C1e x  16C2 xe4 x  9.6e 4 x  30e x

 15C1e x  8  16 x  16 x C2e 4 x  9.6e 4 x  30e x

 15C1e x  8C2e 4 x  9.6e 4 x  30e x

Equalize the coefficients of e 4 x and e x terms on both sides.

15C1  30; C1  2
8C2  9.6; C2  1.2

y p  2e x  1.2 xe4 x

General sol. yx   yh  y p  C1e 4 x  C2e 4 x  2e x  1.2 xe4 x

No. 10

D2  2D  I y  2x sin x
The corresponding homogeneous equation y"2 y ' y  0
Auxiliary equation 2  2  1  0   12  0
1  2 1 (double root)

y1  e  x , y2  xe x

y h  C1 y1  C2 y2  C1  C2 x e  x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x  2x sin x

Set y p  K1x  Ko  cos x  M1x  M o sin x

y' p  K1 cos x  K1x  Ko sin x  M1 sin x  M1x  M o  cos x

 K1 cos x  K1x  Ko sin x  M1 sin x  M1x  M o  cos x

 K1  M o  M1x  cos x   K o  M1  K1x  sin x

y" p  M1 cos x  K1  M o  M1xsin x  K1 sin x   Ko  M1  K1x cos x

 M1  K o  M1  K1x  cos x  K1  K1  M o  M1x  sin x

  K o  2M1  K1x  cos x  2K1  M o  M1x  sin x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

D2  2D  I y  2x sin x
 K o  2M1  K1xcos x  2K1  M o  M1xsin x  2K1  M o  M1xcos x  2 K o  M1  K1xsin x

 K1x  K o  cos x  M1x  M o  sin x  2 x sin x

 K o  2M1  K1x  2K1  2M o  2M1x  K1x  K o cos x   2K1  M o  M1x  2K o  2M1  2K1x  M1x  M o sin
 2xsin x
2M1  2K1  2M o  2M1xcos x   2K1  2K o  2M1  2K1xsin x  2 x sin x
Equalize each term on both sides.
2M1  2K1  2M o  0
2M1  0
 2K1  2K o  2M1  0
 2K1  2
K1  1, K o  1, M1  0, M 0  1

y p   x  1 cos x  sin x
 General sol. yx   yh  y p  C1  C2 x e  x   x  1 cos x  sin x

No. 11

y"4 y  8x 2 , y0  3, y' 0  0

The corresponding homogeneous equation y"4 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  4  0   2i

y A  cos x, yB  sin 2x

y h  Ay A  By B  A cos 2 x  B sin 2 x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   8x 2

Set y p  K 2 x 2  K1x  K o

y' p  2K 2 x  K1 y" p  2K 2

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

y"4 y  8x 2

2 K 2  4 K 2 x 2  4 K1x  4 K o  8 x 2

4 K 2 x 2  4 K1x  2 K 2  4 K o  8 x 2

Equalize the coefficients ahead terms on both sides.

4K2  8; K2  2

4K1  0; K1  0

2K 2  4K o  0; K o  1

y p  2x2  1

General sol. yx   yh  y p  A cos 2 x  B sin 2 x  2 x 2  1

y' x  2 Asin 2x  2B cos 2x  4x
Substitute the initial values, y0  3, y' 0  0 into the above equations of
general solution and its derivative.
y0  A cos 0  B sin 0  2  0  1  A  1  3
y' 0  2 A sin 0  2B cos 0  4  0  2B  0
A  2, B  0 are obtained.

Particular solution yx   2 cos 2 x  2 x 2  1

No. 12
 y"4 y  12 sin 2x, y0  1.8, y' 0  5.0
The corresponding homogeneous equation y"4 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  4  0   2i

1 2i,  2 2i y A  cos 2x, yB  sin 2x

y h  Ay A  By B  A cos 2 x  B sin 2 x
In the nonhomogeneous equation r x  12 sin 2x
The term sin 2 x is the same as yB  sin 2 x , we modify

y p  xK cos 2x  M sin 2x

y' p  K cos 2x  M sin 2 x  x 2K sin 2 x  2M cos 2 x  K  2Mx  cos 2x   2Kx  M sin 2x

