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1.1 A volcanic sensitive clay was tested in the laboratory providing the following
values: γn = 12.8 kN/m3, γs = 27.5 kN/m3, e = 9.0, w = 311%, Sr = 95%. The value of
one of these parameters is inconsistent with the others. Find the inconsistent parameter
and give its correct value.
1.2 The unit weight of the solid particles of one sample of sand is 26.8 kN/m3. The void
ratio is 0.58. Obtain the dry and saturated unit weights of this sand.
1.3 Consider a soil sample that has been fabricated in the following way: a static load is
applied to a mix of water with a dry powder of solid particles without allowing drainage
(i.e. without allowing water loss in the process). Which is the minimum void ratio that
can be obtained in this way knowing that the weight of water in the mix is 8% of the
weight of the dry powder and that the unit weight of the powder particles is 26.5
kN/m3?
Show for each case whether there are missed or extra data.
1.5 A soil used in the construction of a highway embankment has the following
properties: γn = 17.7 kN/m3, γd = 15 kN/m3. From previous tests, it was known that the
specific weight of the solid particles 27 kN/m3. Calculate:
a) Water content
b) Saturated unit weight
c) Submerged unit weight
d) Void ratio
e) Porosity
f) Degree of saturation
g) Weight of water needed to completely saturate a volume of 1000 cm3
h) Water content of this sample when saturated
1.6 One Kg of saturated clay soil (unit weight of solid particles = 27 kN/m3), with an
initial water content of 30%, loses 100 g of its weight through evaporation. If the
shrinkage limit of that soil is 10%, which will be the degree of saturation and final
volume of the soil?
1.7 A cylindrical simple of a fully saturated soil is placed in a consolidation apparatus.
The cross-section has an area of 100 cm2, which is kept constant during the test. During
consolidation the sample is compressed from an initial height of 3.81 cm to a final
height of 3.048 cm. If the natural water content before the test was 31.4% and the dry
weight after the test was 561.8 g, calculate: a) initial void ratio, b) final void ratio, c)
unit weight of solid particles.
Note: Consolidation of a soil consists in the removal of part of the water from the soil’s
pores, therefore reducing the volume of the pores because of the applied load.
1.8 Find the relationship between the dry unit weight, the degree of saturation, the
natural water content and the unit weight of the solid particles. Represent graphically
the natural water content vs. dry unit weight relationship for a soil with γs =26.5 kN/m3,
for degrees of saturation of 80% and 100%.
1.9 A cylinder contains 500 cm3 of dry sand that weights 750 g. After applying a static
load of 200 kPa the volume reduces by 1%. Later the cylinder is vibrated, thus reducing
the volume by 10% with respect to the initial 500 cm3. Assume γs = 26.5 kN/m3.
Calculate the void ratio, the porosity and the dry unit weight at each of the following
stages: a) original, b) after the static load, c) after vibration.
1.10 The figure represents the grain-size distribution curve of a soil A. A new soil, B, is
made starting from A by removing all particles with sizes larger than D80.
a) Obtain and draw the grain-size distribution curve of soil B.
b) How does the coefficient of uniformity coefficient change from A to B?
100
% pass
50
0
10 5 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 D (mm)
1.11 The figure represents the grain-size distribution curve of a sand with gravel. After
sieving, all particles with sizes between 2 and 4 mm are removed, resulting in a new
soil. Draw the grain-size distribution curve of the new soil.
1.12 To determine the shrinkage limit of a clay soil (γs = 26.5 kN/m3), a saturated
sample is dried completely. After drying, the weight and volume of the sample are W =
125 g, V = 59.7 cm3. Find the shrinkage limit.
Mecànica de sòls — 2015/2016
EXERCICIS — Tema 1
1.1 Una arcilla sensitiva de origen volcánico fue ensayada en laboratorio y proporcionó
los valores γn = 12.8 kN/m3, γs = 27.5 kN/m3, e = 9.0, w = 311%, Sr = 95%. Uno de
estos valores es inconsistente con el resto. Encontrarlo y dar el valor correcto.
1.2 Una arena tiene unas partículas sólidas de peso específico 26.8 kN/m3. Su índice de
poros es 0.58. Calcule el peso específico de la arena cuando está seca y saturada
1.3 Considérese una muestra de suelo que se fabrica de la forma siguiente: se aplica una
carga estática a una mezcla de polvo (seco) de partículas sólidas y agua sin permitir el
drenaje (es decir, sin permitir que se pierda agua en el proceso). ¿Cuál es el índice de
poros mínimo que se puede obtener de esta manera sabiendo que el peso de agua que se
mezcla es del 8% del peso de polvo seco y que el peso específico de las partículas de
polvo es de 26.5 kN/m3?
Nota: El proceso de consolidación del suelo se produce al expulsar parte del agua de la
muestra de suelo, reduciéndose el tamaño de los poros por efecto de la aplicación de la
carga.
1.8 Determine la relación que existe entre el peso específico seco, el grado de
saturación, la humedad natural y el peso específico de las partículas. Dibuje la curva:
humedad natural (abscisas) – peso específico seco (ordenadas), para un suelo con γs
=26.5 kN/m3, con grados de saturación 80% y 100%.
1.10 Un cilindro contiene 500 cm3 de arena seca que pesa 750 g, y tras aplicar una
carga estática de 200 kPa el volumen se reduce un 1%. Posteriormente, sometiendo el
cilindro a vibración, el volumen se reduce un 10% respecto al inicial de 500 cm3.
Suponga γs = 26.5 kN/m3. Calcule el índice de poros, porosidad y peso específico seco
correspondiente a los casos: a) original, b) después de aplicar la carga estática, c)
después de aplicar la vibración.
100
% pasa
50
0
10 5 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 D (mm)
1.11 La figura representa la curva granulométrica de una arena con grava. Tras un
tamizado se hacen desaparecer todos los tamaños entre 2 y 4 mm, originando un nuevo
suelo. Dibuja la curva granulométrica de este nuevo suelo.
1.12 Para determinar el límite de retracción de un suelo arcilloso (γs = 26.5 kN/m3), se
toma una muestra saturada y se seca completamente. Una vez seco se pesa y se
determina su volumen, resultando W = 125 g, V = 59.7 cm3. Encontrar el límite de
retracción.