Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

Uruhare rwa Gahunda Mbonezamikurire y’Abana bato mu iterambere ryu Rwanda

Muturere 13 twatoranijwe gukorerwamo ubushakashatsi “Nyabihu, Rutsiro, Rubavu,
Ngororero, Rusizi, Karongi, Nyamagabe, Nyaruguru, Huye, Ruhango, Kayonza,
Bugesera na Gakenke”

Email:nayisengadrianos@gmail.com,nayisengadrianos@yahoo.com.
Tel:+250784296338,+250722172832

Umwanditsi:Bwana Nzayisenga adrien

 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

1. Amateka kuri politiki Mbonezamikurire y’Abana

Muri ibi bihe, Imigabane yose igize uyu mubumbe dutuye yahagarukiye gushyira mu
bikorwa gahunda mbonezamikurire yabana bato nkuko byagaragajwe na banki yisi
muri raporo ihererutse gushyira ahagaragara mumwaka w’2017. Mu myaka 18 ishize
hakozwe ubushakashatsi butandukanye kuri gahunda mbonezamikurire yabana bato.
Bwagaragaje ko ifite uruhare rukomeye cyane, mu gutegura ejo hazaza hezo h’ibihugu
kuko itegura abaturage bashoboye gukora bagateza imbere ibihugu byabo.

Nta gahunda mbonezamikurire yabana bato nta terambere rirambye kandi rigera kuri
bose ndetse byinshi mubihugu biri kuri uyu mubumbe byakomeza kwibasirwa
nubukene bukabije no kurera abantu badafite ubushobozi bwo kugira icyo bazamarira
uyu mubumbe ejo hazaza. Imibare yashyizwe ahagaragara na Banki y’Isi mu Kwakira
2017, yagaragaje ko mu bihugu bikennye n’ibifite ubukungu buciriritse (low and
middle-income countries), abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu bangana na miliyoni 250
badafite amahirwe ahagije yo gukura neza kubera ibibazo by’ubukene n’imirire mibi
benshi muri aba bana ntibabona n’amahirwe yo kwiga.

Ku rwego rw’Isi, kimwe cyakabiri cy’abana bafite imyaka iri hagati y’itatu n’itandatu
nibo bonyine bajya mu mashuri y’incuke. Mu bihugu bikennye, umwana umwe kuri
batanu niwe ufite amahirwe yo kwiga muri aya mashuri, nkuko tubikesha raporo
yashyizwe ahagaragara na Banki y’Isi muri 2017.

Ubushakashatsi nakoze bugaragaza kandi ko kimwe cya gatatu (1/3) cy’abana bo ku

mugabane w’Afurika bagwingiye cyane cyane Afurika iri munsi y’ubutayu bwa sahara,
nkuko bigaragazwa na benshi mubashakashatsi bo kuri uyu magabane ko nokubona
ifunguro ry’umunsi ari iyanga kubenegihugu batuye muri ibi bihugu biri munsi
y’ubutayu bwa sahara bigatuma abana benshi bicwa n’irungu ndtese na bwaki. Mu
Rwanda, imibare ya Minisiteri y’Uburezi yo mu 2017 igaragaza ko abana 20,6% bari
hagati y’imyaka itatu n’itandatu aribo bagana amashuri y’incuke. Ku birebana n’u
Rwanda, ubushakashatsi ku mibereho y’ingo buheruka gukorwa mu mwaka wa 2014-
2015 (DHS) bwagaragaje ko mu Rwanda abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu bagwingiye
bari ku kigereranyo cya 38%, kivuye kuri 44% mu 2010. Haseguriwe ibyagaragajwe
mu gika cyakabiri cyubu bushakashatsi ibihugu bidashyize imbaraga mu mikurire
myiza y’abana bato harimo n’uRwanda icyizere cyo kugera kwiterambere rirambye
cyagenda kiyoyoka.

