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Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)

Subject : Use of Force


Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 1 of 23

SUBJECT USE OF FORCE

AUTHORITY LaSalle Corrections Corporate and Facility Policy; Related American


Correctional Association (ACA) Standards: 4-4090, 4-4092, 4-4190, 4-4199,
4-4200, 4-4201, 4-4203, 4-420 4-4205, 4-4206, 4-ALDF-2B-01, 4-ALDF-2B-
03, 4-ALDF-2B-04, 4-ALDF-2B-064-ALDF-2B-08, 4-ALDF-7B-15, 4-
ALDF-7B-16, 4-ALDF-2C-01, 4-ALDF-2B-02
POLICY LaSalle Corrections (LSC) shall restrict the use of physical force to instances
of justifiable self-defense, protection of others, protection of property and
prevention of escapes and then only as a last resort and in accordance with
appropriate statutory authority. All reasonable steps shall be taken to reduce
and prevent any incident of or necessity for the Use of Force (UOF). In a
given situation, force is justified only when no reasonable alternative exists
and then only the minimum force reasonably believed necessary should be
used. In no event is physical force justifiable as punishment.
DEFINITIONS The term inmate is used synonymously with “inmate”, “detainee” and/or
“offender” throughout this document.
Basic Information - UOF data that is subject to required disclosure and includes: the time and place of
the incident, names of inmate(s) and staff directly involved, a brief narrative of the incident, a brief
description of any injuries involved and any civil action, criminal charges or administrative disciplinary
action which may have resulted from the incident.
Calculated Use of Force - A threat that is confined to an immediate area, which affords the opportunity
to plan a proper use of force.
Deadly Force - The intentional discharge of authorized firearms which could reasonably be expected to
result in death or serious bodily harm. (NOTE: Drawing a firearm and aiming it at an inmate does not
constitute Deadly Force.)
Emergency - An unforeseen event or condition, which imminently threatens the safety of individuals or
the security of the institution and requires immediate action to prevent extensive property damage.
Excessive Force - The use of more force than is objectively reasonable to accomplish a lawful purpose.
Force - Strength or energy used to persuade or cause someone to do something.
Less Than Lethal Force - Force that is not intended to cause death when used. For example, the use of
chemical agents is considered less than lethal force.
Inmate - Person in legal confinement in a secure correctional facility. The term inmate is used
synonymously with “inmate”, “detainee” and/or “offender” throughout this document.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 2 of 23

Imminent - Will occur at any moment.


Major Force - A measure of force less than deadly force, used when:
• An inmate physically resists the application of restraints;
• Chemical agents are discharged;
• Batons or other instruments make contact with an inmate in an effort to restore or preserve
order;
• Offensive or defensive physical contact is made, to include, but not limited to, one or more
physical blows, hard pushes or defensive holds;
• An inmate is injured during a UOF, to include a bruise, contusion or wound; and
• A confrontational situation occurs where compliance with orders must be enforced.
Professional Medical Staff - A psychiatrist, psychologist, physician, physician’s assistant, mid-level
practitioner, nurse or nurse practitioner.
Prone - Lying down, with the front of the body turned toward the supporting surface. For example, an
inmate lying face down on the floor would be in a prone position.
Threat Assessment - Judgment made during the early stages of the UOF in order to determine whether
force is required or appropriate.
Unnecessary Force - The use of force when none is required or appropriate.
Use of Force - Any physical contact deliberately made by facility personnel with an inmate in a
confrontational situation to control the inmate’s behavior or to enforce an order. The term Use of Force
may be abbreviated by the letters UOF within this policy and its attachments For physical contact
between staff and an inmate to qualify as a UOF, the contact must be deliberate as opposed to accidental
and must be used to control the behavior of the inmate involved..
Use of Force Report - Documented information regarding the implementation of Major Force or Deadly
Force that shall include applicable report forms which are required under this policy, copies of which are
attached hereto. Major UOF Reports shall also include the required videotape of the incident if
available. Two photos shall be taken, one of the front and one of the back side of each inmate participant
and photos of injuries, if applicable. Force will not be used to take photos if the inmate is not
cooperating or offender is in a cell and refuses any pictures. This should be documented in the
Supervisory Summary (form 3-3108-1, Initial Use of Force Report, pages 2 and 3).

PROCEDURES
1. CONDITIONS THAT DETERMINE THE LEVEL OF FORCE APPLIED
1.1. Staff shall consider the following factors in making a proper threat assessment for a specific
situation:
1.1.1. Is there an alternate method of de-escalating or resolving the situation without a UOF?
1.1.2. Is the situation contained?
1.1.3. Is the inmate a danger to self or others?
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 3 of 23

1.1.4. Is there more than one inmate involved and could this be an orchestrated distraction from
something else?
1.1.5. How many officers are in a position to assist?
1.1.6. What type of injuries may be incurred due to a UOF?
1.1.7. How severe was the rule violation by the subject inmate(s)?
1.1.8. Would the UOF be an appropriate response to the situation, based on sound correctional
judgment?
1.2. Use of force should be tempered, using the absolute minimum amount of force necessary to
control the situation. Care should be taken to avoid causing the situation to escalate. Staff shall
carefully consider whether there is an opportunity to resolve the situation without the use of
force.
1.3. The UOF Continuum presented within this policy shall be reinforced through training and study
so that all staff can determine the correct application of force in a given situation. It is essential
that each staff member understand the correct responses prior to a situation occurring. Officers
assigned to gun towers shall understand in clear terms when to use Deadly Force as well as if and
when such force is authorized in their jurisdiction. Post Orders shall contain the specific
guidelines for each post.
1.4. A determination of the amount of force needed should be made prior to every UOF, time
permitting. The actual amount of force used should coincide with that determination, provided
escalation of the situation does not occur.
1.5. Assessment should also include an assessment of possible outcomes regarding injuries to be
sustained by staff. The number of personnel utilized during the actual Use of Force shall be kept
to a minimum to avoid such injury. For example, the use of chemical agents normally presents
less opportunity for staff injury.
2. CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO THE TWO LEVELS OF FORCE
2.1. Major Force
2.1.1. Verbal instructions are insufficient to manage the situation and no reasonable alternative
exists.
2.1.2. Escorting an inmate by the arm or elbow results in physical resistance.
2.1.3. Force is needed to enforce policy and procedure in an effort to bring order to the facility.
2.1.4. Force is needed to maintain or regain control of a facility (or any part thereof) in the event of
a rebellion, riot or disturbance.
2.1.5. There is imminent danger of bodily injury to staff, inmate(s) or other persons.
2.1.6. Force is needed to prevent escape.
2.2. Deadly Force
2.2.1. Each facility must define a specific point at which escape from secure custody is imminent
and deadly force is authorized. For example, when an inmate is about to or has penetrated the
secure perimeter of the facility, deadly force is appropriate.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 4 of 23

