CHAPTER A 29

jt1
'*:, BASIC SENTENCE PATTERI{S
Sentence q6{-S el+11-T{ {C\5
eltK; 4-q\5 \eTC!a{ Pattern <I Q-+tft< <f<-q <t
utlqe <s qfc{ q64'g ef+fa r ft-q Senience 'f}q +-*m ss-+rorEt ffifr-o (basic)
ql[q | €srEK q(r{I'i q<qqFE qtre <]Tj
"I{fimTq< E]-<t<V <V
<1 'fb4
s-d Cs I qerElfs {6{ Basic Sentence Pattern <l <lsl dC{< dfr-$ +$nsl i

FKr athnt erEI RgIRs q1.r454l s-{l qrel t

Basic Pattern , f NP+Vi or Int.V

INP+Vi tnt.Vl
"t
qdR .{ q{c{< <lrsi-uUi*t frcqm n*- { pronoun 'q<i EK "R qFF
intransitive verb alrs I 6{IF{ She dances. €{ft-{ dance-verbft< 6{FT objeci
3

5Q; intransitive verb fi6E 45q \51 slEg.lr< slls "lT<TaI €R patternfr ccTq {<||
{I6E r (Verb-9{IlcT( intransitive verb sectionfr{$r{ECTcq l)
€Kl3l Pattem-1 q< Tl'l-sfr €El-q<ct cqq 3
NP (Noun/Pronoun) Noun Phrase Int.V(Intransitive Verb)
The sun (srqs E{).
Fire burns (q-ce).
They cry"
He runs.
The sun sets (sr-s <lS).

The baby shouted @s+f< +mRel.

He is walking (qDrS).

P TC-{t"11-{
qRs s-{F <-?1 I

IEXERCISEIl.
s'
Tqffi fiP1lni.V qs'cai vttf $'6 ffi"l I

1. Roses bloom (c{lclflglFil CTll6)2. The moon sets' 3' water boils' 4
- is weeping.
She 5. The wind is blowing'
qtR 'ft': qRr-ql E{ T-<'F c+T{ El csr{ B-€.{
i. tnui (E{in =fli)" fus
4€{l qK, cqqq, I eat rice. ft<<t I see (qlfr cqlii) r q=lfr{e "olrs" <T "ft"
m{itl-q? cg sKrq Be-'.< "nrrxt {R. cqrq, I see him. €? rice €(( him {ffil
 524 A passage to the English Language
{aff@Il eat (R( see verb-{'frt oblect. sl{f,e verb
E'fr qCfi transitive
(Tsf-$, slr.iT{<t objectslre). frq t
so (.$R qtE) | €?lr; q|fr
.ft" *tr*
q? E{ <rycq csr* E€-{ cr q.l r qffr .cstqm- ;c${'<tQ
sR qom er1< E-s<
effals flrc< | ftE'ft" 'bm"-qt qq< es< c-fFr
verb f+c" {Rre? rr.*
transitive verb, Ct6{ s'l ER intransitive verb (q'ffi fut). W<q €{lf{
-*
go
qe-{llnt. V.
a-{-< $9l1rffi-$Lqqi-{ "q{" s.<\ .t-sc<<" TI{16{ ETtci s< c{ RcD<
verb eFT
intrnsitive. (a) She dances. (b) Mother talks. (c) The old man praitres.
" :,.ii (Tsrs s-{ce).
:l:;

Basic Patte- E 'E-+leTNpi

q{1[-{ NP1
EIfi )q Noun il Pronoun/Noun phr6ss GIrl-{ g
He
be {lC{ amlis/was/\ere . ., KrF[ B b
NP1 qk{ $ Noun <f Pronoun. CT{{ B a doctor
EIET{ €R paftern .f{ s'sF<ffi
"fl& 3 He is a doctor.
s"Rs $r-TsDEqlq{q fi{ s

piayers.
a lawyer
l/\^\
(\rl+61).
a nurse.
a farmer.
a poet.
a clerk.
teachers.

