Ring Bus Reclosing 20121217112215906

ABB Automation, Inc.
Instruction Leaflet
Substation Automation & Protection Division 40-385.5
Coral Springs, FL
Allentown, PA
Effective: January, 1996

Supersedes IL 40-385.5 Numerical Distance Protection
dated November, 1995
REL-300 (MDAR) Relaying
System Version 2.62
ABB Network Partner

MDAR REVISION NOTICE
DATE REV. LEVEL PAGES REMOVED PAGES INSERTED
11/95 Released
CHANGE SUMMARY:
A CHANGE BAR ( ) LOCATED IN THE MARGIN REPRESENTS A

TECHNICAL CHANGE TO THE PRODUCT.
A STAR (*) LOCATED BY THE SUB NUMBER REPRESENTS A

TECHNICAL CHANGE TO THE DRAWING.
I.L. 40-385.6
Significant Changes to Version 2.62 (From V2.60)
1. Corrected the display for 1-a ct style. Now, the angles of currents will be blocked only if the magnitudes
of currents are below 10% of ct rating.
2. Used JMP-3 to perform the following functions.
a) If JMP-3 = OUT, the 150 ms timer for LOPB maintains the same as V2.60, e.g., the LOPB will not block
the distance units if a fault is detected within 150 ms after LOP = 1.
b) If JMP-3 = IN, change the timer of 150 ms to 500 ms for the LOP condition.
3. Removed LOPB and LOI from AL-1 relay and removed GS function. Use GS relay for LOPB or LOIB
alarm (AL-3).
4. Corrected and removed KI0 from 3-phase fault formula for the distance protection and display.
5. Added ITP/ITG to the Reclose logic. For V2.60 and 3ZNP application, MDAR may not give 3-pole reclos-
ing due to ITP/ITG trip if the zone-1 setting is “OUT”.
6. Removed AND144C and OR144D. Used pre-fault voltages (FDOPA & FDOPB & FDOPC) to supervise
AND130 and AND176 for zone-1 and pilot high speed 3-phase fault trip, e.g., the pre-fault voltage super-
vision is always in regardless of the setting of OSB.
7. Used TRSLA/TRSLB/TRSLC (OR54) to replace TRSL/HST at AND49A, AND49E and AND24 due to the
need of single pole application.
8. Added AND144E between OR145 and OR144B for zone-1 and single pole trip. The AND144E has two
inputs - OR145 and X2. The relay should trip on the second fault after the SPT regardless of the phase
type selection.
9. Added an OR76A between AND48A and AND76. Added WFT3 to the input of OR76A. In V2.60, there are
no trip actions for multi-phase fault (Ph-Ph or 3-Ph) with the settings of TTYP=SR3R, STYP=POTT and
WFEN=YES.
10. Changed the SPF logic by removing the gates of OR77E, OR77F, OR77G, AND77A, OR77D. Added
gates AND48G and OR48H and a timer (2/0) between X2 and AND77. Version 2.60 did not show SPF
consistently and might not give RB signal.
11. Added OR72A, OR73A, OR74A for single-pole phase-to-ground fault detection and AND48E, OR48F for
phase fault detection. This is for security purpose especially an evolving fault and/or high-set (ITG) trip
involved.
12. TRSL (NOT) was added to the inputs of AND69, 70, 71 to prevent the SRI due to the pole-span alignment
during the three-pole clearing.
13. Added XB (NOT) and XC (NOT) to AND72 for phase-A (similar changes for phase B, C on gates AND73,
74) to prevent 2-pole trip condition.
14. LOIB timer was changed from 0.5/0.5 seconds to 10/0.5 seconds to insure the trip for zone-2 or zone-3
faults for the long time delay settings of T2 and T3.
15. Corrected the software error to use the pre-fault voltage for the directional units (FDOG/RDOG) after sin-
gle-pole trip.
NOTE: CONVERSION FROM MDAR FIRMWARE VERSION V2.60 TO V2.62 CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED
AS FOLLOWS:
i
I.L. 40-385.5
1. Standard precautions of static voltage discharges should be observed such as using a

grounded wrist strap when handling Integrated Circuits.
2. Remove chips U103 and U104 from the Microprocessor module.
3. Replace chips U103 (G13) and U104 (G14) into the sockets.
4. Reprogram MDAR password through INCOM remote communication.
5. It is recommended to verify the relay’s operation per Section 2 of Appendix A2 (Acceptance/

Maintenance Tests).
IMPORTANT APPLICATION NOTES
1. PILOT SYSTEM
a) The setting of Z3FR must be set to “REV” for system transient block and unequal pole external fault
clearing.
b) The minimum setting of FDGT should be 3 cycles unless for some special application.
c) The carrier equipment for the use of the Blocking System should have a sending/self-receiving feature
in order to block both ends for 3 cycles if a reverse fault is detected.
2. LOAD LOSS TRIP (LLT)

For a system if its maximum tapped load may exceed minimum through-load in the protected line, the
setting of LLT should be set to “NO”. Refer to section 9.12 for the detailed information.
3. RECLOSE APPLICATION
The signals from MDAR to Recloser are Reclose Initiate RI2 (3-pole), RI1 (Single-pole) and Reclose
Block (RB). The Reclose relay should have the following feature: if the Recloser receives RI and RB, the
RB should have the preference and reset/lockout the reclose timer.
SINGLE-POLE TRIP APPLICATION
For a single-pole and high-speed trip application (TTYP=SRI/SR3R), the FDOG trip path for the high resis-
tance ground fault detection may not work for the phase-phase-ground fault condition because the phase
selector shows a fault type of phase-phase fault and it expects the Z1P or PLTP trip only. The purpose of
FDOG is for the detection of single phase with high resistance to ground fault only.
ii
I.L. 40-385.6
! CAUTION
It is recommended that the user of MDAR equipment become acquainted with the information in this instruction
leaflet before energizing the system. Failure to do so may result in injury to personnel or damage to the equip-
ment, and may affect the equipment warranty. If the MDAR relay system is mounted in a cabinet, the cabinet
must be bolted to the floor, or otherwise secured before MDAR installation, to prevent the system from tipping
over.
All integrated circuits used on the modules are sensitive to and can be damaged by the discharge of static elec-
tricity. Electrostatic discharge precautions should be observed when handling modules or individual
components.
ABB does not assume liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein.
ABB reserves the right to make changes to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Spec-
ifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. All possible contingencies which may
arise during installation, operation, or maintenance, and all details and variations of this equipment do not pur-
port to be covered by these instructions. If further information is desired by purchaser regarding a particular in-
stallation, operation or maintenance of equipment, the local ABB representative should be contacted.
© Copyright
ABB Power T&D Company Inc.
Published 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996
All Rights Reserved
ABB does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.
iii
I.L. 40-385.5
Table of Contents
PAGE NO.
Section 1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Section 2 FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Section 3 SYSTEM ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Section 4 INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Section 5 DESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Section 6 OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF SENSING UNITS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Section 7 OPERATOR INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Section 8 SELF-CHECKING AND FUNCTIONAL TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Section 9 OPERATION OF BASIC FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Section 10 OPERATION OF PILOT AND OPTIONAL FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . 10-1
Section 11 COMMUNICATION, FAULT DATA, INTERMEDIATE
TARGET AND OSCILLOGRAPHIC INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Section 12 UNIQUE FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
Section 13 SETTING CALCULATIONS AND SELECTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
APPENDIX
A-1 FULL PERFORMANCE TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1
A-2 ACCEPTANCE/MAINTENANCE TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-13
A-3 SYSTEM DRAWINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-24
Trademarks
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks are listed below. In addition,
terms suspected of being trademrks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. ABB Power T&D Com-
pany Inc. cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as
affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.
IBM and PC are registered trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation.
WRELCOM is the registered trademark of the ABB Power T&D Company Inc.
INCOM is the registered trademark of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation
iv
I.L. 40-385.6
List of Figures
FIGURE NO.PAGE
1 MDAR (REL-300) Relay Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-24

2 Layout of MDAR Modules within Inner and Outer Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-24
4 MDAR (REL-300) Module Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-25
6 MDAR (REL-300) Relay Backplane Board Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-27
7 Overall Flowchart for Microprocessor Software in MDAR (300) Relay . . . . . . . . . A-28
8 Mho Characteristic for ØØ/ØØG Faults (no load flow). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-29
9 Mho Characteristic for ABC Faults (no load flow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-29
10 Mho Characteristic for ØG Faults (no load flow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-30
11 Double Blinder Characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-30
12 Loss-of-Potential Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-31
13 AC Current Monitoring Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-32
15 MDAR (REL-300) Zone-1 Trip Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-33
18 MDAR (REL-300) Highset Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-36
19 MDAR (REL-300) Close-into-Fault Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-36
20 MDAR (REL-300) Unequal-Pole Closing Load Pickup Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-37
21 MDAR (REL-300) Inverse Time Overcurrent Ground Backup Logic. . . . . . . . . . . A-37
22 MDAR (REL-300) Zone-1 Extension Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-38
23 Load-Loss Acellerated Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-37
24 Reclosing Initiation Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-39
25 Load-Loss Accelerated Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-40
26 Pilot Trip Relay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-41
27 POTT/Unblocking, Pilot Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-41
28 Carrier Keying/Receiving Logic in POTT/Unblocking Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-42
29 PUTT Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-43
30 Blocking System Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-44
31 (Blank) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-44
32 (Blank) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-45
33 Weakfeed Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-45
34 FDOG Supplements PLTG for High Rg Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-46
35 Power Reversal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-46
36 Reverse-Block Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-47
37 Unequal-Pole Closing on Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-48
v
I.L. 40-385.5
List of Figures (continued)

38 Simplified MDAR Version 2.60 SPT Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-49
39 MDAR Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-50
40 System Drawing (V2.60) pg 1 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-51
41 System Drawing (V2.60) pg 2 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-52
vi
Instruction Manual
40-385.5
V2.62
NUMERICAL DISTANCE PROTECTION

MDAR (REL-300) RELAYING SYSTEMS

Relay Division
4300 Coral Ridge Drive
Coral Springs, FL 33065 ❖ (954) 752-6700 ❖ (800) 523-2620 ❖ January 1996
MDAR REVISION NOTICE
DATE REV. LEVEL PAGES REMOVED PAGES INSERTED
11/95 Released
CHANGE SUMMARY:
A CHANGE BAR ( ) LOCATED IN THE MARGIN REPRESENTS A

TECHNICAL CHANGE TO THE PRODUCT.
A STAR (*) LOCATED BY THE SUB NUMBER REPRESENTS A

TECHNICAL CHANGE TO THE DRAWING.
I.L. 40-385.6
Significant Changes to Version 2.62 (From V2.60)
1. Corrected the display for 1-a ct style. Now, the angles of currents will be blocked only if the magnitudes
of currents are below 10% of ct rating.
2. Used JMP-3 to perform the following functions.
a) If JMP-3 = OUT, the 150 ms timer for LOPB maintains the same as V2.60, e.g., the LOPB will not block
the distance units if a fault is detected within 150 ms after LOP = 1.
b) If JMP-3 = IN, change the timer of 150 ms to 500 ms for the LOP condition.
3. Removed LOPB and LOI from AL-1 relay and removed GS function. Use GS relay for LOPB or LOIB
alarm (AL-3).
4. Corrected and removed KI0 from 3-phase fault formula for the distance protection and display.
5. Added ITP/ITG to the Reclose logic. For V2.60 and 3ZNP application, MDAR may not give 3-pole reclos-
ing due to ITP/ITG trip if the zone-1 setting is “OUT”.
6. Removed AND144C and OR144D. Used pre-fault voltages (FDOPA & FDOPB & FDOPC) to supervise
AND130 and AND176 for zone-1 and pilot high speed 3-phase fault trip, e.g., the pre-fault voltage super-
vision is always in regardless of the setting of OSB.
7. Used TRSLA/TRSLB/TRSLC (OR54) to replace TRSL/HST at AND49A, AND49E and AND24 due to the
need of single pole application.
8. Added AND144E between OR145 and OR144B for zone-1 and single pole trip. The AND144E has two
inputs - OR145 and X2. The relay should trip on the second fault after the SPT regardless of the phase
type selection.
9. Added an OR76A between AND48A and AND76. Added WFT3 to the input of OR76A. In V2.60, there are
no trip actions for multi-phase fault (Ph-Ph or 3-Ph) with the settings of TTYP=SR3R, STYP=POTT and
WFEN=YES.
10. Changed the SPF logic by removing the gates of OR77E, OR77F, OR77G, AND77A, OR77D. Added
gates AND48G and OR48H and a timer (2/0) between X2 and AND77. Version 2.60 did not show SPF
consistently and might not give RB signal.
11. Added OR72A, OR73A, OR74A for single-pole phase-to-ground fault detection and AND48E, OR48F for
phase fault detection. This is for security purpose especially an evolving fault and/or high-set (ITG) trip
involved.
12. TRSL (NOT) was added to the inputs of AND69, 70, 71 to prevent the SRI due to the pole-span alignment
during the three-pole clearing.
13. Added XB (NOT) and XC (NOT) to AND72 for phase-A (similar changes for phase B, C on gates AND73,
74) to prevent 2-pole trip condition.
14. LOIB timer was changed from 0.5/0.5 seconds to 10/0.5 seconds to insure the trip for zone-2 or zone-3
faults for the long time delay settings of T2 and T3.
15. Corrected the software error to use the pre-fault voltage for the directional units (FDOG/RDOG) after sin-
gle-pole trip.
NOTE: CONVERSION FROM MDAR FIRMWARE VERSION V2.60 TO V2.62 CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED
AS FOLLOWS:
i
I.L. 40-385.5
1. Standard precautions of static voltage discharges should be observed such as using a

grounded wrist strap when handling Integrated Circuits.
2. Remove chips U103 and U104 from the Microprocessor module.
3. Replace chips U103 (G13) and U104 (G14) into the sockets.
4. Reprogram MDAR password through INCOM remote communication.
5. It is recommended to verify the relay’s operation per Section 2 of Appendix A2 (Acceptance/

Maintenance Tests).
IMPORTANT APPLICATION NOTES
1. PILOT SYSTEM
a) The setting of Z3FR must be set to “REV” for system transient block and unequal pole external fault
clearing.
b) The minimum setting of FDGT should be 3 cycles unless for some special application.
c) The carrier equipment for the use of the Blocking System should have a sending/self-receiving feature
in order to block both ends for 3 cycles if a reverse fault is detected.
2. LOAD LOSS TRIP (LLT)

For a system if its maximum tapped load may exceed minimum through-load in the protected line, the
setting of LLT should be set to “NO”. Refer to section 9.12 for the detailed information.
3. RECLOSE APPLICATION
The signals from MDAR to Recloser are Reclose Initiate RI2 (3-pole), RI1 (Single-pole) and Reclose
Block (RB). The Reclose relay should have the following feature: if the Recloser receives RI and RB, the
RB should have the preference and reset/lockout the reclose timer.
SINGLE-POLE TRIP APPLICATION
For a single-pole and high-speed trip application (TTYP=SRI/SR3R), the FDOG trip path for the high resis-
tance ground fault detection may not work for the phase-phase-ground fault condition because the phase
selector shows a fault type of phase-phase fault and it expects the Z1P or PLTP trip only. The purpose of
FDOG is for the detection of single phase with high resistance to ground fault only.
ii
I.L. 40-385.6
! CAUTION
It is recommended that the user of MDAR equipment become acquainted with the information in this instruction
leaflet before energizing the system. Failure to do so may result in injury to personnel or damage to the equip-
ment, and may affect the equipment warranty. If the MDAR relay system is mounted in a cabinet, the cabinet
must be bolted to the floor, or otherwise secured before MDAR installation, to prevent the system from tipping
over.
All integrated circuits used on the modules are sensitive to and can be damaged by the discharge of static elec-
tricity. Electrostatic discharge precautions should be observed when handling modules or individual
components.
ABB does not assume liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein.
ABB reserves the right to make changes to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. Spec-
ifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. All possible contingencies which may
arise during installation, operation, or maintenance, and all details and variations of this equipment do not pur-
port to be covered by these instructions. If further information is desired by purchaser regarding a particular in-
stallation, operation or maintenance of equipment, the local ABB representative should be contacted.
© Copyright
Published 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996
All Rights Reserved
ABB does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.
iii
I.L. 40-385.5
Table of Contents
PAGE NO.
Section 1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Section 2 FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Section 3 SYSTEM ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Section 4 INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Section 5 DESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Section 6 OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF SENSING UNITS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Section 7 OPERATOR INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Section 8 SELF-CHECKING AND FUNCTIONAL TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Section 9 OPERATION OF BASIC FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Section 10 OPERATION OF PILOT AND OPTIONAL FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . 10-1
Section 11 COMMUNICATION, FAULT DATA, INTERMEDIATE
TARGET AND OSCILLOGRAPHIC INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Section 12 UNIQUE FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
Section 13 SETTING CALCULATIONS AND SELECTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
APPENDIX
A-1 FULL PERFORMANCE TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1
A-2 ACCEPTANCE/MAINTENANCE TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-13
A-3 SYSTEM DRAWINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-24
Trademarks
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks are listed below. In addition,
terms suspected of being trademrks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. ABB Power T&D Com-
pany Inc. cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as
affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.
IBM and PC are registered trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation.
WRELCOM is the registered trademark of the ABB Power T&D Company Inc.
INCOM is the registered trademark of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation
iv
I.L. 40-385.6
List of Figures
FIGURE NO.PAGE

2 Layout of MDAR Modules within Inner and Outer Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-24
4 MDAR (REL-300) Module Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-25
6 MDAR (REL-300) Relay Backplane Board Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-27
7 Overall Flowchart for Microprocessor Software in MDAR (300) Relay . . . . . . . . . A-28
8 Mho Characteristic for ØØ/ØØG Faults (no load flow). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-29
9 Mho Characteristic for ABC Faults (no load flow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-29
10 Mho Characteristic for ØG Faults (no load flow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-30
12 Loss-of-Potential Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-31
13 AC Current Monitoring Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-32
18 MDAR (REL-300) Highset Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-36
19 MDAR (REL-300) Close-into-Fault Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-36
20 MDAR (REL-300) Unequal-Pole Closing Load Pickup Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-37
21 MDAR (REL-300) Inverse Time Overcurrent Ground Backup Logic. . . . . . . . . . . A-37
22 MDAR (REL-300) Zone-1 Extension Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-38
23 Load-Loss Acellerated Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-37
24 Reclosing Initiation Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-39
25 Load-Loss Accelerated Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-40
26 Pilot Trip Relay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-41
27 POTT/Unblocking, Pilot Trip Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-41
28 Carrier Keying/Receiving Logic in POTT/Unblocking Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-42
29 PUTT Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-43
30 Blocking System Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-44
31 (Blank) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-44
32 (Blank) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-45
33 Weakfeed Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-45
34 FDOG Supplements PLTG for High Rg Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-46
35 Power Reversal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-46
36 Reverse-Block Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-47
37 Unequal-Pole Closing on Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-48
v
I.L. 40-385.5
List of Figures (continued)

38 Simplified MDAR Version 2.60 SPT Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-49
39 MDAR Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-50
41 System Drawing (V2.60) pg 2 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-52
vi
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
1.1 IINTRODUCTION 1.2.2 Single pole trip logic.

MDAR (REL-300) version 2.60 is a special design for (a) Use trip signals TRSLA, TRSLB, TRSLC and
China. It meets the general operation practices in the resetting of faulted phase current signal for
China. pole-disagreement identification.
MDAR (REL-300) version 2.60 is a microcontroller- (b) The SPF, ROF and 62T logic for SPT have
based line protection system. All measurement, pro- been modified.
tection and logic functions are performed by numeri-
1.2.3 Due to the hardware limitation, the Stub bus
cal/digital means. The basic relay provides three
and 3-terminal protection function are not available in
zones of distance protection with instantaneous version 2.60.
directional high set trip and directional inverse time
overcurrent ground backup functions. MDAR (REL- 1.2.4 Load restriction for long line application is not
300) version 2.60 also has metering, fault location, included in version 2.60 based on the specification
oscillographic and communication capabilities. (refer to EPRI’s Figure 1, dated 6/92).
1.2.5 Optional programmable output contact
The capabilities of the basic MDAR (REL-300) ver-
arrangement is not available in version 2.60.
sion 2.60 can be expanded to include any one or all
of the optional functions, such as out-of-step block, 1.2.6 External wirings are different from the ver-
pilot zone and single-pole trip. It may be used for sion 2.10.
transmission line protection at any voltage level. 1.3 MDAR (REL-300) DESIGN CONCEPTS
1.2 MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN The MDAR (REL-300) design concept is to provide a
VERSIONS 2.60 AND 2.10 design that combines ABB's relay design, manufac-
The hardware of the MDAR (REL-300) version 2.60 turing and application experience with new technol-
is the same as the standard MDAR (REL-300) ver- ogy to insure a product that will meet the needs of a
sion 2.10, except the software is modified in the fol- broad range of electric utility operations to satisfy
lowing areas: today's requirements and provide direction for tomor-
row's solutions, with hardware design simplicity and
1.2.1 Out-of-step logic. increased software functionality.
(a) OSB function is selectable. The selected OSB 1.3.1 The MDAR (REL-300) is designed for the
blocks Z1/Z2 /pilot 3Ø-unit only. (note, it does protection engineer
not supervise Z3).
It enables the engineer to easily apply the appropri-
(b) The logic of using double blinder with OS timer ate functional capabilities of MDAR (REL-300) to
for OS detection is similar to the OS logic in the meet a specific applications requirement.
standard MDAR (REL-300) version 2.10,
except the OS timer is changed from 50/0 to Fault data and oscillographic information are also
50/(500, 1000) ms (i.e., setable reset timer). available through remote communications to aid the
engineer to more effectively analyze system faults
(c) For Z1 and pilot OSB, besides the normal logic and relay operations for future system design consid-
of [(21BO and not 21BI) and (OS timer)] for eration.
supervision, an 200/(500, 1000) ms timer and
logic are added to the circuit for blocking when 1.3.2 The MDAR (REL-300) is designed for system
the 21BI is operated for longer than 200 ms. operations
(d) Separated out-of-step override timers, OSOT1 It provides operations the means to quickly access
and OSOT2, for Z1 and Z2. Timer range is fault location data, thereby minimizing transmission
(500, 1000/0) ms in stead of 400-4000/0 ms. line outage times.
1-1
I.L. 40-385.5
Also, MDAR (REL-300)'s continuous self checking 1.5 REFERENCES:

diagnostics and failure alarm forewarns operations of
problem areas, permitting prompt corrective actions. Catalog number presently available at this applica-
tion are: (the last digit “C” represents the “China soft-
1.3.3 The MDAR (REL-300) is designed for the
ware” version 2.60 as described for step A
maintenance department
modifications)
MDAR (REL-300)'s compact drawout design with a
front panel operator's interface and test switches pro- MD-3A2SPFRC 3-pole trip, 1 amp ct, 250 Vdc,
vides for easier installation and testing. The hard- with OSB, Pilot system, FT-
ware design simplicity utilizing minimum components switch and RS-232 communica-
of proven reliability, self checking diagnostics and
tion device.
failure alarm make the MDAR (REL-300) virtually
maintenance free. All of these contribute to saving MD-1B2SPFCC Single-pole trip, 5 amp ct, 250
maintenance program time, effort, travel and cost to
Vdc, with OSB, Pilot system, FT-
keep relays in the proper operating condition.
switch and INCOM communica-
1.3.4 The MDAR (REL-300) is designed for utility tion device.
management
It provides management the means to effectively MD-3B2SPFCC 3-pole trip, 5 amp ct, 250 Vdc,
address cost reduction and customer service goals with OSB, Pilot system, FT-
through assuring the implementation of MDAR (REL- switch and INCOM communica-
300) and related technologies to their full advantage. tion device.
1.4 BENEFITS
MD-3A2SPFCC 3-pole trip, 1 amp ct, 250 Vdc,
There is no question of the potential benefits the with OSB, Pilot system, FT-
microprocessor can bring to the system protection switch and INCOM communica-
function, as well as the overall operation of the elec- tion device.
tric utility. The implementation of these technologies
will be paced as we gradually grow into the future, MD-1B2SPFRC Single-pole trip, 5 amp ct, 250
changing and improving our concepts of operating
Vdc, with OSB, Pilot system, FT-
requirements.
switch and RS-232 communica-
And we have with MDAR (REL-300), a product tion device.
designed for today's requirements and tomorrow's
solutions, simply and logically. System drawing for this application is 2690F96.
1-2
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 2. FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION
2.1 STANDARD FUNCTIONS FOR PILOT MDAR (b) Overcurrent supervision of phase and ground
(REL-300) VERSION 2.60 distance units.
2.1.1 3 Step Distance Phase And Ground With (c) Loss-of-potential supervision (LOPB).
Independent Pilot Phase And Ground Zones
(Each Zone Has 4 Impedance Units) (d) Loss-of-current monitoring (LOI).
(a) Z1P/Z1G (zone-1 with selectable 0 to 15 (e) Close-into-fault trip (CIFT) with LV-unit supervi-
cycles, in 1.0 cycle steps T1 timer), sion.
(b) Z2P/Z2G (zone-2 with separated phase and (f) (Unequal-pole-closing load pickup trip logic.
ground timers, each timer can be disabled
independently), (g) Selectable loss-of-load accelerated trip logic
(LLT).
(c) Z3P/Z3G (zone-3, reversible directional with
separated phase and ground timers, each timer (h) Transient block logic for power reversal (TBM).
can be disabled independently).
(i) Weakfeed trip application.
(d) PLTP/PLTG (pilot zone).
(j) Reclose block on breaker failure squelch.
2.1.2 Selectable instantaneous forward directional
overcurrent function for high Rf ground fault (k) Selectable Dual or Zero sequence voltage
supplement to overreach pilot, with adjust- polarizing, or Negative sequence quantities
able 0-15 cycle timer in 1 cycle steps. operated directional element for ground unit
2.1.3 Selectable inverse time directional or non- supervision.
directional overcurrent ground backup (GB, (l) Programmable reclosing initiation (RI) and
with similar CO-2, CO-5, CO-6, CO-7, CO-8, reclosing block outputs (RB); Reclose initiate
CO-9 AND CO-11 characteristics). can be enabled with the selection of:
2.1.4 Directional high-set instantaneous direct trip
including 3 phase and one ground overcur- 1PR — reclose on ØG faults
rent units (ITP/ITG) for SPT/3PT applica- 2PR — reclose on ØG/ØØ/ØØG faults
tions. 3PR — reclose on ØG/ØØ/ØØG/3Ø faults
2.1.5 Instantaneous reverse directional overcurrent (m) Continuous self-check function.