2.2.2. Deadly Force MAY NOT be used on U. S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
(ICE) detainees solely to prevent the escape of a fleeing suspect. Deadly force may be
used only when the officer has a reasonable suspicion that the detainee poses an
imminent danger of death or serious physical injury to the officer or to another person.
2.2.3. Deadly Force may be applied in the following situations.
2.2.3.1. Risk of Death
There is substantial risk that the inmate will cause the death of another person unless
Deadly Force is used.
2.2.3.2. Serious Bodily Injury
There is substantial risk that the inmate will cause serious bodily injury to another person
unless Deadly Force is used.
2.2.3.3. Escape
Escaping inmate(s) may be subject to Deadly Force if the escape is actually in progress.
2.2.3.4. Protection of Property
Protection of property may be a reason to apply Deadly Force in cases such as arson
when that act, if completed, is likely to cause serious bodily injury or death to another
person. The officer must reasonably believe that such force is necessary to prevent the
serious bodily injury or death of another person.
2.2.3.5. Authorization
2.2.3.5.1. Authorization for Use of Deadly Force shall ordinarily be sought from the warden,
except in emergencies were death or serious bodily injury may result if action is not
immediately taken (or when standing orders are in place). For example, deadly force
is authorized by policy when escape from a secure perimeter occurs.
2.2.3.5.2. The warden of each facility shall ensure that the application of Deadly Force is
clearly defined for the facility and in all Post Orders. Only certain posts may use
Deadly Force without prior approval.
2.2.3.5.3. An employee shall use appropriate force and later will be required to justify that
action based upon the above criteria.
3. EMPLOYING USE OF FORCE
3.1. Confrontation Avoidance
3.1.1. If time permits before authorizing the calculated UOF, the ranking officer should seek
information from others such as professional medical staff and the classification department
to assist in determining the appropriate UOF.
3.1.2. The ranking officer should consider the following factors:
3.1.2.1. Medical/Mental history, especially medical conditions or diseases which may be
adversely affected by chemical agents, pepper mace or other non-lethal weapons,
3.1.2.2. Recent incident reports involving the inmate and any trauma which may be contributing
to the inmate’s state of mind, including such events as pending criminal prosecution,
divorce, illness, death, etc., and
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 5 of 23

3.1.2.3. Information gathered from questioning staff who are familiar with the inmate and may
offer insight into the inmate’s current agitation.
3.1.3. Staff members who have an established rapport with the inmate or whose personality
suggests they might be able to reason with the inmate may be recruited to assist and possibly
avoid a UOF.
3.2. Using Force - When an inmate acts violently or appears on the verge of violent action staff shall
use reasonable force and/or restraints if necessary to prevent him or her from harming self, others
and/or property
3.3. The use of video camera generally has confrontational de-escalating value and should be
employed as quickly as possible
3.4. Types of Force
3.4.1. Immediate Use of Force
3.4.2. Calculated Use of Force
3.4.3. Use of Force Team
3.4.3.1. Use of Four Point Restraint Technique
3.4.3.2. Less Than Lethal Force
3.4.3.3. Lethal Force (Deadly Force)
3.5. Employing The Use of Force
3.5.1. Immediate Use of Force
3.5.1.1. An “Immediate UOF” situation is created when an inmate’s behavior constitutes a
serious and immediate threat to self, staff, another inmate, property or the security and
orderly operation of the facility. In this situation, staff may respond without a
supervisor’s direction or presence.
3.5.1.2. Each facility should prepare an Emergency Response Plan indicating which employees
or posts should respond to an emergency situation so that staff in other areas of the
facility will understand that they have expanded responsibilities.
3.5.2. Use of Video Camera during Use of Force
The video camera shall be requested and brought to the location of the UOF as quickly
as possible and utilized to videotape as much as possible. The camera shall be set to a
wide angle setting to record the entire situation.
3.5.3. Calculated Use of Force
3.5.3.1. If an inmate is in an isolated location is (for example, a locked cell) where there is no
immediate threat to the inmate for others, the officer(s) shall take the time to assess the
possibility of resolving the situation without resorting to force.
3.5.3.1.1. Circumstances
• Calculated UOF is appropriate when the inmate is in a cell or other area with a
securable door or grill; even if the inmate is verbalizing threats or brandishing a
weapon, provided staff sees no immediate danger to the subject inmate or others.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 6 of 23

• The Calculated Use of Force allows staff time to strategize, resolving situations in
the least confrontational manner and with the least risk of injury to the inmate or
staff.
3.5.3.1.2. Documentation
• All UOF incidents will be documented on the appropriate UOF forms.
• Videotaping is required for all calculated UOF incidents.
• Written documentation and the videotape shall be maintained for review.
3.5.3.1.3. Employee UOF Team Technique (Calculated UOF)
• When an inmate must be moved and/or restrained during a Calculated UOF, the
UOF Team Technique shall apply.
• The team technique usually involves five or more trained staff members clothed
in protective gear, including helmet with face shield, knife-resistant vest, gloves
and knee, forearm and elbow protectors.
• Correctional officers selected for an emergency team should preferably be
experienced and have specialized training before undertaking their assignments.
Team members enter the inmate’s area together, with coordinated responsibility
for achieving immediate control of the inmate.
• Staff shall be trained in the UOF Team Technique in sufficient numbers for teams
to be quickly convened on all shifts throughout the facility.
• The supervisor on duty must be on the scene before any UOF. He or she shall
direct the operation, continuously monitoring staff compliance with policy and
procedures. The supervisor shall not participate except to prevent staff injury.
• Professional medical staff shall be present if possible to observe and immediately
treat any injuries.
• The UOF Team may expand to include staff with specific skills, such as handling
chemical agents.
• The supervisor on duty will exclude from the UOF Team, any staff member
involved in an incident which precipitated the need for force.
• When restraints are necessary, the team will choose the least restrictive
ambulatory restraints and progress to the next level needed, up to 4-point
restraints.
• Calculated Use of Force videotape will begin as follows:
¨ Introduction by Team Leader, stating facility name, location, time, date, etc.,
description of the incident which led to the Calculated UOF and naming the
video camera operator and other staff present.
¨ Faces of all team members briefly appear (helmets removed, heads
uncovered), one at a time, identified by name and title.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 7 of 23