Ibibazo bigenda bigaruka mu miryango y’abanyarwanda birimo, amakimbirane

mumiryango, abana barerwa nabakozi bo murugu aho kurerwa n’ababyeyi kubera
 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

imirimo, isuku nke, kudaha umwana umutekano n’ubwisanzure mu muryango biri mu

bibangamira imikurire myiza y’abana bato mu gihagararo, mu bwenge, imikurire no
mu myigire. Imibare yavuye mu bushakashatsi nakoze ku mibereho y’ingo mu Rwanda
muri 2016 igaragaza ko 63% by’abana bari hagati y’imyaka itatu n’imyaka itanu aribo
bari mu murongo w’imikurire myiza. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana kandi ko iyo umwana
yitaweho akiri muto, akagira ubuzima buzira umuze, akarindwa ihohoterwa iryo ari ryo
ryose, kandi ubwonko bwe bugakangurwa ku gihe, bituma yiga neza, akarangiza amashuri
ye adasibiye cyangwa ngo ate ishuri. Ibi bigabanya amafaranga atangwa ku bana basibira
agakoreshwa n’imiryango abana bakomokamo mu bindi bikorwa biteza imbere
umuryango n’igihugu muri rusange.

Iyo abana bakuze bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi, bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwabo kandi
bikaba ari n’igihombo ku Gihugu. Hano iwacu mu Rwanda, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na
Minisiteri y’Ubuzima mu 2012, bwagaragaje ko buri mwaka dutakaza miliyari magana
atanu n’eshatu na miliyoni magana atandatu (503,600,000,000 FRW). Aya mafaranga
angana na 11.5% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’Igihugu (GDP). Iki gihombo giterwa n’ikiguzi
cy’ibigenda mu guhangana n’ingaruka z’ibitarakozwe ku bana bakiri bato. Kubera
uburemere bw’iki kibazo, Gahunda Mbonezamikurire y’Abana bato ni imwe mu
bikorwa by’ingenzi byashyizwe muri Gahunda y’Igihugu yo Kwihutisha Iterambere
(NST1 2017-2024).
Iyi Gahunda ifasha mu guteza imbere no kurengera uburenganzira bw’umwana. Ifasha
kandi no mu gukemura ibibazo by’ihohoterwa bigenda bigaragara ku bana bato ndetse
n’ibijyanye n’imibereho n’imikurire yabo. Imibare ku bushakashatsi ku mibereho
y’ingo (2014-2015) igaragaza ko 56% by’abana aribo banditse mu bitabo
by’irangamimerere. Igaragaza kandi ko 35% by’abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu
basigara mu rugo bonyine igihe ababyeyi bagiye gushaka imibereho cyangwa
bagasigirwa abandi bana aho bashobora guhohoterwa cyangwa guhura n’impanuka
zinyuranye. Inzobere mu bumenyi bw’imikurire y’abana bato, zemeza ko ubwonko
bw’umwana bukura ku kigereranyo cya 80% mbere y’imyaka 3. Ibi bigerwaho ari uko
umwana yarezwe uko bikwiye. Umwana witaweho neza, iyo atangiye ishuri yiga neza.
Iyi gahunda kandi izafasha kongerera ababyeyi bombi ubumenyi kugira ngo barusheho
kugira uruhare mu burere buboneye bw’abana babo aribo Rwanda rw’ejo.
2. Kugaragaza imbogamizi ziboneka mw’ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda
Mbonezamikurire y’Abana
U Rwanda kimwe mubihugu bikataje munzira y’amajyambere ndetse muri ibi bihe
abaharanira ukwishyira ukizana kw’ Afurika badasiba gufatiraho urugero rw’uko
ibihugu byo kuri uyu mugabane wirabura byakabaye biyoborwa.N’ubwo u Rwanda ari
cyimwe mu bihugu bikataje munzira y’amajyambere, cyibasiriwe nikibazo
cyubushomeri kurubyiruko rwarangije amashuri makuru ndetse naza kaminuza iki
kibazo cy’ibura ryakazi gikomoka ku burezi budafite ireme buhabwa abarangiza ayo
mashuri bituma myinshi mumiryango itihaza mu mirire bitewe nikibazo
cy’ubushobozi. Hari inzindi mbogamizi zikibangamiye ishyirwa mu bikorwa by’iyi
 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