ground function for carrier ground start on
blocking scheme. (n) Fault locator function.
2.1.6 Scheme selection: (o) 16 fault records storage with selectable capture
mode.
(a) Non-pilot 3-Zone distance.
(p) 16 sets of oscillographic data with selectable
(b) Zone-1 extension.
OSC data capture mode.
(c) Blocking.
(q) Line voltage, current and phase angle monitor.
(d) PUTT (permissive underreach transfer trip).
(r) Real time clock.
(e) POTT (permissive overreach transfer trip) and
Unblocking. (s) Breaker trip circuit test.
2.1.7 Additional/Unique functions: (t) Push-to-close test for output contacts.
(a) Current and voltage change fault detectors (∆I, (u) Software switches for functional tests (e.g. TK
∆V). and RS1).
2-1
I.L. 40-385.5
(v) Trip contact sealed in by trip current; and 2.2 OPTIONAL FUNCTIONS
selectable dropout delay timer (0/50 ms.).
2.2.1 Optional FT-14 switches.
(w) Selectable trip alarm seal-in.
2.2.2 Optional Single-pole-trip function with special
(x) RS-232C/PONI or INCOM/PONI data commu- design logic for China. This function includes
nication attachments. the following functions:
(y) Out-of-step block function with special design (a) SPT/SRI on first fault.
logic for China.
(b) 3PT/RB if reclosing on a permanent fault.
(c) 3PT/RB if second phase(s) fault during single-

phasing.
(d) 3PT on a preset time limit (62T) if the system

fails to reclose.
(e) Trip/RI mode selection.
2-2
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 3. SYSTEM ASSEMBLY
3.1 THE COMPLETE MDAR (REL-300) LINE ule. The backplane module is mounted on the outer
PROTECTION SYSTEM chassis. All of the relay circuitry is located on the
The complete MDAR (REL-300) Line Protection Sys- other modules, mounted on the inner chassis, to
tem is housed in a 19-inch rack-mount package, 4 which the front panel is attached. The inner chassis
rack units (7 inches, 177.8 mm.) high, 19.0 inches slides in or out of the outer chassis from the front.
(482.6 mm.) width, 14.0 inches (356 mm.) depth, The backplane module receives all external connec-
weight 35 lbs. (16 kgs), as shown in Figure 1. It con- tions (with or without the FT-14 switch option), and
sists of 6 basic and one optional modules. The 6 connects directly to the interconnect module, thru
basic modules are backplane module, interconnect plug-in connectors which provide the connection
module, power supply module, filter module, micro- between outer and inner chassis. Mating connectors
processor module and operator interface module. An inside the case eliminate the need to disconnect
INCOM communication network interface or RS- external wiring when the inner chassis is removed.
232C port provides remote data communication. The
two optional FT-14 switches are also available, as The INCOM or RS-232C PONI is mounted on the
shown in Figure 2. Backplate of the outer chassis and is connected to
the Backplane module.
For single-pole tripping applications, an optional sin-
gle-pole trip module is added with the extra relays for 3.3 INTERCONNECT MODULE
tripping and BFI functions. The interconnect module becomes the floor of the
All user connections, including the serial data port for MDAR (REL-300) inner chassis: it provides electrical
communication, are on the rear panel. The front connections from the backplane module to the other
panel presents controls and displays for the operator; modules. Two dc power fuses, two alarm relays (fail-
on either side are the (optional) type FT-14 test ure alarm AL1 and trip alarm AL2), and seven optical
switches. The test switches permit convenient and isolation circuits are included on the interconnect
safe disconnection of trip and ac input circuits, and module in addition to the signal routing and connec-
make it easy for the user to inject test signals. tors to the other modules. The failure alarm relay AL1
is normally picked up, but the processor will deener-
An overall block diagram and the display panel of gize it when a problem is found. The trip alarm relay
MDAR (REL-300) relay are as shown in Figures 3 AL2 will be sealed-in if the AL2S is set to YES. Sta-
and 4, respectively. tus input information is interfaced to the microproces-
3.2 BACKPLANE MODULE sor via seven optical isolators. They are:
The analog input circuitry consists of seven trans- • the status inputs from the breaker auxiliary con-
formers. Four currents (IA, IB, IC, and IP) and three tact “52b”,
voltages (VA, VB and VC). The Ip input is used for • the pilot channel receiver output “RX1”,
zero-sequence dual-polarizing ground current mea-
surement; the input is from the power transformer • the external “pilot enable” switch, (it is equiva-
lent to the 85CO device in a conventional pilot
neutral ct (Figure 5). The seven isolation transform-
system),
ers are mounted on the transformer board which is
attached to the backplane module (Figure 2). They • the external target reset switch,
drive resistive burdens to develop a secondary volt- • the three status inputs, XTRIPA, XTRIPB and
age which will be proportional to the primary input. XTRIPC, from the external trip circuits for SPT
The current transformers are non-gapped. DC offset application.
attenuation is done with a digital filtering algorithm.
Terminals for these signal connections are located on
The first-line surge protection for each input and out- the rear panel of the outer chassis (Figure 6). The
put terminals are also located on the backplane mod- input voltage level of these optical isolators can be
3-1
I.L. 40-385.5
selected by setting the jumpers, JMP1 thru JMP6 delay on dropout if jumper JMP4 on the processor
and JMP13, on the interconnect module. JMP7 and module is on. The General Start contact (GB) is pro-
JMP9 should always be selected for XTRIPB applica- vided for starting the external recorder.
tion.
Contacts from K8, K9 and K13 provide inputs to the
The trip alarm will be sealed-in, until externally reset microprocessor module. Reed relays K8 and K9 are
(local or remote), if the AL2S (alarm-2 seal-in) is built-in the trip circuits for sensing the trip coil current
selected to YES. The relay failure alarm (alarm-1) will flow and seal-in the trip output relay if the trip coil cur-
self reset once the abnormal condition has been rent is higher than 0.5 amps.
removed.
The System Test relay K13 is normally energized
3.4 POWER SUPPLY MODULE through an external jumper, terminals 13 and 14 on
The power supply module provided isolation from the 2FT-14, connected to the DC supply voltage (Figure
station battery and includes overcurrent and overvolt- 5). During system testing K13 is de-energized by
age protection. Status monitoring (self-check) is opening an FT switch which disables the reclose ini-
accomplished via a failure alarm relay (AL-1). the fail- tiate relays, K5 and K6. The above mentioned exter-
ure alarm relay is normally pickedup, but the proces- nal jumper also direct control the power supply for
sor de-energize it when a problem is found. Loss of the BFI relay K3.
potential (LOP) and loss of current (LOI) are indi- 3.5 FILTER MODULE
cated by a GS reed relay (AL-3) which is normally
de-energized. The GS relay will be picked up for a The filter module contains the anti-aliasing filters for
total ac power loss. Front panel test points are the analog inputs, IA, IB, IC, IP, VAG, VBG and VCG.
included for all power supply voltages. The power The analog inputs are supplied from the isolation
supply module is available in three ranges: transformers via the backplane and the interconnect
modules. The filter analog signal outputs are sup-
38-70 Vdc 88-145 Vdc 176-290 Vdc. plied to the microprocessor module. The active low-
Twelve output relays are also located on the power pass filters are third-order Butterworth filters with a
supply module. Their functions are: cutoff frequency of 240 Hz. This meets the Nyquist
Relay Function Type Contacts Rating

K1 Trip A Telephone SPDT 10 A
K2 Trip A Telephone SPDT 10 A
K3 Breaker failure initiate Telephone DPDT 5A
K4 Carrier stop (STOP) Reed *1A or 1B 24 V
K5 SRI (RI1) Telephone DPDT 5A
K6 3RI (RI2) Telephone DPDT 5A
K7 RB Telephone DPDT 5A
K8 K1 Breaker current monitor Reed Form A 0.5 A
K10 Carrier send (SEND) Reed *1A or 1B 24 V
K13 System test Telephone DPDT 5A
K14 Alarm-3 (GS for LOP & LOI) Reed 1A 24 V
* See Section 4 paragraph 4.2 (4) for more information
Contacts from K1 thru K7, K10 and K14 are wired out criterion for the MDAR (REL-300) sampling rate of 8
for external uses. All trip, BFI, RI1, RI2 and RB con- samples per cycle (480 Hz at 60 Hz and 400 Hz at 50
tacts are provided for two breaker applications (Fig- Hz).
ure 6). The trip output contacts will have a 50 ms.
3-2
I.L. 40-385.5
3.6 MICROPROCESSOR MODULE 3.7 OPERATOR INTERFACE (OR DISPLAY)

MODULE
The MDAR (REL-300) microprocessor module con-
trols the MDAR (REL-300) system. It contains the An illustration of the display module appears in Fig-
A/D conversion circuitry, the I/O circuitry and the ure 4. It includes function and value display fields.
following components: Each is a 4-character, 14 segment, blue color vac-
uum fluorescent, alphanumeric display, 0.7 inch high.
One microcontroller (U100) — The Intel 80C196KB A software display saver is built-in. The MDAR (REL-
microcontroller is a 16-bit CMOS processor operates 300) display will be on only 5 minutes after turning in
at 10 MHz frequency with two 16-bit timer/counters, a the DC power supply, or depressing any one of the
high-Speed I/O subsystem, 230 bytes of on-chip front panel pushbutton or detecting any fault on the
RAM, a watchdog timer, a serial port and numerous line. LED's show display modes. Pushbutton
I/O lines. switches, (no external equipment is required), are
used to change modes, read target or operation data,
EPROMs (U103 and U104) — Two separate, eas- call metering displays and enter settings.
ily-replaceable EPROM chips are for program mem-
A detailed description of the operator interface is
ory.
included in Chapter VII.
PAL (U105) — For programmable Array Logic.
3.8 OPTIONAL SINGLE-POLE TRIP MODULES
RAMs (U200 AND U201) — Two volatile read-write
The optional module is required for single-pole trip-
memory chips are for working storage. ping application. It plugs to the interconnect module,
and is steadied by a center support bar.
NOVRAM (U202) — One non-volatile RAM is for the
storage of settings, targets and data when the relay The circuitry associated with the tripping of phases B
is deenergized. and C is located on this module and is identical to the
phase A trip circuit located on the power supply mod-
A battery back-up real-time clock (U501) supplies ule. The functions of the ten relays on the optional
time and date information for time stamping target module are shown in chart below:
data. The real-time clock can be set through the front
panel operator interface or using the RS-232C port or 3.9 COMMUNICATION ATTACHMENTS
the INCOM communication. (Refer To Chapter 11 For Detail)
Relay Function Type Contacts Rating
K1 Trip B Telephone SPDT 10 A
K2 Trip B Telephone SPDT 10 A
K5 Trip C Telephone SPDT 10 A
K6 Trip C Telephone SPDT 10 A
3-3
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 4. INSTALLATION
4.1 EXTERNAL WIRINGS application for version 2.60.
As shown in Figure 5, the power system ac quantities JMP8/JMP10, are not used for version 2.60.
VA, VB, VC, VN, IA, IB, IC and IP, as well as the dc JMP11 to JMP12 are factory set for MDAR
source are connected to the left side 1FT-14 switch (REL-300) style with FT-14.
(front view). All the trip contact outputs are connected
(3) Jumpers on Processor Module
to the right side 2FT-14 switch (front view). Switches
13 and 14 on the right side 2FT-14 may be used for JMP1, JMP8 and JMP9 are for EEPROM and
disabling the BFI/RI control logic when performing RAM circuits, normally factory set to position 1-
functional tests. 2, unless specified.
JMP2 set at position 2-3 for MDAR (REL-300)
The INCOM or RS232 PONI communication box is system with single-pole trip,i.e., catalog num-
mounted thru the backplate of the outer chassis and ber MD1xxxxxxx.
connected to the Backplane module.
Set at position 1-2 for MDAR (REL-300) system
Dry contact outputs for breaker failure initiation (BFI), without single-pole trip, i.e. catalog number
reclosing initiation (RI), reclosing block (RB), carrier MD3xxxxxxx.
send (SEND), carrier stop (STOP), failure alarm (AL- JMP3 set to OUT position for version 2.60.
1) and trip alarm (AL-2) are located on the backplane JMP4 should normally be set to OUT. Set it to
board (Figure 6). Terminals for the seven optical iso- IN position for enabling the trip contact with 50
lators are used for RCVR1, Pilot Enable, External ms dropout time delay feature.
Reset, 52b, XTRIPA, XTRIPB and XTRIPC, and
JMP5 should normally be set to OUT. Set it to
studs for chassis ground (GND) are also on the back-
IN position for enabling the output contact tests
plane board. The three external trip contacts
feature.
XTRIPA, XTRIPB and XTRIPC are labeled on the
MDAR (REL-300) relay as 52a, SBP and RCVR2, JMP6 should normally be set to OUT, except
respectively. for making A/D converter calibration.
JMP7 does not exist.
4.2 JUMPERS
JMP10 to JMP12 are not used.
There are several jumpers on the interconnect and
(4) Jumpers on Power Supply Module
microprocessor modules for different functions.
Proper jumper position should be set for different JMP1 Carrier STOP function, position 1-2 for
applications. The jumpers are: NO contact, and 2-3 for NC contact output.
(1) External Jumper JMP2 Carrier SEND function, position 1-2 for
NO contact, and 2-3 for NC contact output.:
An external jumper is permanently
wired to terminals 2 and 4 of 2FT-14
for BFI/RI enable, Figures 5. When Positions for Power Supply Voltage
either or both of these switches is
opened, the BFI and RI output relays JMP1 XTRIPC 15/20, 48/125, 220/250 Vdc
are deenergized to prevent BFI/RI JMP2 Pilot enable 15/20, 48/125, 220/250 Vdc
contact closures during system func-
tional test. JMP3 Channel receiver 15/20, 48/125, 220/250 Vdc
(2) Jumpers on Interconnect Module JMP4 External reset 15/20, 48/125, 220/250 Vdc
The jumpers shown in the chart are JMP5 52b contact 15/20, 48/125, 220/250 Vdc
factory set for 48/125 Vdc input when JMP6 XTRIPA 15/20, 48/125, 220/250 Vdc
the relay is shipped. Refer to Figure
6, set JMP7 and JMP9 to IN for SPT JMP13 XTRIPB 15/20, 48/125, 220/250 Vdc
4-1
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 5. DESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE
All currents and voltages for MDAR (REL-300) sys- An important detail not shown in Figure 7 is that
tem, as shown in Figure 3, are sampled and con- many of the checks are broken into small parcels, so
verted into digital quantities and input to the micro- that the whole complement of tasks is performed
processor where all signal processing takes place. over an one-cycle period, eight passes through the
The system timing and software design is based on loop. some of the checks are done more than once
the power line frequency. The analog inputs are con- each cycle.
tinuously sampled 8 times per power line cycle.
During non-fault operation, the programs follow the
The first activity of each sample period is the sam- Background Mode loop. The processor uses its
pling of the seven analog inputs and computation of spare time to check its hardware, service the opera-
the Fourier and sum of squares components. The tor panel and check for a disturbance in voltage or
remainder of the activity for each sample period is current which indicates a possible fault. If a distur-
determined by the mode of operation (background or bance is seen, the programs switch to fault mode, for
fault mode) and the number of the sample period (0 several power cycles or longer, to perform phase and
or 7). ground unit checks for each zone and function.
MDAR (REL-300) has an internal mode of operation The instantaneous voltage and current sampling val-
which is generally controlled by the status of the pro- ues are converted to RMS and phasor values using a
tected line. There are three normal software modes: Fourier notch-filter algorithm. an additional dc offset
initialization Mode is maintained for one cycle after correction algorithm reduces overreach errors from
the MDAR 9REL-300) relay is energized or reset; decaying exponential transients.
Background Mode is the normal operating mode; 5.2 INITIALIZAITON
Fault Mode handles high-speed tripping. Calibration
Mode is the fourth mode of operation which is The initialization routine is executed upon power up
entered after Initialization Mode if JMP6 on the pro- of the MDAR (REL-300) relay. All microcomputer
cessor module is installed. input and output pins and internal control registers
are initialized. The system self-checks are per-
5.1 FLOW CHART formed. If a failure is detected, the failure alarm relay
is de-energized and the failure code is displayed. The
The MDAR (REL-300) system software is written in system remains in Initialization Mode for the first
80C196 Assembly Language. cycle of data collection. No tripping occurs during this
The software flow is based on the sampling rate and cycle.
the 60 Hz line frequency. There are eight states per Upon successful completion of the initialization rou-
cycle, which correspond to the eight sample per tine, the program jumps to the initial cycle at a sam-
cycle sampling rate. Movement from state to state is pling routine where input signal processing begins.
controlled by a timer. The timer is loaded with a state
time at the beginning of the state. The code executed 5.3 BACKGROUND MODE
within a state should be completed before the timer MDAR (REL-300) detects faults by direct computa-
expires. The software then waits for the timer to time tion (not analog). The relay normally operates in a
out. Background Mode when no fault is present.
Figure 7 shows a simplified flowchart for the relaying The input currents and voltages are sampled and
programs in MDAR (REL-300). All programs are processed to compute RMS and phasor values. The
included in a loop, as shown, which the processor sum of squares and the sums of the Fourier coeffi-
repeats eight times per power cycle. Most functions cients are updated each sample using information
are performed all of the time in the background from the previous seven samples to provide a full
mode, as shown. cycle of data. The RMS and the phasor values of the
5-1
I.L. 40-385.5
current and voltage are updated once a cycle. The trolled. Metering of the analog inputs, updating the
values from the previous cycle are operated on while target information for display purposes, and checking
the present cycle of data is being collected. the validity of the settings in the nonvolatile memory
The Fourier coefficients and sums, as well as the are other functions performed only in Background
sum of squares of the inputs are calculated and Mode.
accumulated to provide RMS and phasor values of
current and voltage for distance measurement and Fault detection is in effect at all time in Background
metering display. The RMS value of the ground cur- Mode. Each sampled value of current and voltage is
rent is also needed for inverse-time ground protec- compared to the sampled value from the previous
tion. cycle. If the difference exceeds the established
threshold, a fault is suspected and Fault Mode is
Several functions are performed only in Background
Mode. The servicing of the operator interface is one entered. The zone-2 and zone-3 time delay distance
of these functions; the display is updated, pushbut- protection are performed in both Background Mode
tons are acknowledged, and the LED’s are con- and Fault Mode.
5-2
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 6. OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF SENSING UNITS
6.1 DISTANCE MEASUREMENT It should be noted that the unit may lose its direction-
PRINCIPLE ality if [IX + Ko(Io)] ZCG product is higher than the
phase voltage VXG. Correction of this problem is to
MDAR (REL-300) consists of 3 step dis- supervise the distance unit with FDOG unit.
tance zones and one optional pilot distance
6.1.2 3Ø fault detection
zone. Each zone consists of four variable
mho distance units, three ØG-units and one 3Ø fault protection is accomplished by the logic of
ØØ-unit. any operation of one of the three ØG-units (ØA, ØB
an ØC), plus
6.1.1 ØG fault detection
the 3ØF output signal from the faulted phase selector
ØG fault detection is accomplished by three quadra- unit.
ture polarized phase units, ØA, ØB and ØC. Equa-
tions (1) and (2) are for operating and reference However, for 3Ø fault condition, the equations for the
quantity, respectively. The unit will produce output computation of distance unit reach will be (3) and (4)
when the operating quantity leads the reference instead of (1) and (2):
quantity. VXG - IXZCP (3)
VXG - [IX + Ko(Io)] ZCG (1)
and (VQ) (4)
and (VQ) (2)
where VXG = VAG, VBG, or VCG
where VXG = VAG, VBG, or VCG
IX = IA, IB or IC
IX = IA, IB or IC
ZCP = PLTP, Z1P, Z2P and Z3P zone reach
Io = (IA + IB + IC)/3 settings in terms of Z1L/PANG sec-
ondary ohms for multi-phase faults.
ZCG = PLTG, Z1G, Z2G and Z3G ground
distance reach settings in terms of VQ = quadrature phase voltages i.e., VCB,
Z1L/PANG secondary ohms for ØG VAC and VBA for ØA, ØB and ØC
faults. units, respectively. Use pre-fault volt-
age for VQ when all 3 faulted volt-
Z1L, ZoL = Positive and zero sequence line
ages are:
impedances in relay ohms.
below 1.0 volt RMS for Z1P unit,
PANG, GANG= Angles in degrees of Z1L and ZoL. below 7.0 volt RMS for Z2P, Z3P
Ko = Zero sequence current compensat- and PLTP units.
ing factor 6.1.3 ØØ fault detection
Z 0L – Z 1L Z oL The ØØ-unit responds to all ØØ and ØØG faults, and

= ----------------------- =  -------- – 1 some ØG faults. Equations (5) and (6) are for operat-
( Z 1L )  Z 1L  ing and reference quantity, respectively. It will pro-
duce output when the operating quantity leads the
= (ZR ∠GANG – PANG 1‘) reference quantity.
ZR = Ratio of zero to positive sequence (VAB - IABZCP) (5)
line impedance in absolute value.
and (VCB - ICBZCP) (6)
VQ = quadrature phase voltages, i.e., VCB,
VAC and VBA for ØA, ØB and ØC 6.1.4 Characteristics
units, respectively. Figure 8 — ØØ/ØØG faults
6-1
I.L. 40-385.5
Figure 9 — 3Ø faults Fault Type