¨ Team Leader offers the inmate a last chance to cooperate before action,
outlining UOF procedures, engaging in confrontation avoidance and issuing
the UOF order.
• Entire UOF operation is videotaped until the inmate is secured. Tape will not be
edited under any circumstance. Close-ups of the inmate body may focus on the
presence/absence of injuries. Staff injuries, if any, may be photographed but not
videotaped.
• The videotape shall be catalogued and preserved for at least 3 years.
• UOF videotapes shall be available for incident reviews and may also be used for
training.
• Form 3-3106-4, Security Equipment Control Log, shall document video camera
usage. Every time the video camera is acquired from Central Control and returned
to Central Control shall be recorded on the form, a copy of which is included with
this policy.
• The release of UOF videotapes to the news media shall occur only with the
approval from the LaSalle Corrections Executive Director – Texas (EDT).
• Staff shall store UOF equipment in a UOF closet under the same secure
conditions as class A tools.
• The Warden shall designate responsibility for maintaining the video camera
which shall include testing all parts and batteries as well as keeping backup
supplies on hand. This responsibility should be incorporated into Post Orders.
3.5.4. General Guidelines for the Use of 4-Point Restraints
3.5.4.1. 4-point restraints shall not be used as a means of punishment.
3.5.4.2. 4-point restraints shall only be used for inmates who are acting out violently and
posing a risk for harming themselves or others and/or are continuously damaging
property
3.5.4.3. 4-point restraints should be used only in extreme instances and only when other types
of restraints have proven to be ineffective. Prior to the use of 4-point restraints, other
alternatives should be examined.
3.5.4.4. Advance approval of the warden or designee must be obtained before placing an
inmate in a 4-point restraint.
3.5.4.5. The health authority or designee shall be notified to assess the inmate’s medical and
mental condition, and to advise whether, on the basis of serious danger to self or
others, the inmate should be placed in a medical/mental health unit for emergency
treatment with sedation and/or other medical management, as appropriate. If the
inmate is not transferred to a medical/mental health unit, and is restrained in a 4-point
position, the following minimum procedures shall apply.
• Direct visual observation by staff must be continuous prior to obtaining approval
from the health authority or designee.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 8 of 23

• Subsequent visual observation must be at least every 15 minutes.


• Restraint procedures are in accordance with guidelines endorsed by the designated
health authority.
3.5.4.6. A video camera shall be used to record the inmate before, during and after placement
in the 4-Point Restraint.
3.5.4.7. An inmate shall be placed in a 4-Point Restraint on his back only unless a Restraint
Chair is used. To preclude the possibility of positional asphyxia, inmate shall never
be placed facedown.
3.5.4.8. The inmate placed in a 4-Point Restraint shall be provided temperature-appropriate
clothing, sheet and/or blanket. Under no circumstances shall any inmate remain naked
or without cover unless determined necessary by medical staff.
3.5.4.9. The inmate shall be under continuous watch at all times, unless another monitoring
schedule has been approved by the medical authority or designee. Staff should be
alert to the inmate’s respiration rate; general appearance and possible use of
controlled drugs, or any altered mental state which may affect the inmate in other
ways. The inmate shall be monitored for signs of regurgitation and staff shall take
immediate steps to clear his or her airway should that occur.
3.5.4.10. Medical staff shall initially check the condition of the inmate and then 15 minutes
later a check by security staff shall occur. This observation schedule (alternating
between security and medical staff) shall be conducted every 15 minutes until the
inmate is released from the 4-point restraint. Any medical problems will be reported
to the Warden. These checks shall be documented on form 3-3108-10, Placement in
4-Point Restraints. Professional medical staff shall test the inmate’s breathing and
other vital signs as well as physical and verbal responses.
3.5.4.11. An inmate will not be held in 4-point restraints for more than two hours unless the
original condition still exists and both the medical and security supervisors agree that
restraint remains necessary and can be continued safely.
3.5.4.12. If an inmate remains in 4-point restraints for more than two hours, the inmate may be
afforded the opportunity to use the toilet unless the inmate actively resists or becomes
combative when released from the restraints.
3.5.4.13. The decision to release the inmate or apply less restraint shall not be delegated below
the shift supervisor’s level
3.5.4.14. The shift supervisor may seek advice from mental or medical professionals regarding
when to remove the inmate from the 4-point restraint.
3.5.4.15. Upon release from the 4-point restraint, the inmate shall continue to be monitored
every 15 minutes for two hours since there is a possibility of blood clotting due to the
inmate’s restricted movement during restraint. Staff will continue the observation
schedule (alternating between security and medical staff) established while the
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 9 of 23