gahunda. Zimwe muri zo ni izi zikurikira, ikibazo cy’imyumvire y’ababyeyi ikiri hasi
ku bijyanye n’ubumenyi mu mikurire y’abana; Kutihaza mu biribwa hamwe na hamwe
mu Turere; Haracyagaragara ikibazo cy’indwara nyinshi ziterwa n’isuku nke;
Amakimbirane mu miryango akomeje kubangamira imikurire myiza y’abana; ndetse
nta gahunda yihariye yo gufasha abangavu by’umwihariko kubafite ikibazo
cy’amaraso make. Imibare igaragaza ko 19% by’abagore b’Abanyarwanda bahura ni
iki kibazo, mu gihe abakobwa bari hagati y’imyaka 15-19 bahura nacyo ari 18.8%. Ibi
bigira ingaruka zo kubyara umwana ugwingiye mu gihe ageze igihe cyo kubyara. Ubu
bushakashatsi buribanda cyane kuruhare rwa politiki Mbonezamikurire y’Abana
mw’iterambere ry’uRwanda ndetse nicyakorwa ngo ibibazo byagaragajwe muri iki gika
bibonerwe umuti burundu.

3. Nkingi 6 zigize Politiki Mbonezamikurire y’Abana

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yiyemeje kongera imbaraga mu guteza imbere Gahunda

Mbonezamikurire y’Abana bato. Inshingira ku nkingi 6 zigize Politiki
Mbonezamikurire y’Abana bato:
I. Gutoza no gufasha ababyeyi kurushaho kugira uruhare mu burere buboneye
bw’abana bato:
Muri ibi bihe mu Rwanda hashyizweho umugoroba w’ababyeyi ukomeje kugira
uruhare rugaragara mu gufasha ababyeyi kungurana inama zigamije guca
amakimbirane mu miryango, kuboneza uburere, uburezi n’uburenganzira bw’abana.
By’umwihariko, umugoroba w’ababyeyi utanga inama zo guteza imbere imikurire,
imirire n’isuku y’abana bato.
Umugoroba w’ababyeyi ni ingirakamaro cyane n’ubwo hamwe na hamwe mu gihugu
bigaragara ko udakora neza. Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yiyemeje kongera
ubukangurambaga mu gushishikariza abaturage kurushaho kuwitabira. Kugeza mu
2016 hari hamaze gushyirwaho ingo mbonezamikurire z’abana bato (ECDs) zingana na
4,139. Muri zo, 46 ni iz’ikitegererezo (30) zubatswe ku ngengo y’imari ya Leta naho 16
zubakwa n’Imbuto Foundation), 205 zikorewe n’ababyeyi ubwabo. Abana
bazigagamo bategurirwa kuzatangira neza amashuri abanza ni 256,677. Intego ni uko
mu midugudu 14,837 igize igihugu cyacu, hagomba kuba harimo nibura urugo
mbonezamikurire rumwe.

Mu ngo 205 zashyiriweho n’abaturage kugira ngo zitangirwemo serivisi

mbonezamikurire, ababyeyi ubwabo nibo bishyira hamwe, bakumvikana ku rugo
bazajya basigamo abana babo igihe bagiye mu mirimo itandukanye. Abo babyeyi
basimburana mu kwita ku bana babo nta kiguzi uretse kuzana ibitunga abana babo.
Iyi gahunda iracyakeneye gushyirwamo imbaraga kugira ngo irusheho gukora neza
hose
 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

Hari kandi inyigisho zitangwa n’abagize inama y’igihugu y’abagore ku rwego

rw’umudugudu zunganira ibiganiro bitangwa n’inzego zitandukanye za Leta
n’abafatanyabikorwa. Hari n’ubukangurambaga bukoresha itangazamakuru ryandika,
ikinamico n’ibiganiro binyura kuri radiyo na televiziyo. Mu biganiro bitandukanye,
abaturage bagaragaza ko ibi bibiganiro babikunda kandi bibafasha. Hatangwa
inyigisho mu by’ubuzima n’imirire hagamijwe guhindura imyifatire mu buryo bwiza
zitangwa n’abajyanama b’ubuzima. Izo nyigisho zishobora gukorwa mu matsinda
(ibiganiro) cyangwa zigahabwa umuntu ku giti cye igihe yaje gupimisha umwana ibiro
cyangwa yasuwe n’umujyanama w’ubuzima mu rugo.

Nganira nabaturage ndetse n’abayobozi munzego z’ibanze muturere twa Rubavu,

Musanze, Nyamasheke ndetse N’umugi wa kigali nasanze abajyanama b’ubuzima
44,619 bari hirya no mu gihugu. Intego ni ukugira 3 muri buri mudugudu. Aba
bajyanama b’ubuzima buri kwezi batanga inyigisho ku bagore batwite, abonsa
n’ababyeyi bafite abana bari munsi y’imyaka 5. Inyigisho zabo zibanda ku buryo
ababyeyi bategurira abana babo indyo yuzuye bakoresheje ibiribwa biboneka iwabo.