Figure 10 — ØG faults A B C
6.2 FAULTED PHASE SELECTION UNITS A B C A B C B C A
G G G B C A G G G
Faulted phase selection includes determining if the
fault is between phases or between one or more |∆IA| > 1.5 x |∆IB| x x x
phases and ground, and also identifies the specific |∆IA| > 1.5 x |∆IC| x x x
phase or phases involved in the fault.
Faulted phase identification is necessary for imple- |∆IB| > 1.5 x |∆IA| x x x
mentation of SPT for ØG faults and for providing
information for fault location computation. |∆IB| > 1.5 x |∆IC| x x x
The current phasors IA, IB, IC and Io are utilized in the
fault identification algorithm. When a fault occurs, the |∆IC| > 1.5 x |∆IA| x x x
last set of current phasors prior to the fault are saved
as the pre-fault load current values.
|∆IC| > 1.5 x |∆IB| x x x
The following conventions are used:
3Io=IA + IB + ICCalculated zero sequence current
If none of the nine fault types in the table are identi-
from the measured post-fault current phasors
fied, then the fault must be identified as a three-
IAL, IBL, ICL,Measured pre-fault load current phasors phase fault.
IA, IB, IC, 3IoMeasured post-fault current phasors 6.3 FORWARD DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
PHASE UNIT, (FDOP)
DIA, DIB, DIC,Resultant fault current phasors
The inordinately high influence of ct lead resistance
To determine the resultant fault current, remove the for a low voltage MPS test with the Motor-Generator
zero sequence current from the measured post-fault set as one of the test sources, produces virtually a 90
current and subtract the measured pre-fault load cur- phase shift in the polarizing voltage with the angle
rent. The resulting fault current is the sum of the pos- between the sources, causing undesired operation.
itive sequence current and the negative sequence Even though this is an MPS-related phenomenon
current of the fault. and would pose no problem for an actual power sys-
DIA = (IA - Io) - IAL = IA1 + IA2 tem, a forward directional overcurrent phase function
FDOP and logic which includes AND-144C and
DIB = (IB - Io) - IBL = IB1 + IB2
AND-144Ø, as shown in Figure 25, has been added
DIC = (IC - Io) - ICL = IC1 + IC2 to each phase for supervising the Z1P and PLTP 3Ø-
unit trip paths. The performance of the FDOP ele-
Compare the magnitude of the resultant fault current
ments (FDOPA, PDOPB and FDOPC) is 90 -60 ,
phasors using the following table to determine the
which is similar to the directional unit of the type CR
fault type.
relay, except always use prefault voltage for polariz-
ing quantity. Its sensitivity is 0.5 amperes.
6.4 FORWARD/REVERSE DIRECTIONAL OVER-
CURRENT GROUND UNITS (FDOG/RDOG)
There are 2 directional overcurrent ground units,
FDOG (forward directional overcurrent ground) and
RDOG (reverse directional overcurrent ground), in
the MDAR (REL-300) system. The operating princi-
ple of these units can be selected based on the appli-
cation. By scrolling the functional field to DIRU
(directional unit) and selecting the ZSEQ (zero
6-2
I.L. 40-385.5
sequence) in the value field, both FDOG and RDOG The relay normally operates in a “background mode”
units will be polarized by zero sequence voltage 3V0. where it looks for phase current or phase voltage dis-
However, both units will be polarized by either zero turbance. Once a phase disturbance is detected, the
sequence voltage 3V0 and/or zero sequence current relay enters “fault mode” and start the Z-unit compu-
IP (zero sequence current from a power transformer tations. During background mode, the four input cur-
neutral CT) if the DIRU is selected to the value of rents (IA, IB, IC and Io) and the three voltages (VA, VB
DUAL. Both the FDOG and RDOG units will be oper- and VC) are sampled, at a sampling rate of 8 times
ated by negative voltage/current quantities if NSEQ per cycle, to test for line faults. The criteria for deter-
(negative sequence) is selected in the value field. mining a disturbance in the MDAR (REL-300) design
is shown below, which comparing the instantaneous
6.4.1 Zero sequence polarizing ground direc-
tional FDOG/RDOG units samples taken one cycle apart:
(a) Voltage polarizing element (1) Each phase ∆I — if [IKn - I(K-1)n] > 1.0 amp.
and [IKn - I(K-1)n] / I(K-1)n x 100% > 12.5%
The voltage polarizing directional element is deter-
mined by the angular relationship of the 3Io and 3Vo
(2) Each phase ∆V — if [VKn - V(K-1)n] > 7.0 volts.
phasors. Forward direction is identified if 3Io leads
and [VKn - V(K-1)n] / V(K-1)n x 100% > 12.5%
3Vo by 30 -210 . F or reverse direction 3Io lags 3Vo by 0
to 150 or if 3Io leads 3Vo by 0 -30 .
(3) ∆Io — if [(3Io)Kn - (3Io)(K-1)n] > 0.5 amp.
The sensitivity of this element is 3Io > 0.5 amp. and
3Vo > 3.0 volts. where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
(b) Current Polarizing K = Kth. cycle

The current polarizing directional element is deter-
mined by the angular relationship of the Io and IP For every voltage and current disturbance the Gen-
phasors, where IP is the ground current from the eral Start (GS) relay will pickup for 3 cycle for starting
power transformer neutral CT. The forward direc- external (fault) recorder.
tional unit will have maximum torque when Io and IP
6.6 LOW VOLTAGE UNITS
are in-phase. The reverse directional unit will have
maximum torque when Io and IP are 180 out of There are three low voltage units (VAL, VBL and VCL)
phase. in MDAR (REL-300). Each unit senses the phase
The sensitivity of this element is 3Io > 0.5 amp. and IP voltage condition in the background mode. The unit
> 0.5 amp. can be set from 40 to 60 volts in 1.0 volt steps. For
any phase voltage below its preset value, the LV logic
6.4.2 Negative sequence polarizing ground will produce a logic “1” output signal. The LV-units
directional FDOG/RDOG units
are used in CIFT and weakfeed logic in the MDAR
The negative sequence polarizing ground directional (REL-300) system.
units utilize the negative sequence voltage V2 as the
polarizing quantity and negative sequence current I 2 Note: Three separate fixed low voltage
as the operating quantity. Its operation is determined units at 7 volts are used for the
by the angular relationship of the V2 and I 2 phasors.
LOP logic.
Maximum sensitivity for the forward direction unit
occurs when V2 lags with I2 by 98 .
6.7 BLINDER UNITS
The sensitivity of this element is 3V2 > 1.0 volts and
3I 2 > 0.5 amp. Single blinder 21BI for 3Ø unit reach restriction on
heavy load. Double blinders, 21BI and 21BO, are
6.5 FAULT DETECTION UNITS included in MDAR (REL-300) system for OS sensing.
MDAR (REL-300) detects faults by digital computa- The following quantities are used for the blinder
tion rather than analog. sensing:
6-3
I.L. 40-385.5
Blinder Line Polarizing Operating
Left -j (VXG + IXRC∠PANG-90°) IX∠PANG-90°

Right j (VXG - IXRC∠PANG-90°) IX∠PANG-90°
where VXG = Phase to ground voltage, VAG or VBG.
IX = Phase current in ØA or ØB.
RC = Setting of the unit. RT for inner blinder

(21BI), RU for outer blinder (21BO).
PANG = the positive sequence line impedance angle.
Operation occurs if the operating voltage leads the putes the magnitude and phase angle of the fault
polarizing voltage. The characteristic curves are impedance and the distance to the fault in both miles
shown in Figure 11. and kilometers. The fault impedance is calculated
from the voltage and current phasors of the faulted
Both inner and outer blinders are included in phases
phase(s). Thus proper faulted phase selection is
A and B for OS detection on SPT operation. Inner
essential for good fault locator results.
and outer blinder reaches are determined by the set-
ting of RT and RU, respectively. The impedance calculations for the various faults are
as shown below:
6.8 FAULT LOCATOR
The fault locator feature in MDAR (REL-300) com-
FaultType Impedance Calculation
AG ZAG = VAG / [IA + Ko(Io)]

BG ZBG = VBG / [IB + Ko(Io)]
CG ZCG = VCG / [IC + Ko(Io)]
AB/ABG ZAB = VAB / IAB
BC/BCG ZBC = VBC / IBC
CA/CAG ZCA = VCA / ICA
ABC ZABC = VAG / IA
The distance to the fault is computed by multiplying the imaginary part of the fault
impedance times (VTR/CTR) and dividing by the distance multiplier setting (XPUD).
Distance = imag(Z) x (VTR/CTR) / XPUD
6-4
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 7. OPERATOR INTERFACE
7.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION There are five test points on the MDAR (REL-300)
The operator panel (Figure 4) provides an integral relay front panel to measure power supply voltage.
convenient means of checking or changing settings, The test points provide measurement of the -24, +5, -
and of checking relay-unit operations after a fault. 12 and +12 Vdc voltages.
Fault location, trip type, phase units which operated, The serial port on the rear panel (Figure 2) is pro-
and breakers which tripped are available for most vided for remote transmission of target data, remote
recent 2 faults by using pushbuttons to step through setting and optional oscillographic data. It also can
the information. Targets from the last 16 faults are be used for future networking, data communications.
stored even if the relay is deenergized and are avail-
able through remote communication only. 7.2 FRONT PANEL INTERFACE OPERATION
The operator interface consists of a vacuum display
The operator panel contains 7 LEDs as follows:
with four alphanumeric characters for the function
(1) Relay in service — When this LED illuminates field and four alphanumeric characters for the value
the MDAR (REL-300) relay is in service, there field, seven pushbuttons, seven LED's, and five test
is dc power to the relay and the relay has points. All relay functions can be locally set, moni-
passed the self-check and self-test. The LED tored, and tested from this front panel interface (Fig-
will turned OFF if the relay has any internal failure 4).
ure shown in the “Test” mode, and the relay trip
output will be blocked. 7.2.1 Display Selection
(2) Settings — For read or change settings. The display selection pushbutton controls the type of
information displayed. The options include settings,
(3) Monitoring — The display shows three-phase metered values, two sets of fault data, and test mode.
voltage, current and angle. One of the five display modes is always selected and
(4) Last Fault — When flashing, indicates new fault is indicated by an illuminated LED. Depressing the
information available. “DISPLAY SELECT” pushbutton changes the display
information to the next selection.
(5) Previous Fault — When last fault LED flashes
twice per minute, indicates information for the 7.2.2 Entering Settings
fault proceeding the last fault. The operation of the MDAR (REL-300) relay is con-
trolled through the settings. To access the settings,
(6) Value Accepted — When the “Settings” LED is
also ON, the “Value Accepted” LED flashes the “DISPLAY SELECT” pushbutton should be
only once, to indicate that a new setting value depressed until the “SETTINGS” LED is illuminated.
is accepted; when the “Test” LED is also ON, The RAISE and LOWER FUNCTION pushbuttons
the output contacts can be tested. are depressed to scroll through the settings. The
RAISE and LOWER VALUE pushbuttons are
(7) Test — Use for verifying self-check and perform depressed to change the settings. When the desired
functional test.
value appears on the VALUE display, depressing the
The operator is notified that targets are avail-
“ENTER” pushbutton causes the displayed value to
able by flashing LED's on the panel, plus an
output relay contact provided to operate an be entered for the displayed function. The “VALUE
external annunciator. ACCEPTED” LED flashes once to indicate that the
value has been successfully entered into the system.
The operator can also look at non-fault voltage, cur-
rent and phase angle on the display. Settings can be 7.2.3 Displaying Monitoring Data
easily checked as well. The display will be blocked All three-phase currents, voltages and phase angles
momentarily, every minute, for the purpose of self- are available for on-line display during normal opera-
check; this will not affect the relay protection function. tion. Conditions such as out-of-step blocking, loss-of-
7-1
I.L. 40-385.5
potential, and loss-of-current can also be monitored. ing capabilities for MDAR (REL-300). Information of
Select the “VOLT/AMPS/ANGLE” function using the relay status, A/D calibration, testing of the carrier
“DISPLAY SELECT” pushbutton. Scroll through the send and receive functions for the pilot systems, and
metered data using the RAISE and LOWER FUNC- trip relay test are among the functions provided. To
TION pushbuttons. Upon initialization the display is
access the test function, the “DISPLAY SELECT”
set to show the IA current.
pushbutton should be depressed until the “TEST”
The phase rotation ABC or ACB is also displayed on LED is illuminated. The RAISE and LOWER FUNC-
the monitoring mode depends on the setting of the TION pushbuttons are depressed to scroll through
jumper JMP3 on processor module. This feature is the desired function. The required information will
not included in Version 2.6x. display in the VALUE field. Contact output test can
7.2.4 Displaying Fault Records only be performed when jumper JMP5 on the micro-
processor module is in. (Refer to chapter VIII. Self-
The last two sets of fault data are available for dis-
play. “LAST FAULT” is the data associated with the checking and Functional test” for more detail informa-
most recent trip event. “PREVIOUS FAULT” is the tion).
data from the prior trip event. Select the desired set
of target data using the “DISPLAY SELECT” push- 7.2.6 16 Fault Records and Intermediate
button. Scroll through the fault data using the RAISE Targets.
and LOWER FUNCTION pushbuttons. (Refer to
Refer to chapter 11 for detail.
Chapter XI for more detail)
7.2.5 Display Test Mode Functions 7.2.7 16 Oscillographic Records
The test display mode provides diagnostic and test- Refer to chapter 11 for detail.
7-2
I.L. 40-385.5
7.3 DISPLAY AND TARGET INFORMATION

(1) Settings Display The setting display shows the following
information: Display
Information / Settings Function Value

Field Field
Software version VERS 2.60
*Initiate OSC storage OSC TRIP/Z2TR/Z2Z3/DVDI
Initiate fault data storage FDAT TRIP/Z2TR/Z2Z3
CT ratio CTR 30-5000, (5)
PT ratio VTR 100-7000, (5)
Rated Freq. FREQ 60, 50
CT secondary rating CTYP 5 or 1
Enable/disable readouts in primary I & V values RP YES/NO
Positive line Reactance (:/unit distance)
multiplier for fault locator XPUD 0.300-1.5, in 0.001/DTYP
Fault location, displayed
in Km. or miles DTYP KM or MI (miles)
Reclosing mode:TTYP
1)3PT on all faults, no RI. OFF
2)3PT on all faults, 1PR
with 3RI on DG fault.
with 3RI on DG/2D fault.
4)3PT on all faults w/3RI. 3PR
5)SPT on DG fault w/SRI,
3PT on MD fault w/o RI. SPR
3PT on MD fault w/3RI. SR3R
@*Single phasing limit timer 62T 0.300-5.000 in 0.05 sec. steps
*Timer for pole-disagreement SPTT 1.000-6.000 in 1.0 sec. steps
RI on Z1 trip Z1RI YES/NO
RB on BF squelch BFRB YES/NO
Remote pilot control PLT YES/NO
Pilot system selection: STYP
1) 3-zone non pilot schemes 3ZNP
2) Zone-1 extension scheme Z1E
3) POTT or Unblocking scheme POTT
4) PUTT scheme PUTT
5) Blocking scheme BLK
FDOG trip delay timer FDGT 0-15, in 1 cycle steps
Blocking system channel coordination timer BLKT 0-98, in 2 ms steps
Pilot phase unit PLTP #0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Pilot ground unit PLTG #0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Zone-1 phase unit Z1P #0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Zone-1 ground unit Z1G #0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Zone-1 delay trip T1 0-15, in 1 cycle steps
* Optional
@ 62T will not be available if JMP2 is not on 2-3 position
7-3
I.L. 40-385.5
Display
Information/Settings Function Value
Field Field (note 1)
Zone-2 phase unit Z2P # 0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Zone-2 phase timer T2P 0.10-2.99,BLK,0.01sec.steps
Zone-2 ground unit Z2G # 0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Zone-2 ground timer T 2G 0.10-2.99,BLK,0.01sec.steps
Zone-3 ground timer T3G 0.10-9.99,BLK,0.01sec.steps
Zone-3 direction Z3FR FWD/REV
Z1L impedance angle PANG 40-90, in 1.0 degree steps
ZOL impedance angle GANG 4 0-90, in 1.0 degree steps
ZOL/Z1L ZR 0.1-7.0, in 0.1 steps
Low voltage units LV 4 0-60, in 1.0 volt steps.
Low set phase o/c unit IL 0.5-10, in 0.1 amp steps
Med set phase o/c unit IM 0.5-10, in 0.1 amp steps
Low set ground o/c unit IOS 0.5-10, in 0.1 amp steps
Med set ground o/c unit IOM 0.5-10, in 0.1 amp steps
High set phase o/c unit ITP # 2.0-150.0, 0.5 amp steps
High set ground o/c unit ITG # 2.0-150,0, 0.5 amp steps
Out-of-step block zone-1 OSB1 YES/NO
Out-of-step block pilot OSBP YES/NO
OS & OS override timers OSTM 500, 1000 ms
OSB inner blinder RT 1.00-15.00, 0.1 ohm steps
OSB outer blinder RU 3.00-15.00, 0.1 ohm steps
Directional ground units DIRU ZSEQ, NSEQ, DUAL
Ground backup time curves GBCV # CO-2, CO-5, CO-6, CO-7,
CO-8, CO-9 and CO-11.
Ground backup setting GBPU 0.5-4.0, in 0.1 amp steps
Ground backup time dial GTC 1-63, in 1.0 steps
Choice of directional or non-directional ground backup GDIR YES/NO
CIF trip CIF YES/NO
LLT trip LLT YES/FDOG/NO
LOP block LOPB YES/NO
LOI block LOIB YES/NO
Trip alarm seal-in AL2S YES/NO
Remote setting SETR YES/NO
Real time clock TIME YES/NO
1) set year YEAR 1980-2079,in 1 year steps
2) set month MNTH 1-12, in 1 month steps
3) set day DAY 1-31, in 1 day steps
4) set week day WDAY SUN/MON/TUES/WEN/
THUR/FRI/SAT
5) set hour HOUR 1-24, in 1 hour steps
6) set minute MIN 1-60, in 1 minute steps
* Optional, # use “OUT” for disabling this unit.
Note: When the CTYP is set at 1 ampere, the range of the following functions is as shown below:
Z1P/Z1G/Z2P/Z2G/Z3P/Z3G
and PLTP/PLTG 0.05-250.00, in 0.05 ohms steps
ITP/ITG 0.4-30.0, in 0.1 amp. steps
7-4
I.L. 40-385.5
(2) Monitoring Display

The metering group display shows the following information.
Display
Information Function Value
Field Field (note)
Phase A current (mag.) IA numerical, A

“ (ang.) ∠IA deg.
Phase A voltage (mag.) VAG numerical, v
“ (ang.) ∠VAG deg.
Phase B current (mag.) IB

“ (ang.) ∠IB
Phase B voltage (mag.) VBG
“ (deg.) ∠VBG
Phase C current (mag.) IC
“ (ang.) ∠IC
Phase C voltage (mag.) VCG
“ (ang.) ∠VCG
Date DATE XX.XX (month.day)
Time TIME XX.XX (hour.minute)
Local/Remote Setting SET LOC/REM/BOTH
Carrier Receiver-1 RX-1 YES/NO
LOP Indication LOP YES/NO
LOI indication LOI YES/NO
Out-of-step block OSB YES/NO
* Optional
Note: All displayed phase angles are referred to VA as reference.
7-5
I.L. 40-385.5
(3) Fault Data Display

The MDAR (REL-300) saves the latest 16 fault records, but only the latest two fault records can be
accessed from the front panel. For complete 16 fault records, one of the communication interface
devices are required.
Each set of fault target record display shows the following information:
Display
Field Field
Fault occurred at:

1.date DATE XX.XX (month.day)
2.year YEAR XXXX
3.time TIME XX.XX (hour.minute)
4.second SEC XX.XX (second)
Fault type FTYP AG/BG/CG/AB/BC/CA

ABG/BCG/CAG/ABC
BKR. #1 DA tripped BK1A YES/NO

BKR. #1 DB tripped BK1B “
BKR. #1 DC tripped BK1C “

Zone-1 phase tripped Z1P YES/NO

Zone-1 ground tripped Z1G “
Zone-2 phase tripped Z2P “


Pilot phase tripped PLTP “

Pilot ground tripped PLTG “
High set phase tripped ITP “

High set ground tripped ITG “
Close-into fault trip CIF “
Load-loss tripped LLT “
Ground backup tripped GB “
*Sec. fault tripped(SPF) SPF “

*62T tripped 62T “
* Optional functions for single-pole trip.
7-6
I.L. 40-385.5
Display
Field Field (note)
Fault location Z In ohms
Fault Z angle FANG numerical
Fault distance DMI or DKM In miles or KM
Prefault load current PFLC numerical, A
Prefault phase voltage PFLV numerical, V
Prefault load angle LP numerical, deg.
Carrier send SEND numerical,
RCVR #1 RX1 numerical,
Fault voltage VA (mag.) VPA numerical, V
(ang.) ∠ VPA numerical, deg.
Fault voltage VB (mag.) VPB numerical, V
(ang.) ∠VPB numerical, deg.
Fault voltage VC (mag.) VPC numerical, V
(ang.) ∠VPC numerical, deg.
Fault voltage 3VO(mag.) 3VO numerical, V
(ang.) ∠3VO numerical, deg.
Fault current IA (mag.) IPA numerical, A
(deg.) ∠IPA numerical, deg.
Fault current IB (mag.) IPB numerical, A
(deg.) ∠IPB numerical, deg.
Fault current IC (mag.) IPC numerical, A
(deg.) ∠IPC numerical, deg.
Fault current 3I0(mag.) 3IO numerical, A
(deg.) ∠3IO numerical, deg.
Pol. current IP (mag.) IP numerical, A
(deg.) ∠IP numerical, deg.
* Optional
Note: The “Relay In Service” LED indicates the MDAR (REL-300)ms system is in-service. It will come on
when the dc is applied and after the system is initialized.
(4) Test Functions Display

Five functions are available in the test function mode. They are: STAT, ADC, RS1, TK and TRIP.
STAT The STAT is the relay self-check status. MDAR (REL-300) jumps to the test mode status display
(STAT) to show the cause of the problem. A zero value indicates that no self-check failure has
occurred. A nonzero hex byte form value indicates hardware or software failed. Refer to Chapter
VIII for more detail.
ADC The ADC value display is for use in calibration of the analog input to MDAR (REL-300) and is only
visible when MDAR (REL-300) is in calibration mode (JMP6 on processor module installed). Refer
to Appendix E for calibration.
RS1, TK and TRIP
These selections are for functional tests. When the selector is in the test mode,
scroll the function field by the raise pushbutton. The value field display shows
RS1, (Carrier receiver #1), and TK (Carrier send). Refer to Chapter VIII for more
detailed information.
7-7
I.L. 40-385.5
If jumper JMP5 on the processor module is set to IN position, the following ten
contacts can be selected for testing. Refer to Chapter VIII for more detailed
information.
TRIP RELY
BFI RELY
RI1 RELY
RI2 RELY
RB RELY
AL1 RELY
AL2 RELY
GS RELY
SEND RELY
STOP RELY
7.4 16 FAULT RECORDS AND INTERMEDIATE TARGETS.
7-8
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 8. SELF-CHECKING AND FUNCTIONAL TEST
8.1 SELF-CHECKING • Tests addition and subtraction.