restraints were still in place. These checks will also be documented on the form 3-
3108-10, Placement in 4-Point Restraints.
3.5.4.16. No inmate will be left unattended in a 4-point restraint.
3.5.4.17. While in a 4-point restraint, the inmate will not be subjected to any verbal abuse,
taunting or other psychological abuse.
3.5.4.18. The inmate shall be reassured that he or she will be released when the behavior is
under control.
3.5.4.19. Placement in a 4-point restraint should include the following steps:
• Inmate should be clothed in only shirt and pants.
• The inmate should lie on his/her back on the bed and staff shall secure the four
arm and leg straps until snug.
• Each strap should be tightened to the amount necessary so the inmate cannot free
himself/herself nor harm himself/herself with the straps.
• Medical staff shall determine if the restraints are too tight and check for any
injuries that may have occurred. If not previously determined, medical staff shall
review medical records to identify if any medical condition might affect the use of
the restraint. Any conditions will be documented.
• All staff involved in any UOF shall be examined by medical staff for injuries and
the results shall be documented on the appropriate UOF form.
• All relevant information concerning a restrained inmate will be entered in the
Central Control Activity Log, form 3-3106-2. Each log entry shall contain the
date, time, details of the event, visits from any officials, and the signature of the
reporting staff.
• The shift supervisor will complete a UOF packet, including all relevant
documentation, immediately after the application of 4-point restraints by force or
before the end of the shift.
• Each correctional officer shall be trained in approved methods of the UOF and
that use of force is a last resort to control inmates.
3.5.5. Compliant Inmate Placement in Four Point Restraints
3.5.5.1. Documentation of inmates that are compliant when placed in 4-Point Restraints
and therefore do not require the use of force during placement in the 4-Point
restraints, shall be reported as a Level 3 (See level 3.8) Critical Incident, as
outlined in form 3-3006-1, Critical Incident Priority Levels Chart, and form
3-3108-10, Placement in 4-Point Restraints, shall be completed.
3.5.5.2. See form 3-3108-11, Placement Guidelines – Compliant Inmate
3.5.6. Non-Compliant Inmate Placement in Four-Point Restraints
3.5.6.1. Incidents in which inmates resist being placed in the 4-point restraint shall be
reported as a Major UOF with all appropriate documentation.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 10 of 23

3.5.6.2. If a UOF is required to place the inmate in a 4-point restraint, it should be


reported as a Priority 2 UOF incident or elevated to Priority 1 UOF incident if
there is serious injury, as outlined in form 3-3006-1, Critical Incident Priority
Levels Chart.
3.5.6.3. See form 3-3108-121, Placement Guidelines – Non-Compliant Inmate
4. Employing Lethal (Deadly) Force
4.5. Deadly force may be used only for the following incidents:
4.5.1. Risk of death – Substantial risk that the inmate will cause the death of another person.
4.5.2. Serious bodily injury – Substantial risk that the inmate will cause the serious bodily
injury of another person unless deadly force is used.
4.5.3. Escaping inmate – Deadly force may be applied to an escaping inmate from secure
custody if the escape is actually in progress and cannot be prevented in a less violent
manner.
4.5.4. Protection of property – Deadly force may be used to protect property in cases such as
arson, when the act is likely to cause serious bodily injury or death, if the officer
reasonably believes such force is necessary to prevent death or serious bodily injury of
another person.
5. UOF Continuum
5.1. All correctional staff shall be trained in approved methods of self-defense and the use of force
as a last resort to control inmates and then only after all reasonable efforts to de-escalate the
situation have failed. The level of force used in a confrontational situation is directly related to
the amount of inmate resistance, as illustrated in Chart 1. The Use of Force Continuum on the
following page.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 11 of 23

CHART 1. The Use Of Force Continuum


The Role of Inmate Behavior In Determining a Use of Force Response
Reminder: The use of a video camera generally has value in de-escalating most potential uses of force.
Through his/her own actions, an inmate may enter into the continuum at any level. For example in a
situation of NON-COMPLIANCE WITH ORDERS. The inmate’s actions then enter him/her into the continuum
at level 1. Staff response would initially be PHYSICAL PRESENCE, i.e. the actual physical presence of a staff
member. This may resolve the situation without increase in force.
The inmate’s actions may escalate due to a number of factors. The staff member’s justifiable response
should be within the level of resistance or aggression exhibited by the inmate, as per the table below.
An inmate could enter the continuum at Continuum Level 7, in which he or she is escaping or
participating in a lethal assault. Justifiable staff response may be the use of lethal force.
The incident may be resolved at any level of the continuum when the inmate resistance or action stops.
In addition, generally speaking, with a lesser use of force, fewer injuries are incurred, while with a greater
use of force greater injuries generally are incurred.
Resolution
Continuum Inmate Staff
Level Behavior Response Resolution can occur at any time during the confrontational
situation.
PHYSICAL PRESENCE
Non-
Physical The presence of a staff member is enough to ensure compliance
1 Compliance
Presence in the vast majority of instances; therefore an officer’s physical
To Orders
presence should be a constant throughout the UOF.

Complies or VERBALIZATION
Verbal
2 Does Not Verbal orders may be whispered, spoken normally or shouted,
Direction
Comply but verbalization should be constant throughout the UOF.

Passive Soft Hand USE OF SOFT HANDS


3
Resistance Techniques Soft hands are used to control, guide, handcuff the inmate.

Defensive Hard Hand USE OF HARD HANDS


4
Resistance Techniques Hard hands include fists, hand and foot strikes.

USE OF LESS LETHAL OPTIONS


Less Lethal
5 Less than lethal options include chemical agents, OC spray, 4
Options
point restraints.
Active
Aggression
Less Than USE OF WEAPONS WITH LESS THAN LETHAL IMPACT
6 Lethal Weapons with less than lethal impact include projectiles, impact
Weapons weapons, etc.