Nkunko byagaragajwe na bamwe mubafatanya bikorwa muri ubu bushakashatsi, Mu

nyigisho zitangwa n’abajyanama b’ubuzima habamo na gahunda y’inkono y’umwana
ifasha ababyeyi benshi kumva akamaro ko kwita ku igaburo ry’umwana kuva ku mezi
6 kugeza ku mezi 23 y'amavuko, aho bamenya inshuro umwana agaburirwa
bakamenya n’ingano y’ibyo akwiye kugaburirwa ku munsi. Muri ubu bushakashatsi
twasanze kandi Abajyanama b’ubuzima banigisha ababyeyi ko isuku n’isukura ari
ingenzi mu kwirinda indwara zituruka ku mwanda, aho bagomba gukoresha ibikoresho
byo mu gikoni bisukuye mu gihe bagaburira umwana cyangwa bamuha ibinyobwa,
gukaraba intoki bakoresheje isabune n’amazi meza. Ababyeyi bigishwa kandi
ibijyanye na gahunda yo kuboneza urubyaro. Imibare dukesha ubushakashatsi ku
mibereho y’ingo (DHS 2014-2015) igaragaza ko impuzandengo y’abana ku mugore
umwe ari abana 4 tuvuye kuri 6 bo muri 2005.

II. Gutegurira abana kuzatangira neza amashuri abanza:

Guverinoma yashyizeho integanyanyigisho igenewe kwifashishwa mu mashuri y’incuke

kandi izakomeza kunozwa. Muri ubu bushakashatsi twasanze mu mashuri yisumbuye
nderabarezi hatangirwamo amasomo ategurira abazayarangizamo kugira ubumenyi
bwihariye bwo kwigisha mu mashuri y’incuke. Abarenga 500 barangije kwiga. N’ubwo
Guverinoma ikomeje gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo iteze imbere gahunda yo
gutegurira abana gutangira amashuri abanza neza, haracyagaragara ikibazo
cy’ubushobozi budahagije. Twasanze kandi ubukungu bwacu buzakomeza gutera
imbere, ingengo y’imari igenerwa amashuri izakomeza kwiyongera hibandwa cyane
cyane kongera ibyumba by’amashuri no gushyiraho abarimu b’umwuga
babihemberwa.
 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

III. Kubungabunga ubuzima bw’abana bato bari munsi y’imyaka itanu no kugabanya
n’impfu z’ababyeyi bapfa babyara:

Hashyizwe imbaraga mu kunoza ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba zo kugabanya

impfu z’abana bato n’ababyeyi bapfa babyara. Imibare y’ubushashakatsi ku mibereho
y’ingo (2014/2015) yagaraje ko igipimo cy’ababyeyi bapfaga ku mpamvu zifitanye
isano no gutwita no kubyara bari ku gipimo cya 210/100,000 kivuye kuri 476/100,000
mu 2010. Intego twihaye ni uko mu mwaka wa 2024 igipimo kizaba kigeze munsi ya
126/100,000. Mu mwaka wa 2015, igipimo cy’abana bapfaga batarageza ku myaka
itanu cyari 50/1,000, kivuye kuri 76/1,000 mu mwaka wa 2010 (DHS 2014-2015).
Intego ni uko mu mwaka wa 2024 kizagabanuka kikagera munsi ya 35/1,000.
Ababyeyi batwite bakomeje gushishikarizwa kwipimisha kugira ngo bazabyare abana
bafite ubuzima bwiza. Ubushakashatsi ku miberengo y’ingo yo mu 2014-2015 (DHS)
yagaragaje ko abagore batwite 99% bagiye kwa muganga kwipimisha. Yagaragaje
kandi ko mu bagore babyaye abana bazima, 44% aribo bipishishije nibura inshuro 4
zisabwa (WHO standards). Hakomeje gushyirwa mu bikorwa ingamba zo gukingira
abana bose bari munsi y’imyaka itanu. Imibare dufite igaragaza ko mu 2017 abana
bakingiwe bangana na 95% bavuye kuri 74% mu 2007. Biteganijwe ko mu 2024 abana
bose bazaba bahabwa inkingo zose ziteganyijwe.

