Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient For Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger

Heat Exchanger CM3215 Lecture Morrison 11/5/2014
CM3215
Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory
Overall Heat Transfer

Coefficient for Double-Pipe
Heat Exchanger
Professor Faith Morrison

Department of Chemical Engineering
Michigan Technological University
© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.
CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory
hot side
Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers
cold
side
•Simplest type of
heat exchanger
•Total heat
T1 less hot
transferred
proportional to the
log-mean
temperature T1 T2
difference
cold less cold
•Counter-current
shown; co-current
also possible T2
hot
1

T1 less hot
Steady state macroscopic T1 T2

energy balance on: cold less cold
•Inside
•Outside
T2
hot
•Overall
Covered in CM3110 Transport

Processes I

T1 less hot
T1 T2
cold less cold
T2
hot
Δ Δ
• driving force for heat transfer

• Δ varies down the length of the heat exchanger (HE)
• Amount of heat transferred varies down the length of the HE
2
Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers T1 less hot
T1 T2
• driving force for heat cold less cold
transfer T2
• Δ varies down the length of

hot
Δ Δ
the heat exchanger (HE)
• Amount of heat transferred
varies down the length of the
HE
The overall heat The correct average

transferred is driving force (as we
governed by the average show in CM3110) is the
driving force, Δ log mean
Comes from considering
the energy balances)
Log Mean Driving Force The overall heat

transferred is governed
by the log mean driving
force
Driving Driving
temperature temperature
difference at the difference at the
left side of heat right side of heat
exchanger exchanger
Tlm 
T1 T1   T2  T2 
T   T 
Note: the log-mean
average temperature
ln 1 1
T2  T2  driving force will be a
number between these
two T’s
3

T1
• Total Heat Transferred given by T1 T2
• The HE is characterized by its overall

heat transfer coefficient, T2
Δ
2 Δ
≡
Δ
Where do we get ?
From the Equipment Schedule
(see website):
4
We will record data (and first calculations) on the white

board in class – be prepared to do so
• Temperatures
• ΔT
• Heat flow (steam side)
• Heat flow (water side)
• , water side
• , steam side
Answer the SurveyMonkey (or Google forms) to submit your

data – be prompt!
How do we measure ?
• Temperatures Two ways:

• ΔT • Water side
• Steam side
• Perform Macroscopic Energy
• Balances to obtain
, water side
• , steam side
Answer the SurveyMonkey (or Google forms) to submit your

data – be prompt!
5
How do we measure ?
• Temperatures Two ways:

• ΔT • Water side
• Steam side
• Perform Macroscopic Energy
• Balances to obtain
, water side
• , steam side
Macro-E-Balance comes from CM2110 and CM2120;
see Answer the SurveyMonkey
our handout page for(or
Dr.Google forms) toE-
Morrison’s submit your
Balance
data – be prompt!
Notes: www.chem.mtu.edu/~fmorriso/cm310/Energy_Balance_Notes_2008.pdf
Report 6: Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient for Double-Pipe Heat

Exchanger
•Pump water through inner pipe of double-pipe heat exchanger

•Flow steam through outer pipe of double-pipe heat exchanger
•Allow to come to steady state (monitor; prove steady state)
•Measure appropriate temperatures, flow rates and replicates
•Share raw data with classmates; use all data from your lab
station across 5 lab sections
•Calculate and report overall heat transfer coefficient; use two
different methods
•Report the process of achieving steady state
•Address all objectives in assignment memo
6
Pneumatic Valve Position
Note: The position of the valve stem is read from a set of

notches based on 1/8th distance per notch:
(compare to a x= fraction open

12 inch ruler)
8
8 7
CLOSED
6 8
8 (5.5)/8ths open
5
4 8
8 3
2 8
8
1
8
0
7
Prelab Assignment:
• Review the following: concept of the double-pipe heat exchanger, the

overall heat transfer coefficient, logarithmic mean temperature
difference and purpose and operation of steam traps.
• Calculate the heat transfer area of the double pipe heat exchanger in
the lab. Base your calculation on the outside area of the inside pipe.
• Fit the latent heat of vaporization of steam over a reasonable
temperature range (near atmospheric pressure) to an empirical
function
• Be prepared to make some trial calculations
• Prepare a safety section

Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient For Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger

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Heat Exchanger CM3215 Lecture Morrison 11/5/2014

Overall Heat Transfer

Professor Faith Morrison

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers

Steady state macroscopic T1 T2

Covered in CM3110 Transport

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers

• driving force for heat transfer

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers T1 less hot

• Δ varies down the length of

The overall heat The correct average

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

Log Mean Driving Force The overall heat

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

• Total Heat Transferred given by T1 T2

• The HE is characterized by its overall

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

We will record data (and first calculations) on the white

Answer the SurveyMonkey (or Google forms) to submit your

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

• Temperatures Two ways:

Answer the SurveyMonkey (or Google forms) to submit your

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

• Temperatures Two ways:

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

Report 6: Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient for Double-Pipe Heat

•Pump water through inner pipe of double-pipe heat exchanger

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

Pneumatic Valve Position

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

Note: The position of the valve stem is read from a set of

(compare to a x= fraction open

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

CM3215 Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Laboratory

• Review the following: concept of the double-pipe heat exchanger, the

© Faith A. Morrison, Michigan Tech U.

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