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The English Wikipedia is the English-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia.
Founded on 15 January 2001, it is the first edition of Wikipedia and, as of November 2017, has the
most articles of any of the editions.[2] As of November 2018, 12% of articles in all Wikipedias belong
to the English-language edition. This share has gradually declined from more than 50 percent in
2003, due to the growth of Wikipedias in other languages.[3] As of 16 November 2018, there
are 5,752,457 articles on the site.[4] In October 2015, the combined text of the English Wikipedia's
articles totalled 11.5 gigabytes when compressed.[5] On 1 November 2015, the English Wikipedia
announced it had reached 5,000,000 articles[6] and ran a special logo to reflect the milestone.[7]
The Simple English Wikipedia is a variation in which most of the articles use only basic English
vocabulary. There is also the Old English (Ænglisc/Anglo-Saxon) Wikipedia (angwiki). Community-
produced news publications include The Signpost.[8]

Contents

 1Pioneering edition
 2Users and editors
o 2.1Arbitration committee
 3Controversies
o 3.1Threats against high schools
o 3.2Disputed articles
o 3.3Varieties of English
 4Wikiprojects, and assessments of articles' importance and quality
 5Graphics
 6Internal news publications
 7See also
 8Footnotes
 9References
 10External links

Pioneering edition
See also: Wikipedia:Milestones
The English Wikipedia was the first Wikipedia edition and has remained the largest. It has pioneered
many ideas as conventions, policies or features which were later adopted by Wikipedia editions in
some of the other languages. These ideas include "featured articles",[9] the neutral-point-of-view
policy,[10] navigation templates,[11] the sorting of short "stub" articles into sub-categories,[12] dispute
resolution mechanisms such as mediation and arbitration,[13] and weekly collaborations.[14]
The English Wikipedia has adopted features from Wikipedias in other languages. These features
include verified revisions from the German Wikipedia (dewiki) and town population-lookup templates
from the Dutch Wikipedia (nlwiki).
Although the English Wikipedia stores images and audio files, as well as text files, many of the
images have been moved to Wikimedia Commons with the same name, as passed-through files.
However, the English Wikipedia also has fair-use images and audio/video files (with copyright
restrictions), most of which are not allowed on Commons.
Many of the most active participants in the Wikimedia Foundation, and the developers of
the MediaWiki software that powers Wikipedia, are English users.

Users and editors

English Wikipedia statistics

Number of user accounts Number of articles Number of files Number of administrators

34,967,315 5,752,457 880,319 1,200

The English Wikipedia reached 4,000,000 registered user accounts on 1 April 2007,[15] just a little
over a year since it had crossed a threshold of 1,000,000 registered user accounts in late February
2006.[16]
Over 800,000 editors have edited Wikipedia more than 10 times.[17] 300,000 editors edit Wikipedia
every month;[citation needed] of these, over 30,000 perform more than 5 edits per month, and a little over
3,000 perform more than 100 edits per month.[18] By 24 November 2011, a total of 500 million edits
had been performed on the English Wikipedia.[citation needed]
As the largest Wikipedia edition, and because English is such a widely used language, the English
Wikipedia draws many users and editors whose native language is not English. Such users may
seek information from the English Wikipedia rather than the Wikipedia of their native language
because the English Wikipedia tends to contain more information about general subjects. Successful
collaborations have been developed between non-native English speakers who successfully add
content to the English Wikipedia and native English speakers who act as copyeditors for them.[citation
needed]

Arbitration committee
Main article: Arbitration Committee

The English Wikipedia has an arbitration committee (also known as ArbCom) that consists of a panel
of editors that imposes binding rulings with regard to disputes between other editors of the online
encyclopedia.[19] The committee was created by Jimmy Wales on 4 December 2003 as an extension
of the decision-making power he had formerly held as owner of the site.[20][21]
When initially founded, the committee consisted of 12 arbitrators divided into three groups of four
members each.[20][22] Since then, the committee has gradually expanded its membership to 18
arbitrators.[23][not in citation given]
As with other aspects of the English Wikipedia, some of Wikipedia's sister projects have emulated
the arbitration committee with their own similar versions.[24] For instance, in 2007, an arbitration
committee was founded on the German Wikipedia called the Schiedsgericht [de].[25]

Controversies
Main article: Criticism of Wikipedia
See also: Wikipedia Seigenthaler biography incident and Essjay controversy