EXERCISE i S1r<-< taUteF< rc q--sF- ruUf

"
G sr< TFII6{ wor
<frcq fic6< <l$lsrEt qlqls s
1. I am a player. 2. She is my sister. 3. Biva will be a doctor. 4. cats
are animals. 5. You are mv brother.

Basic pattern t Fp+be+Adj|

B
qqIF, Np {FTl Noun ?tl pronun, 6{:Ft B She
Rffl
be am, is, are, was, were, shall,/will be RT{ s b
Ad;" qql Adjective, 6:FI B beautiful
El"qcq qFtr BqlE{"t c'iETlq s She is beautiful. (Adjective_Flr+
<cq EI sfr
vlEl s'C< qr{ nt $rs El{lF Adjective-q{Ilcfir Sq{ 9{sltr flr-s
_--5
{t\3 l)
q<l{ paftern-q< iFGf{lE Sql{<cl 6q"l
'qq r
 Grammar : Basic Sentence Patterns 525
NP be-verb Adj
am ls ate was wete shall tre witrl be
I he pen 1S blue.
She is kind(Esl{).
i an afraid (Qs).
You are uou ffqft).
He was rude(frf<).
They were absent($fu).
I shall be busy ({r!5).
jd;n He will be hanou-

EXERCISE i s"rC<-< W-+-< rE q-mF e--S rSd il+]strllq(g qfql\3 |

1. He was wise (wrft). 2.The fox is clever (Eii'fi-s). 3; My shirt is

white. 4. The poem is interesting (Tffi). 5. He willbe famous (R"'fie) 6.
The dog is faithful (fr'fs)" 7.The earth is round {c{tEfsR). 8. Man i
mortal (51-{"ftq.)
2. 1qq qrfi-{ <ltrtslER-s fr[rf pattern q{{lft ql&-C$ Interrogative-€
ffi-<ffi a-{ q<(<t(ili qd aEq c
Interrogativn, lBe+NP+Abj?]
REF[, Is he wise? (cn ft Wftl)
,!r<f{ & a1-6prn'ffi frCD-it structurn q*slft xle-c{ negative-€ s"flgRio
s"{!
Negative , E!:11:t4!l]qT)
(fi wlft
[{:F{ 3 He is not wise.
q<T< .CTe qfsl'€rF"ff$ frau< structure$$|fr 5T&1{ negati,re-
interrogative-.C oiq"<ffis 4-{ c
Neg-Intenogative' E *lltglj4gjti
cq:FI 3 is he not wise? (fr ft e'tft qTr)
Negative ts Negative{nterrogative <fsIsIqR Tc{i' qlefsl ftl osl{f< E-s{
atJ-cs TaTs r

Interrogative € Negaiive-lnterrogative <l+lqC{IR qX$ ft "tif+i e$l

s-fs-Q?

Pattern E fNPl+LV+Ni
{tlltrt, NP1 $fr1 Nounil Pronoun, 6{:l{ 3 She
LV qfqT Linking verb. ff5Fl 3 will become
Nt{fff
Subject-4{ complemerrt : a doctor
g.fqffi ,ss$ Sdq{q fllsHl cttE s She will become a doctor.
 526 A passage to the English Language

Linking verb (tt( complement TIf$TFIsli.lqt{6{ pattern Fstqg'I(<

il I {E{t( verb-q$IC$ copulative verb_4? fr6F 5u[jg611ys
C{[:ll.I TIC{
complement s?r( q€ E{il-C{ linking verb rlltcfi. 9|[V ;tf€ qFfmfr
q?F{t
I +<k ors
flWqqBft r

{i pattern-qilqm\e srT-sF EqI{{"1 ch"t e

His son will become an engineer.

I shall become a doctor.
I he tin grew hot.
He remained (<Il FnxRq) a fool (c{lsl).
He turned (<*fiLsRq) a thief.

