TALLER N°1

RAFAEL LEONARDO BELTRAN JIMENEZ

ANGIE ANDREA MARTINEZ TORO

JHOSSEN NICOLAS REYES

UNIVERSIDAD COOPERATIVA DE COLOMBIA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

INGENIERIA CIVIL

VILLAVICENCIO

2018
 TALLER N°1

RAFAEL LEONARDO BELTRAN JIMENEZ

ANGIE ANDREA MARTINEZ TORO

JHOSSEN NICOLAS REYES

ING. CARLOS HERNANDO PINZON

UNIVERSIDAD COOPERATIVA DE COLOMBIA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

INGENIERIA CIVIL

VILLAVICENCIO

2018
 TALLER N°1

CAPÍTULO 2, EJERCICIOS 2.2

SEPARACIÓN
𝒅𝒚
1) = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟓𝒙
𝒅𝒙

𝑢 = 5𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 5 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
= 𝑑𝑥
5
𝑑𝑦 = sin 5𝑥 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ sin 5𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑦 = ∫ sin 𝑢 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑢
𝑦 = ∫ sin 𝑢
5
1
𝑦= ∫ sin 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
5
1
𝑦 = − cos 5𝑥 + 𝑐
5

𝒅𝒚
2) = (𝒙 + 𝟏)²
𝒅𝒙

𝑑𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑥

𝑥ᶟ 2𝑥²
𝑦= + + 𝑥1 + 𝑐
3 2
1
𝑦= (𝑥 + 1)ᶟ + 𝑐
3
 3) 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒆𝟑𝒙 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑢 = −3𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = −3𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
= 𝑑𝑥
−3
𝑑𝑦 = −𝑒 −3𝑥 . 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ −𝑒 −3𝑥 . 𝑑𝑥

𝑦 = ∫ −𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢

1
𝑦= ∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
3
1 −3𝑥
𝑦= 𝑒 +𝑐
3

4) 𝒅𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐 . 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 =
𝑥²
1
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ . 𝑑𝑥
𝑥²

𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥

𝑦 = 𝑥 −1 + 𝑐
1
𝑦= +𝑐
𝑥

𝒅𝒚
5. (𝒙 + 𝟏) 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝟔

𝑢 = (𝑥 + 1)
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 =𝑢−1
(𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑦 = (𝑥 + 6)𝑑𝑥
 𝑥+6
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑥+1
𝑥+6
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥+1
𝑥+6
𝑦=∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑢
(𝑢 − 1) + 6
𝑦=∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑢
𝑢+5
𝑦=∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑢
1
𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑢 + 5 ∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑢
𝑦 = 𝑢 + 5 ln 𝑢 + 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 + 5 ln(𝑥 + 1) + 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑥 + 6 ln(𝑥 + 1) + 𝑐

𝒅𝒚
6. 𝒆𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙

𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2𝑥
𝑑𝑦 =
𝑒𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑒𝑥

∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 2𝑥. 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑢. 𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑢

𝑢 = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑣 = −𝑒 −𝑥
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 −𝑥

−2𝑥 𝑒 −𝑥 + ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 . 2 𝑑𝑥
−2𝑥 𝑒 −𝑥 + 2 ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑦 = −2𝑥 𝑒 −𝑥 − 2 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝑐

7. 𝒙 𝒚′ = 𝟒𝒚
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 = 4𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 −1 𝑑𝑦 = 4𝑥 −1 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑦 −1 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 4𝑥 −1 𝑑𝑥

𝑙𝑛 𝑦 = 4 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 + 4 𝑙𝑛 𝑐
𝑙𝑛 𝑦 = 4(𝑙𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑛 𝑐 )
𝑙𝑛 𝑦 = 4 ln 𝑐. 𝑥
ln 𝑦 = ln(𝑐. 𝑥)4
𝑦 = (𝑐. 𝑥)4 = 𝑦 = 𝑐 4 . 𝑥 4

𝒅𝒚
8. 𝒅𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙𝒚 = 𝟎

𝑑𝑦
= −2𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= −2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
1
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = − ∫ 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑦
2𝑥 2
ln 𝑦 = − +𝑐
2
ln 𝑦 = −𝑥 2 + 𝑐
2 +𝑐
𝑒 𝑙𝑛𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥
2 +𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥

𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥² + 𝑒 𝑐

𝑦 = 𝑐 𝑒 −𝑥²
 𝒅𝒚 𝒚𝟑
9.𝒅𝒙 = 𝒙²

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
=
𝑦ᶟ 𝑥²
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
∫ =∫
𝑦ᶟ 𝑥²

∫ 𝑦 −3 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

1
− 𝑦 2 = −𝑥 + 𝑐
2
𝑦 2 = 2𝑥 − 2𝑐

𝒅𝒙 𝒚+𝟏
10. 𝒅𝒚 = 𝒙

𝑢 =𝑦+1
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
=
𝑦+1 𝑥
1 1
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑦+1 𝑥
ln(𝑦 + 1) = ln|𝑥| + ln |𝑐|

𝑒 ln(𝑦+1) = 𝑒 ln|𝑥|+ln |𝑐|

𝑦+1=𝑥𝑐

𝒅𝒙 𝒙𝟐 𝒚²
11. 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟏+𝒙

1+𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑥²
1+𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑥²
1+𝑥
∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥²
1 3 1 𝑥
𝑦 = ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥
3 𝑥 𝑥
1 3
𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 −1 𝑑𝑥
3
1 3
𝑦 = −𝑥 −1 + ln 𝑥 + 𝑐
3
𝑦 3 = −3𝑥 −1 + 3 ln + 𝑐

𝒅𝒙 𝟏+𝟐𝒚𝟐
12. 𝒅𝒚 = 𝒚 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙

1 + 2𝑦 2
sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑦
1 + 2𝑦 2
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑦
1 2𝑦 2
∫ 𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑑𝑦 = − cos 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
ln 𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑐

𝒅𝒚
13. 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆𝟑𝒙+𝟐𝒚

𝑒 −2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑒 −2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑒 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥

1 1
− ∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
2 3
1 1
− 𝑒 −2𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝑐
2 3
−3𝑒 −2𝑦 = 2 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝑐

𝒅𝒚
14. 𝒆𝒙 𝒚 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆−𝒚 + 𝒆−𝟐𝒙−𝒚

𝑑𝑦
𝑒𝑥𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑦 (1 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 (1 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 )𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑦 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 (1 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
 1
𝑦. 𝑒 𝑦 ∫ 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = −𝑒 −𝑥 − 𝑒 −3𝑥 + 𝑐
3
1
𝑦 𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 − 𝑒 −3𝑥 + 𝑐
3

15. (𝟒𝒚 + 𝒚𝒙𝟐 )𝒅𝒚 − (𝟐𝒙 + 𝒙𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒙 = 𝟎

𝑢 = 𝑦²
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑢
= 𝑑𝑦
2𝑦
𝑦(4𝑦 + 𝑦𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥(2𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥
𝑦 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑥
2 + 𝑦² 4 + 𝑥²
𝑦 𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
2 + 𝑦² 4 + 𝑥²
1 𝑦 1 𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
2 2 + 𝑦² 2 4 + 𝑥²
1 1
ln(2 + 𝑦²) = ln(4 + 𝑥 2 ) + ln |𝑐|
2 2
2 𝑙𝑛(2 + 𝑦²) = 2 𝑙𝑛(4 + 𝑥 2 ). 𝑐
2 (2 + 𝑦²) = 2 (4 + 𝑥 2 ). 𝑐
𝑦 2 = (4 + 𝑥 2 ). 𝑐 − 2

16. (𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝒚²𝒅𝒙

1 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥
((1 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑦 2 (1 + 𝑥 2 ))𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥
(1 + 𝑥 2 ) + (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥
1 + 𝑦² 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑦² 1 + 𝑥²
1 + 𝑦² 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑦² 1 + 𝑥²
 1
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = tan−1 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦²
𝑦 − 𝑦 −1 = tan−1 𝑥 + 𝑐

1. (𝒙 − 𝒚)𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑦 = 𝑢. 𝑥
𝑥 = 𝑢. 𝑦
𝑦
𝑢=
𝑥
(𝑥 − 𝑢𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 (𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) = 0
𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑢𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑢 = 0
𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑢 = 0
𝑥𝑑𝑥 = −𝑥²𝑑𝑢
𝑥𝑑𝑥
= 𝑑𝑢
−𝑥²
𝑥𝑑𝑥
∫ = ∫ 𝑑𝑢
−𝑥²
− ln|𝑥| = 𝑢 + 𝑐
𝑥 ln|𝑥| + 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑥

