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Solved Examples of Kinetic Theory of
Gases
Problem 1 (JEE Main):
Calculate the number of molecules in 2 106 m3 of a perfect gas at
27°C and at a pressure of 0.01 m of mercury. Mean K.E of a
molecule at 27°C = 4 1011 J and g = 9.8 ms2.
Solution:
P = (1/3) (M/V) C2 or PV = (1/3) MC2
But M = (m) (n)
Where ‘m’ is mass of one molecule and n is the number of molecules.
PV = (1/3) (m) C2
n = 3PV/mC2 = [3/2 PV] / [(1/2) mC2]
V = 2 106 m3 = 1332.8 Nm2
½ mc2 = 4 1011J
Thus from the above observation we conclude that, the number of
molecules would be 9.996 107.
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Problem 2:
You are throwing a birthday party and decide to fill the room with
helium balloons. You also want to have a few larger balloons to put at
the door. The smaller balloons are filled occupy 0.240 m 3 when the
pressure inside them is 0.038 atm and the temperature of the room is
70° F. What pressure should you fill the larger balloons to so that they
occupy 0.400 m3?
Solution:
The temperature of the room is assumed to be held constant, so it is
extraneous information. Since you are dealing with volume and
pressure, you would use Boyle's Law.
In accordance to data,
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3/16/2016 Kinetic Theory of Gases Solved Examples | askIITians
P1= 0.038 atm, V1= 0.240 m3
V2=0.400 m3
We have to find out V2.
Substitute the vale of P1, V1 and V2 in equation P1V1=P2V2
P1V1=P2V2
(0.038 atm)(0.240 m3) = P2(0.400 m3)
0.00912 = 0.400 P2 (units cancel out so that pressure will be
in atm)
P2 = 0.0228 atm
From the above observation we conclude that, the pressure would
be 0.0228 atm.
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Problem 3:
Find the RMS speed of a sample of neon gas at 80° F.
Solution:
First convert Fahrenheit to Celsius.
°C = (°F 32)/1.8
= (80 32)/1.8
= 48/1.8
= 26.6
Convert Celsius to Kelvin.
K = °C + 273.15
= 26.6 + 273.15
= 299.75 K
Substitute the known information into the equation for RMS speed
and solv, we get,.
vrms = √3RT/Mx
= √3(8.3144) (299.75)/ (20.179)
= 19.2 m/s
From the above observation we conclude that, the RMS speed of a
sample of neon gas at 80° F would be 19.2 m/s.
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