EXERCISE1 firu-s q1-qq1;ql g"fLT< I\e- qsF e-s dfs E-tT\5

qT{sr{rTlql€ R-{ Np1, LV, N1 qr{lqqln afirs
I

1. She appears (6htcn IIq,qS) a dancer.

2. They have become doctors. 3. He turned a poet. 4. you
have
remained a beggar (gF qssiq ftao <m crtn r)
2. U'|C-T< <fSjqfElfS Ne gative, Interrogative, € Ne g ative _lnte
rro g ative
<tcol tRtss-< r

Basic patter"
E
q{IG{, NP {6f,T Noun il pronoun,
NP+iV;Adji
6{:Ft 3We
LV qr4t Linking verb, C$Ft 3 look (ch"tF Tc+ <t r)
Ad;. qCfl Adjective, (qA4 3 tired ($te)
vl{CE qq pattern-(3tr eeB SER{"f e1€{l crlE :
We look tired (q6lcq-fr$
F fs ffi{lTq r) pattern-4-q LV qqcr ffi.F{l' crs{.| qR(q
r LV_s}s-v-K4l
T61l alf$fE pattern-4-St reference E{qtr< eip r

gksEqR<q 3
NP LV Adj.
She looks nice (Xr4-s;.
Biva has become happy.
We grew tired.
He went (qc* l@q; mad.
It (.{ik-$) seems (TrT Rn) easy (+{w)
Every thing proved worthless (Fifu).
The baby got hungry (Tq-r).
qlc{l slq\ tll-{
{n|l56 utsr u1-q6q frr6< exerctse s<
"><er"i.;E
 Grammar : Basic Sentence Patterns 527

EXERCISEI A. E'fl'{< qr<t< nle Ssfr S-$ Tl$jerql

qfqle t

1. She appears mad.2. The scheme proved lucrative (EIgqT{). 3.

They grew thirsty. 4. She got ready. 5. Girls look beaufiful.
B. frcD <tsi Et< q{, Ettr paftem ft ftr crcrqt 6{q I qq pattern
{F<
w<l "tlqt6 ftr
<foqTDqFls 1. He became a doctor.
2. He became tired.
.j; Ans.pattern4€5 m{t
Basic pattetn lO! 1+ I r.V.+
q{l6{, NPt {f,fl Noun Tl Pronoun, CtiT{ 3He
Tr.V. {f{I Transitive Verb, C{{{ 3 eats
NP2 q6q1 Direct objeot, Noun (l Pron. f,{:l;t 3 rice.
gRfq qSF E'qR{"f elt€gl crlE B He eats rice. (lntransitive €{(
Transitive
verb CF-{I{ qF u'qSA'f{ qSE flqB pattern-1-€K exercise-{itr qT( €fCH CQ-ST
qc-slq I qRFq-{r<lc< q{F "tw {t\3 t)
,{?116{ :{(ISCal <fE <l{l qfEt CT transitive verb- €it 'lFi object TC{ r Npz _

I 6{R object. sl Pattern ft s-{r;fref efslrl

qt<s EqI{<q
-structure-€Tl r

NPr NPz
I saw olro.
She killed the rat.
Mita is cooking rtce.
Ripon will play football.
Biihi has broken (Cvcslq) the glass.
Jesmine has been reading a book.
Roni drinks water.
q<I{ ];li:b3 evprciqe 1E 6:

qlqls r

1. I ate rice. 2. You saw a man. 3. I shall meet (ITFI9 F{l) you. 4.
She is making tea. 5. They will help us. 6. She drew (droFe) a pictr_rre.
7. They will be sowing (fijll) seeds (frw) r

B. frru-{<TsiEt {g s
1. She laughs. 2. She makes tea.
<l+i?t< pattern ft ftr
eQ paftem qfr< x<i' {?t$j ftr
C. Tense-E{Ilc{ R&n tense-€il rfb* cqrft' ffir+Rro, r.[q qtcq vr fi-cb<
<foEF'igr 1. I eat rice.
2. They kill the rats.