y" p  2M cos 2 x  2K  2Mx sin 2 x  2K sin 2 x  2 2Kx  M cos 2 x

 2M  2M  4Kxcos 2x  2K  2K  4Mx sin 2x

 4M  4Kxcos 2x  4K  4Mx sin 2x

Substitute y" p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

y"4 y  12 sin 2 x

4M  4Kxcos 2x  4K  4Mxsin 2x  4xK cos 2x  M sin 2x  12 sin 2x
4M  4Kx  4Kxcos 2x  4K  4Mx  4Mxsin 2x  12 sin 2x
4M cos 2x  4K sin 2x  12 sin 2x
Equalize each term on both sides.
4M  0; M0
 4 K  12; K 3

y p  3x cos 2 x

General sol. yx  yh  y p  A cos 2 x  B sin 2 x  3x cos 2 x

y' x  2 Asin 2x  2B cos 2x  3cos 2x  6x sin 2x

Substitute the initial values, y0  1.8, y' 0  5.0 into the above equations of
general solution and its derivative.
y0  A cos 0  B sin 0  3  0 cos 0  A  1.8
y' 0  2 A sin 0  2B cos 0  3 cos 0  6  0 sin 0  2B  3  5.0
A  1.8, B  1 are obtained.

Particular solution yx  1.8 cos 2x  sin 2x  3x cos 2x

No. 13
8 y"6 y' y  6 cosh x, y0  0.2, y' 0  0.05
The corresponding homogeneous equation 8 y"6 y ' y  0

Auxiliary equation 82  6  1  0 4  12  1  0

1 14 ,  2  12

1x 1x
2
y1  e4 , y2  e
1x 1x
2
y h  C1 y1  C2 y2  C1e 4  C2 e
 x x 
In the nonhomogeneous equation r  x   6 cosh x  6 e  e 
 2 

We set y p  K1e x  K 2e  x

y' p  K1e x  K 2e  x

y" p  K1e x  K 2e  x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

      x x 

8 K1e x  K 2 e  x  6 K1e x  K 2 e  x  K1e x  K 2e  x  6 e  e   3 e x  e  x
 2 
 
8K1  6K1  K1 e x  8K 2  6K 2  K 2 e x  3e x  3e x

3K1e x  12K 2e  x  3e x  3e  x

Equalize each term on both sides.

3K1  3; K1  1

12K 2  3; K2  1
4

y p  e x  1 e x
4

1x 1x
General sol. yx   yh  y p  C1e 4  C2 e2  e x  1 e x
4
1x 1x
y' x   1 C e4  C2 e 2
1  e x  1 e x
4 1 2 4
Substitute the initial values, y0  0.2, y' 0  0.05 into the above equations of
general solution and its derivative.
 y 0  C1e 0  C2 e 0  e 0  1 e 0  C1  C2  1  1  0.05; C1  C2  1.25  0.2
4 4

y ' 0  1 C1e 0  1 C2 e 0  e 0  1 e 0  1 C1  1 C2  1  1  0.05; 1C  1C  0.75  0.05

4 2 4 4 2 4 4 1 2 2

C1  0.7, C2  1.75 are obtained.

1x 1x
Particular solution yx   0.7e 4  1.75e 2  e x  1 e  x
4
No. 14

y"6 y'9 y  e  x cos 2 x, y0  1, y' 0  1

The corresponding homogeneous equation y"6 y '9 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  6  9  0 2  6  9    32  0

1  2 3 (double root) y1  e 3x , y2  xe3x

y h  C1 y1  C2 y2  e 3 x C1  C2 x 

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   e  x cos 2 x

We set y p  e  x K cos 2 x  M sin 2 x 

y' p  e  x K cos 2 x  M sin 2 x   e  x  2K sin 2 x  2M cos 2 x 

 e  x  K  2M  cos 2 x  2K  M  sin 2 x

y" p  e  x  K  2M  cos 2 x  2 K  M  sin 2 x  e  x  2 K  2M  sin 2 x  22 K  M  cos 2 x

 e  x K  2M  4K  2M  cos 2 x  2K  M  2K  4M  sin 2 x

 e  x  3K  4M  cos 2 x  4 K  3M  sin 2 x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

e  x  3K  4M  cos 2 x  4K  3M  sin 2 x  6e  x  K  2M  cos 2 x  2K  M  sin 2 x

 9e  x K cos 2 x  M sin 2 x   e  x cos 2 x

e  x  3K  4M  6K  12M  9K  cos 2 x  4K  3M  12K  6M  9M  sin 2 x  e  x cos 2 x

e  x 8M cos 2 x  8K sin 2 x   e  x cos 2 x

 Equalize each term on both sides.