3) 𝒙𝒅𝒙 + (𝒚 − 𝟐𝒙)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑦 = 𝑢𝑥
𝑥 = 𝑢𝑦
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑢
𝑦
𝑢=
𝑥
(𝑢. 𝑦)𝑢. 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦. 𝑑𝑢 + (𝑦 − 2(𝑢. 𝑦))𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑢2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑢𝑦 2 𝑑𝑢 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑢𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑢2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑢 𝑦 𝑑𝑢 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 − 2 𝑢 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0 ; 𝑦 ≠ 0
(𝑢2 − 2𝑢 + 1)𝑑𝑦 + 𝑢𝑦 𝑑𝑢 = 0
(𝑢 − 1)2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑢 𝑦 𝑑𝑢 = 0
𝑢 𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = ∫ −
(𝑢 − 1)² 𝑦
𝑢+1 𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = ∫ −
𝑢² 𝑦
1
∫ + 𝑢−² 𝑑𝑢 = − ln 𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑢
ln|𝑢| − 𝑢−1 = − ln 𝑦 + 𝑐
ln(𝑢 − 1) − (𝑢 − 1)−1 = − ln 𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑢 =𝑢−1
𝑢 =𝑢+1
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑢
𝑦 𝑦
ln ( − 1) − ( − 1)−1 = − ln 𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦−𝑦 𝑥 − 𝑦 −1
ln ( )−( ) = − ln 𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑦 𝑦
𝑦
ln(𝑥 − 𝑦) − ln 𝑦 − = − ln 𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑥−𝑦
𝑦
ln(𝑥 − 𝑦) − =𝑐
𝑥−𝑦
(𝑥 − 𝑦) ln(𝑥 − 𝑦) − 𝑦 = 𝑐 (𝑥 − 𝑦)
ECUACIONES EXACTAS

𝟐𝟑. 𝟒𝒙𝟑 𝒚 − 𝟏𝟓𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚 𝒅𝒙 + (𝒙𝟒 + 𝟑𝒚𝟐 − 𝒙)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

𝑑𝑓
= 4𝑥 3 − 1
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑓
= 4𝑥 3 − 1
𝑑𝑥

𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = ∫(𝑥 4 + 3𝑦 2 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑦 + 1 + (𝑥)

𝑑ℎ
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑦𝑥 4 − 𝑦 + = 4𝑥 3 𝑦 − 15𝑥 2 − 𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑ℎ
∫ = ∫ −15𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
−15𝑥 3
ℎ= +𝑐
3
𝑦𝑥 4 + 𝑦 3 − 𝑥𝑦 + 5𝑥 3 = 𝑐

25. (x+y)²dx+(2xy+x²-1)dy=0
2x+2y=2y+2x
F(x,y)= ∫(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + ℎ(𝑦)
𝑥3
+ 𝑦𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 2 + ℎ(𝑦)
3
𝑑𝑓 𝑑ℎ
= 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + = 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 2 − 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

∫ 𝑑ℎ = − ∫ 𝑑𝑦

h= -y (1,1)
𝑥3
+ 𝑦𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦 = 𝑐
3
1
+1+1−1=𝐶
3
1+3+3−3
=𝐶
3
4
=𝑐
3

27. (4y+2x-5)dx+(6y+4x-1)dy=0
4=4
F(x,y)= (4y + 2x − 5)dx + h(y)
=4xy+𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + ℎ(𝑦)
𝑑𝑓 𝑑ℎ
= 4𝑥 + = 6𝑦 + 4𝑥 − 1
𝑦 𝑦

∫ 𝑑ℎ = ∫(6𝑦 + 1)𝑑𝑦

H=3𝑦 2 − 𝑦 + 𝑐 (-1,2)
4xy+x²-5x+3y²-y=c
-3+1+5+12-2=C
C=8

31. (𝒚𝟑 + 𝒌𝒙𝒚𝟒 − 𝟐𝒙)𝒅𝒙 + (𝟑𝒙𝒚𝟐 + 𝟐𝟎𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟑 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

