Shahjalal University of Science and Technology

Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science

Lab Report
On

Determination of LMTD (log mean temperature difference) by using shell and

tube exchanger
Course code: CEP 272
Lab Group: 04
Submitted to:
Mohammad Rakib Uddin
Assistant Professor
Dept. of CEP, SUST
Md. Shahadat Hossain
Lecturer
Dept. of CEP, SUST
Submitted by:
Name Registration number
Fariha Khan 2016332004
Sourav Sutradhar 2016332005
Tamara Ferdous 2016332008
Arjan Saha 2016332039
Kashfia Nehrin 2016332014
Mahazabin Mim 2016332010
Shubashish Paul Niloy 2016332046
Abu Saleh Al Mahmood 2016332034
Shreya Roy 2016332023
Taslima Islam Nadi 2016332002
Nakib Uddin 2016332056
Mohammad Farhan 2015332049
Razaul Karim 2015332057
Date of submission: 14-10-2018
Contents
Abstract: ........................................................................................................................................................ 3
Introduction: ................................................................................................................................................. 3
Apparatus: ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Methodology:................................................................................................................................................ 4
Result: ........................................................................................................................................................... 4
Abstract:
This experiment was conducted to evaluate and study the performance of the shell and tube heat
exchanger and to find out LMTD (log mean temperature difference). Every run will be using
different flow rate. The LMTD method can be readily used when the inlet and outlet temperatures
of both the hot and cold fluids are known. From our study, we found out that configuration of Shell
and Tube heat exchanger in counter current flow has a higher effectiveness than the co-current
flow.

Introduction:

Heat exchangers are devices that facilitate the exchange of heat between two fluids that are at
different temperatures while keeping them from mixing with each other. Typical heat exchangers
experienced by us in our daily life include condenser and evaporators. Boilers and condensers in
thermal power plants are examples of large industrial heat exchangers. The most common type of
heat exchanger in industrial application is shell and tube heat exchanger.
A heat exchanger is an equipment in which heat exchange takes place between 2 fluids that enter
and exit at different temperatures. The main function of heat exchanger is to either remove heat
from a hot fluid or to add heat to the cold fluid. The direction of fluid motion inside the heat
exchanger can normally categorised as parallel flow, counter flow and cross flow. In this
experiment, we study only the parallel flow and counter flow. For parallel flow, also known as co-
current flow, both the hot and cold fluids flow in the same direction. Both the fluids enter and exit
the heat exchanger on the same ends. For counter flow, both the hot and cold fluids flow in the
opposite direction. Both the fluids enter and exit the heat exchanger on the opposite ends. In this
experiment, we focused on the shell and tube heat exchanger.
Reference: Heat-Exchanger Introduction

Apparatus:
1) Hot water tank
2) Cold water tank
3) Bucket
4) Thermometer
5) Weight machine
6) Stopwatch
Methodology:
Here are the following steps taken for the determination of LMTD:
1) At first, the setup was examined to see that the setup was air tight and there was no
linkage.
2) Two inlet pipes were connected to cold water tank and hot water tank in such a way that
they flow counter way.
3) We put four thermometers in such a way that one on inlet of hot water and one on the
outlet of hot water. Similarly, we put one on the inlet of cold water and one on the outlet
of cold water.
4) These thermometers were checked and temperatures were measured carefully so that we
get accurate measurement.
5) Two buckets were weighted and then this two were set under the outlet pipes.
6) When the hot and cold water started to flow, the countdown of time are started and we
took the thermometer reading.
7) After a certain time, both outlet temperature of cold and hot water were noted.
8) The buckets with hot and cold water were measured by weight machine and flow rates
were also calculated.
9) The above procedures were done again and again until the temperatures became steady.

Result:
Experimental data table:
Table 1:
Number of Hot inlet Hot outlet Cold inlet Cold outlet
observation (T1) (˚C) (T2) (˚C) (T3) (˚C) (T4) (˚C)

1 39 32 28 36
2 54 35 30 40.5
3 55.5 36 30 43
4 58 40 29 44

Table 2:
Theory 1 2 3 4
∆To= T2-T3 4 5 6 11

∆Tl = T1- T4 3 14.5 12.5 14

 3.47 8.92 8.855 12.43
∆To−∆Tl
LMTD= ∆To
𝐿𝑛( )
∆Tl