Acrylic Fiber

POLYMER SYSTEM OF ACRYLIC:

Acrylic fibers are polymers formed by addition polymerization of at least 85%

by weight of a chemical called acrylonitrile or vinyl chanide. To polymerise
vinyl cyanide the double bond (= =) between the first two carbon atoms is
broken and the molecules attach themselves to each other in a linear chain.

*DP 2000, Length 500nm, longest manmade fiber.

*Co-monomers –acrylamide, methacrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyledene chloride.

*70-80% crystalline, 30-20%Amorphus, excellent alignment orientation.

FLOW CHAT OF PRODUCTION ACRYLIC:

Ethylene

↓
(Add Hocl acid)

Ethylene chlordane

↓
(Add NaoH)

Ethylene onide

↓
(Add Hydro cyanic(HCN)

Cyano Alcohol

↓
(Dehydrated)

Acrylonitrile (Monomer)

↓
(polymerization)

Poly acrylonitrile resine

↓
(Add solvents )

Filter

↓
Dry spinning
Physical properties of acrylic:

Tenacity - 2 – 3.6 gm/den (dry)

1.6 – 27 gm/den (wet)

Elongation – 20 – 55 % (staple)

30 -36% (filament)

MR% - 1.0 -3.0 %

Specific gravity – 1.16-1.18

Chemical properties:

Acid – Damaged by strong concentrate acid and Acrylic has good-to-excellent

resistance to strong mineral acids as well as organic acids.

Alkali – Acrylic has fair to good resistance to weak alkalies and to strong
alkalis at room temperature

Bleach – Resistance to oxides solvent

Organic solvent –In mildew may form on But surface, But it will have no
effect on fabric. In insects acrylic is unaffected by mother.
Light – Acrylic has resistance to light. Its extreme resistance to such
degradation makes it especially useful for fabrics that will be exposed to
sunlight for an extended period of time. .

Heat – Acrylic fiber gets tacky at 4550F (2350C) which is slightly above that of
nylon. At higher temperatures, it will melt.

Dye – Some times of acrylic are specific to acid dyes and some to basic dyes.