Self-testing is a major benefit of microprocessor- For failures which do not disable the processor,
based relays. At all times, MDAR (REL-300) monitors MDAR (REL-300) jumps to the TEST mode status
its ac input subsystems using multiple A/D converter display (STAT) to show the cause of the problem. The
calibration check inputs, plus loss-of-potential and cause of the problem is represented by their corre-
loss-of-current monitoring (as described in Chapter sponding bits (zero thru 6) in the value field.
IX). Failures of the converter, or any problem in a sin- Bit 0 External RAM Failure
gle ac channel which unbalances nonfault inputs, are Bit 1 EEPROM warning
alarmed. The self-checking covers the following Bit 2 ROM (EPROM) checksum error
areas: Bit 3 EEPROM Failure (Non-Volatile memory)
Bit 4 Analog Input Circuit Failure
(a) Analog Front End Test Bit 5 Processor Failure
One of the inputs to the analog multiplexer is a Bit 6 Wrong setting on JMP2 for single-pole trip
test input. This input voltage can be switched or programmable output contact
between +2.5 V and -0.3 V for input to the A/D selections.
converter. Periodic testing of these voltages All bits are expressed in a HEX byte form. For exam-
tests the analog front end for proper operation. ple: If the display shows “STAT 1B”, whose binary
In this way the multiplexer, sample/hold, rang- representation is 0001 1011, the relay failed the self-
ing circuitry, and A/D converter are tested.
test in the area of External RAM (bit 0), EEPROM
(b) Program Memory Checksum (one-out-of-three failure, bit 1), EEPROM (two-out-of-
Immediately upon power-up the relay executes three failure, bit 3) and Analog Input Circuit (bit 4).
a complete ROM checksum of program mem- Normally, the test mode should show “STAT 0". This
ory. During operation, the MDAR (REL-300) means that the relay passes the self-test routines.
relay continually computes and verifies the pro- Bit 6 is for the setting discrepancy detection. For
gram memory checksum.
example, if the order information calls for single-pole
(c) Power-up RAM Test trip option and the jumper #2 on the processor mod-
Immediately upon power-up the relay does a ule is on position “1-2” which is for 3-pole trip, the
complete test of the RAM data memory. MDAR (REL-300) will give the error of “TEST 40".
(d) Nonvolatile RAM Test 8.2 LOP AND LOI CONDITIONS
All settings for the system operation are stored MDAR (REL-300) contains loss-of-potential (LOP)
in non-volatile RAM in three identical arrays. and loss-of-current (LOI) logic which monitors the
These arrays are continuously checked by the analog inputs. The loss of a voltage or current input
program. If all three array entrees disagree with which is not caused by a fault condition enables the
each other, a non-volatile RAM failure is GS alarm relay. In addition, tripping is disabled dur-
detected. ing a LOI condition if the LOIB setting is set to YES.
However, only the distance measurement units are
(e) Processor Tests
disabled during a LOP condition if the LOPB setting
Several tests are included to verify the opera- is set to YES. The LOP and LOI status displays are
tion of the microprocessor. On power-up, the
included in the monitored data.
processor I/O status registers are checked
while they are still in a known state. Other tests 8.3 OUTPUT CONTACT TESTS
performed both at power-up and during normal
The output contact test, a “Push-to-close” approach,
operation are listed below:
is included in MDAR (REL-300) for checking all out-
• Tests processor flags, stack, and timer. put relay contacts. It is designed for a bench test only.
• Tests program counter, execution time, and RAM. The test is for used to verify the operation of the con-
8-1
I.L. 40-385.5
tacts of the TRIP, BFI, RI1, RI2, RB, AL1, AL2, GS, (3) Push the ENTER button; the ENTER
Carrier SEND and Carrier STOP functions. It is sup- LED should be ON. The corresponding
plementary to the self-check because the micropro- relay should operate when the ENTER
cessor self-check routine cannot detect the output button is pressed.
hardware.
(4) Remove JMP5 and replace it on JMP10.
If it is not a bench test, all the red-handled FT
switches should be opened before performing the 8.4 FUNCTIONAL TEST
test to avoid the undesired tripping during tests. How-
The functional test simulates the channel condition
ever, due to the opening of the connection between
for verifying the relay system. The procedure of the
2FT-14 terminals #13 and #14, the contacts of BFI,
test is:
RI1 and RI2 will not be verified.
(1) Change the LED mode to TEST and
For performing the output contact test:
select the following desired function field:
(1) Remove JMP10 (spare on the processor RS1, TK.
module) and place it in the JMP5 posi-
tion. (2) Push the ENTER button; the ENTER
LED should be ON. The corresponding
(2) Change the LED mode to TEST and function of RS1 (receiver 1) or TK (trans-
select the tripping function field and the mitter keying) will be simulated for the
desired contact in the value field. relay system.
8-2
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 9. OPERATION OF MDAR (REL 300) BASIC FUNCTIONS
9.1 LOSS-OF-POTENTIAL SUPERVISION (LOP) Logic AND-1A,-1B,-1C,-1E and OR-1D, and 150/0, 0/
3500 ms timer circuits in Figure 12A are for solving
The ac voltage monitoring circuit is called loss-of- these problems. This logic unblocks the LOPB circuit
potential circuit. and provides a 3500 ms trip window for the distance
units to trip if the fault current is detected within 150
In order to prevent undesirable tripping due to the ms after LOP has been set up. The 150 ms timer can
distance unit(s) pickup on loss-of-potential, logic (low be extended to 500 ms if a jumper (JMP3) on the
voltage and not VI) and (Vo and not Io) are included Microprocessor module is installed.
in MDAR (REL-300) design, as shown in Figure 12A.
The low voltage and Vo units for the LOP logic are 9.2 MONITORING OF AC CURRENT (LOI)
set at a fixed value of 7 volts. Under loss-of-potential The ac current monitoring circuit is similar to the LOP
condition, low voltage (or Vo) and not VI (or Io) satisfy logic, except using IOM and not Vo as a criterion, as
AND-1. The output signal of AND-1 starts the 8/500 shown in Figure 13. Under a ct short circuit or open
ms timer. The timer output will satisfy AND-1C if circuit condition, IOM and not Vo satisfies AND-23.
there is no output from AND-1B. The output signal of The LOI output signal from AND-23 starts the 500/
AND-1C will block all the distance unit tripping paths 500 ms timer. The output of the timer will turn on the
via AND-2, AND-3, AND-4, AND-5, AND-6, AND-172 non-memory LOI indicator on the metering display
(also blocks AND-191 and AND-187 for pilot sys- during the LOI condition. This output is also con-
tems) if LOPB is set to “YES”. The LOPB blocking nected to the failure alarm output relay GS (AL-3).
function can be disabled by selecting the LOPB value The LOI signal also can be used to block the MDAR
display to NO. (REL-300) trip outputs under LOI condition if the
LOIB (loss-of-current block) is selected to YES.
The output of the LOP timer will turn on the non- 9.3 OVERCURRENT SUPERVISION
memory LOP indicator on the metering display dur- (Figure 14)
ing the LOP condition via AND-1F after 500 ms
The MDAR (REL-300) distance units do not require
delay. This output is also connected to the failure
overcurrent supervision, because the relay normally
alarm output relay GS (Alarm-3). operates in a background mode. They will not start
the zone-1 and pilot impedance computation until a
In selecting the LOPB to “YES”, the intent is to block
phase current or a phase voltage disturbance is
all the distance units from tripping should a LOP con-
detected. This approach can minimize the load prob-
dition exist. However, for a condition as shown in Fig-
lem on setting the phase overcurrent units. However,
ure 12B, a single-end source energizes two parallel
in order to meet the traditional practice, a medium set
circuits without pre-fault load current. The MDAR
phase overcurrent unit IM (IAM or IBM or ICM) has
(REL-300) at the remote end B of the protected line been added to MDAR (REL-300) versions 2.10/2.60
may fail to trip for an internal fault near the source- to supervise Z1P/Z2P/Z3P/PLTP trip functions, as
end A, because its LOP sets up before the terminal A shown in Figure 14. This unit should not be set to
trips. This is because the relay at B sees no current, limit the zone-3 reach, and traditionally should be set
but sees a low voltage condition before circuit above the load current.
breaker A opens.
For increasing the security, the application of LOPB
Also, for a condition as shown in Figure 12C, an supervision function is still normally recommended.
evolving fault at 50% location with symmetrical For coordination purposes, the ground trip units Z1G,
source impedances, MDAR (REL-300)'s at both A Z2G, Z3G, PLTG, and FDOG are supervised by the
and B will not trip if LOPB is selected to “YES”, medium set ground overcurrent unit IOM, except the
because neither MDAR (REL-300) sees a current Z3G/RDOG units (for carrier start on blocking
change (or no Io) on the protected line to set up the scheme, and for reverse blocking on permissive
LOPB logic before the second fault is applied. scheme) are supervised by the low set IOS. The Iom
9-1
I.L. 40-385.5
and Ios settings must be coordinated with one operates along with the IOM and FDOG units, satisfy-
another. ing AND-3. Tripping is initiated via OR-2 with Zone-1
ground trip Z1G indication. Logic AND-3 is also
Besides the above supervisions, the MDAR (REL-
supervised by the signal of RDOG (reverse direc-
300) is supervised by a different kind of faulted phase
tional overcurrent ground) for security.
selector signal on each trip path. The faulted phase
selector uses current only A two-out-of-three “leading phase blocking” logic is
(I1 + I2) approach. For ØØ - unit tripping there must included for solving the overreach problem of the sin-
be I2 present. gle-phase ground distance units which may respond
to a ØØG fault.
9.4 ZONE-1 TRIP
When the MDAR (REL-300) functional display The Z1G unit is also supervised by the signal of
“STYP” is selected to “3ZNP” it will perform 3-zone unequal-pole- closing.
non-pilot functions. The T1 timer, as shown in Figure 15, provides time
delay on Z1P/Z1G trip if required. The range of T1
For Zone-1 phase faults, the Z1P unit will see the
timer is 0 to 15 cycles in 1.0 cycle steps. Normally,
fault and operate. As shown in Figure 15. Outputs of
the T1 timer should be selected to zero time delay,
Z1P, IM plus the operation of FDOP, if applied, satis-
unless it is needed. For example, when using MDAR
fies AND-2 and provides a high speed trip (HST) sig-
(REL-300) as a non-pilot 3PT backup with another
nal from OR-2 to operate the trip output telephone
system operated on SPT mode, set MDAR (REL-
relay. The trip circuit is monitored by a seal-in reed
300) Zone-1 with delay.
relay S, which is in series with each trip contact in the
tripping circuits. The S relay will pick up if the trip cur- HST signal also is connected to the reclosing initia-
rent is higher than 0.5 amp. The operation of the tion logic.
seal-in contact “S” (i.e. after breaker trip coil has Either or both Zone-1 phase and Zone-1 ground
been energized) provides the trip seal-in signal function(s) can be disabled by selecting the Z1P and/
TRSL. It feeds back to OR-4 and AND-8 to hold the or Z1G to OUT.
trip relay in operation until the breaker trips and the
52b contact opens (not shown in Figure 15). The trip 9.5 ZONE-2 TRIP
contact and the TRSL signal can be delayed dropout For Zone-2 phase faults, the Z2P unit will see the
by 50ms after the trip current is removed, providing faults, plus the output of IM, operates the Zone-2
JMP4 on the microprocessor board is connected. phase timer T2P. Z2P output plus the T2P timer out-
The TRSL signal from AND-8 plus the output signal put satisfy AND-4 as shown in Figure 16. AND-4 out-
from AND-2 turn on the Zone-1 phase trip indicator put provides time delay trip signal TDT via OR-3.
Z1P. The breaker trip and Zone-1 phase trip indica- Signal TDT picks up OR-4 (Figure 15) and operates
tors are sealed-in. They can be reset only after man- the trip relay. The tripping and targeting are similar as
ually pushing the RESET pushbutton on the front described in Zone-1 trip except with Zone-2 phase
panel, or through remote communication. The flash- time delay trip Z2P indication.
ing LED will be reset, but the fault information will still
Similar operation occurs for Zone-2 single-phase-to-
remain in memory.
ground faults. The Z2G unit sees the fault and oper-
The Z1P 3ø trip logic AND-131 is also supervised by ates. This plus the operation of the IOM, FDOG and
the selectable OSB logic when the OSB1 is selected T2G, satisfies AND-5, and provides the TDT signal
to “YES”. via OR-3 with Zone-2 ground time delay trip indicator
Z1P logic AND-2 is also supervised by the FDOP Z2G.
(forward directional overcurrent phase unit) when the Zone-2 3ø unit is supervised by the selectable
OSB1 or OSB2 or OSBP is selected to “YES” for OSB2.
more security on some special power system appli-
The single phase ground distance units may respond
cations (Refer to Chapter XI, paragraph G for a more
to a ØØG fault. The output of the Z2G unit plus the
detailed explanation).
operation of the ØØ - selection will trip the Z2P via
Similar operations function for Zone-1 single-phase- OR-157, T2P and AND-18. Leading phase blocking
to-ground faults. The Z1G unit sees the fault and is unnecessary for an overreach zone device.
9-2
I.L. 40-385.5
TDT signal can be connected to the reclosing block 9.8 CLOSE-INTO-FAULT TRIP
logic.
In order to supplement distance unit operation when
Either or both Zone-2 phase and Zone-2 ground the circuit breaker is closed into a fault and line side
function(s) can be disabled by selecting the Z2P and/ potential is used. The CIF close-into-fault trip circuit,
or Z2G to OUT; or can be disabled by selecting the as shown in Figure 19, includes logic AND-22, OR-3
T2P and/or T2G to BLK. and 100/180 ms and 16/0 ms timers. Logic AND-22
is satisfied and produces a trip signal for 180 ms after
9.6 ZONE-2 TRIP
circuit breaker closing (52b contact opened) if the
For Zone-3 phase faults, the Z3P unit (forward or overcurrent unit(s), IAL, IBL, ICL or IOM, operate OR-
reverse looking, depending on the Z3FR set to FWD 11, and if any phase voltage is below the preset level
or REV) will see the faults and operate the Zone-3 of the LV-units (OR-222A). Tripping will be via OR-3,
phase timer T3P. The Z3P output plus the T3P timer with RB and CIF target.
output satisfy AND-6 as shown in Figure 17. AND-6
The application of the “close-into-fault” function is
output provides time delay trip signal TDT via OR-3.
selected by the setting of the CIF to YES.
Signal TDT picks up OR-4 (Figure 15) and operates
the trip relay. The tripping and targeting are similar to 9.9 UNEQUAL-POLE CLOSING LOAD PICKUP
Zone-1 trip, except with zone-3 phase time delay trip CONTROL
Z3P indication. The ground units may pick up on a condition of load
Zone-3 3ø unit is not supervised by the OSB logic. pickup with unequal breaker pole closing. The high
speed trip ground units Z1G and FDOG/IOM should
For Zone-3 single-phase-to-ground faults, the Z3G be supervised under this condition. This can be
sees the fault and operates. This plus the operation achieved, as shown in Figure 20, by inserting a 0/50
of the IOM, satisfy AND-7. This provides the TDT sig- ms timer and controlling by the 52b signal to super-
nal, then trips via OR-3 with zone-3 ground time vise the Z1G trip path AND-3 (Figure 15) and FDOG/
delay trip indicator Z3G. TDT signal can be con- IOM trip path AND-188 (Figures 26 and 34). It should
nected to the reclosing block logic. For security, the be noted that the 50 ms time delay will have no effect
Z3G unit is also supervised by the signal of RDOG on a normal fault clearing.
when it is set for reverse looking (or by the signal of
FDOG when it is set for forward looking) via logic The ground distance unit PLTG is less sensitive as
OR-171B and AND-171A as shown in Figure 17. the FDOG, it is not need to have this supervising cir-
cuit.
Either or both Zone-3 phase and Zone-3 ground
function(s) can be disabled by selecting the Z3P and/ On internal ground faults, if the mechanical actuator
or Z3G to OUT; or by selecting the T3P and/or T3G of the circuit breaker operates, but the arc does not
to BLK. extinguish (e.g. due to low gas pressure), the closing
action of the 52b contact, connected to MDAR (REL-
9.7 DIRECTIONAL INSTANTANEOUS 300), will reset the Z1G trip path AND-3, and ulti-
OVERCURRENT TRIPS mately, the BFI contact. This may introduce interrup-
The directional instantaneous overcurrent units IAH, tion to the BF scheme if BFI logic does not provide
IBH, ICH and IOH are supervised by the FDOP (A, B seal-in circuit. The AND-3C logic in Figure 20 will
and C) for phases and by FDOG for ground. These solve this problem.
units are normally set high to detect those faults 9.10 INVERSE TIME DIRECTIONAL OR NON-
which occur in the Zone-1 area. Therefore, their trip- DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT GROUND
ping will occur via OR-2 for HST, as shown in Figure BACKUP (GB)
18. The use of directional supervision will minimize
The overcurrent ground backup unit GB is to supple-
some setting difficulties in applications. The setting of
ment the distance ground protection on high resis-
LOPB has no effect to the high-set trip function
tance ground faults. Its selectable time characteristic
except the units will become a non-directional during
curves, as shown below, are similar to the conven-
LOP condition if the LOPB setting is set to YES.
tional CO relays.
These high-set trip functions can be disabled by set-
ting the ITP (phase) and/or ITG (ground) to OUT. CO-2 Short time curve
9-3
I.L. 40-385.5
CO-5 Long time curve set to DUAL position. However, the GB-unit will be
CO-6 Definite time curve controlled by the negative sequence voltage and cur-
CO-7 Moderately inverse time curve rent polarized element if the value field is selected to
CO-8 Inverse time curve NSEQ (negative sequence). The pickup value of the
CO-9 Very inverse time curve overcurrent unit is controlled by the “GBPU” setting.
CO-11 Extremely inverse time curve The unit can be disabled by selecting the “GBCV” to
OUT.
As shown in the setting table, the time curve can be
selected by using the “GBCV” setting, the time dial is 9.11 ZONE-1 EXTENSION
set by the “GTC” value. The following equation can
This scheme provides a higher speed operation on
be used to calculate the trip time for all CO curves
end zone faults without the application of pilot chan-
from CO-2 to CO-11:
nel.
K GTC
T ( sec ) = T 0 + --------------------------- --------------- for 3 I 0 > = 1.5 If the MDAR (REL-300) functional display “STYP” is
P 24000
(3I 0 – C ) selected to Z1E, the Z1P/Z1G unit will provide two
outputs. One is overreach (reach to 1.25 times the
R GTC
T (sec) = --------------------- --------------- for 1 < 3 I 0 < 1.5 zone-1 setting) and one is the normal zone-1 reach.
( 3 I 0 – 1 ) 24000
A single shot instantaneous reclosing device should
be used when applying this scheme. The targets
IF
where 3 I 0 = ------------------ Z1P/Z1G will indicate either zone-1 trip and/or Z1E
GBPU trip operations. The other functions, such as Z2T,
GBPU = Pickup current setting (0.5 to 4.0A) Z3T, ac trouble monitoring, overcurrent supervision,
GTC = Time curve dial setting (1 to 63) IT, CIF, unequal-pole closing load pickup control,
T0, K, C, P and R are constants, and are shown as load-loss acceleration trip, etc. would remain the
below: same as in the basic scheme (3ZNP).
The GB function can be set as either directional or For a remote internal fault, (Figure 22), either Z1P or
non-directional by setting the “GDIR” to YES or NO. Z1G will see the fault since they overreach to
1.25(Z1P/Z1G), high speed trip
Curve No. T0 K C P R will be performed via the normal
Z1T path (Figure 15) AND-2 (or
AND-3) and OR-2. HST signal
CO2 111.99 735.00 0.675 1 501
operates the instantaneous
C05 8196.67 13768.94 1.130 1 22705
reclosing scheme. The breaker
CO6 784.52 671.01 1.190 1 1475
recloses and stays closed if the
CO7 524.84 3120.56 0.800 1 2491
fault is automatically cleared.
CO8 477.84 4122.08 1.270 1 9200
CO9 310.01 2756.06 1.350 1 9342 Target Z1P and/or Z1G will be dis-
CO11 110.00 17640.00 0.500 2 8875 played. Once the breaker trip cir-
cuit carries current, it operates the
The directional GB function uses the torque control logic OR-5 (not shown), produces output signal
approach as indicated in Figure 21. The directional TRSL, and satisfies logic AND-26 for 5000 ms (Fig-
element can be selected with either zero sequence ure 25). The output signal of AND-26 will trigger the
or negative sequence as a polarizing quantity, Z1P/Z1G reach circuit, constricting their reaches
depending on the application. By scrolling the func- back to the normal Zone-1 for 5000 ms. During the
tional field to DIRU (directional unit) and selecting reach constricting periods, if the breaker is reclosed
ZSEQ in the value field, the GB-unit will be controlled on a Zone-1 permanent fault, it will trip again. If the
by the zero sequence voltage polarized element. The breaker is reclosed on an end-zone permanent fault,
GB-unit will be controlled by either the zero the normal Z2T will take place.
sequence voltage 3Vo polarized element and/or the
zero sequence current IP polarized element (current For a remote external fault, either Z1P or Z1G will see
from a power transformer neutral CT) if the DIRU is the fault since they are set to overreach. High speed
9-4
I.L. 40-385.5
trip will be performed. HST signal operates the The operation of RI1, RI2 and RB contacts is con-
instantaneous reclosing scheme. The breaker trolled by the setting of the programmable reclose ini-
recloses and stays closed if the fault has been iso- tiation logic as shown in Figure 24. The operation of
lated by the adjacent line breaker. either RI1, RI2 or RB must be confirmed by the signal
of TRSL, which is the trip output of MDAR (REL-300)
However, if the adjacent line breaker fails to trip, the
operation.
normal remote back up will operate.
The External Pilot Enable Switch (refer to Figure 6,
9.12 SELECTABLE LOSS-OF-LOAD
ACCELERATED TRIP (LLT) terminals 9 and 10 on TB-5), is used for externally
enabling the pilot system.
The load loss accelerated Zone-2 trip logic senses
remote 3-pole clearing on all faults except 3Ø to The PLT setting is similar to the external pilot enable
complement or substitute for the action of the pilot switch, except it is set from the front panel (or
channel, speeding up trip at the slow terminal. The remotely set via the communication interface).
logic includes AND-24, AND-25, OR-13, 0/32 and the For pilot MDAR (REL-300) with supporting non-pilot
10/0 ms timers, as shown in Figure 23. Under normal function, a most popular reclose initiation practice is
system conditions, 3-phase load currents are bal- to have reclosing initiation on high speed trip (pilot,
anced, and the low set overcurrent units IAL, IBL, ICL Zone-1 and high set) only. Referring to Figure 24, this
satisfy both AND-24 and OR-13. On internal end can be programmed by closing the external pilot
zone faults, Z2P, Z2G and/or FDOG/IoM picks up and enable switch and selecting PLT and Z1RI to YES.
satisfies the third input to AND-25 via OR-6. How- AND-84 will produce logic to operate the RI2 relay
ever, the signal from AND-24 is negated to AND-25, when receiving signals from TRSL and AND-89. The
therefore, AND-25 should have no output until the use of Z1RI signal to supervise the AND-84 provides
remote end 3-pole trips. a flexibility for disabling RI, if needed, when pilot is in-
At this time the local end current will lose one or two service. The program is further controlled by the
phases, depending on the type of fault (except 3- TTYP setting.
phases), and AND-24 output signal changes from “1” TTYP set at OFF — 3PRN provides no output,
to “0”, satisfying AND-25. After 10 ms this output therefore, RI2 will not operate.
bypasses T2 timer and provides speedup Zone-2
TTYP set at 1PR — 3PRN will provide output “1”
trip. The 10/0 ms time delay is for coordination on
on ØG faults only (via OR-100 and
external faults with unequal pole clearing. The 0/32
AND-51A), RI2 will operate.
ms timer is needed for security on external faults with
no load current condition. Targets LLT will turn on TTYP set at 2PR — 3PRN will provide output “1”
after an LLT trip. on ØG fault or ØØ faults (via OR-
100B and AND-51B), RI2 will
The LLT function is selected by the setting of “YES,
operate.
FDOG, NO”, where YES = LLT with Z2 supervision;
FDOG = LLT with both Z2 and (FDOG/IOM) supervi- TTYP set at 3PR — 3PRN will provide output “1”
sion; and NO = LLT function is not used. on any type of fault (via OR-51),
and RI2 will operate.
LLT is not recommended for 3-terminal line applica-
tion due to difficulty in determining proper setting of The Z1RI, Z2RI AND Z3RI settings combining with
IL and complicated infeed from the third terminal. the logic of AND-62B, -62C, -62D and OR-62 provide
for programming applications where the reclose initi-
9.13 PROGRAMMABLE RECLOSING INITIATION ation on Zone-1, Zone-2 or Zone-3 trip is desired on
(Figure 24) a non-pilot MDAR (REL-300) system. AND-62A is
The MDAR (REL-300) system provides the following controlled by the signal 3PRN, therefore, the setting
contact output for reclose initiation (RI) and reclose of 1PR, 2PR and 3PR also affects the Z1RI, Z2RI
block (RB) functions: and Z3RI program.
RI1, used for reclose initiation on single pole trip. In general, the RB relay will operate on TDT (time
RI2, used for reclose initiation on 3-pole trip. delay trips) or OSB (out-of-step block condition).
RB, used for reclose block. However, it will be disabled by the setting of Z1RI,
9-5
I.L. 40-385.5
Z2RI or Z3RI signal via OR-62 and AND-86. The OS logic is also supervised by the medium set
9.13.1 Logic for RB on BF squelch phase overcurrent signal (AND-122 on Figure 25).
The OSB signal is a negated input to the AND-131
For a pilot system, the BFI signal can be used to stop
(Z1P), AND-147 (Z2P), and AND-176 (PLTP) for
(for a blocking system) or start (for permissive
schemes) the carrier channel to allow far end line ter- supervising the 3-phase distance trip.
minals to trip in the event a breaker close to an exter-
The OSB signal is also applied to the reclosing logic
nal fault fail to open. The problem is how to inhibit it
for initiating RB.
reclosing on those terminals, to limit damage.
MDAR (REL-300) solves this problem at the far end The OSB logic as shown in Figure 25 is proposed by
terminals by the Reclose Block on Breaker Failure EPRI/China. Its design is based on the power system
Squelch logic in the RI/RB software. When the operation practices and experiences in China. It
breaker fails to trip, the BFI logic squelches the chan- includes the following unique features:
nel to continuous permissive signal, or stops the
blocking signal. This is done after some time delay. • OSB is not applied to zone-3.
The relay at the far end, having sensed the external
fault in the forward direction, sees the permissive sig- • OSB for zone-1, zone-2 and pilot is selected by
nal (or stoppage of blocking signal) much later than it the setting of OSB1, OSB2 and OSBP,
would for a normal pilot trip operation initiated by respectively.
relay forward-looking elements at the end closer to
• Use separated timers OSOT1 and OSOT2 in
the fault. This time delay is used to differentiate
zone-1 and zone-2 logic for out-of-step override
between a faster normal pilot trip and the slower
problem-related pilot trip initiated by BFI, and to block tripping, as shown in Figure 25.
reclosing in the later case. • An selectable OSTM timer setting, range 500 or
This logic is shown in Figure 24, which includes the 1000 ms, is provided for the logic. This timer will
AND-61A and a 132/0 ms timer. The logic at the far be used for the following features.
end terminal will initiate RB and inhibit RI) at 132 ms
(about 8 cycles) after the fault is detected by the • In order to ensure continuously OS block to the
overreaching PLTP or PLTG element, if the pilot is Z-units from tripping on the second and the
enabled and the TRSL signal is received on any following OS cycles where the swing rate may be
three-pole trip operation. If the fault is cleared before faster than the previous cycles, the modified OS
the 132 ms expiration of the timer, normal reclosing logic provides that once the out-of-step condition
will occur. is identified, the reset time of the output signal
9.13.2 For Single-pole-trip and pilot applications from the OS timer will be controlled by the preset
time of OSTM.
The RI1 relay is provided for single-pole trip scheme,
which is controlled by the TTYP setting of SPR and • Provide logic for blocking zone-1 and pilot (not
SR3R. Refer to Chapter X, Operation of MDAR zone-2 and zone-3) 3-phase units on severe
(REL-300) Optional Functions for the programmable external fault with delay clearing (e.g. breaker
reclose initiation on single-pole trip or pilot applica- failure condition). This logic included the 21BI
tions.
signal, the 200/OSTM timer, and OR-122A, OR-
9.14 POWER SWING BLOCK SUPERVISION, 201A, as shown in Figure 25.
OSB
9.15 Communications
The Out-of-step blocking (OSB) logic in MDAR (REL-
300) is a dual blinder scheme. It contains two blinder Refer to chapter XI for detail.
units, providing 4 blinder lines. The nature of the logic
shown in Figure 25 is that the outer blinder 21BO 9.16 Fault Records and Intermediate Targets
must operate 50 ms or more ahead of the inner
blinder 21BI, in order for an OS condition to be identi- Sixteen records and targets are stored. Refer to
fied. chapter XI for detail.
9-6
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 7. OPERATOR INTERFACE
7.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION There are five test points on the MDAR (REL-300)
The operator panel (Figure 4) provides an integral relay front panel to measure power supply voltage.
convenient means of checking or changing settings, The test points provide measurement of the -24, +5, -
and of checking relay-unit operations after a fault. 12 and +12 Vdc voltages.
Fault location, trip type, phase units which operated, The serial port on the rear panel (Figure 2) is pro-
and breakers which tripped are available for most vided for remote transmission of target data, remote
recent 2 faults by using pushbuttons to step through setting and optional oscillographic data. It also can
the information. Targets from the last 16 faults are be used for future networking, data communications.
stored even if the relay is deenergized and are avail-
able through remote communication only. 7.2 FRONT PANEL INTERFACE OPERATION
The operator interface consists of a vacuum display
The operator panel contains 7 LEDs as follows:
with four alphanumeric characters for the function
(1) Relay in service — When this LED illuminates field and four alphanumeric characters for the value
the MDAR (REL-300) relay is in service, there field, seven pushbuttons, seven LED's, and five test
is dc power to the relay and the relay has points. All relay functions can be locally set, moni-
passed the self-check and self-test. The LED tored, and tested from this front panel interface (Fig-
will turned OFF if the relay has any internal failure 4).
ure shown in the “Test” mode, and the relay trip
output will be blocked. 7.2.1 Display Selection
(2) Settings — For read or change settings. The display selection pushbutton controls the type of
information displayed. The options include settings,
(3) Monitoring — The display shows three-phase metered values, two sets of fault data, and test mode.
voltage, current and angle. One of the five display modes is always selected and
(4) Last Fault — When flashing, indicates new fault is indicated by an illuminated LED. Depressing the
information available. “DISPLAY SELECT” pushbutton changes the display
information to the next selection.
(5) Previous Fault — When last fault LED flashes
twice per minute, indicates information for the 7.2.2 Entering Settings
fault proceeding the last fault. The operation of the MDAR (REL-300) relay is con-
trolled through the settings. To access the settings,
(6) Value Accepted — When the “Settings” LED is
also ON, the “Value Accepted” LED flashes the “DISPLAY SELECT” pushbutton should be
only once, to indicate that a new setting value depressed until the “SETTINGS” LED is illuminated.
is accepted; when the “Test” LED is also ON, The RAISE and LOWER FUNCTION pushbuttons
the output contacts can be tested. are depressed to scroll through the settings. The
RAISE and LOWER VALUE pushbuttons are
(7) Test — Use for verifying self-check and perform depressed to change the settings. When the desired
functional test.
value appears on the VALUE display, depressing the
The operator is notified that targets are avail-
“ENTER” pushbutton causes the displayed value to
able by flashing LED's on the panel, plus an
output relay contact provided to operate an be entered for the displayed function. The “VALUE
external annunciator. ACCEPTED” LED flashes once to indicate that the
value has been successfully entered into the system.
The operator can also look at non-fault voltage, cur-
rent and phase angle on the display. Settings can be 7.2.3 Displaying Monitoring Data
easily checked as well. The display will be blocked All three-phase currents, voltages and phase angles
momentarily, every minute, for the purpose of self- are available for on-line display during normal opera-
check; this will not affect the relay protection function. tion. Conditions such as out-of-step blocking, loss-of-
7-1
I.L. 40-385.5
potential, and loss-of-current can also be monitored. ing capabilities for MDAR (REL-300). Information of
Select the “VOLT/AMPS/ANGLE” function using the relay status, A/D calibration, testing of the carrier
“DISPLAY SELECT” pushbutton. Scroll through the send and receive functions for the pilot systems, and
metered data using the RAISE and LOWER FUNC- trip relay test are among the functions provided. To
TION pushbuttons. Upon initialization the display is
access the test function, the “DISPLAY SELECT”
set to show the IA current.
pushbutton should be depressed until the “TEST”
The phase rotation ABC or ACB is also displayed on LED is illuminated. The RAISE and LOWER FUNC-
the monitoring mode depends on the setting of the TION pushbuttons are depressed to scroll through
jumper JMP3 on processor module. This feature is the desired function. The required information will
not included in Version 2.6x. display in the VALUE field. Contact output test can
7.2.4 Displaying Fault Records only be performed when jumper JMP5 on the micro-
processor module is in. (Refer to chapter VIII. Self-
The last two sets of fault data are available for dis-
play. “LAST FAULT” is the data associated with the checking and Functional test” for more detail informa-
most recent trip event. “PREVIOUS FAULT” is the tion).
data from the prior trip event. Select the desired set
of target data using the “DISPLAY SELECT” push- 7.2.6 16 Fault Records and Intermediate
button. Scroll through the fault data using the RAISE Targets.
and LOWER FUNCTION pushbuttons. (Refer to
Chapter XI for more detail)
7.2.5 Display Test Mode Functions 7.2.7 16 Oscillographic Records
The test display mode provides diagnostic and test- Refer to chapter 11 for detail.
7-2
I.L. 40-385.5
7.3 DISPLAY AND TARGET INFORMATION