Lethal USE OF LETHAL FORCE


7 Assaults Or Lethal Force Lethal Force includes the use of anything that has the potential
Escapes to cause death.

6. Authorized Weapons, Ammunition, Chemical Agents and Delivery Systems


Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 12 of 23

Only authorized weapons, ammunition, chemical agents and delivery systems shall be utilized on
LSC facilities in accordance with Chart 2, Authorized/Approved Weapons, Ammunition, Chemical
Agents and Delivery Systems.
CHART 2. Authorized/Approved Weapons, Ammunition, Chemical Agents and
Delivery Systems
Training: Any staff member that employs or uses a weapon or munitions of any type is
required to be trained prior to the issue or use of that weapon, munitions or chemical agent
.40 Smith & Wesson MP
2 Mags
.40 Smith & Wesson MP
3 Mags
Approved weapons and ammunition for all LaSalle Corrections (LSC)
Handguns 357 Revolver facilities. (No other type of weapons and ammunition are approved)
38+P, 18 rounds (6
loaded with 2 speed
loaders of 6 rounds
each)
Approved rifle and ammunition for facilities that have gun towers and
Rifle Rifle - N/A an open field of sight. (Approval for this weapon is submitted to the
LSC Executive Director - Texas).
12 gauge Remington The 12 gauge shotgun is recommended for every LaSalle Corrections
Shotgun
shotgun (LSC) facility.
OC should be the primary agent used in all LaSalle Corrections (LSC)
OC Spray
facilities.
Facilities that can demonstrate a need to use this delivery method may
Pepper ball Launcher -
be approved to use this device. Submit request for approval to the LSC
N/A
Executive Director - Texas.
Aerosol COP and/or OC ‘Carry on Person’ (COP) is approved for all facilities. (Sizes
Foggers sometimes depend on the manufacturer; nevertheless, COP should be
MK-9 weighed and logged prior to issue and after being turned in at the end
OC Spray
of the shift, using the OC Issue Log, form
MK-4
3-3107-2).
Recommend that all facilities be approved for:
Grenades - N/A
OC Blast Dispersion grenades and CS Continuous Burn grenades
The Pepper fogger is only approved for facilities with large recreation
yards.
Pepper Fogger -N/A
CS can be lethal in confined spaces and should only be used in
outdoor areas.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 13 of 23

7. USE OF FIREARMS
7.1. Personal weapons/training/modified rounds
7.1.1. No personal weapons are allowed at any time.
7.1.2. The use of hollow point or modified rounds by officers is at the discretion of the
warden.
7.1.3. All personnel assigned to use firearms must demonstrate firearms competency annually.
7.1.4. Firearms training shall cover the use, safety and care of firearms and the constraints on the
use thereof.
7.2. Weapons are subject to stringent safety regulations and inspections.
7.3. Except in emergency situations, officers carrying firearms are assigned only to watchtowers, gun
walks, mobile patrols or other positions which are inaccessible to inmates.
7.4. Officers supervising inmates outside the secure perimeter of the facility shall follow specific
procedures for ensuring the security of the weapons.
7.5. Officers are instructed to use deadly force only after other actions have been tried and found
ineffective, unless the officer believes that a person’s life is immediately threatened.
7.6. Procedures for posts with weapons
7.6.1. All weapons will contain ammunition, and rounds will be chambered.
7.6.2. At shift change, the oncoming officer will assume the post and verify the ammunition in the
weapons prior to the preceding officer departing the post.
7.6.3. The appropriate post orders shall provide for the safe unloading and reloading of the
firearms.
7.7. The LSC Regional Warden – Texas (RWT) will compile complete instructions regarding
weapons use, storage, loading and unloading and keep the instructions in the post orders for each
armed post.
7.8. Verbal warning will be used prior to the discharge of firearms.
7.9. Unless the situation is immediately life-threatening, a warning shot will be fired before any other
shots. This warning shot shall be fired safely toward the ground.
7.10. If a shot is fired toward an inmate, the intention will be to disable rather than to kill.
7.11. Staff members who are fired upon by an inmate may return fire, but shall take into account the
safety of bystanders or populated areas.
7.12. Only staff members who are weapons-qualified may draw or be authorized to use firearms in the
course of their duties; the EDT will ensure that qualifying standards for all weapons training are
developed in accordance with applicable state regulations and are applied in all training.
7.13. The warden will specify the location and make all regulations regarding the operation of armed
posts, including clear restrictions on taking firearms into the secure area of the facility.
8. STORAGE AND MAINTENANCE OF FIREARMS
8.1. No firearms or ammunition shall be stored within the secure perimeter of the facility without
prior approval by the LSC Regional Warden – Texas and the LSC Executive Director – Texas.
Such approval is required in both Burnet County and Bowie County due to the physical plant of
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 14 of 23

the facility.
8.2. Although firearms shall be cleaned at each facility, repairs shall be accomplished only by trained
personnel.
9. USE OF LESS THAN LETHAL WEAPONS (Chemical Agents)
9.1. Chemical agents are to be used as an alternative to deadly force, unless the threat cannot be
contained by the use of the chemical agents. Chemical agents are used only with the
authorization of the warden or designee.
9.2. The warden may authorize the use of chemical agents:
9.2.1. if the inmate is armed and/or barricaded,
9.2.2. if the inmate cannot be approached without danger to self or others, or
9.2.3. if a delay in controlling the situation would seriously endanger the inmate or others or if
delay would result in a major disturbance or serious property damage
9.3. All personnel authorized to use chemical agents shall receive proper training in such use and in
the treatment of individuals exposed to a chemical agent.
9.4. Security staff should consult medical staff before using chemical agents to determine the medical
conditions of inmates involved unless escalating tension makes such action unavoidable. If
possible, any information regarding the possibility of adverse medical conditions should be
carefully weighed by the shift supervisor and the medical staff prior to the use of chemical
agents.
9.5. If chemical agent is dispersed, the canister shall be returned to Central Control once the situation
is resolved, where it shall be weighed again and logged according to policy. All chemical agent
canisters are weighed upon issue and shall be weighed again upon return of the canister. The
amount used shall be included in the UOF documentation.
9.6. The use of grenades or projectiles and amounts used shall also be included in the documentation
for the Use of Force.
10. AUTHORIZED EQUIPMENT
10.1. Only equipment that is authorized by the EDT shall be utilized in UOF situations. The following
equipment is authorized:
10.2. Recording Equipment
10.2.1. Video cameras/recorders
10.2.2. Still cameras
10.3. Protective Equipment
10.3.1. Riot helmets with face shields attached
10.3.2. Riot shields
10.3.3. Riot batons
10.3.4. Protective masks
10.3.5. Protective vests (i.e., riot, thrust, ballistic)
10.3.6. Guards (i.e., shin, elbow, knee)
10.3.7. Kevlar protective garments
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 15 of 23