Threats against high schools

Several incidents of threats of violence against high schools on Wikipedia have been reported in the
mainstream press.[26][27][28] The Glen A. Wilson High School was the subject of such a threat in
2008,[26][27][28] and a 14-year-old was arrested for making a threat against Niles West High School on
Wikipedia in 2006.[29]

Disputed articles
A 2013 study from Oxford University concluded that the most disputed articles on the English
Wikipedia tended to be broader issues, while on other language Wikipedias the most disputed
articles tended to be regional issues; this is due to the English language's status as a global lingua
franca, which means that many who edit the English Wikipedia do not speak English as a native
language.[clarification needed] The study stated that the most disputed entries on the English Wikipedia
were: George W. Bush, anarchism, Muhammad, list of WWE personnel, global
warming, circumcision, United States, Jesus, race and intelligence, and Christianity.[30]

Varieties of English
One controversy in the English Wikipedia concerns which national variety of the English language is
to be preferred, with the most commonly advocated candidates being American English and British
English.[31] Perennial suggestions range from standardizing upon a single form of English
to forking the English Wikipedia project. A style guideline states, "the English Wikipedia has no
general preference for a major national variety of the language" and "an article on a topic that has
strong ties to a particular English-speaking nation uses the appropriate variety of English for that
nation".[32] An article should use spelling and grammar variants consistently; for
example, color and colour are not to be used in the same article, since they represent American and
British English, respectively. The guide also states that an article must remain in its original national
variant.
There has been a similar issue in the Chinese-language Wikipedia concerning regional differences
in writing. Efforts toward a language fork for Portuguese Wikipedia have failed, but those
regarding Norwegian Wikipedia succeeded.
Andrew Lih wrote that the English Wikipedia "didn't have the chance to go through a debate over
whether there should be a British English Wikipedia or an American English Wikipedia" because the
English Wikipedia was the original edition.[33][clarification needed] Editors agreed to use U.S. spellings for
primarily American topics and British spellings for primarily British topics. In 2009 Lih wrote, "No
doubt, American spellings tend to dominate by default just because of sheer numbers."[34]

Wikiprojects, and assessments of articles' importance and

quality
Main article: WikiProject

A "WikiProject" is a group of contributors who want to work together as a team to improve Wikipedia.
These groups often focus on a specific topic area (for example, women's history), a specific location
or a specific kind of task (for example, checking newly created pages). The English Wikipedia
currently has over 2,000 WikiProjects and activity varies.[35]
In 2007, in preparation for producing a print version, the English Wikipedia introduced an
assessment scale of the quality of articles.[36] Articles are rated by WikiProjects. The range of quality
classes begins with "Stub" (very short pages), followed by "Start", "C" and "B" (in increasing order of
quality). Community peer review is needed for the article to enter one of the highest quality classes:
either "good article", "A" or the highest, "featured article". Of the about 4.4 million articles and lists
assessed as of March 2015, a little more than 5,000 (0.12%) are featured articles, and fewer than
2,000 (0.04%) are featured lists. One featured article per day, as selected by editors, appears on
the main page of Wikipedia.[37][38]
The articles can also be rated as per "importance" as judged by a WikiProject. Currently, there are 5
importance categories: "low", "mid", "high", "top", and "???" for unclassified/uncertain level. For a
particular article, different WikiProjects may assign different importance levels.
The Wikipedia Version 1.0 Editorial Team has developed a table (shown below) that displays data of
all rated articles by quality and importance, on the English Wikipedia. If an article or list receives
different ratings by two or more WikiProjects, then the highest rating is used in the table, pie-charts,
and bar-chart. The software regularly auto-updates the data.
Researcher Giacomo Poderi found that articles tend to reach featured status via the intensive work
of a few editors.[39] A 2010 study found unevenness in quality among featured articles and concluded
that the community process is ineffective in assessing the quality of articles.[40]

Quality-wise distribution of over 5.5 million articles and lists on the English Wikipedia, as of
29 January 2017[41]

Featured articles (0.11%)

Featured lists (0.04%)

A class (0.03%)

Good articles (0.50%)

B class (2.00%)

C class (4.32%)

Start class (26.41%)

Stub class (53.01%)

Lists (3.65%)

Unassessed (9.94%)

Importance-wise distribution of over 5.5 million articles and lists on the English Wikipedia, as of
29 January 2017[41]

Top (0.91%)

High (3.20%)

Medium (12.21%)

Low (51.68%)
??? (32.00%)

