MATH 135 Fall 2018: Assignment 1 Due at 8:25 a.m.

on Wednesday, September 19, 2018

It is important that you read the assignment submission instructions and suggestions available on LEARN.

1. (a) Let P and Q be statement variables. Prove that (¬(P =⇒ ¬Q)) 6≡ (¬P =⇒ Q).
(b) Let A, B and C be statement variables. Use a truth table to prove that

A ∨ ¬(¬A =⇒ (B ∧ C)) ≡ A ∨ ¬(B ∧ C).

2. Let A, B and C be statement variables. Prove that (A ∨ ¬B) =⇒ ¬C is logically equivalent to

¬(C ∧ A) ∧ (¬C ∨ B).

3. Let x and y be integers. Consider the following implication S:

If x is even and y is odd, then x + y is odd.

(a) State the hypothesis of S.

(b) State the conclusion of S.
(c) State the converse of S.
(d) State the contrapositive of S.
(e) State the negation of S in a form that does not contain an implication.

4. State the negation of the following statements without using words or the ¬ symbol.

(a) ∃x ∈ R, ∀y ∈ R, 5x + 3y 6= 8
(b) ∀n ∈ N, ∃k ∈ R, (k 2 = n) ∧ (k > 0)
 

5. Write the following statements symbolically. Do not use any words. The first statement is false and
the second statement is true but this is irrelevant to your answer.

(a) Every integer is a multiple of 3.

(b) There is a smallest natural number.

6. Determine whether the following statements are true or false. No justification is needed.

(a) ∀x ∈ Z, x2 − 8x + 16 > 0.
(b) ∃x ∈ Q, 2x − 3 = 4
(c) ∃x ∈ Q, x2 − 2x = 5 − 2(x + 1)
(d) ∀x ∈ R, (x2 < 0) =⇒ (x4 = 1)
 

(e) ∀x ∈ R, (x2 = 4) =⇒ (x = 2)
 

7. Determine whether the following statements are true or false. No justification is needed.
x
(a) ∀x ∈ R, ∃y ∈ R, =1
y
(b) ∃x ∈ R, ∀y ∈ R, 5x + 3y =
6 8
(c) ∃x ∈ R, ∀y ∈ R, cos(2y) − 2 cos2 (y) = x − 2
(d) ∀s ∈ R, ∃t ∈ R, log3 t + log27 t = s
(e) ∃a ∈ Z, ∀b ∈ Z, ∃c ∈ Z, b = ac