10.4. Restraint Equipment


10.4.1. Handcuffs
10.4.2. Handcuff covers
10.4.3. Cuff protectors
10.4.4. Waist or belly chains
10.4.5. Leg irons
10.4.6. Leg chains or restraining belts
10.4.7. Plastic cuffs (disposable type)
10.4.8. Handcuff restraint straps
10.4.9. Leg restraint straps
10.4.10. Facial nets/masks
10.4.11. Psychiatric/mentally impaired restraint equipment including soft ties, mittens, restraining
sheets, tie jackets, rubber or leather belts and cuffs, wristlets and straightjackets
10.4.12. Leg braces and leg tubes may be utilized for Transports.
10.4.13. Restraint beds for 4 point restraints
10.4.14. Restraint Chair
10.4.15. 36” straight, or riot baton
11. EQUIPMENT NOT AUTHORIZED AND CANINE USE
11.1. Water hoses and fire extinguishers are not authorized force equipment and shall not be used as
such, except under emergency situations. However, should contact be made on an inmate with
these items, the contact shall be considered a Major UOF;
11.2. Tasers or Shocking Devices
Tasers or Shocking Devices are NOT authorized to be used under any circumstance;
11.3. Saps, blackjacks, and sap gloves;
11.4. Homemade devices or tools; and
11.5. Canines
11.5.1. Canines are NOT authorized for or during a Use of Force.
11.5.2. The use of canines IS authorized for contraband detection. (Caution must be maintained to
ensure MINIMAL or NO chance of an escalation into a Use of Force with canine presence).
11.6. Any other device or tool not issued or approved by the EDT.
12. EQUIPMENT STORAGE, INVENTORY AND MAINTENANCE
12.1. The warden shall designate an area(s) within the facility for the safe and proper storage of Use of
Force equipment. These areas shall be secure and restricted from all inmate activity.
12.2. The warden shall designate one or more staff to be responsible for the storage maintenance,
inventory, and issuance of Use of Force equipment. This shall include ensuring all equipment is
in excellent condition, readily available, and inventoried as required.
12.3. Readily available means the equipment is available to be issued immediately but only upon
request of authorized supervisory staff, who may then issue such equipment to those officers
they supervise.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 16 of 23

13. PROHIBITED ACTS AND TECHNIQUES


13.1. The following acts and techniques are prohibited.
13.1.1. Choke holds, carotid control holds, and other neck restraints;
13.1.2. Using a baton to apply choke or “come-along” holds to the neck area;
13.1.3. Intentional baton strikes to the head, face, groin, solar plexus, neck, kidneys, or spinal
column;
13.1.4. Striking an inmate for failing to obey an order;
13.1.5. Striking an inmate when grasping or pushing him/her would achieve the desired result;
13.1.6. Using force against an inmate offering no resistance;
13.1.7. Force on an inmate’s neck or face, or in any manner that restricts the blood circulation or
obstructs the inmate’s airways (mouth, nose, neck, esophagus);
13.1.8. Causing physical pain or extreme discomfort. While causing some discomfort may be
unavoidable when applying restraints properly, the supervisor is responsible for staff
compliance with the minimum pressure necessary policy when applying restraints (on the
inmate’s chest, back, neck, etc.).
13.1.9. Examples of prohibited applications include, among others:
13.1.9.1. hog-tying,
13.1.9.2. fetal restraints (cuffed in front with connecting restraint drawn up to create the fetal
position);
13.1.9.3. unnecessarily tight restraints; and
13.1.9.4. improperly applied restraints.
13.1.10. Staff will monitor all inmates placed in restraints.
14. MEDICAL ATTENTION
14.1. In UOF situations, staff shall immediately seek the assistance of professional medical staff upon
gaining physical control of the inmate. Any person injured in an incident shall receive immediate
medical examination and treatment.
14.2. When possible, staff shall seek such assistance at the onset of the violent behavior.
14.2.1. In calculated UOF situations, the UOF team leader shall seek the guidance of qualified heath
personnel (based on a review of the inmate’s medical record) to identify physical or mental
problems.
14.2.2. If the professional medical staff determines that the inmate requires continuing care, e.g., a
pregnant inmate, they shall make necessary arrangements.
14.2.3. Continuing care may involve such measure as admission to the facility hospital, restraining a
pregnant inmate in a way that does not include face down or 4-point restraints, etc.
14.2.4. Professional medical staff shall immediately examine any individual involved in an incident
who reports an injury and, if necessary, provide treatment.
15. DOCUMENTATION FOR A USE OF FORCE
15.1. Report of Incident
15.1.1. Immediate reporting requirements based on the seriousness of UOF incidents are outlined in
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 17 of 23

LSC 3-3006, Critical Incident Reporting and in Chart 3, Critical Incident Reporting Levels,
below.
15.1.2. A UOF number shall be assigned, according to the numbering formula and placed into the
Use of Force Log Book, Form 3-3108-16 by the UOF supervisor. Each UOF shall be
numbered sequentially using the following formula: [(Last two digits of Year, i.e. ‘13’ for
2013) (Numerical Month designation, 01-12) (Two digit day designation, 01-31) (hyphen)
(Unit three letter character abbreviation) + sequential number for month]. Note the last 2
sequential digits begin over at 01 each month. (Example: 130401-ABC01 would be first UOF
for month of April, occurring April 1, 2013 at the ABC unit).
15.1.3. Staff shall prepare a complete UOF packet that identifies the inmate, staff, and others
involved, and provide a complete description of the incident. A complete packet of UOF
forms contain the forms outlined in the chart below.
15.1.4. The packet shall consist of the appropriate UOF forms for each incident involving the:
15.1.4.1. Use of force on an inmate/detainee,
15.1.4.2. Use of weapons (other than unintentional discharge),
15.1.4.3. Use of chemical agents toward an inmate or inmates,
15.1.4.4. Use of pepper spray or other less lethal weapons,
15.1.4.5. Use and/or application of progressive restraints,
15.1.4.6. Any staff member who witnesses the use of force shall complete a UOF form to be
attached to the UOF packet.
15.1.4.7. Copy of the videotape of the UOF.
15.1.5. Jurisdictional Reporting - If, after notification to the jurisdictional authority, the jurisdictional
authority requests additional documentation, a copy of the entire UOF Packet shall be sent to
the appropriate jurisdictional authority.
15.1.6. A UOF Report is not necessary for the general use of restraints (for example, the routine
movement, escort or transfer of inmates).
15.2. Overview of Documentation
15.2.1. UOF incident reporting is completed with the UOF Incident Reporting forms. Any
other non-UOF incident shall be reported by using the standard incident reporting
forms (see LSC 3-3006, Critical Incident Reporting). This prevents the duplication of
reporting of a Use of Force.
15.2.2. UOF Packet Distribution
15.2.2.1. A complete UOF Packet includes the items listed in Chart 4. Use of Force Packet.
15.2.2.2. Electronic copies of the UOF Packet (documentation only) shall be sent to the RWT
at chris@lasallesouthwest.com.
15.2.2.3. An electronic copy of the completed Use of Force Report (form 3-3108-1, pages 1 -
4) shall be sent to the EDT at uoftexss@lasallecorrections.com.
15.2.2.4. All of the original signed documents shall be maintained at the facility in a
chronological file bearing the number of the incident, including original (signed) UOF
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
Page 18 of 23