All rated articles by quality and importance

Importance

Quality Top High Mid Low ??? Total

FA 1,280 1,949 1,848 1,236 193 6,506

FL 139 535 607 513 112 1,906

A 247 466 624 407 88 1,832

GA 2,316 5,288 10,436 11,854 1,788 31,682

B 12,818 24,493 37,636 32,397 15,202 122,546

C 11,444 34,270 76,852 112,820 50,902 286,288

Start 17,897 81,241 330,555 928,369 335,680 1,693,742

Stub 4,263 31,333 242,351 2,096,246 875,594 3,249,787

List 3,402 12,548 38,832 110,099 73,052 237,933

Assessed 53,806 192,123 739,741 3,293,941 1,352,611 5,632,222

Unassessed 129 577 1,817 17,619 524,858 545,000

 Total 53,935 192,700 741,558 3,311,560 1,877,469 6,177,222

500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000

3,000,000
Top
High
Medium

Low
???

 Featured articles
 Featured lists
 A-class articles
 Good articles
 B-class articles
 C-class articles
 Start-class articles
 Stub articles
 Lists
 Unassessed articles and lists
[Note: The table above (prepared by the Wikipedia Version 1.0 Editorial Team) is automatically
updated daily by User:WP 1.0 bot, but the bar-chart and the two pie-charts are not auto-updated. In
them, new data has to be entered by a Wikipedia editor (i.e. user).]
Automatic quality assessment of Wikipedia articles is a known and wide scientific problem.[42] For
example, as measures for assessing quality, it can be taken into the account number of the
references, text length, number of images, sections, articles popularity and others.[43]

Graphics

Percentages of articles written in various language families. In March 2013, 16.76% of articles were in
English.

 The countries in which the English Wikipedia is the most popular language version of Wikipedia are
shown in red.[44]
 
Top 25 contributor countries to the English Wikipedia. Dark green: Native English speaking countries;
light green: countries with English as a foreign language.[45]


In April 2009, the Wikimedia Foundation conducted a usability study on the English Wikipedia,
questioning users about the editing mechanism.[46]


Video marking English Wikipedia's milestone of five million articles on 1 November 2015

showBar chart, origin of edits

Internal news publications

See also: The Signpost

Community-produced news publications include The Signpost.[8] The Signpost (previously known
as The Wikipedia Signpost[48]) is the English Wikipedia's newspaper.[8][49][50] It is managed by
the Wikipedia community and is published online weekly.[8][51] Each edition contains stories and
articles related to the Wikipedia community.[52][53] A wide range of editors contribute articles and other
pieces.[8]
The publication was founded in January 2005 by Wikipedia administrator and later Chair of
the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Michael Snow.[8][48][54] Originally titled The Wikipedia
Signpost, it was later shortened to simply The Signpost.[48][55] The newspaper reports on Wikipedia
events including Arbitration Committee rulings,[56] Wikimedia Foundation issues,[57] and other
Wikipedia-related projects.[58] Snow continued to contribute as a writer to The Signpost until his
appointment to the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation in February 2008.[59]
Investigative journalism by The Signpost in 2015 on changes to freedom of panorama copyright
restrictions in Europe was covered by publications in multiple languages including
German,[60] Italian,[61] Polish,[62] and Russian.[63] Wikipedia users Gamaliel and Go Phightins! became
editors-in-chief of The Signpost in January 2015; prior editor-in-chief The ed17 noted that during his
tenure the publication expanded its scope by including more reporting on the wider Wikimedia
movement and English Wikipedia itself.[64] In a letter to readers upon the newspaper's tenth
anniversary, the new co-editors-in-chief stressed the importance of maintaining independence from
the Wikimedia Foundation in their reporting.[65]
The Signpost has been the subject of academic analysis in publications including Sociological
Forum,[66] the social movements journal Interface,[67] and New Review of Academic
Librarianship;[68] and was consulted for data on Wikipedia by researchers from Los Alamos National
Laboratory and Dartmouth College.[69] It has garnered generally positive reception from media
publications including The New York Times,[70] The Register,[71] Nonprofit Quarterly,[72] and Heise
Online.[73] The book Wikipedia: The Missing Manual called The Signpost essential reading for
ambitious new Wikipedia editors.[74]
Other past and present community news publications include the "WikiWorld" web comic,
the Wikipedia Weekly podcast, and newsletters of specific WikiProjects like The
Bugle from WikiProject Military History and the monthly newsletter from The Guild of Copy Editors.
There are also a number of publications from the Wikimedia Foundation and multilingual publications
such as the Wikimedia Blog and This Month in Education.

See also