IV. Kurwanya imirire mibi n’igwingira mu bana bato:

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ikomeje gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda zitandukanye
zigamije kurwanya imirire mibi, by’umwihariko igwingira mu bana bato. Zimwe muri
zo ni izi zikurikira: Hari gahunda yo kuboneza imikurire n’imirire y’abana mu
midugudu,iyi gahunda ishyirwa mu bikorwa n’abajyanama b’ubuzima bafatanyije
n’ababyeyi b’abana. Bapima ibiro n’ikizigira cy'akaboko (MUAC: middle upper arm
circumference) kuva umwana avutse kugera yujuje imyaka itanu. Abana bagaragaraho
imirire mibi bahita batangira gukurikiranwa. Ababyeyi babo bagirwa inama
bakoherezwa mu bigo nderabuzima kugira ngo bashyirwe muri porogaramu zibafasha.
Mu rwego rwo kubakira ubushobozi abajyanama b’ubuzima, abangana na 40,000 (kuri
46,619) bamaze guhugurwa kandi gahunda irakomeje. Bahawe ibikoresho by’ibanze
harimo iminzani, telefoni zigendanwa zibafasha gutanga raporo ku buryo bwihuse,
imyambaro ibaranga kandi hafi ya bose bamaze no gufashwa kubona amashanyarazi.
Benshi mu bajyanama b’ubuzima ni ukuvuga abagera 30,638, bamaze guhabwa
amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba. Iyo umujyanama w’ubuzima ashoje
igikorwa cyo gukurikirana imikurire y’umwana, akomeza kujya asura imiryango yabo
akibanda cyane cyane ku miryango ifite abana batiyongera ibiro cyangwa aboherejwe
muri porogaramu yo kuvurira abarwayi mu ngo. Uretse igikorwa cyo gupima abana,
buri kwezi mu rwego rw’umudugudu, abajyanama b’ubuzima berekana uko bategura
ibiryo biboneka mu Karere abaturage batuyemo (indyo yuzuye n’indyo yoroheje) ariko
mbere yo kwerekana uko bategura ibiribwa, buri mubyeyi agaragaza ibyo azi ku
mitegurire y’ibiribwa, Hashyizweho na gahunda y’inkono y’umwana yafashije
ababyeyi benshi kumva akamaro ko kwita kw’igaburo ry’umwana kuva amezi 6 kugera
 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

ku mezi 24 y'amavuko. Ikindi ababyeyi bigishwa ko isuku ari ingenzi mu kwirinda

indwara z’impiswi n’izindi ndwara.

Mu Rwanda nkuko byagaragajwe muturere twakorewemo ubushakashatsi, hatangwa

intungamubiri nyunganirabiribwa (Vitamin A, Fer, Zinc, n’ifu yitwa
«OngeraIntungamubiri»). Iyi fu igizwe n’intungamubiri (vitamini) zigera kuri 15
hamwe n’imyunyungugu itandukanye y’ingirakamaro ku buzima bwiza bw'umwana
uyihabwa. Ibigo nderabuzima byose bitanga vitamini A, ibinini by’inzoka ku bana bari
hagati y’amezi 6-59 n’abagore nyuma yo kubyara (mu byumweru 6 nyuma yo
kubyara). Ku birebana na Gahunda ya Shisha Kibondo, mu Rwanda hari uruganda
rukora ifu y’igikoma ifite intungamubiri zihagije. Iyo fu ihabwa abana bari hagati
y’amezi atandatu kugeza ku myaka ibiri hamwe n’ababyeyi batwite ndetse n’abonsa
bari mu kiciro cya 1 cy’ubudehe. Kuva muri Mutarama 2018 kugeza muri Kamena
2018, hari hamaze gutangwa toni miliyoni 2,857 za Shisha Kibondo.
Umubare w’abahabwa Shisha Kibondo ukomeje kugenda wiyongera. Muri Kamena
2018, abana bafite amezi 6 kugeza ku mezi 23 bayihabwaga bangana na 86,952 naho
abagore batwite n’abonsa bo bari 15,321. Mu 2013 hatangijwe ubukangurambaga
buhoraho bw’iminsi 1,000 ya mbere y’ubuzima bw’umwana. Iyi gahunda imaze
kumenyekana hafi mu gihugu hose. Imaze guhindura byinshi birimo imirire y’abagore
batwite, konsa abana nta kindi ubavangiye kuva bakivuka kugeza bujuje amezi
atandatu. Ifasha kandi gutegura imfashabere, kuzamura ubumenyi ku mirire y’abana
bari munsi y’imyaka itanu, kwita k’ubuzima bw’ababyeyi batwite n’abonsa, gukingira
abana, kwita ku isuku n’isukura. Kuri ubu, iyi gahunda yongewemo ibijyanye no
gukangura ubwonko bw’umwana, gupima umwana hakiri kare kugira ngo harebwe
niba nta bumuga afite no guha umwana umutekano n’ubwisanzure hagamijwe
kumufasha gukura neza.
yakanga 2017 kuri gahunda y’ubukangurambaga
bw’iminsi 1,000, ryagaragaje ko abo iyi gahunda yari igenewe, yagezeho ku gipimo cya
69%.