packet with all the completed forms, backup documentation, photograph(s) and video
tape(s).
15.2.3. UOF documentation, photos and video tapes shall be retained for a minimum of 3 years or
longer if litigation is filed.
15.2.4. Placement of Inmate in 4-point Restraints.
15.2.4.1. Placement of a compliant inmate in 4-point restraints is NOT considered a UOF
incident and shall be governed by policy LSC 3-3006, Critical Incident Reporting.
15.2.4.2. Incidents in which combative inmates require force for placement in 4-point restraints
shall be documented in accordance with the above UOF reporting requirements.
15.2.4.3. With ANY placement of 4-point restraints (compliant or non-compliant inmate), staff
shall document 15-minute checks of the inmates in 4-point restraints, using the form
required for that purpose (form 3-3108-10, 4-Point Restraints Placement Record).
Documentation shall continue until the restraints are removed and for two hours after
removal to ensure that there are no lingering effects of restraint immobilization.
15.2.4.4. The video tape of the non-compliant placement shall be retained for a period of 3 years,
or longer if litigation is filed.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: May 1, 2013
Page 19 of 23

CHART 3. Critical Incident Reporting Priority Levels


NOTE: If force is used in conjunction with any of the incidents described, the incident becomes a Use of Force
(UOF) and policy LSC3-3108, Use of Force, is applicable.

PRIORITY 1 INCIDENTS are those that shall be reported immediately, by telephone, to the LSC Regional
Warden – Texas, who shall then immediately notify the LSC Executive Director - Texas. Priority 1 Incidents
include but are not limited to the following:
Priority 1 Incident Description
1-1. Death Service-related death of inmate, employee, volunteer, or visitor.
1-2. Death by Suicide Suicide deaths only.
1-3. Escape Escape from an adult secure facility.
UOF to resolve a Level 1 Incident within this section of Chart 3. NOTE: If
force is used in conjunction with any of the Level 1 incidents described, the
1-4. Level 1 Use-of-Force (UOF)
incident becomes a Use-of-Force (UOF) and policy LSC3-3108, Use of
Force, is applicable.
1-5. Hostage Situation Actual, suspected, or attempted hostage action
1-6. Riot Riot
Intentional use of a firearm by any person on LSC managed property or
1-7. Firearm Use (Intentional)
transport vehicle.
1-8. Accident or Injury-Serious Serious injury involving inmate, employee or other, which requires off-site
(off- unit medical care of a medical care of a serious nature. (For example, extreme medical measures
serious nature) that require extended time in the hospital).
Extensive property damage resulting from fire, man-made or natural disaster
1-9. Property Damage-Extensive
or inmate actions.
Assault with injuries of any type; assault where a weapon was involved or
1-10. Assault with injuries or sexual assault of any type against a STAFF MEMBER. Report only clearly
sexual assault of any kind defined ASSAULTS. The determination between a fight and an assault
against a STAFF MEMBER. should be based on the investigation. (Always lean toward reporting a higher
level).
1-11. Assault with injuries, of any
Assault with injuries of any type; assault where a weapon was involved on an
kind against an INMATE.
INMATE. Report only clearly defined ASSAULTS. The determination
(Sexual assault should be
between a fight and an assault should be based on the investigation.
reported in 1-14 below.)
Any alleged criminal act committed by a person at the facility, including any
1-12. Criminal Act
act committed by staff that may result in criminal charges.
Rape and/or sexual violence directed toward inmates by anyone (staff or
1-13. PREA Violations
inmate).
Complete power outage in excess of one hour or any time during non-daylight
1-14. Power Outage
hours.
Actual or suspected sabotage resulting in major property damage or prolonged
1-15. Sabotage disruption of operations, such as suspected arson, cut power or telephone
lines, or inoperative heating/cooling equip.
1-16. Attempted suicide An apparent attempt of suicide. Cutting or mutilation is at level 2-5.
1-17. Staff Misconduct Staff Misconduct
1-18. Staff/inmate relationships. Staff/inmate relationships.
1-19. Staff Misconduct of a
All other staff misconduct of a serious nature.
Serious nature.
Any occurrence the Warden believes may result in an unusual level of public
1-99. Other of a serious nature.
attention.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: May 1, 2013
Page 20 of 23

CHART 3. Critical Incident Reporting Priority Levels (Continued)


NOTE: If force is used in conjunction with any of the incidents described, the incident becomes a Use of Force
(UOF) and policy LSC3-3108, Use of Force, is applicable.