(1) Settings Display The setting display shows the following
information: Display
Information / Settings Function Value

Field Field
Software version VERS 2.60
*Initiate OSC storage OSC TRIP/Z2TR/Z2Z3/DVDI
Initiate fault data storage FDAT TRIP/Z2TR/Z2Z3
CT ratio CTR 30-5000, (5)
PT ratio VTR 100-7000, (5)
Rated Freq. FREQ 60, 50
CT secondary rating CTYP 5 or 1
Enable/disable readouts in primary I & V values RP YES/NO
Positive line Reactance (:/unit distance)
multiplier for fault locator XPUD 0.300-1.5, in 0.001/DTYP
Fault location, displayed
in Km. or miles DTYP KM or MI (miles)
Reclosing mode:TTYP
1)3PT on all faults, no RI. OFF
with 3RI on DG fault.
with 3RI on DG/2D fault.
4)3PT on all faults w/3RI. 3PR
3PT on MD fault w/o RI. SPR
3PT on MD fault w/3RI. SR3R
@*Single phasing limit timer 62T 0.300-5.000 in 0.05 sec. steps
*Timer for pole-disagreement SPTT 1.000-6.000 in 1.0 sec. steps
RB on BF squelch BFRB YES/NO
Remote pilot control PLT YES/NO
Pilot system selection: STYP
1) 3-zone non pilot schemes 3ZNP
2) Zone-1 extension scheme Z1E
3) POTT or Unblocking scheme POTT
4) PUTT scheme PUTT
5) Blocking scheme BLK
FDOG trip delay timer FDGT 0-15, in 1 cycle steps
Blocking system channel coordination timer BLKT 0-98, in 2 ms steps
Pilot phase unit PLTP #0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Pilot ground unit PLTG #0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Zone-1 phase unit Z1P #0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Zone-1 ground unit Z1G #0.01-50.00, 0.01 ohm steps
Zone-1 delay trip T1 0-15, in 1 cycle steps
* Optional
@ 62T will not be available if JMP2 is not on 2-3 position
7-3
I.L. 40-385.5
Display
Information/Settings Function Value
Field Field (note 1)
Zone-2 ground timer T 2G 0.10-2.99,BLK,0.01sec.steps
Zone-3 ground timer T3G 0.10-9.99,BLK,0.01sec.steps
Zone-3 direction Z3FR FWD/REV
Z1L impedance angle PANG 40-90, in 1.0 degree steps
ZOL impedance angle GANG 4 0-90, in 1.0 degree steps
ZOL/Z1L ZR 0.1-7.0, in 0.1 steps
Low voltage units LV 4 0-60, in 1.0 volt steps.
Low set phase o/c unit IL 0.5-10, in 0.1 amp steps
Med set phase o/c unit IM 0.5-10, in 0.1 amp steps
Low set ground o/c unit IOS 0.5-10, in 0.1 amp steps
Med set ground o/c unit IOM 0.5-10, in 0.1 amp steps
High set phase o/c unit ITP # 2.0-150.0, 0.5 amp steps
High set ground o/c unit ITG # 2.0-150,0, 0.5 amp steps
Out-of-step block pilot OSBP YES/NO
OS & OS override timers OSTM 500, 1000 ms
OSB inner blinder RT 1.00-15.00, 0.1 ohm steps
OSB outer blinder RU 3.00-15.00, 0.1 ohm steps
Directional ground units DIRU ZSEQ, NSEQ, DUAL
Ground backup time curves GBCV # CO-2, CO-5, CO-6, CO-7,
CO-8, CO-9 and CO-11.
Ground backup setting GBPU 0.5-4.0, in 0.1 amp steps
Ground backup time dial GTC 1-63, in 1.0 steps
Choice of directional or non-directional ground backup GDIR YES/NO
CIF trip CIF YES/NO
LLT trip LLT YES/FDOG/NO
LOP block LOPB YES/NO
LOI block LOIB YES/NO
Trip alarm seal-in AL2S YES/NO
Remote setting SETR YES/NO
Real time clock TIME YES/NO
1) set year YEAR 1980-2079,in 1 year steps
2) set month MNTH 1-12, in 1 month steps
3) set day DAY 1-31, in 1 day steps
4) set week day WDAY SUN/MON/TUES/WEN/
THUR/FRI/SAT
5) set hour HOUR 1-24, in 1 hour steps
6) set minute MIN 1-60, in 1 minute steps
* Optional, # use “OUT” for disabling this unit.
Note: When the CTYP is set at 1 ampere, the range of the following functions is as shown below:
Z1P/Z1G/Z2P/Z2G/Z3P/Z3G
and PLTP/PLTG 0.05-250.00, in 0.05 ohms steps
ITP/ITG 0.4-30.0, in 0.1 amp. steps
7-4
I.L. 40-385.5
(2) Monitoring Display

The metering group display shows the following information.
Display
Field Field (note)
Phase A current (mag.) IA numerical, A

“ (ang.) ∠IA deg.
Phase A voltage (mag.) VAG numerical, v
“ (ang.) ∠VAG deg.
Phase B current (mag.) IB

“ (ang.) ∠IB
Phase B voltage (mag.) VBG
“ (deg.) ∠VBG
Phase C current (mag.) IC
“ (ang.) ∠IC
Phase C voltage (mag.) VCG
“ (ang.) ∠VCG
Date DATE XX.XX (month.day)
Time TIME XX.XX (hour.minute)
Local/Remote Setting SET LOC/REM/BOTH
Carrier Receiver-1 RX-1 YES/NO
LOP Indication LOP YES/NO
LOI indication LOI YES/NO
Out-of-step block OSB YES/NO
* Optional
7-5
I.L. 40-385.5
(3) Fault Data Display

The MDAR (REL-300) saves the latest 16 fault records, but only the latest two fault records can be
accessed from the front panel. For complete 16 fault records, one of the communication interface
devices are required.
Each set of fault target record display shows the following information:
Display
Field Field
Fault occurred at:

1.date DATE XX.XX (month.day)
2.year YEAR XXXX
3.time TIME XX.XX (hour.minute)
4.second SEC XX.XX (second)
Fault type FTYP AG/BG/CG/AB/BC/CA

ABG/BCG/CAG/ABC



Zone-2 phase tripped Z2P “


Pilot phase tripped PLTP “

Pilot ground tripped PLTG “
High set phase tripped ITP “

High set ground tripped ITG “
Close-into fault trip CIF “
Load-loss tripped LLT “
Ground backup tripped GB “
*Sec. fault tripped(SPF) SPF “

*62T tripped 62T “
* Optional functions for single-pole trip.
7-6
I.L. 40-385.5
Display
Field Field (note)
Fault location Z In ohms
Fault Z angle FANG numerical
Fault distance DMI or DKM In miles or KM
Prefault load current PFLC numerical, A
Prefault phase voltage PFLV numerical, V
Prefault load angle LP numerical, deg.
Carrier send SEND numerical,
RCVR #1 RX1 numerical,
Fault voltage VA (mag.) VPA numerical, V
(ang.) ∠ VPA numerical, deg.
Fault voltage VB (mag.) VPB numerical, V
(ang.) ∠VPB numerical, deg.
Fault voltage VC (mag.) VPC numerical, V
(ang.) ∠VPC numerical, deg.
Fault voltage 3VO(mag.) 3VO numerical, V
(ang.) ∠3VO numerical, deg.
Fault current IA (mag.) IPA numerical, A
(deg.) ∠IPA numerical, deg.
Fault current IB (mag.) IPB numerical, A
(deg.) ∠IPB numerical, deg.
Fault current IC (mag.) IPC numerical, A
(deg.) ∠IPC numerical, deg.
Fault current 3I0(mag.) 3IO numerical, A
(deg.) ∠3IO numerical, deg.
Pol. current IP (mag.) IP numerical, A
(deg.) ∠IP numerical, deg.
* Optional
Note: The “Relay In Service” LED indicates the MDAR (REL-300)ms system is in-service. It will come on
when the dc is applied and after the system is initialized.
(4) Test Functions Display