90% kivuye kuri 22% cyo muri 2013.

Kwihutira kujyana kwa muganga umwana ugaragaje uburwayi byarazamutse
bigera ku gipimo cya 59% bivuye kuri 23%.

73%.
e bugera kuri
83% buvuye kuri 31%.

bivuye kuri 26%.

 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

u
Rwanda rufite yo kugabanya impfu z’ababyeyi n’abana ndetse n’imirire mibi. Urebye
ibimaze gukorwa, dufite icyizere ko ubu bukangurambaga buzarushaho kuzamura
imyumvire n’ubumenyi ku bintu byose bigira uruhare ku mikurire myiza.
 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

Gahunda y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu kurwanya imirire mibi irimo: Hongerewemo

imbaraga muri gahunda y’imbaturabukungu mu buhinzi, gahunda yo kuhira imyaka,
akarima k’igikoni, ubworozi bw’amatungo magufi n’amafi, inkongoro y’amata ku
mwana, gahunda ya Girinka na gahunda yo guhunika imyaka.
Muri gahunda yo kwita ku mibereho myiza y’abatishoboye:
Mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2017/2018 hatanzwe litiro 490,890 zihabwa abana
10,890 bari munsi y’imyaka itanu, kandi bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.

Gahunda y’Inkongoro y’amata ku mwana: Ni gahunda yo guha abanyeshuri amata

kuva mu mashuri y’incuke kugeza mu mwaka wa 3 w’amashuri abanza. Iyi gahunda
yashyizweho mu 2010 hagamijwe guhangana n’ikibazo cy’abana bata ishuri ndetse no
kongera ubwitabire bw’abana mu mashuri.
Iyi gahunda imaze kugezwa mu mashuri 117 ari mu Turere 15. Hamaze gutangwa
amata ku bana 74,489. Kuva mu ntangiriro za 2018, iyi gahunda yatangiye gushyirwa
mu bikorwa ku rwego rw’Uturere. Iyi gahunda n’ubwo itagira uruhare ruziguye mu
kurwanya igwingira, ni imwe mu bituma abana bagira imirire myiza kandi bakiga
Umushinga wo kurandura igwingira mu bana bato (Stunting Prevention and
Reduction Project): Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ku nkunga ya Banki y’isi yatangije
umushinga ugamije kurandura igwingira mu bana bato, ukaba ushyirwa mu bikorwa
mu Turere 13 dukennye kandi dufite imibare iri hejuru y’abana bagwingiye, aritwo
Nyabihu (59%), Rutsiro (46%), Rubavu (46%), Ngororero (56%), Rusizi (35%),
Karongi (49%), Nyamagabe (52%), Nyaruguru (42%), Huye (43%), Ruhango (41%),
Kayonza (42%), Bugesera (39%) na Gakenke (46%).
Uyu mushinga uzamara imyaka 5 ukaba uzibanda kugutanga inkunga y’ingoboka,
guteza imbere ubuzima, imirire myiza n’isuku n’isukura. Uzunganira izindi ngamba
Guverinoma isanzwe ishyira mu bikorwa ku bufatanye n’abafatanyabikorwa
batandukanye.