8M  1; M 1
8

K 0

y p  1 e  x sin 2 x
8

General sol. y x   yh  y p  e 3 x C1  C2 x   1 e  x sin 2 x

8

y ' x   3e 3 x C1  C2 x   C2 e 3 x  1 e  x sin 2 x  1 e  x cos 2 x

8 4

4
 e 3 x  3C1  C2  3C2 x   e  x 1 cos 2 x  1 sin 2 x
8

Substitute the initial values, y0  1, y' 0  1 into the above equations of
general solution and its derivative.

y 0  e 0C1  1 e 0 sin 0  C1  1; C1  1

8

4 8

y ' 0  e 0  3C1  C2   e 0 1 cos 0  1 sin 0  3C1  C2  1  3C1  C2  1  1
4 4

 3C1  C2  1.25
C1  1, C2  1.75 are obtained.

Particular solution y x   e 3 x 1  1.75 x   1 e  x sin 2 x

8

No. 15

x2 D2  3xD  3I y  3 ln x  4, y1  0, y' 0  1, y p  ln x

The corresponding homogeneous equation x 2 y"3xD  3 y  0

Auxiliary equation m 2  a  1m  b  0 m 2   3  1m  3  0

m 2  4m  3  0 m  1m  3  0 m1 1, m2  3 y1  x, y2  x3

y h  C1 y1  C2 y2  C1x  C2 x 3

General sol. yx   yh  y p  C1x  C2 x 3  ln x

y ' x   C1  3C2 x 2  1
x

Substitute the initial values, y1  0, y' 1  1 into the above equations of
 general solution and its derivative.
y1  C1  C2  ln 1  C1  C2  0
y' x  C1  3C2  1  1; C1  3C2  0
C1  0, C2  0 are obtained.
Particular solution yx  ln x
No. 16

D2  2Dy  6e2x  4e2x , y0  1, y' 0  6

The corresponding homogeneous equation y" y '  0

Auxiliary equation 2  2  0    2  0

1 0,  2 2 y1  1, y2  e 2 x

y h  C1 y1 C 2 y2 C1C2 e 2 x

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   6e 2 x  4e 2 x

We set y p C1xe2 x  C2e 2 x

y' p C1e 2 x  2C1xe2 x  2C2e 2 x C1 1  2 x e 2 x  2C2e 2 x

y" p  2C1e 2 x  2C11  2 x e 2 x  4C2e 2 x C12  2  4 x e 2 x  4C2e 2 x C14  4 x e 2 x  4C2e 2 x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

 
C1 4  4 x e 2 x  4C2 e  2 x  2 C1 1  2 x e 2 x  2C2 e  2 x  6e 2 x  4e  2 x

C1 4  4 x e 2 x  4C2 e 2 x  2C1 1  2 x e 2 x  4C2 e 2 x  6e 2 x  4e 2 x

C1 4  4 x  2  4 x e 2 x  8C2 e 2 x  6e 2 x  4e 2 x

2C1e 2 x  8C2e 2 x  6e 2 x  4e 2 x

Equalize each term on both sides.

2C1  6; C1  3

8C2  4; C2   1
2
 y p  3e 2 x  1 e 2 x
2

General sol. y x   yh  y p C1C2 e 2 x  3xe2 x  1 e 2 x

2

y' x   2C2e 2 x  3e 2 x  6 xe2 x  e 2 x

Substitute the initial values, y0  1, y' 0  6 into the above equations of
general solution and its derivative.