PRIORITY 2 INCIDENTS will be reported by telephone, email or fax (within 24 hours) during normal business
hours (or the next business day) to the LSC Regional Warden – Texas. Priority 2 Incidents include, but are
not limited, to the following:
Priority 2 Incident Description
2-1. Attempted Escape Attempted escape
2-2. Level 2 Use of Force Use of restraints or physical force by correctional staff in the performance of their
duties in other than routine inmate movements. UOF to resolve a Level 2 Incident
within this section of Chart 3. NOTE: If force is used in conjunction with any of
the Level 1 incidents described, the incident becomes a Use-of-Force (UOF) and
policy LSC3-3108, Use of Force, is applicable.
2-3. Firearm discharge (Accidental) Accidental discharge of a firearm
2-4. Disallowing any staff member Any time the warden takes action to disallow any staff member from
from entering the facility. entering the facility. (This may include vendor employees where the
warden cannot take action to discipline or terminate.)
2-5. Self-mutilation Cutting that would not be termed as suicidal. (Tattoos should be reported
as a level 3).
2-6. Contraband, Serious Possession or suspected possession by inmates or serious contraband to
include illegal or controlled substances.
2-7. Physical Staff Confrontations Physical confrontations between staff members.
2-8. Physical Inmate Confrontations- Physical altercations between inmates that require the inmate to leave the
Serious. facility for treatment or require a use of force to break up the
confrontation. (If the inmate stays in the hospital for prolonged treatment
this will elevate the critical incident to level 1).
2-9. Contagion Reported or suspected illness from highly contagious diseases
2-10. Property Destruction: Property destruction in excess of $500.00.
2-11. Walk Away
An adult “Walk Away” from a Program or Community Correction Facility
Title VII includes Sexual harassment, Hostile working environment
2-12. Title VII Allegations
allegation, age discrimination, gender discrimination, etc.
2-99. Other Incident with related
severity.
PRIORITY 3 INCIDENTS shall be reported monthly by statistical information only - by the 3rd day of the month.
Some examples of level three are:
Priority 3 Incident Description
3-1. Accident (inmate or staff) Slips, falls, no injury.
3-2. Injuries or accident (No off-unit Injuries or accidents to employees or inmates that may require off unit
medical care or off-unit care of a medical care of a relatively minor level or an injury that does not require
minor nature) off unit medical care.
3-3. Physical Inmate Confrontation Physical inmate confrontation without use of force or injury. (If an inmate
without use of force or injury. is taken off site for treatment it should be a level 2).
3-4. Non dangerous contraband Confiscation or discovery of tobacco, or other non-dangerous contraband.
3-5. Tattooing Inmate Tattooing or discovery of tattooing equipment.
3-99. Other Related severity.
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: May 1, 2013
Page 21 of 23

CHART 4. Use of Force Packet


Documentation needed for the complete UOF packet is listed in the order of assembly.
The original of the complete packet shall be maintained on the unit. UOF Forms
attached to policy LSC 3-3108
Form Number Title of Form
Use of Force Report, a four page form including the Notification Summary,
3-3108-1
Supervisory Summary, Investigative Summary and Executive Summary.
3-3108-2 Employee Participant Statement(s)
3-3108-3 Inmate/Detainee Participant Statement(s).
3-3108-4 Witness Statement(s), including those of employee(s) and inmate(s)
3-3108-5 Inmate Witness Group Refusal.
3-3108-6 Employee/Inmate Use of Force Injury Report.
4-point restraints Placement Record (Only to be included when an inmate has been
3-3108-10 placed in 4 point restraints.) Note: UOF Forms 3108-11 and 3108-12 are 4-Point
Restraint Placement Guidelines and are not part of the UOF packet.
Photographs Attached (Retained at Unit Level with Original of UOF Packet)
Videotape (Retained at Unit Level with Original of UOF Packet)

Completed Use of Force documentation must be emailed upon completion to LSC officials as follows:
1. Form 3-3108-1, Use of Force Report (pages 1-4) to EDT:
(uoftexss@lasallecorrections.com)
2. Entire packet (documentation only, not photos or videotape) to RWT:
(chris@lasallesouthwest.com)
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: May 1, 2013
Page 22 of 23

16. TRAINING
16.1. All staff must be made aware of their responsibilities regarding the Use of Force policy
through ongoing training that shall occur during pre-service training and on an annual
basis thereafter. All personnel shall also be trained in approved methods of self-defense,
confrontation avoidance techniques, and the Use of Force to control inmates.
16.2. The EDT shall insure that these training requirements are met and shall approve all Use
of Force training programs.
16.3. Staff will be made aware of prohibited use-of-force acts and techniques.
16.4. Specialized training shall be required for certain less-than-lethal equipment e.g., OC
Spray.
16.5. Staff members will receive annual training in confrontation avoidance procedures and
forced cell-move techniques, which shall minimally include the following.
16.5.1. Communication techniques;
16.5.2. Cultural diversity;
16.5.3. Dealing with the mentally ill;
16.5.4. Dealing with those who may be under the influence of drugs or alcohol;
16.5.5. Confrontation-avoidance procedures;
16.5.6. Proper application of restraints; and
16.5.7. Reporting procedures.
REVIEW
The LaSalle Corrections Executive Director - Texas and Facility Warden will review this policy
on an annual basis
ATTACHMENTS:
Form 3-3108-1 UOF Reporting Form
Form 3-3108-2 UOF Employee Participant
Form 3-3108-3 UOF Inmate Participant
Form 3-3108-4 UOF Witness Statement
Form 3-3108-5 UOF Group Refusal
Form 3-3108-6 UOF Injury Report
Form 3-3108-9 UOF Document Checklist
Form 3-3108-10 UOF 4 point restraints Placement Record
Form 3-3108-11 UOF Compliant Guidelines NO UOF
Form 3-3108-12 UOF Non-Compliant Guidelines UOF
Policy Number: LSC 3-3108 (03/13)
Subject : Use of Force
Effective Date: May 1, 2013
Page 23 of 23

Form 3-3108-13 UOF Continuum


Form 3-3108-14 UOF Continuation Page
Form 3-3108-15 COP Log
Form 3-3108-16 UOF Log Book (Sample Only)
Form 3-3108-17 Use of Force Cue Sheets
Form 3-3108-18 Use of Force Narrative Script

Policy Approval

Approved for Distribution Signature on file


Facility Warden
Chris Bell
Policy Approved Signature on file
Regional Warden - Texas
Rodney Cooper
Policy Approved Signature on file
Executive Director - Texas

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