Five functions are available in the test function mode. They are: STAT, ADC, RS1, TK and TRIP.
STAT The STAT is the relay self-check status. MDAR (REL-300) jumps to the test mode status display
(STAT) to show the cause of the problem. A zero value indicates that no self-check failure has
occurred. A nonzero hex byte form value indicates hardware or software failed. Refer to Chapter
VIII for more detail.
ADC The ADC value display is for use in calibration of the analog input to MDAR (REL-300) and is only
visible when MDAR (REL-300) is in calibration mode (JMP6 on processor module installed). Refer
to Appendix E for calibration.
RS1, TK and TRIP
These selections are for functional tests. When the selector is in the test mode,
scroll the function field by the raise pushbutton. The value field display shows
RS1, (Carrier receiver #1), and TK (Carrier send). Refer to Chapter VIII for more
detailed information.
7-7
I.L. 40-385.5
If jumper JMP5 on the processor module is set to IN position, the following ten
contacts can be selected for testing. Refer to Chapter VIII for more detailed
information.
TRIP RELY
BFI RELY
RI1 RELY
RI2 RELY
RB RELY
AL1 RELY
AL2 RELY
GS RELY
SEND RELY
STOP RELY
7.4 16 FAULT RECORDS AND INTERMEDIATE TARGETS.
7-8
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 9. OPERATION OF MDAR (REL 300) BASIC FUNCTIONS
9.1 LOSS-OF-POTENTIAL SUPERVISION (LOP) Logic AND-1A,-1B,-1C,-1E and OR-1D, and 150/0, 0/
3500 ms timer circuits in Figure 12A are for solving
The ac voltage monitoring circuit is called loss-of- these problems. This logic unblocks the LOPB circuit
potential circuit. and provides a 3500 ms trip window for the distance
units to trip if the fault current is detected within 150
In order to prevent undesirable tripping due to the ms after LOP has been set up. The 150 ms timer can
distance unit(s) pickup on loss-of-potential, logic (low be extended to 500 ms if a jumper (JMP3) on the
voltage and not VI) and (Vo and not Io) are included Microprocessor module is installed.
in MDAR (REL-300) design, as shown in Figure 12A.
The low voltage and Vo units for the LOP logic are 9.2 MONITORING OF AC CURRENT (LOI)
set at a fixed value of 7 volts. Under loss-of-potential The ac current monitoring circuit is similar to the LOP
condition, low voltage (or Vo) and not VI (or Io) satisfy logic, except using IOM and not Vo as a criterion, as
AND-1. The output signal of AND-1 starts the 8/500 shown in Figure 13. Under a ct short circuit or open
ms timer. The timer output will satisfy AND-1C if circuit condition, IOM and not Vo satisfies AND-23.
there is no output from AND-1B. The output signal of The LOI output signal from AND-23 starts the 500/
AND-1C will block all the distance unit tripping paths 500 ms timer. The output of the timer will turn on the
via AND-2, AND-3, AND-4, AND-5, AND-6, AND-172 non-memory LOI indicator on the metering display
(also blocks AND-191 and AND-187 for pilot sys- during the LOI condition. This output is also con-
tems) if LOPB is set to “YES”. The LOPB blocking nected to the failure alarm output relay GS (AL-3).
function can be disabled by selecting the LOPB value The LOI signal also can be used to block the MDAR
display to NO. (REL-300) trip outputs under LOI condition if the
LOIB (loss-of-current block) is selected to YES.
The output of the LOP timer will turn on the non- 9.3 OVERCURRENT SUPERVISION
memory LOP indicator on the metering display dur- (Figure 14)
ing the LOP condition via AND-1F after 500 ms
The MDAR (REL-300) distance units do not require
delay. This output is also connected to the failure
overcurrent supervision, because the relay normally
alarm output relay GS (Alarm-3). operates in a background mode. They will not start
the zone-1 and pilot impedance computation until a
In selecting the LOPB to “YES”, the intent is to block
phase current or a phase voltage disturbance is
all the distance units from tripping should a LOP con-
detected. This approach can minimize the load prob-
dition exist. However, for a condition as shown in Fig-
lem on setting the phase overcurrent units. However,
ure 12B, a single-end source energizes two parallel
in order to meet the traditional practice, a medium set
circuits without pre-fault load current. The MDAR
phase overcurrent unit IM (IAM or IBM or ICM) has
(REL-300) at the remote end B of the protected line been added to MDAR (REL-300) versions 2.10/2.60
may fail to trip for an internal fault near the source- to supervise Z1P/Z2P/Z3P/PLTP trip functions, as
end A, because its LOP sets up before the terminal A shown in Figure 14. This unit should not be set to
trips. This is because the relay at B sees no current, limit the zone-3 reach, and traditionally should be set
but sees a low voltage condition before circuit above the load current.
breaker A opens.
For increasing the security, the application of LOPB
Also, for a condition as shown in Figure 12C, an supervision function is still normally recommended.
evolving fault at 50% location with symmetrical For coordination purposes, the ground trip units Z1G,
source impedances, MDAR (REL-300)'s at both A Z2G, Z3G, PLTG, and FDOG are supervised by the
and B will not trip if LOPB is selected to “YES”, medium set ground overcurrent unit IOM, except the
because neither MDAR (REL-300) sees a current Z3G/RDOG units (for carrier start on blocking
change (or no Io) on the protected line to set up the scheme, and for reverse blocking on permissive
LOPB logic before the second fault is applied. scheme) are supervised by the low set IOS. The Iom
9-1
I.L. 40-385.5
and Ios settings must be coordinated with one operates along with the IOM and FDOG units, satisfy-
another. ing AND-3. Tripping is initiated via OR-2 with Zone-1
ground trip Z1G indication. Logic AND-3 is also
Besides the above supervisions, the MDAR (REL-
supervised by the signal of RDOG (reverse direc-
300) is supervised by a different kind of faulted phase
tional overcurrent ground) for security.
selector signal on each trip path. The faulted phase
selector uses current only A two-out-of-three “leading phase blocking” logic is
(I1 + I2) approach. For ØØ - unit tripping there must included for solving the overreach problem of the sin-
be I2 present. gle-phase ground distance units which may respond
to a ØØG fault.
9.4 ZONE-1 TRIP
When the MDAR (REL-300) functional display The Z1G unit is also supervised by the signal of
“STYP” is selected to “3ZNP” it will perform 3-zone unequal-pole- closing.
non-pilot functions. The T1 timer, as shown in Figure 15, provides time
delay on Z1P/Z1G trip if required. The range of T1
For Zone-1 phase faults, the Z1P unit will see the
timer is 0 to 15 cycles in 1.0 cycle steps. Normally,
fault and operate. As shown in Figure 15. Outputs of
the T1 timer should be selected to zero time delay,
Z1P, IM plus the operation of FDOP, if applied, satis-
unless it is needed. For example, when using MDAR
fies AND-2 and provides a high speed trip (HST) sig-
(REL-300) as a non-pilot 3PT backup with another
nal from OR-2 to operate the trip output telephone
system operated on SPT mode, set MDAR (REL-
relay. The trip circuit is monitored by a seal-in reed
300) Zone-1 with delay.
relay S, which is in series with each trip contact in the
tripping circuits. The S relay will pick up if the trip cur- HST signal also is connected to the reclosing initia-
rent is higher than 0.5 amp. The operation of the tion logic.
seal-in contact “S” (i.e. after breaker trip coil has Either or both Zone-1 phase and Zone-1 ground
been energized) provides the trip seal-in signal function(s) can be disabled by selecting the Z1P and/
TRSL. It feeds back to OR-4 and AND-8 to hold the or Z1G to OUT.
trip relay in operation until the breaker trips and the
52b contact opens (not shown in Figure 15). The trip 9.5 ZONE-2 TRIP
contact and the TRSL signal can be delayed dropout For Zone-2 phase faults, the Z2P unit will see the
by 50ms after the trip current is removed, providing faults, plus the output of IM, operates the Zone-2
JMP4 on the microprocessor board is connected. phase timer T2P. Z2P output plus the T2P timer out-
The TRSL signal from AND-8 plus the output signal put satisfy AND-4 as shown in Figure 16. AND-4 out-
from AND-2 turn on the Zone-1 phase trip indicator put provides time delay trip signal TDT via OR-3.
Z1P. The breaker trip and Zone-1 phase trip indica- Signal TDT picks up OR-4 (Figure 15) and operates
tors are sealed-in. They can be reset only after man- the trip relay. The tripping and targeting are similar as
ually pushing the RESET pushbutton on the front described in Zone-1 trip except with Zone-2 phase
panel, or through remote communication. The flash- time delay trip Z2P indication.
ing LED will be reset, but the fault information will still
Similar operation occurs for Zone-2 single-phase-to-
remain in memory.
ground faults. The Z2G unit sees the fault and oper-
The Z1P 3ø trip logic AND-131 is also supervised by ates. This plus the operation of the IOM, FDOG and
the selectable OSB logic when the OSB1 is selected T2G, satisfies AND-5, and provides the TDT signal
to “YES”. via OR-3 with Zone-2 ground time delay trip indicator
Z1P logic AND-2 is also supervised by the FDOP Z2G.
(forward directional overcurrent phase unit) when the Zone-2 3ø unit is supervised by the selectable
OSB1 or OSB2 or OSBP is selected to “YES” for OSB2.
more security on some special power system appli-
The single phase ground distance units may respond
cations (Refer to Chapter XI, paragraph G for a more
to a ØØG fault. The output of the Z2G unit plus the
detailed explanation).
operation of the ØØ - selection will trip the Z2P via
Similar operations function for Zone-1 single-phase- OR-157, T2P and AND-18. Leading phase blocking
to-ground faults. The Z1G unit sees the fault and is unnecessary for an overreach zone device.
9-2
I.L. 40-385.5
TDT signal can be connected to the reclosing block 9.8 CLOSE-INTO-FAULT TRIP
logic.
In order to supplement distance unit operation when
Either or both Zone-2 phase and Zone-2 ground the circuit breaker is closed into a fault and line side
function(s) can be disabled by selecting the Z2P and/ potential is used. The CIF close-into-fault trip circuit,
or Z2G to OUT; or can be disabled by selecting the as shown in Figure 19, includes logic AND-22, OR-3
T2P and/or T2G to BLK. and 100/180 ms and 16/0 ms timers. Logic AND-22
is satisfied and produces a trip signal for 180 ms after
9.6 ZONE-2 TRIP
circuit breaker closing (52b contact opened) if the
For Zone-3 phase faults, the Z3P unit (forward or overcurrent unit(s), IAL, IBL, ICL or IOM, operate OR-
reverse looking, depending on the Z3FR set to FWD 11, and if any phase voltage is below the preset level
or REV) will see the faults and operate the Zone-3 of the LV-units (OR-222A). Tripping will be via OR-3,
phase timer T3P. The Z3P output plus the T3P timer with RB and CIF target.
output satisfy AND-6 as shown in Figure 17. AND-6
The application of the “close-into-fault” function is
output provides time delay trip signal TDT via OR-3.
selected by the setting of the CIF to YES.
Signal TDT picks up OR-4 (Figure 15) and operates
the trip relay. The tripping and targeting are similar to 9.9 UNEQUAL-POLE CLOSING LOAD PICKUP
Zone-1 trip, except with zone-3 phase time delay trip CONTROL
Z3P indication. The ground units may pick up on a condition of load
Zone-3 3ø unit is not supervised by the OSB logic. pickup with unequal breaker pole closing. The high
speed trip ground units Z1G and FDOG/IOM should
For Zone-3 single-phase-to-ground faults, the Z3G be supervised under this condition. This can be
sees the fault and operates. This plus the operation achieved, as shown in Figure 20, by inserting a 0/50
of the IOM, satisfy AND-7. This provides the TDT sig- ms timer and controlling by the 52b signal to super-
nal, then trips via OR-3 with zone-3 ground time vise the Z1G trip path AND-3 (Figure 15) and FDOG/
delay trip indicator Z3G. TDT signal can be con- IOM trip path AND-188 (Figures 26 and 34). It should
nected to the reclosing block logic. For security, the be noted that the 50 ms time delay will have no effect
Z3G unit is also supervised by the signal of RDOG on a normal fault clearing.
when it is set for reverse looking (or by the signal of
FDOG when it is set for forward looking) via logic The ground distance unit PLTG is less sensitive as
OR-171B and AND-171A as shown in Figure 17. the FDOG, it is not need to have this supervising cir-
cuit.
Either or both Zone-3 phase and Zone-3 ground
function(s) can be disabled by selecting the Z3P and/ On internal ground faults, if the mechanical actuator
or Z3G to OUT; or by selecting the T3P and/or T3G of the circuit breaker operates, but the arc does not
to BLK. extinguish (e.g. due to low gas pressure), the closing
action of the 52b contact, connected to MDAR (REL-
9.7 DIRECTIONAL INSTANTANEOUS 300), will reset the Z1G trip path AND-3, and ulti-
OVERCURRENT TRIPS mately, the BFI contact. This may introduce interrup-
The directional instantaneous overcurrent units IAH, tion to the BF scheme if BFI logic does not provide
IBH, ICH and IOH are supervised by the FDOP (A, B seal-in circuit. The AND-3C logic in Figure 20 will
and C) for phases and by FDOG for ground. These solve this problem.
units are normally set high to detect those faults 9.10 INVERSE TIME DIRECTIONAL OR NON-
which occur in the Zone-1 area. Therefore, their trip- DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT GROUND
ping will occur via OR-2 for HST, as shown in Figure BACKUP (GB)
18. The use of directional supervision will minimize
The overcurrent ground backup unit GB is to supple-
some setting difficulties in applications. The setting of
ment the distance ground protection on high resis-
LOPB has no effect to the high-set trip function
tance ground faults. Its selectable time characteristic
except the units will become a non-directional during
curves, as shown below, are similar to the conven-
LOP condition if the LOPB setting is set to YES.
tional CO relays.
These high-set trip functions can be disabled by set-
ting the ITP (phase) and/or ITG (ground) to OUT. CO-2 Short time curve
9-3
I.L. 40-385.5
CO-5 Long time curve set to DUAL position. However, the GB-unit will be
CO-6 Definite time curve controlled by the negative sequence voltage and cur-
CO-7 Moderately inverse time curve rent polarized element if the value field is selected to
CO-8 Inverse time curve NSEQ (negative sequence). The pickup value of the
CO-9 Very inverse time curve overcurrent unit is controlled by the “GBPU” setting.
CO-11 Extremely inverse time curve The unit can be disabled by selecting the “GBCV” to
OUT.
As shown in the setting table, the time curve can be
selected by using the “GBCV” setting, the time dial is 9.11 ZONE-1 EXTENSION
set by the “GTC” value. The following equation can
This scheme provides a higher speed operation on
be used to calculate the trip time for all CO curves
end zone faults without the application of pilot chan-
from CO-2 to CO-11:
nel.
K GTC
T ( sec ) = T 0 + --------------------------- --------------- for 3 I 0 > = 1.5 If the MDAR (REL-300) functional display “STYP” is
P 24000
(3I 0 – C ) selected to Z1E, the Z1P/Z1G unit will provide two
outputs. One is overreach (reach to 1.25 times the
R GTC
T (sec) = --------------------- --------------- for 1 < 3 I 0 < 1.5 zone-1 setting) and one is the normal zone-1 reach.
( 3 I 0 – 1 ) 24000
A single shot instantaneous reclosing device should
be used when applying this scheme. The targets
IF
where 3 I 0 = ------------------ Z1P/Z1G will indicate either zone-1 trip and/or Z1E
GBPU trip operations. The other functions, such as Z2T,
GBPU = Pickup current setting (0.5 to 4.0A) Z3T, ac trouble monitoring, overcurrent supervision,
GTC = Time curve dial setting (1 to 63) IT, CIF, unequal-pole closing load pickup control,
T0, K, C, P and R are constants, and are shown as load-loss acceleration trip, etc. would remain the
below: same as in the basic scheme (3ZNP).
The GB function can be set as either directional or For a remote internal fault, (Figure 22), either Z1P or
non-directional by setting the “GDIR” to YES or NO. Z1G will see the fault since they overreach to
1.25(Z1P/Z1G), high speed trip
Curve No. T0 K C P R will be performed via the normal
Z1T path (Figure 15) AND-2 (or
AND-3) and OR-2. HST signal
CO2 111.99 735.00 0.675 1 501
operates the instantaneous
C05 8196.67 13768.94 1.130 1 22705
reclosing scheme. The breaker
CO6 784.52 671.01 1.190 1 1475
recloses and stays closed if the
CO7 524.84 3120.56 0.800 1 2491
fault is automatically cleared.
CO8 477.84 4122.08 1.270 1 9200
CO9 310.01 2756.06 1.350 1 9342 Target Z1P and/or Z1G will be dis-
CO11 110.00 17640.00 0.500 2 8875 played. Once the breaker trip cir-
cuit carries current, it operates the
The directional GB function uses the torque control logic OR-5 (not shown), produces output signal
approach as indicated in Figure 21. The directional TRSL, and satisfies logic AND-26 for 5000 ms (Fig-
element can be selected with either zero sequence ure 25). The output signal of AND-26 will trigger the
or negative sequence as a polarizing quantity, Z1P/Z1G reach circuit, constricting their reaches
depending on the application. By scrolling the func- back to the normal Zone-1 for 5000 ms. During the
tional field to DIRU (directional unit) and selecting reach constricting periods, if the breaker is reclosed
ZSEQ in the value field, the GB-unit will be controlled on a Zone-1 permanent fault, it will trip again. If the
by the zero sequence voltage polarized element. The breaker is reclosed on an end-zone permanent fault,
GB-unit will be controlled by either the zero the normal Z2T will take place.
sequence voltage 3Vo polarized element and/or the
zero sequence current IP polarized element (current For a remote external fault, either Z1P or Z1G will see
from a power transformer neutral CT) if the DIRU is the fault since they are set to overreach. High speed
9-4
I.L. 40-385.5
trip will be performed. HST signal operates the The operation of RI1, RI2 and RB contacts is con-
instantaneous reclosing scheme. The breaker trolled by the setting of the programmable reclose ini-
recloses and stays closed if the fault has been iso- tiation logic as shown in Figure 24. The operation of
lated by the adjacent line breaker. either RI1, RI2 or RB must be confirmed by the signal
of TRSL, which is the trip output of MDAR (REL-300)
However, if the adjacent line breaker fails to trip, the
operation.
normal remote back up will operate.
The External Pilot Enable Switch (refer to Figure 6,
9.12 SELECTABLE LOSS-OF-LOAD
ACCELERATED TRIP (LLT) terminals 9 and 10 on TB-5), is used for externally
enabling the pilot system.
The load loss accelerated Zone-2 trip logic senses
remote 3-pole clearing on all faults except 3Ø to The PLT setting is similar to the external pilot enable
complement or substitute for the action of the pilot switch, except it is set from the front panel (or
channel, speeding up trip at the slow terminal. The remotely set via the communication interface).
logic includes AND-24, AND-25, OR-13, 0/32 and the For pilot MDAR (REL-300) with supporting non-pilot
10/0 ms timers, as shown in Figure 23. Under normal function, a most popular reclose initiation practice is
system conditions, 3-phase load currents are bal- to have reclosing initiation on high speed trip (pilot,
anced, and the low set overcurrent units IAL, IBL, ICL Zone-1 and high set) only. Referring to Figure 24, this
satisfy both AND-24 and OR-13. On internal end can be programmed by closing the external pilot
zone faults, Z2P, Z2G and/or FDOG/IoM picks up and enable switch and selecting PLT and Z1RI to YES.
satisfies the third input to AND-25 via OR-6. How- AND-84 will produce logic to operate the RI2 relay
ever, the signal from AND-24 is negated to AND-25, when receiving signals from TRSL and AND-89. The
therefore, AND-25 should have no output until the use of Z1RI signal to supervise the AND-84 provides
remote end 3-pole trips. a flexibility for disabling RI, if needed, when pilot is in-
At this time the local end current will lose one or two service. The program is further controlled by the
phases, depending on the type of fault (except 3- TTYP setting.
phases), and AND-24 output signal changes from “1” TTYP set at OFF — 3PRN provides no output,
to “0”, satisfying AND-25. After 10 ms this output therefore, RI2 will not operate.
bypasses T2 timer and provides speedup Zone-2
TTYP set at 1PR — 3PRN will provide output “1”
trip. The 10/0 ms time delay is for coordination on
on ØG faults only (via OR-100 and
external faults with unequal pole clearing. The 0/32
AND-51A), RI2 will operate.
ms timer is needed for security on external faults with
no load current condition. Targets LLT will turn on TTYP set at 2PR — 3PRN will provide output “1”
after an LLT trip. on ØG fault or ØØ faults (via OR-
100B and AND-51B), RI2 will
The LLT function is selected by the setting of “YES,
operate.
FDOG, NO”, where YES = LLT with Z2 supervision;
FDOG = LLT with both Z2 and (FDOG/IOM) supervi- TTYP set at 3PR — 3PRN will provide output “1”
sion; and NO = LLT function is not used. on any type of fault (via OR-51),
and RI2 will operate.
LLT is not recommended for 3-terminal line applica-
tion due to difficulty in determining proper setting of The Z1RI, Z2RI AND Z3RI settings combining with
IL and complicated infeed from the third terminal. the logic of AND-62B, -62C, -62D and OR-62 provide
for programming applications where the reclose initi-
9.13 PROGRAMMABLE RECLOSING INITIATION ation on Zone-1, Zone-2 or Zone-3 trip is desired on
(Figure 24) a non-pilot MDAR (REL-300) system. AND-62A is
The MDAR (REL-300) system provides the following controlled by the signal 3PRN, therefore, the setting
contact output for reclose initiation (RI) and reclose of 1PR, 2PR and 3PR also affects the Z1RI, Z2RI
block (RB) functions: and Z3RI program.
RI1, used for reclose initiation on single pole trip. In general, the RB relay will operate on TDT (time
RI2, used for reclose initiation on 3-pole trip. delay trips) or OSB (out-of-step block condition).
RB, used for reclose block. However, it will be disabled by the setting of Z1RI,
9-5
I.L. 40-385.5
Z2RI or Z3RI signal via OR-62 and AND-86. The OS logic is also supervised by the medium set
9.13.1 Logic for RB on BF squelch phase overcurrent signal (AND-122 on Figure 25).
The OSB signal is a negated input to the AND-131
For a pilot system, the BFI signal can be used to stop
(Z1P), AND-147 (Z2P), and AND-176 (PLTP) for
(for a blocking system) or start (for permissive
schemes) the carrier channel to allow far end line ter- supervising the 3-phase distance trip.
minals to trip in the event a breaker close to an exter-
The OSB signal is also applied to the reclosing logic
nal fault fail to open. The problem is how to inhibit it
for initiating RB.
reclosing on those terminals, to limit damage.
MDAR (REL-300) solves this problem at the far end The OSB logic as shown in Figure 25 is proposed by
terminals by the Reclose Block on Breaker Failure EPRI/China. Its design is based on the power system
Squelch logic in the RI/RB software. When the operation practices and experiences in China. It
breaker fails to trip, the BFI logic squelches the chan- includes the following unique features:
nel to continuous permissive signal, or stops the
blocking signal. This is done after some time delay. • OSB is not applied to zone-3.
The relay at the far end, having sensed the external
fault in the forward direction, sees the permissive sig- • OSB for zone-1, zone-2 and pilot is selected by
nal (or stoppage of blocking signal) much later than it the setting of OSB1, OSB2 and OSBP,
would for a normal pilot trip operation initiated by respectively.
relay forward-looking elements at the end closer to
• Use separated timers OSOT1 and OSOT2 in
the fault. This time delay is used to differentiate
zone-1 and zone-2 logic for out-of-step override
between a faster normal pilot trip and the slower
problem-related pilot trip initiated by BFI, and to block tripping, as shown in Figure 25.
reclosing in the later case. • An selectable OSTM timer setting, range 500 or
This logic is shown in Figure 24, which includes the 1000 ms, is provided for the logic. This timer will
AND-61A and a 132/0 ms timer. The logic at the far be used for the following features.
end terminal will initiate RB and inhibit RI) at 132 ms
(about 8 cycles) after the fault is detected by the • In order to ensure continuously OS block to the
overreaching PLTP or PLTG element, if the pilot is Z-units from tripping on the second and the
enabled and the TRSL signal is received on any following OS cycles where the swing rate may be
three-pole trip operation. If the fault is cleared before faster than the previous cycles, the modified OS
the 132 ms expiration of the timer, normal reclosing logic provides that once the out-of-step condition
will occur. is identified, the reset time of the output signal
9.13.2 For Single-pole-trip and pilot applications from the OS timer will be controlled by the preset
time of OSTM.
The RI1 relay is provided for single-pole trip scheme,
which is controlled by the TTYP setting of SPR and • Provide logic for blocking zone-1 and pilot (not
SR3R. Refer to Chapter X, Operation of MDAR zone-2 and zone-3) 3-phase units on severe
(REL-300) Optional Functions for the programmable external fault with delay clearing (e.g. breaker
reclose initiation on single-pole trip or pilot applica- failure condition). This logic included the 21BI
tions.
signal, the 200/OSTM timer, and OR-122A, OR-
9.14 POWER SWING BLOCK SUPERVISION, 201A, as shown in Figure 25.
OSB
9.15 Communications
The Out-of-step blocking (OSB) logic in MDAR (REL-
300) is a dual blinder scheme. It contains two blinder Refer to chapter XI for detail.
units, providing 4 blinder lines. The nature of the logic
shown in Figure 25 is that the outer blinder 21BO 9.16 Fault Records and Intermediate Targets
must operate 50 ms or more ahead of the inner
blinder 21BI, in order for an OS condition to be identi- Sixteen records and targets are stored. Refer to
fied. chapter XI for detail.
9-6
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 10. OPERATION OF MDAR (REL-300) VERSION 2.60

PILOT AND OPTIONAL FUNCTIONS
10.1 PILOT SCHEMES (c) Transmitter frequency should be different at