y0 C1C2 e 0  3  0  e 0  1 e 0 C1C2  1  1; C1C2   1

2 2 2

y' x   2C2e0  3e0  6  0  e 2 x  e 0  2C2  3  1  6; 2C2  2; C2  1

C1   3 , C2  1 are obtained.
2

Particular solution y  x    3  e 2 x  3xe2 x  1 e 2 x

2 2

No. 17

D2  0.4D  0.4I y  2.25e0.25 x , y0  0.5, y' 0  0.5

The corresponding homogeneous equation y"0.4 y '0.4 y  0

Auxiliary equation 2  0.4  0.4  0

   0.2  0.22  0.4  0.2  0.6i

1 0.2  0.6i,  2  0.2  0.6i
y A  e 0.2 x cos 0.6 x, y B  e 0.2 x sin 0.6 x

y h  Ay A  By B  e 0.2 x  A cos 0.6 x  B sin 0.6 x 

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x   2.25e0.25 x

We set y p  Ce0.25 x

y ' p  0.25Ce0.25 x

y" p  0.0625Ce0.25 x

Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

   
0.0625Ce0.25 x  0.4 0.25Ce0.25 x  0.4 Ce0.25 x  2.25e0.25 x

0.0625Ce0.25 x  0.1Ce0.25 x  0.4Ce0.25 x  2.25e 0.25 x

 0.5625Ce0.25 x  2.25e 0.25 x

0.5625Ce0.5 x  2.25e 0.5 x ; C  2.25  4

0.5625

y p  4e 0.25 x

General sol. yx   yh  y p  e 0.2 x  A cos 0.6 x  B sin 0.6 x   4e0.25 x

y' x   0.2e 0.2 x  A cos 0.6 x  B sin 0.6 x   e 0.2 x  0.6 A sin 0.6 x  0.6B cos 0.6 x   e0.25 x

 e 0.2 x  0.2 A  0.6B  cos 0.6 x  0.6 A  0.2B  sin 0.6 x  e0.25 x
Substitute the initial values, y0  0.5, y' 0  0.5 into the above equations of
general solution and its derivative.

y0  e 0  A cos 0  B sin 0  4e0  A  4  0.5; A  3.5

y' 0  e 0  0.2 A  0.6B  cos 0  0.6 A  0.2B  sin 0  e0  0.2 A  0.6B  1  0.5

 0.2 A  0.6B  1.5

A  3.5, B   11
3

 
Particular solution y x   e 0.2 x  3.5 cos 0.6 x  11 sin 0.6 x  4e 0.25 x
3
No. 18

D2  2D  10I y  17 sin x  37 sin 3x, y0  6.6, y' 0  2.2

The corresponding homogeneous equation y"2 y '10  0

Auxiliary equation 2  2  10  0

  1  1  10   1  3i
1 1  3i,  2  1  3i
y A  e  x cos 3x, y B  e  x sin 3x

y h  e  x  A cos 3x  B sin 3x 

In the nonhomogeneous equation r x  17 sin x  37 sin 3x

We set y p  K1 cos x  M1 sin x  K 2 cos 3x  M 2 sin 3x

y' p  K1 sin x  M1 cos x  3K 2 sin 3x  3M 2 cos 3x

y" p  K1 cos x  M1 sin x  9K 2 cos 3x  9M 2 sin 3x

 Substitute y" p , y' p , y p into the nonhomogeneous equation

 K1 cos x  M1 sin x  9K2 cos 3x  9M 2 sin 3x  2 K1 sin x  M1 cos x  3K2 sin 3x  3M 2 cos 3x

 10K1 cos x  M1 sin x  K2 cos 3x  M 2 sin 3x  17 sin x  37 sin 3x

 K1  2M1 10K1 cos x   2K1  M1 10M1 sin x   9K2  6M 2 10K2 cos 3x

  9M 2  6K2  10M 2 sin 3x  17 sin x  37 sin 3x
9K1  2M1 cos x   2K1  9M1 sin x  K2  6M 2 cos 3x   6K2  M 2 sin 3x  17 sin x  37 sin 3x
Equalize each term on both sides.

9K1  2M1  0

 2K1  9M1  17

K 2  6M 2  0

 6K2  M 2  37

K1  0.4, M1  1.8, K2  6, M 2  1

y p  0.4 cos x  1.8 sin x  6 cos 3x  sin 3x

General sol.

yx   yh  y p  e  x  A cos 3x  B sin 3x   0.4 cos x  1.8 sin x  6 cos 3x  sin 3x

y' x   e  x  A cos 3x  B sin 3x   e  x  3 A sin 3x  3B cos 3x   0.4 sin x  1.8 cos x  18 sin 3x  3 cos 3x

 e  x  A  3B cos 3x  3 A  B sin 3x  0.4 sin x  1.8 cos x  18 sin 3x  3 cos 3x
Substitute the initial values, y0  6.6, y' 0  2.2 into the above equations of
general solution and its derivative.

y0  e 0  A cos 0  B sin 0  0.4 cos 0  1.8 sin 0  6 cos 0  sin 0

 A  0.4  6  A  5.6  6.6

y' 0  e0  A  3B  cos 0  3 A  B  sin 0  0.4 sin 0  1.8 cos 0  18 sin 0  3 cos 0

  A  3B  1.8  3   A  3B  1.2  2.2;  A  3B  1.0

And A  1, B  0

Particular solution yx   e  x cos 3x  0.4 cos x  1.8 sin x  6 cos 3x  sin 3x

No. 19

問答題，不解
No. 20

問答題，不解