3𝑦 2 + 4𝑘𝑥𝑦 3 3𝑦 2 + 40𝑥𝑦 3 = 0
4k=40
K=10
F(x,y)=∫ 3𝑦 2 + 20𝑥𝑦 3 )𝑑𝑦 + ℎ(𝑥)
F=xyᶟ+5x²𝑦 4 + ℎ(𝑥)
𝑑𝑓 𝑑ℎ
= 𝑦 3 + 10𝑥𝑦 4 + = 𝑦 3 + 10𝑥𝑦 4 − 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

∫ 𝑑ℎ = ∫ −2𝑥𝑑𝑥

H=-x²+c
xyᶟ+5x²+𝑦 4 − 𝑥 2 = 𝐶

33. (2x𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚𝒆𝒙 )𝒅𝒙 + (𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝒚 + 𝒌𝒆𝒙 − 𝟏)𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

4xy+𝑒 𝑥 = 4𝑥𝑦 + 𝑘𝑒 𝑥
k𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑒𝑥
k=𝑒 𝑥 = 1

𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = ∫(2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 + ℎ (𝑦)

𝑓 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 + ℎ(𝑦)
𝑑𝑓 𝑑ℎ
= 2𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 + = 2𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥 − 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

∫ 𝑑ℎ = − ∫ 𝑑𝑦

H=-y
𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝑐

ECUACIONES LINEALES
𝒅𝒓
21. 𝒅ꝋ + 𝒓 𝐬𝐞𝐜 ꝋ = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 ꝋ

=𝑒 ∫ sec 𝑥 𝑑ꝋ
= 𝑒 ln sec 𝑥+tan 𝑥
= sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥
𝑑𝑟
sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥 + 𝑟 (𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 + sec 𝑥 . tan 𝑥 ) = 1 + sin 𝑥
𝑑ꝋ
𝑑𝑟
∫ [𝑟. sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥 ] = ∫(1 + sin 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
𝑑ꝋ
𝑟. (sec 𝑥 + 𝑡𝑛 𝑥 ) = ꝋ − cos ꝋ + 𝑐

𝒅𝒚
23. 𝒙. 𝒅𝒙 + (𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏)𝒚 = 𝒆−𝟑𝒙

𝑑𝑦 (3𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑒 −3𝑥
+ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑒 3𝑥 . 𝑥 + (3𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝑒 3𝑥 ). 𝑦 − 𝑒 −3𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 3𝑥
[(𝑒 . 𝑥). 𝑦] = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
33𝑥 . 𝑥. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑐
1 𝑐
𝑥= 3𝑥
+ 3𝑥
𝑒 𝑒 𝑥

𝒅𝒚
25. 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝒆𝒙

𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑒 𝑥
+ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
μ(x)=𝑒 ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
1
𝜇(𝑥) = 𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥
μ(𝑥) = 𝑒 ln 𝑥+𝑐
𝜇(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦
𝑥. + 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
+ =0 𝑦𝑐 = 𝑐𝑒 − ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 𝑣
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

1
𝑦𝑐 = 𝑐𝑒 −∫𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑐
𝑦𝑐 = 𝑦𝑐 = 𝑐𝑒 − ln 𝑥
𝑥

𝑒𝑥
𝑟𝑝 =
𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑦𝑐 + 𝑟𝑝
𝑐 𝑒𝑥
𝑦= +
𝑥 𝑥
𝑐𝑒 𝑥
𝑦=
𝑥

𝒅𝒚
3. 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝒆𝟑𝒙
𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥 = 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑢(𝑥) = 𝑒 3𝑥 = 𝑢(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 ′ + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 ′ = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑒 3𝑥
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 ′ + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 ′ = 𝑒 4𝑥
(𝑒 𝑥 𝑦)′= 𝑒 4𝑥

𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = ∫ 𝑒 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥

1
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 4𝑥 + 𝑐
4
1 3𝑥
𝑦= 𝑒 + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑥
4

5.𝒚′ + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐
P(x)=3𝑥 2

𝜇(𝑥) = ∫ 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

1 3
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 . (3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
3
1 𝑥3
𝑒
3
2 3 3
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 ′ + 3𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥
3
∫(𝑒 𝑥3 𝑦)′ = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥

2 3
𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

3 1 3
𝑒𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥 + 𝑐
3
1 3
𝑦= + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑥
3