each terminal. The channel is normally oper-
If the MDAR (REL-300) with pilot optional function
ated on a guard frequency, and
and its functional display “STYP” is not selected to
“3ZNP” or “Z1E”, it will perform one of the other three (d) the channel frequency will be shifted from
pilot schemes shown below, depending on the set- guard to trip when the pilot relay(s) is operated,
ting. and
For activate the pilot logic, an external rated voltage (e) pilot trip is performed when the pilot relay(s)
should be connected to the “Pilot Enable” terminals operates and a pilot trip frequency signal from
(Figure 6, TB5/9 and TB5/10), and the setting of PLT the remote end is received.
should be set to YES.
The basic operating principles of a simplified
Whether the pilot system is in-service or not, the 3- unblocking system are the same as the POTT sys-
zone non-pilot function of the assembly is at a sup- tem, except it is slightly different in application.
porting backup mode.
(a) The pilot channel is a frequent shift type power
STYP line carrier. The transmitter frequency must be
Setting Scheme different at each terminal. It is normally oper-
ated on a blocking frequency and will be shifted
3ZNP Non-pilot 3-Zone distance
to an unblocking frequency when the pilot
Z1E Zone-1 extension
relay(s) operates, and
POTT Permissive overreach transfer
trip/unblocking (b) The carrier receiver should provide a logic
PUTT Permissive underreach transfer trip which in the event of loss-of-channel or low
BLK Blocking SNR ratio, the pilot trip circuit is automatically
10.1.1 Permissive overreach transfer trip/simpli- locked out after a short time delay. Pilot trip is
fied unblocking provided, however, if the tripping distance
relay(s) operates during this short time period
If the functional display “STYP” is selected to POTT, between loss-of-channel and pilot trip lockout.
the MDAR (REL-300) will perform either the POTT (W) type TCF-10B receiver provides this logic.
scheme or the Simplified Unblocking scheme, It provides 150 ms trip window, then automati-
depending on the applied pilot channel. cally locks out after loss-of-channel.
The following IMPORTANT settings are recom- (c) The function of “indication for low signal and
mended for POTT and Unblocking system: loss-of-channel” condition will not be provided
on the MDAR (REL-300) simplified unblocking
OSC = Z2Z3
scheme. It would normally be incorporated in
FDAT = TRIP
the power line carrier equipment.
PLT = YES
STYP = POTT The operating principle of the pilot distance measure-
FDGT > 3 cycles ment units, PLTP/PLTG are the same as the non-pilot
RBSW (blank) zone distance measurement units, and are super-
Z3FR = REV (must)
vised by the same LOPB, OSB, FDOP, FDOG and
The basic operating principles of a POTT system are: Iom units as shown in Figure 26.
(a) The pilot relays, PLTP/PLTG, are set to over- For more dependability on high Rf faults, the pilot
reach the next bus.
ground PLTG trip logic is supplemented with the
(b) The pilot channel is a frequency shift type FDOG and IOM units, as shown in Figure 26. The
device. Its signal may be through either metallic FDOG directional unit is determined by the setting of
wire or microwave. DIRU to ZSEQ, NSEQ OR DUAL. The delay timer
10-1
I.L. 40-385.5
FDGT has a range of 0 to 15 cycles, in 1 cycle steps. POTT scheme (or from a blocking to an
It can be blocked by setting the FDGT to BLK. unblocking for Unblocking scheme), to
allow the remote pilot relay system to
The pilot distance unit PLTG is always active and has trip.
the priority for tripping, therefore, practically, the
FDGT timer should be set to 3 cycles or longer for For security reasons, the keying circuit is
security reason. disabled by the time delay trip signal
TDT (includes Z2T, Z3T, CIFT AND GB),
The pilot phase and/or pilot ground function(s) can which is not shown in Figure 28.
be disabled by selecting the PLTP and/or PLTG to
OUT. (note, the FDOG pilot trip function will also be (2) Breaker open key logic — Echo keying
disabled when PLTG set to OUT). (Figure 28)
POTT and simplified unblocking system includes the Since the POTT and the simplified
following three portions: unblocking system require the receiving
of a permissive signal from the remote
(a) Tripping logic (Figure 27) end for pilot trip, provision should be
made for covering the condition when
(1) For a forward external fault, the local pilot
the remote breaker is opened.
PLTP and/or PLTG sees the fault, oper-
ates and keys. MDAR (REL-300) version 2.10 uses
echo key approach (note, some older
The output from OR-40 will satisfy the
version use 52b key approach) for
first input to the AND-30. Now, assuming
breaker open key condition. When the
that TBM logic does not operate and PLT
remote breaker is opened, the remote
pilot enable is set, three out of four
breaker echo key logic will echo the sig-
inputs of AND-30 are satisfied, but pilot
nal back to the local terminal for permis-
trip should not occur since the remote
sive tripping. The echo key logic AND-
transmitter still sends a guard (or block-
34B, in Figure 28, will be satisfied if the
ing) frequency signal.
52b contact is closed (breaker open),
(2) For an internal fault, the pilot relays at and neither forward pilot relay (OR-40)
both ends, PLTP and/or PLTG, see the nor reverse looking relay (for reverse
internal fault and operate. Together with block) has output, and there is output
received trip (or unblocking) frequency from AND-44.
signal CR via AND-44 in Figure 28, sat-
The echo key logic will operate the OR-
isfy AND-30 in Figure 27. Pilot trip signal
18 and send carrier for 150 ms. The 8/0
PT will be applied to OR-2 from AND-30.
ms delay between AND-44 and AND-
High speed pilot trip, HST, would be
34B is required for overriding any noise
obtained. Targets of pilot phase trip,
from the channel.
PLTP, and/or pilot ground trip, PLTG, will
be turned on after the breaker trips. (3) Signal Continuation Logic (Figure 28)
(b) Carrier Keying Logic (Figure 28) This logic includes the signal of TRSL, 0/
(1) Forward fault keying 150 ms timer, AND-34A, OR-18 and
AND-35. The 0/150 ms signal continua-
For a forward internal or external fault, tion time is required to keep the local
the local pilot relay(s), PLTP and/or transmitter at the trip frequency (or
PLTG, sees the fault, picks up, and oper- unblocking) for 150 ms immediately after
ates OR-40, AND-45, OR-18 and AND- the local breaker trip signal TRSL is
35 if PLT pilot enable is set, and if func- present. This is required for sequential
tional display “STYP” is selected to trip. This logic will be disabled by the
POTT. The output signal from AND-35 time delay trip signal TDT via 0/300 ms
will operate the reed relay SEND, key the timer and AND-34A, i.e. the signal
local transmitter and shift the transmit- continuation logic will not be performed
ting frequency from a guard to a trip for on any time delay trip operation. Also,
10-2
I.L. 40-385.5
the signal continuation will not be per- forward torque to the ground directional relay. There-
formed if the trip is caused by a CIF fore, for security reason, the setting of “RBSW” on
function (AND-49E and OR-49C). MDAR (REL-300) version 2.10 has been removed
from the logic and the software (some older ver-
(c) Carrier Receiving Logic (Figure 28)
sions need to set RBSW to YES). Once the POTT
This logic includes a contact converter CC and logic system is selected, the transient blocking and
AND-44. Output “trip” (or unblocking) frequency sig- unblocking logic will automatically be activated.
nal from the carrier receiver operates the contact
MDAR (REL-300) POTT scheme uses reverse-
converter and will produce a carrier trip, CR, signal
block approach for the TBM logic, as shown in
from AND-44.
Figure 36. For activating the TBM logic, the zone-
(d) Channel Indicators (not shown in Figure 28) 3 distance units should be set to reverse, i.e. set
Z3FR = REV. The TBM logic, Figure 36, consists of
The memorized SEND indicator will be displayed the reverse setting zone-3 distance units, AND-172,
after breaker trip and frequency shift to trip or AND-9B, OR-9A, AND-45A and the 0/50 ms timer.
unblocking by the transmitter during the fault. The
memorized RCVR indicator will be displayed after the (g) Programmable Reclosing Initiation, (Figure 24)
breaker trips and a carrier trip signal was received The basic programmable RI application is as
from the receiver. described in Chapter IX. However, on pilot systems,
(e) Channel Simulation (not shown in Figure 28) to activate the RI2 on any 3-pole trip, the external
pilot enable switch should be ON, and both the PLT
The test function selection provides the capability to and Z1RI should be set to YES. The operation will
simulate the TK switch function for keying action via occur via the logic AND-89, AND-84 and OR-84A, as
OR-18 and AND-35 without the operation of pilot shown in Figure 24.
relay units, and to simulate the RS switches function
for receiving of a trip or unblocking frequency signal 10.1.2 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip
action without the operation from the remote trans- System (PUTT)
mitter. The basic operating principles of a PUTT system are:
(f) TBM, Transient Block and Unblock Logic (a) The pilot relays, PLTP/PLTG, are set to over-
(Figure 36) reach,
For a loop system or paralleled line applications, (b) The pilot channel is a frequency shift type
power reversal may introduce a problem to the pilot device, and
relay system, especially when a 3-terminal line is (c) The transmitter frequency need not to be differ-
involved, since the distance units may have to be set ent at each terminal. Its signal may be through
greater than 150% of ZL in order to accommodate either metallic wire or microwave.
the infeed effect from the tapped terminal. They may
see the external fault on the parallel line when the (d) Channel is normally operated with a guard fre-
third source is out of service. The transient block and quency. The channel frequency will be shifted
unblock logic, TBM, is for solving this problem. from guard to trip when the Zone-1 reach relay,
Z1P/Z1G, operates, and
Field experiences show that the reverse power may
also be occurred transiently on a single circuit appli- (e) Pilot trip is performed when the pilot relay(s),
PLTP and/or PLTG operates, together with the
cation under unequal-pole external fault clearing con-
receiving of a carrier trip signal from the remote
dition. On an external ground fault, when the
end.
adjacent line breaker trips, it interrupts the faulted
phase as well as the load currents in the unfaulted The PUTT system includes the following logic. The
phases. Dependent on the direction of the load cur- functional display STYP should be selected to PUTT.
rent, and the asymmetry of the breaker, there can be The TBM logic is not required for this scheme
a short pulse of load-derived Io with possible “trip- because the carrier keying units are set for under-
ping direction” polarity, which provides an electrical reach.
10-3
I.L. 40-385.5
(a) Tripping Logic (a) The pilot relays, PLTP/PLTG, are set to over-
reach,
The tripping logic for the PUTT scheme is exactly the
same as for the POTT scheme. (Figures 26, 29) (b) The Zone-3 relays, Z3P/Z3G, should be set in
the reverse direction (Z3FR = REV) to detect
(b) Carrier Keying Logic the reverse external faults and for carrier start.
(1) Forward fault keying (Figure 29) Referring to Figure 30, the MDAR (REL-300)
blocking scheme also uses ∆I, ∆V and RDOG
For a forward end zone fault, the PUTT information to start the carrier. The use of high
scheme will not key unless the internal speed ∆I and ∆V signals for carrier start pro-
fault is within the Zone-1 reach. This vides more security to the scheme.
means that the PUTT scheme keys only
(c) Pilot channel is an ON-OFF type power line
on Zone-1 faults. The keying will occur
carrier. Transmitter frequency at each terminal
via AND-46, OR-18 and AND-35.
can be the same.
(2) Signal continuation (Figure 29) (d) Channel is normally OFF until the carrier start
Same as for POTT scheme. unit(s) senses the fault and starts the transmit-
ter.
Note: For open breaker condition, the echo key-
ing will not work due to lack of the “SEND” (e) Pilot trip is performed when the pilot relay(s)
signal from the remote terminal for an end operates and a carrier blocking signal is not
zone fault. The remote terminal relies on received.
Zone-2 to clear the fault. The operating principle of the pilot distance measure-
ment units, PLTP/PLTG are the same as the non-pilot
(c) Carrier receiving logic (Figure 29)
Similar to POTT scheme. zone distance measurement units, and are super-
vised by the same LOPB, OSB, FDOP, FDOG, IM
(d) Channel indicators and IoM units as shown in Figure 26.
Similar to POTT scheme.
(e) Channel simulation For more dependability on high Rf faults, the pilot
Similar to POTT scheme. ground PLTG trip logic is supplement with the FDOG
and IoM units, as shown in Figure 26. The direction of
(f) TBM
There is no power reversal problem on PUTT the forward directional overcurrent ground unit,
scheme. FDOG, is determined by setting the DIRU to ZSEQ,
NSEQ or DUAL. The delay timer FDGT has a range
(g) Programmable Reclosing Initiation (Figure 24)
of 0 to 15 cycles, in 1.0 cycle steps. It can be blocked
Same as for POTT scheme.
by setting the FDGT to BLK.
10.1.3 Directional Comparison Blocking System
(BLK) The pilot distance unit, PLTG, is always active and
has the priority for tripping, therefore, practically, the
If the functional display “STYP” is selected to BLK,
FDGT timer should be set to 3 cycles or longer for
the MDAR (REL-300) will perform the blocking
security reason.
scheme.
The pilot phase and/or pilot ground function(s) can
The following IMPORTANT settings are recom-
be disabled by selecting the PLTP and/or PLTG to
mended for blocking system:
OUT. (note, the FDOG pilot trip function will also be
OSC = Z2Z3 disabled when PLTG set to OUT).
FDAT = TRIP The BLK system, as shown in Figure 30, includes the
PLT = YES (must) following portions:
STYP = BLK (must) (a) Tripping Logic (Figure 26
FDGT > 3 cycles (1) For a forward internal fault, the local pilot
Z3FR = REV (must) relay(s), PLTP and/or PLTG, sees the
fault. Output signal of OR-40 disables
The basic operating principles of a directional com- and stops the carrier start circuit (note,
parison blocking system, BLK, are: the ∆I and ∆V starts the carrier before
10-4
I.L. 40-385.5
the distance unit picks up) via OR-16, 0/ The signal of 52b to AND-35A is for dis-
150 ms squelch timer, AND-50 and abling the SEND circuit when the
AND-41D to prevent the local transmitter breaker is open and line side potential is
from starting (note, the receiver receives used.
the signal from both local and remote
transmitters). At the same time, output of Since the present keying practice on a
BLK system uses either contact open
OR-40 will satisfies one input of AND-48,
(negative or positive removal keying) or
and also start the channel coordination
contact close (positive keying) approach,
timer (BLKT, range 0 to 98, in 2 ms a form C dry contact output for SEND is
steps). provided in MDAR (REL-300).
After the preset time of the channel coor- (2) Signal continuation and TBM logic
dination timer, logic AND-47 satisfies (Figure 30)
AND-48 if there is no carrier signal
received from either remote or local on On a reverse fault, both the local carrier
start unit(s) and the remote pilot relay
internal faults, and if the local TBM (tran-
see the fault and operate.
sient block circuit) does not set up. Then,
AND-48 output will satisfy AND-52 and The local carrier start unit(s) starts the
will produce pilot trip via OR-2 (Figure carrier and sends blocking signal to
15). Pilot trip targets PLTP/PLTG will be block the remote pilot relay from tripping.
turned on after the breaker tripped. After the fault is cleared by the external
breaker, the remote breaker may have a
(2) For a forward external fault, the local pilot tendency to trip falsely if the carrier start
relay(s), PLTP and/or PLTG, sees the unit resets faster than the pilot trip unit.
fault and operates in the same manner The 0/50 ms timer between the OR-41D
as for the forward internal faults. How- and AND-51 holds the carrier signal on
for 50 ms after the carrier start units
ever, at the remote terminal, the carrier
have been reset for alleviating this prob-
start units ∆I, ∆V, Z3P(R), Z3G(R) or
lem.
RDOG/IOS also see this external fault
and turns on the transmitter via AND-50, This logic also provides TBM (transient
OR-41, AND-51, OR-18 and AND-35, block and unblock) on power reversal.
sending a blocking signal to the local
and remote terminals. The local receiver (3) Internal fault preference and squelch
receives the blocking signal, disables the (Figure 30)
operation of AND-47. Therefore, AND-48
will produce no carrier trip signal for On an internal fault, the ∆I and ∆V sig-
nal(s) also start the transmitter for 65ms.
AND-52.
This operation may block the system
from pilot tripping. The output signal
(b) Carrier Keying Logic from OR-40 to OR-16 and logic OR-16
to AND-120 will provide an internal fault
(1) Reverse fault keying (Figure 30)
preference feature for solving this prob-
For a reverse fault, the ∆I and ∆V as well lem.
as the local reverse looking relay(s)
The squelch 0/150 ms timer is required
Z3P(R)/Z3G(R) or RDOG/IOS, see the
for improving the problem if the local
fault, operates the SEND relay and
breaker tripped faster than the remote
starts the transmitter, sending a blocking breaker on an internal fault. The logic
signal to the other terminals. This keying holds the carrier key circuit in the “stop”
circuit includes logic OR-50A, AND-50, mode for 150 ms after any high speed
AND-173, OR-41, AND-51, OR-18 and tripping, including pilot trip, Zone-1 trip
AND-35. and instantaneous overcurrent trip.
10-5
I.L. 40-385.5
(c) Carrier receiving logic (Figure 30) (a) The Z3P/Z3G distance relays should be set for
reverse looking, and
Carrier signal from the receiver output will be
directly applied to AND-47 to disable the pilot (b) the undervoltage units, VAL, VBL, VCL should
tripping function. be used.
The basic operating principle of the weakfeed trip

(d) Channel indication (not shown in
Figure 30) logic for the POTT and simplified unblocking scheme
is as follows:
Since the carrier channel turns on for external
(A) Echo key for trip permission (Figure 33)
faults only, the channel indicators, SEND and
RCVR, are not memorized. On internal faults, the strong source end sends the
trip (or unblocking) frequency signal to the weak end,
(e) Channel simulation (not shown in
and its pilot trip relay(s) will trip, once it receives an
Figure 30)
echo trip permission from the weak end. The pilot trip
The test function provides the capability to sim- relay(s) at the weak end cannot pick up due to not
ulate the TK switch function for keying action enough internal fault energy, and does not perform
via OR-18 and AND-35 without the operation of the normal keying function.
the pilot relay units, and to simulate the RS
switch function for receiving of a blocking signal (3) With one weakfeed condition, when the
without the operation from the remote transmit- weak end receives trip or unblocking sig-
ter. nal, the output from the receiver oper-
ates the echo key logic AND-65,
(f) Programmable Reclosing Initiation providing both the pilot relay (from OR-
(Figure 24) 40) and the reverse looking relay (from
OR-41A) do not pick up, and if system
Same as for POTT scheme. disturbance is detected (VV or VI). Out-
put of AND-65 will key the weak terminal
10.2 WEAKFEED TRIP APPLICATION transmitter to the trip or unblocking fre-
quency via OR-18 and AND-35.
10.2.1 The logic for a weakfeed terminal is not
required for the BLK system. The BLK system (4) On a weak end reverse external fault, the
requires no permissive trip signal from the remote strong source end sends the trip (or
end, even though the remote end is a weakfeed ter- unblocking) frequency signal to the weak
minal. The strong end has no problem for tripping an end, and its pilot trip relay(s) is waiting
internal fault. The weak end is usually assumed for the receiving of the echo trip permis-
either as a “no feed” source, for which it does not sion from the weak end. However, at the
need to trip on an internal fault, or that it can pilot trip weak end the echo key logic AND-65 will
sequentially. not operate, because the reverse looking
relay operation sends no echo signal to
However, the enhanced TBM logic, as described in
the strong end. Both the strong/weak
above paragraph (10.1.3(b)(2)), may overblock an
ends will not trip on this external fault.
internal fault from tripping on weakfeed condition.
The WFEN should be set to YES in order to disable (B) Weak end trip on internal fault (Figure 33)
this enhanced logic.
Output of AND-65 (start echo keying), together with
10.2.2 The logic for a weakfeed terminal is not no output from OR-40 (pilot trip relays) and with out-
required for the PUTT system, because the PUTT put from OR-44 (low voltage condition) will satisfy
system uses an underreaching relay(s) only for pilot AND-66. Weakfeed trip will be performed after 50 ms
trip keying, it is impossible to apply this scheme to via OR-2. The timer delay is for coordination because
protect a system which may have weakfeed condi- the voltage trip units are non-directional.
tion.
(C) Single-pole trip, SPT (Figure 38)
10.2.3 For POTT and unblocking schemes on the
weak source terminal The single-pole-trip function includes the following
10-6
I.L. 40-385.5
features: For SPT mode, the TTYP setting should be selected

to either SPR or SR3R position. The SPT logic pro-
(1) SPT/SRI on first fault. vides the following functions:
(2) 3PT/RB if reclosing on a permanent 10.2.4 Single-pole-trip (SPT) and single-pole-
fault. reclosing initiate (RI1) on ØG faults.
(3) 3PT/RB if second phase(s) fault during Refer to Figure 38, for example, on an AG-fault, the
ØA ground distance ZA and IoM units operate. This
single-phasing.
provides an output signal from OR-2. 3-pole trip
(4) 3PT on a preset time limit (62T) if the (3PT) path of AND-68 is inhibited by the presence of
system fails to reclose. no 3PTN signal to AND-68, since TTYP is set at
either SPR or SR3R (refer to system drawing
(5) Trip/RI mode selection. 2687F04 sheet 1). SPT ØA occurs via AND-69
The functional display TTYP settings, OFF/1PR/2PR/ because the faulted phase selector AG-unit picks up.
3PR/SPR/SR3R provide the following operating Single-pole-reclosing initiate unit RI1 picks up via
mode selections: AND-85 (Figure 24) after the faulted pole trip circuit
has been energized.
TTYP TRIPPING MODE RECLOSING INITIATE
The FDOG path is for the detectionof single phase
OFF 3PT on all faults No reclosing with high resistance to ground fault. for the phase-
1PR 3PT on all faults RI2 on ØG faults only phase-ground fault condition this path may be
2PR 3PT on all faults RI2 on ØG/ØØØ/ØØG faults blocked if the setting of TTYP=SRP or SR3R
3PR 3PT on all faults RI2 on all faults because the phase selector shows a fault type of
SPR SPT on ØG faults, RI1 on ØG faults only,
phase-phase fault and it expects the Z1P or PLTP trip
3PT on others no reclosing on others
SR3R SPT on ØG fault, RI1 on ØG faults, only. (Refer to Figure 38 gate AND 48E.)
3PT on others RI2 on others 10.2.5 Three-pole-trip and reclosing block (RB) on
unsuccessful reclosing.
where RI1/RI2 are separated output contacts for
On an unsuccessful single-pole reclose, the reclose-
external application.
on-fault, ROF signal, will trip 3-pole by the output sig-
The SPT logic as shown in Figure 38 is proposed by nal from AND-75D. ROF is identified by the combined
EPRI/China. Its design is based on the power system information of fault current and pole-disagreement
operation practices and experiences in China. signals, i.e. XA1/IAM, XB1/IBM, XC1/ICM and IoM.
This logic includes AND-75A, AND-75B, AND-75C,
The pole-disagreement circuit does not use 52a/52b OR-75, AND-75D and the 60/0 timer in Figure 38.
contacts. It uses the MDAR (REL-300) trip signals ROF trip will also initiate RB and with CIF target.
TRSLA, TRSLB, TRSLC and the resetting of fault
10.2.6 Three-pole-trip and reclosing block on
phase current signals IA, IB, IC for identifying the
“sound phase fault” (SPF) during single-
pole-disagreement condition.
phasing.
Refer to Figure 38, the pole-disagreement signals Once the SPT has been performed, the pole dis-
XA1, XB1, XC1 will be used for disabling the faulted agreement circuit sets the X2 signal via OR-75F. SPF
phase impedance units, Z1G/Z2G/Z3G /PLTG trips 3-pole by the output signal of S3PT via AND-77
(includes FDOG/IoM), for 1 to 6 seconds in 1.0 sec- (Figure 38) if a sound phase(s) fault occurs during
ond steps (based on the SPTT timer setting) once single-phasing. Reclosing block RB will be initiated
the faulted phase has been tripped. by S3PT signal and via logic OR-61, OR-86A and
AND-86B in Figure 24.
Provision for connecting the external signals XTRIPA,
XTRIPB, XTRIPC for initiating the MDAR (REL-300) 10.2.7 Three-pole-trip and reclosing block when the
pole-disagreement logic if breaker is operated by single phasing limit timer is timed out.
other SPT protection. This logic includes OR-78D, In case of malfunction on the external reclosing
OR-78E, and OR-78F. scheme, three-pole trip and RB will be performed by
10-7
I.L. 40-385.5
the output signal of S3PT after the single-phasing- 10.2.9 Three-pole-trip occurs with or without three-
limit-timer (62T) times out, to prevent overheating on pole-reclosing initiate on all faults if the func-
generator(s). The range of the 62T timer is 300-5000 tional display trip-mode selector “TTYP” is
ms in 50 ms steps. Its setting should be based on the not selected to SPR or SR3R.
generator's (I2)2t capability. 10.3 16 OSCILLOGRAPHIC RECORDS
10.2.8 Three-pole-trip (3PT) with three-pole-reclos-
ing initiate (RI2) on all multi-phase faults.
Refer to Figure 38, for example, on an AB-fault,

P3PT signal from AND-76 will trip 3-pole. Three-
pole-reclosing initiate (RI2) will pick up if the TTYP is
selected to 2PR, 3PR or SR3R.
10-8
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 11. COMMUNICATION, FAULT DATA, INTERMEDIATE TARGET

AND OSCILLOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
11.1 COMMUNICATION ATTACHMENTS the local setting by showing SET = REM (in the
An output is provided which will allow communica- metering mode). Then, the setting cannot be
tions between the MDAR (REL-300) system and changed locally. In this situation, the only way to
external devices for data communications, network- change a setting locally would be to turn the dc
ing and remote setting. Two types of PONI (Product power OFF and
Operated Network Interface) for interfacing are avail- then ON. The computer will allow for a local setting
able depending on the application: change within 15 minutes.
(a) Interfacing by using an RS-232C-PONI allows IMAC, an optional separate unit, stands for INCOM
the MDAR (REL-300) communications to be Multi Access Controller, is a substation based com-
compatible with an IBM-PC. puter which can access the relays on the network,
(b) Interfacing by using a INCOM®1-PONI permits automatically monitor relay status and provide
the MDAR (REL-300) to be addressable and to remote communication through a telephone modem.
share a local area network on a single wire pair It includes a CRT and printer.
basis to make common use of a modem. 11.2 16 FAULT RECORDS AND INTERMEDIATE
The PONI attachment is mounted on the backplate of TARGETS.
the outer chassis and connected to the backplane The MDAR (REL-300) system saves the latest 16
module. It can be accessed from the rear panel. fault records. The latest two fault records can be
accessed either via the front panel or via the commu-
An IBM XT or AT compatible computer, with a special
nication port. The fault records 3 to 16 can only be
software “WRELCOM” provides for obtaining or
accessed via the communication port. On the front
sending the setting information to the MDAR (REL-
panel, the “LAST FAULT” information is of the last
300). It also can be used to monitor or change the
fault, the “PREVIOUS FAULT” information is of the
settings, 16 fault records, 16 intermediate target
previous fault. These displays contain the target
records, oscillographic data and metering informa-
information along with the “frozen” data at the second
tion.
cycle of the fault. When targets are available, the
The MDAR (REL-300) front panel shows two fault LAST FAULT LED flashes. It flashes once per second
events (last and previous), but thru the remote com- if only the LAST FAULT contains targets. It will flash
munication, 16 fault events and 16 record of interme- twice per second if 2 or more fault records are con-
diate target data can be obtained and stored. tained.
For a remote setting, SETR should be set to YES; The activation of fault data storage is controlled by
then the settings can be changed remotely with a the selection of TRIP/Z2TR/Z2Z3 in the FDAT func-
user-defined password. If a user loses his assigned tion, where
password, a new password can be installed by turn-
TRIP — start to store fault data only if trip
ing the MDAR (REL-300) relay's dc power supply
action occurs.
“OFF” and then turn ON. MDAR (REL-300) allows a
change of password within the next 15 minutes, by Z2TR — start to store fault data if Zone-2 unit
using a default PASSWORD. Refer to WRELCOM picks up or any trip action occurs.
manual for detailed information.
Z2Z3 — start to store fault data if Zone-2 or
When in the remote mode, the computer can disable Zone-3 unit picks up or any trip action
occurs.
1. “INCOM” is a registered trademark of the Westinghouse
The fault records are stored in non-volatile memory
Electric Corporation, Inc., which stands for INtegrated
COMmunications. and are retained even if relay is deenergized. These
records can be deleted only by applying a rated volt-
11-1
I.L. 40-385.5
age to the External Reset Terminals (TB5/5 and TB5/ be accessed via the communication port only.
6), or through a remote communication interface. By
pressing the front panel RESET TARGETS pushbut- The oscillographic data taken is controlled by the
ton, the flashing LED will be reset to Metering mode, selection of TRIP/Z2TR/Z2Z3/∆I∆V in the OSC func-
and the fault information will still be retained. tion, where
Each record of the intermediate target data contains TRIP — Data are taken only if trip action
8-cycle information (1-prefault and 7 post-fault), with occurs. The data collection is started
7 analog inputs and 24 digital data (at the sampling from ∆I∆V if the trip occurs within 7
rate of 8 per cycle). cycles.
The intermediate target data is stored in a temporary
Z2TR — The data collection is triggered by
memory and will be lost when relay is deenergized.
Zone-2 pickup or any trip action
The intermediate target data can only be obtained
occurs.
through remote communication. If OSC is included,
the intermediate target data is provided 8 sample per Z2Z3 — The data collection is triggered by
cycle. If OSC is not included, the intermediate target Zone-2 or Zone-3 unit pickup, or any
data is provided one sample per cycle. trip action occurs.
11.3 16 OSCILLOGRAPHIC RECORDS
∆I∆V — The data collection is triggered by any
The oscillographic record has 8 samples per cycle, 1 ∆I, ∆V, Zone-2 or Zone-3 pickup, or
cycle pre-trigger and 7 cycles post-trigger. It includes any trip action occurs.
7 analog and 24 digital intermediate targets (test
points) for each of the 16 oscillographic records. The Note: Setting at ∆I∆V is not recommended
records are stored in a temporary memory and will because a lot of meaningless data will be
be lost when the relay is deenergized. The data can stored, such as breaker switching, etc.
11-2
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 12. UNIQUE FUNCTION OF MDAR (REL-300)