V. Kurengera uburenganzira bw’umwana no gutanga ubufasha mu miryango:

Ubu bushakatsatsi bugaragaza ko mu mwaka wa 2016 hashyizweho itegeko rishyiraho

rikanagena imitunganyirize y’ubwishingizi bw’ibigenerwa umugore uri mu kiruhuko
cyo kubyara. Ikiruhuko cyavuye k’u kwezi kigera k’umezi atatu. Hashyizweho kandi
ikigega (maternity leave fund) aho umugore agenerwa umushahara wose bivuye
kumushahara w’igice cy’umunsi. Buri mukozi atanga 0,3% by’umushahara we mu gihe
umukoresha nawe ashyiramo 0,3% by’umushahara wa buri mukozi. Ubu bushakatsatsi
bugaragaza ko Kuva mu mwaka wa 2012 abana 363 bajyanywe muri gereza bari
kumwe n’ababyeyi babo b’abagore cyangwa abavukiye muri gereza, bashyiriweho
irerero rizajya ribafasha mu mikurire myiza. Iyo bageze ku myaka itatu bashyirwa mu
miryango kugira ngo ikomeze kubitaho. Ibi bikorerwa muri gereza 5 z’abagore arizo
 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

Musanze, Ngoma, Nyarugenge, Muhanga na Nyamagabe. Hashyizweho gahunda ya

Isange One Stop Centre. Zimwe mu nshingano zayo harimo no kwita ku bana baba
bahohotewe. Mu gihugu hose ubu hari Isange One Stop Centre 44. Ubu bushakatsatsi
bugaragaza ko muri buri mudugudu hatangijwe gahunda y’Inshuti z’Umuryango. Ubu
mu gihugu hose zingana na 29,674. Iyi gahunda igamije guteza imbere no kurengera
uburenganzira bw’abana. Inshuti z’Umuryango zireba niba aho ziri nta mwana
utitaweho uko bikwiye maze zikabigeza ku buyobozi. Nyuma zisura abo bana,
hagamijwe kubarinda ingaruka z’amakimbirane yo mu ngo no kubarinda ihototerwa
cyangwa kuba ibikoresho by’abantu bakuru mu nyungu zabo. Igamije kandi kurinda
abana b’abangavu guterwa inda no guta ishuri, no kwita kukudaheza abana bafite
ubumuga.

VI. Gukurikirana no gusuzuma ibikorwa byo muri gahunda mbonezamikurire:

Nyuma yo kubona ko serivisi mbonezamikurire y’abana bato zatangwaga mu buryo

butatanye kandi butuzuzanya, kuva umwaka ushize Guverinoma yashyizeho
Porogaramu y’Igihugu Mbonezamikurire y’Abana Bato (National Early Childhood
Development Program – NECDP). Nk’uko nigeze kubisobanura, iyi porogaramu nshya
yahurije hamwe gahunda zose zifite aho zihuriye n’imbonezamikurire y’abana bato.
Ku bufatanye n’abatanyabikorwa batandukanye, Guverinoma ikomeje kongerera
imbaraga n’ubushobozi iyi porogaramu kugira ngo ishobore kugera ku nshingano zayo.
 Cyanditswe na Nzayisenga Adrien

4. Ingamba

Mu rwego rwo gukemura izi mbogamizi zose maze kubagaragariza muri ubu
bushakashatsi, Guverinoma igomba gufata ingamba zikurikira:
a) Kurushaho kuzamura imyumvire y’ababyeyi ku bijyanye no kugira ubumenyi
buhagije mu mikurire y’umwana, no gushishikariza Abanyarwanda muri rusange
kurushaho guharanira kwihaza mu biribwa bikize ku ntungamibiri;
b) Kongera imbaraga mu bukangurambaga ku minsi igihumbi ya mbere shingiro
ry’ubuzima bwiza;
c) Gukomeza gushyigikira gahunda yihariye yo gufasha abangavu, by’umwihariko
abafite ikibazo cy’amaraso make, mu gihe cy’uburumbuke ndetse n’igihe bazaba
bageze igihe cyo kubyara;
d) Isuku n’isukura no kugeza amazi meza ku baturage bose bizongerwamo imbaraga
nyinshi kugira ngo hirindwe indwara ziterwa n’umwanda;
e) Kubakira ubwiherero abaturage batifashije bafite ubwiherero butujuje ibyangombwa;
f) Umugoraba w’ababyeyi ugomba kongererwa imbaraga kugira ngo urusheho kugira
uruhare mu gukemura ibibazo bikigaragara mu muryango.