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About the author View All Posts amar sawant Amar Sawant is an entrepreneur, farmer, and writer. He works more than ten
years as agri-entrepreneur. Always busy in farm to find something new.
October 10, 2018
Lettuce is most popular of the salad crops and is of great commercial importance; first-
time Lettuce cultivated in ancient Egypt.
Earlier Europe and North America were the leading producers of lettuce however since the
late 20th century the production and consumption of lettuce had spread throughout the
world. In present-day China is the leading producer of lettuce in the World, followed by the
USA.
Ooty Farms and Orchards joined the McDonald’s family and became one of the three
suppliers of Iceberg lettuce to McDonald’s India.
The demand for lettuce is growing very fast. The restaurant industry is booming steadily
because the country’s young generation preferring international cuisine like a burger, pizza,
sandwiches, tacos, spring roll, etc. where lettuce is an integral part.
Table of Contents
Lettuce Verity
Soil and Climate for lettuce Cultivation
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Seed Rate:
Nursery raising for lettuce cultivation
Planting
Fertilizer management in lettuce farming
Irrigation
Intercultural Operations
Maturity and Harvesting
Lettuce Verity
Lettuce is classified into four major types namely
Among the cultivated varieties, Iceberg and Great Lakes are the popular head type lettuce
grown in India.
The head of iceberg lettuce is light green, round in shaped and tightly packed with lettuce
leaves like cabbage head. Lettuce is an excellent source of different vitamins and minerals.
Iceberg lettuce has high water content (95 percent) and very low in calorie (13 k cal/100g),
which is very effective for weight loss efforts. Iceberg lettuce helps in fighting heart
diseases and strokes, as well as protecting infants from neural tube defects during
pregnancy.
It is moderately salt tolerant. Lettuce is a cool season crop requiring a mean air
temperature of 10 – 20°C. Cool nights are essential for good-quality lettuce.
Lettuce is grown mainly in areas having cool summers and mild winters.
In large-scale Lettuce, cultivation is done without soil with help of hydroponic technique or
in protective cultivation.
Seed Rate:
Lettuce seeds are very thin and delicate. Approximately 325 grams required for one-
hectare Lettuce cultivation.
2/5
Since the seed is very fine, plant the seedlings on the bed.
Mix fertilizers, 100 gms of sulphate, and 50 gm of thiamat on each bed and mix them with
soils on the bed.
The seeds of Lettuce should be sown in lines at a spacing of 5 cm between rows and 1.5-2
cm depth. The seed should be covered with sand and FYM mixture.
Planting
3/5
The application of fertilizers influences the growth and yield of lettuce. For growing lettuce,
150-200 q/ ha of farmyard manure add with 25 kg of both Nitrogen and potassium and 90
kg of phosphorus per hectare.
On sandy and sandy loam soils without manure, 40-50 kg of Nitrogen and 75-100 kg each
of phosphorus and potassium per hectare should be applied.
For good growth on silt loam and clay loam soils, 25 kg each of Nitrogen and potassium
and 50-75 kg of phosphorus per hectare may be used.
However, fertilization would depend upon the nutrient availability and the status of soil
fertility with respect to essential nutrients. About one third to one half of the nitrogen
should be applied at the time of seeding and the rest after thinning operation.
Irrigation
There are various systems of irrigation, which include furrow irrigation, drip irrigation, and
sprinkler irrigation.
Frequent and light irrigations have been found to be more effective in achieving high yield
and quality production in lettuce farming.
Intercultural Operations
Roots of lettuce crop are shallow, so weeding should be done carefully without distributing
lettuce. Usually, weeding. After 15 days or according to need.
4/5
Harvesting of lettuce begins as soon as plants reach acceptable size and firmness and
should be completed before the leaves become tough and bitter and before seed stalks
start to bold.
The stage of harvest maturity depends on the variety of lettuce and the purpose for which it
is grown. In Head lettuce for the market is allowed to grow to full size and to develop a
solid head, but for home use, it is often harvested before the head is well formed.
Leaf lettuce plants may be thinned at various times, removing the largest leaves for use
and leaving smaller ones to develop.
Lettuce is usually cut with a long-handled sharp knife. lettuce should be packed carefully
into a thick cardboard box
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