VERSION 2.60 SYSTEMS
12.1 SELECTABLE LOSS-OF-LOAD ACCELER- FDOG trip/key function via OR-9A, AND-45A, AND-
ATED TRIP (LLT). 30 and AND-45. At terminal B, it will receive no car-
The load-loss speedup Zone-2 trip logic senses rier signal for permissive trip. The reverse-block logic
remote 3-pole clearing on all faults except 3∆ to com- also provides the conventional TBM feature to pre-
plement or substitute for the action of the pilot chan- vent false operation on power reversal.
nel, to speed up trip at the slow terminal.
It should be noted that a “block-the-block” logic is
12.2 PILOT GROUND TRIP also included in the circuit as shown in Figure 36.
Pilot Ground Trip is more dependable on high Rf The block-the-block logic is to prevent the reverse-
faults because it is supplemented with FDOG/IoM block logic from overblocking, as a result of the fol-
(refer to Figure 34). Trip delay is controlled by the set- lowing system condition.
ting of the FDGT timer (Forward Directional Overcur-
For example, the breaker is unequal-pole closing on
rent Ground Timer). The range of this timer is 0 to 15
a ØG fault, i.e. pole A, then B, C. Referring to Figure
cycles in 1 cycle steps and with BLK step for dis-
37, if, due to breaker contact asymmetry, the first
abling this trip function if required. The pilot distance
breaker contact to close is the one on the faulted
unit PLTG is always active and has the priority for
phase, the zero sequence (or negative sequence)
tripping, therefore, practically, the FDGT timer should
polarizing voltage will initially have a polarity opposite
be set to 3 cycles or longer for security reason.
to its fault-derived polarity. The reverse-looking
12.3 THE REVERSE-BLOCK FEATURE ground unit could pick up for a short period, issue a
blocking order and maintain it for 50 ms. Conse-
The Reverse-Block feature makes the high speed trip
quently, the correct tripping will be delayed. The
ground unit Z1G more secure on unequal pole clear-
block-the-block logic would prevent this delaying. The
ing on reverse faults, as shown in Figure 36.
reverse-block logic also includes the reverse looking
12.4 PILOT GROUND Z3P/Z3G units as shown in Figure 36.
Pilot ground is more secure on POTT/unblocking
12.5 THE BLOCKING SYSTEM
schemes on some special power system conditions,
such as shown in Figure 35. The Blockin system is more secure by using the
When a ØØG fault is on the paralleled line section, faster ∆I and ∆V information for carrier start.
due to the system condition, fault current flowing in
12.6 SECURITY LOGIC FOR REVERSE FAULT
the protected line would be I1+I2 from A to B, and Io WITH FAULT RESISTANCE.
from B to A.
There is an inordinately high influence of ct lead
The operation of pilot distance relays would include a
resistance for a low voltage MPS test when using the
phase relay at A and a ground relay at B. The result
Motor-Generator set as one of the test sources. It
would be erroneous directional comparison of an
produces virtually a 90° phase shift in the polarizing
external fault as an “internal” one. The POTT and
voltage with respect to the angle between sources,
unblocking scheme will incorrectly trip out the pro-
causing undesired operation. Even though this is an
tected line.
MPS-related phenomenon and would pose no prob-
MDAR (REL-300) pilot ground unit(s), PLTG/FDOG, lem for an actual power system, a forward phase
is supervised by the reverse looking ground unit directional function FDOP is included in the design to
RDOG. The “reverse-block” logic is as shown in Fig- prevent this from occurring. (Refer to Figure 25,
ure 36. At terminal A, the RDOG disables the PLTG/ AND-144C and AND-144D).
12-1
I.L. 40-385.5
The phase directional unit FDOP is based on the 12.7 PROGRAMMABLE RECLOSING INITIATION
angular relationship of a single-phase current and WITH LOGIC FOR RB ON BF SQUELCH.
the corresponding phase-to-phase voltage phasors.
12.8 COMMUNICATION — REFER TO CHAP-
The forward direction is identified if the current pha-
TER XI FOR DETAIL.
sor leads the voltage phasor. The pair of current and
voltage phasors which are compared are IA and VBA 12.9 UNIQUE OSB AND SPT LOGIC TO MEET
(FDOPA), IB and VCB (FDOPB), IC and VAC THE POWER SYSTEM OPERATION PRAC-
(FDOPC). TICES IN CHINA.
12-2
I.L. 40-385.5
Section 13. MDAR (REL-300) SETTING CALCULATIONS

AND SELECTIONS
Assume that the protected line has the following section H, step 10 for calculation and ex-
data: ample. Either Z1P or Z1G can be disabled
independently by setting it to OUT posi-
18.27 miles, line reactance 0.8 ohms/mile, 69 KV, 60 tion if this function is not needed.
cycles. Positive and negative sequence impedances:
(c) Zone-2 distance units settings:
Z1L(Pri) = Z2L(Pri) = 15∠77˚ ohms
Zero sequence impedance: ZoL(pri) = 50∠73˚ ohms. Generally, Zone-2 reach is set to underreach
the shortest adjacent line off the remote bus. A
Current transformer ratio: RC = 1200/5 = 240, practical setting is set for 100% of the pro-
Set MDAR (REL-300) CTR = 240 tected line plus 50% of the shortest adjacent
line off the remote bus. For this example, if the
Voltage transformer ratio: RV = 600/1 = 600, shortest adjacent line primary impedance is 20
Set MDAR (REL-300) VTR = 600 ohms, then the Zone-2 reach setting would be:
Relay secondary ohmic impedances are: Z2P = 6 + (20 x 0.5) x 240/600 = 10 and
Z = ZPri x RC/RV
Z2G = 10
Z1L = Z2L = 15∠77˚x 240/600 = 6∠77˚ ohms
Set MDAR (REL-300) Z2P = Z2G = 10.00
Z0L = 50∠73˚ x 240/600 = 20∠73˚ ohms.
Note: Z2P and Z2G can be set for different val-
13.1 Calculations and settings: ues as the application requires. Either Z2P
(a) The ratio of zero and positive sequence imped- or Z2G can be disabled independently by
ances setting it to OUT position if this function is
not needed.
ZR = Z0L/ Z1L = 20/6 = 3.33,
(d) Zone-3 distance unit settings:
Set MDAR (REL-300) ZR = 3.3,
Generally, Zone-3 reach is set to underreach of
PANG = 77,
the shortest zone-2 reach of the adjacent line
GANG = 73. off the remote bus. A practical setting is set for
100% of the protected line plus 100% of the
then, MDAR (REL-300) will automatically cal- shortest adjacent line off the remote bus. For
culate the zero sequence current compensa- example, if the shortest zone-2 reach off the
tion factor ko by using the value of ZR, PANG remote bus is 25 ohms primary, and infeed
and GANG, i.e. effect may increase its impedance by 30%,
then the Zone-3 reach setting should be:
ko = (Z0L - Z1L)/Z1L = (ZR/PANG-GANG - 1)
Z3P = 6 + (25 x 1.3) x240/600 = 19 and
(b) Zone-1 distance unit settings:
Z3G = 19
A setting of 80% of the line impedance for
Set MDAR (REL-300) Z3P = Z3G = 19.00
Zone-1 reach is recommended, thus the Zone-
1 phase and ground reach should be Note: Z3P and Z3G can be set for different val-
ues as the application requires. Either Z3P
Z1P = 6 x 0.8 = 4.8 and
or Z3G can be disabled independently by
Z1G = 6 x 0.8 = 4.8 setting it to OUT position if this function is
not needed.
Set MDAR (REL-300) Z1P = Z1G = 4.80
(e) Pilot distance unit settings:
Note: Z1P and Z1G can be set for different val-
ues as the application requires. Refer to The pilot zone distance phase and ground
13-1
I.L. 40-385.5
reaches can be set either exactly or nearly (3) The low set ground overcurrent unit is
equal to the Zone-2 phase and ground dis- used for supervising the reverse direc-
tance reach, which depends on the application. tional ground overcurrent unit (RDOG). It
For this example, set it equal to Zone-2 reach, should be set as sensitive as possible. A
i.e., setting of 0.5 amperes is recommended:
PLTP = 10 and PLTG = 10 IOS = 0.5
Set MDAR (REL-300) PLTP = PLTG = 10.00 Set MDAR (REL-300) IOS = 0.5
(4) The medium set ground overcurrent unit is

Note: PLTP and PLTG can be set for different val-
used for supervising the Zone-1, Zone-2,
ues as the application requires. Either
Zone-3 and pilot ground distance units
PLTP or PLTG can be disabled indepen-
(Z1G, Z2G, Z3G, PLTG) and the forward
dently by setting it to OUT position if this
directional ground overcurrent unit
function is not needed.
(FDOG).
(f) Overcurrent unit settings Generally, it is recommended to be set 2X
of the remote terminal IOS setting (if iden-
(1) The low set phase overcurrent unit is used tical CT ratio is at both ends):
for supervising the load-loss-trip and the
CIF functions. It should be set higher than IOM = 2X IOS = 1.0
the line charging current and below the
minimum load current if LLT function is Set MDAR (REL-300) IOM = 1.0
applied, (note, it should be set above the (g) The high set overcurrent phase and ground
maximum tapped load current if applica- units, ITP and ITG, are used for direct trip func-
ble). tion. The general setting criteria for the instan-
taneous direct trip unit is:
These units can be set to higher than the
maximum load current if LLT function is (1) the maximum load or the maximum
not applied. reverse fault current should not be higher
than the maximum forward end Zone fault
Assume that the line charging current is current, and
negligible for this line section, and the min-
imum load current is 2.0 amperes second- (2) the unit should be set higher than 1.15
ary. Then the low set phase overcurrent times the maximum fault on the remote
unit setting should be: bus, where the factor of 1.15 is to allow for
transient overreach. For this example,
IL = 1 assuming that the maximum load or the
maximum reverse fault current is not
Set MDAR (REL-300) IL = 1.0 higher than the maximum forward end
Zone fault current, and the maximum
(2) The medium set phase overcurrent unit is
phase and ground fault currents on the
used for supervising the OSB function and
remote bus are 20 and 24 amperes,
all the phase distance units. This unit
respectively, then the settings of the high
should be set not to limit the zone-3 reach,
set phase (ITP) and the high set ground
but traditionally, its setting should be set
(ITG) should be:
higher than load current.
ITP = 20 x 1.15 = 23
Assume that 4.5 amperes has no effect to and ITG = 24 x 1.15 = 27.6
the zone-3 reach, and the maximum load
current is 4.0 amperes, then the medium Set MDAR (REL-300) ITP = 23.0,
set phase overcurrent unit can be set to: ITG = 27.5
IM = 4.5 Note: Either ITP or ITG can be disabled indepen-

dently by setting it to OUT position if this
Set MDAR (REL-300) IM = 4.5 function is not needed.
13-2
I.L. 40-385.5
(h) OSB blinder settings, RT and RU: based upon the rule of thumb that stable
swings will not involve an angular separation
The requirements for setting the blinder units between generator voltages in excess of 120°.
are:
This would give an approximate maximum of
(1) Inner blinder must be set to accommo-
datemaximum fault resistance for internal Zinner = (ZA+ZL+ZB)/(2x1.73)
3-phase faults.
= 0.288(ZA+ZL+ZB) pri. ohms.
(2) Inner blinder should not operate on severe
stable swings. Zinner = 0.288 (ZA+ZL+ZB)RC/RV sec. ohms. (2)
(3) Outer blinder must have adequate separa-
tion from inner blinder for the fastest out- Where ZB is the max. equivalent source imped-
of-step swing to be acknowledged as an ance at the end of the line away from ZA.
out-of-step condition.
An inner blinder setting between the extreme of
(4) Outer blinder must not operate on load. equations (1) and (2) may be used. This pro-
vides operation for any 3-phase fault with arc
(i) Setting the Inner Blinder (for heavy load restric- resistance, and restraint for any stable swing.
tion): Except in those cases where very fast out-of-
step swings are expected, the larger setting
If the OSB is used to supervise tripping of the
can be used. It will usually be possible to use
3Ø-unit on heavy load current, the inner blind-
the minimum inner blinder setting of 1.5 ohms.
ers 21BI must be set sufficiently far apart to
accommodate the maximum fault arc resis-
Set MDAR (REL-300) RT = 1.50
tance. A reasonable approximation of arc resis-
tance at fault inception is 400 volts per foot. If a
(j) Setting the Outer Blinder (for OSB function):
maximum ratio of “line voltage per spacing” is
10,000 volts/ft. for a high voltage transmission
line, minimum internal 3-phase fault current is For slow out-of-step swings, a reasonably
calculated as: close placement of the outer to the inner
blinder characteristic is possible. The separa-
Imin. = [E / 1.73(ZA+ZL)] tion must, however, be based on the fastest
out-of-step swing expected. A 50 ms interval is
where ZA is max. source impedance, ZL is line inherent in the out-of-step sensing logic, and
impedance and the outer blinder must operate 50ms or more
E is line-to-line voltage. ahead of the inner blinder.
then, Rmax.= 400 x FT. / Imin. Since the rate of change of the ohmic value
= 400x1.73(ZA+ZL) / 10000 manifested to the blinder elements is depen-
= 0.0693(ZA+ZL) dent upon accelerating power and system
WR2, it is impossible to generalize. However,
Adding a 50% margin to cover the inaccuracies based on an inertia constant (H) equal to 3 and
of this expression. the severe assumption of full load rejection, a
machine will experience, assuming a uniform
Rmax. = 0.104(ZA+ZL) primary ohms.
acceleration, an angular change in position of
no more than 20o per cycle on the first half slip
RS = 0.104(ZA+ZL)RC/RV secondary
cycle.
ohms.
Set inner blinder to If the inner blinder were set for (0.104ZT), and
the very severe 20° per cycle swing rate were
RT = RS x COS(90° - PANG) (1) used, the outer blinder should be set for
approximately:
This is the minimum permissible inner blinder
setting, where it is used to provide a restricted Zouter = 0.5 ZT primary ohms
trip area for a distance relay.
Another criteria that may be considered is where ZT = ZA + ZL + ZB.
13-3
I.L. 40-385.5
This is the minimum setting of the outer blinder (3) GCT is the time delay setting of the GB
for a 20° per cycle swing rate. unit. As shown in the relay time-current
performance curves (not included in this
For this example, if Zinner = 0.104 ZT, write-up, please refer to I.L.), There are 63
Zouter = 0.5 ZT, RT = 1.5 setting selection, from 1 to 63 in 1.0 steps.
In general, the time delay setting should
Z outer 0.500 be coordinated with any protective device
--------------- = ------------- = 4.8 downstream of the line section.
Z inner 0.104
(4) GDIR is the setting for directional control
Z outer RU
--------------- = ------- = 4.8 selection. The GB unit will become a
Z inner RT directional torque control overcurrent
ground unit if GDIR is set at YES.
R U = 4.8 × 1.5 = 7.2
(5) The polarizing approach for the directional
Set MDAR (REL-300) RU = 7.20 ground overcurrent unit is controlled by the
(k) Overcurrent ground backup unit GB setting of DIRU. It has 3 selections:
The overcurrent ground backup unit GB pro- ZSEQ — Zero sequence voltage polariza-
vides the following time curves, which are simi- tion only.
lar to the CO and MCO relays, for backing up
the distance ground on high resistance ground DUAL — Both zero sequence voltage and
fault. current polarizations
CO-2 Short time curve NSEQ — Negative sequence voltage and

CO-5 Long time curve current operated.
CO-6 Definite time curve For example, Assuming that the applica-
CO-7 Moderately inverse time curve tion needs DUAL directional control, and a
CO-8 Inverse time curve CO-8 curve is required, the maximum 3Io
CO-9 Very inverse time curve of unbalanced load is 0.2 amperes, the
CO-11 Extremely inverse time curve minimum ground fault current for a fault
two buses away is 10 amperes and 0.7
Four settings, GBCV, GBPU, GCT and GDIR seconds is required for coordination with
need to be determined for applying this unit.
current of 20 times GBPU setting, then the
(1) GBCV is the setting for the selection of the settings of the GB function should be as
time-current curve. In general, the selec- shown below:
tion is based on the application and the
10 / 2 > GBPU > 2 x 0.2
coordination. A selection of “OUT” dis-
ables the ground back up function. In gen- Set GBPU = 0.5
eral, CO-8, CO-9 and CO-11 are normally
be used for line protection, except CO-6 From time-current performance curves, for
may be used for short line application. 0.7 seconds at 20 times of GBPU setting,
GTC should be set to 24. Select CO-8
(2) GBPU is the current level setting. Its range from GBCV. Set GDIR = YES if directional
is 0.5 to 4.0 amperes in 0.5 steps. In gen- control is required.
eral, the current level setting criteria is
Set MDAR (REL-300) DIRU = DUAL
(IFmin /2) > Setting Level > 2 x (Max. resid-
ual load, 3Io) GBCV = CO-8
GBPU = 0.5
where IFmin = Minimum ground fault cur- GCT = 24
rent for a fault two buses away. GDIR = YES
For better sensitivity, GBPU should be set (l) Timer settings:
at 0.5 amp. This would be adequate for
most of the applications. (1) Zone-1 trip delay timer T1 is normally set
13-4
I.L. 40-385.5
to NO, unless it is needed. For example, propagation, interfacing relays, etc.

using MDAR (REL-300) as a non-pilot 3PT
backup with another system operated on For MDAR (REL-300), the fastest 21P/
SPT mode, then set MDAR (REL-300) T1 21NP pickup time = 14 ms the slowest
to YES. carrier start time = 4 ms and suggested
margin time = 2 ms
For example, Set MDAR (REL-300) T1 to
NO For example, the MDAR (REL-300) chan-
nel coordination timer can be deter-
(2) Zone-2 timer T2 setting should be coordi- mined as below for a channel time of 3
nated with the Zone-1 and other high ms.
speed trip units on the adjacent line termi-
nal. Coordination Time Interval, CTI, of 0.3 Tc = (4 + 3 + 2) - 14 = (-)
to 0.5 seconds is recommended. For
i.e., Set MDAR (REL-300) BLKT = 0
example, if T2 of 0.4 seconds is used, then
the phase and ground Zone-2 timers (5) For pilot systems, pilot ground trip is more
should be set as follow: dependable on high Rf faults by applying
the FDOG/IoM/FDGT logic. Trip delay of
Set MDAR (REL-300) T2P = 0.40 and
this supplemented function is controlled by
T2G = 0.40
the FDGT timer setting. The range of this
Note: T2P and T2G are separate timers. They timer is 0 to 15 cycles in 1 cycle steps and
can be set at a different time setting. Also, with BLK step. Recommend to set this
either or both Zone-2 phase and ground timer longer than 3 cycles.
function(s) can be disabled by selecting
Set MDAR (REL-300) FDGT = 3
the Z2P and/or Z2G to OUT; or can be dis-
abled by selecting the T2P and/or T2G to (6) For OSB (out-of-step block), if applied, the
BLK. OSTM timer setting is determined by the
power system operation practice. Its range
(3) Zone-3 timer T3 settings would be similar
is 500 and 1000 ms.
to the above. For example, if T3 of 0.8 sec-
onds is required, then the phase and For example, set MDAR (REL-300)
ground Zone-3 timer should be set as fol- OSTM = 0500 if the poser system
low: requires 500 ms for the logic.
Set MDAR (REL-300) T3P = 0.80 and (7) For single-pole trip application only, the
T3G = 0.80 single phasing limit timer setting, 62T, is
for preventing thermal damage to rotating
Note: T3P and T3G are separate timers. They
machines due to the I2 component during
can be set at a different time setting. Also,
single phasing. Its range is 300 to 5000
either or both Zone-3 phase and ground
ms in 50 ms steps. The setting should be
function(s) can be disabled by selecting
based on the poorest (I2)2t constant of the
the Z3P and/or Z3G to OUT; or can be dis-
machines in service.
abled by selecting the T3P and/or T3G to
BLK. For example, Set MDAR (REL-300)
62T = 1.550, if 3PT is required before
(4) For the blocking system only, the setting of 1.55 seconds and after one pole has
the channel coordination timer, BLKT, is been open and the breaker does not, or
based on the application criteria cannot reclose.
TC > (Slowest remote carrier start time + 13.2 Selections of MDAR (REL-300) settings
channel time + margin) - (the fastest local
21P/21NP pickup time) The following settings are determined by the applica-
tion. They do not require calculation.
where channel time includes the transmit-
ter and receiver times and the times which (1) The OSC setting is for selecting the one of the
occur between these devices, e.g. wave 4 ways, TRIP/Z2TR/Z2Z3/∆I∆V, to initiate the
13-5
I.L. 40-385.5
oscillographic data taken. For this example, Set MDAR (REL-300)

Where: FREQ = 60
TRIP — start data taken only if trip action (4) The current transformer type setting, CTYP,
occurs. provides the flexibility for 5 ampere or 1
ampere rated current transformer selection.
Z2TR — start data taken if Zone-2 units
picks up or any trip action occurs. For example, select and set the CTYP = 5 if a 5
ampere current transformer is used.
Z2Z3 — start data taken if Zone-2 or Zone-3
units picks up, or any trip action For this example, Set MDAR (REL-300)
occurs. CTYP = 5
∆I∆V — start data taken if ∆I, ∆V, Zone-2 or The setting of CTYP affects all the distance
Zone-3 units picks up, or any trip unit and overcurrent unit setting ranges. The
action occurs. ranges will be automatically changed as listed
in Table 1:
Note: Setting at ∆I∆V is not recommended be-
(5) The read primary setting, RP, should be set at
cause a lot of meaningless data will be
YES if all the monitoring ac voltages and cur-
stored, such as breaker switching, etc.
rents are selected to be displayed in primary
For example, Set MDAR (REL-300) OSC = Z2Z3 KV and KA values, respectively.
(2) The FDAT setting is for selecting the one of the For example, Set MDAR (REL-300) RP = NO
3 ways, TRIP/Z2TR/Z2Z3, to initiate the fault (6) The ohms per unit distance of the line reac-
data taken. tance setting, XPUD, is the multiplier for fault
Where: distance display. It has a range of 0.3 to 1.5 in
TRIP — start to store fault data only if trip 0.001 steps. For this example, the line reac-
action occurs. tance is 0.8 ohms/mile, then Set MDAR (REL-
300) XPUD = 0.800
Z2TR — start to store fault data if Zone-2
units picks up or any trip action occurs. The fault distance calculation is as follows:
Z2Z3 — start to store fault data if Zone-2 or
VTR Z S × sin ∠FANG
Zone-3 units picks up or any trip action DM = ------------- × --------------------------------------------
occurs. CTR XPUD
For example, Set MDAR (REL-300) Where Zs is secondary impedance magnitude,
FDAT = Z2Z3 and FANG is fault angle.
(3) The frequency setting, FREQ, should be (7) The setting of DTYP (distance type) has a
selected to match the power system operating selection of MILE and KM. It should be
frequency. For example, select FREQ = 60 if selected to match with the setting of XPUD. For
the power system operating frequency is 60 this example, Select MDAR (REL-300)
hertz. DTYP = MILE.
Table 1:
MDAR (REL-300)
At CTYP = 5 At CTYP = 1
UNITS
Z1P/Z1G/Z2P/Z2G 0.01-50.00, 0.05-250,

Z3P/Z3G/PLTP/PLTG in 0.01 ohms steps in 0.05 ohms steps
ITP/ITG 2.0-150.00, 0.4-30.0,

in 0.5 amp steps in 0.1 amp steps
IL/IM/IOS/IOM 0.5-10.0, 0.1-2.0,

in 0.1 amp steps in 0.02 amp steps
13-6
I.L. 40-385.5
(8) The setting of TTYP is for selecting the reclos- For example, Set MDAR (REL-300)
ing mode on single pole trip applications (if STYP = BLK
applied). It has six selecting positions, OFF, (13) For pilot MDAR (REL-300) only, the WFEN
1PR, 2PR, 3PR, SPR and SR3R. Refer to the (weakfeed enable) setting should be selected
guidances for reclosing mode programming for to YES for the weakfeed terminal if applicable.
the TTYP setting selection.
For example, Set MDAR (REL-300)
For example, Set MDAR (REL-300) WFEN = NO
TTYP = SR3R.
(14) For non-pilot system, depends on the applica-
(9) The settings of Z1RI, Z2RI and Z3RI provide tion, the Zone-3 distance units, Z3P and Z3G,
the selectivity for the Zone-1 RI (reclosing initi- can be selected to reach forward looking or
ation), Zone-2 RI and Zone-3 RI, respectively. reverse looking by setting the Z3FR (Zone-3
On pilot system applications, the Z1RI should forward or reverse) to FWD or REV.
be set to YES if reclosing initiation is required.
On non-pilot system application, set Z1RI, For pilot system, the zone-3 distance units
Z2RI and/or Z3RI to YES if RI is required when should be set to reverse looking for carrier start
the particular distance zone operates. (blocking scheme) or reverse block (POTT
scheme).
Z1RI = YES
Z3FR = REV
Z2RI = NO
(15) The LV-units are used in CIFT. It should nor-
Z3RI = NO
mally be set to 40 volts unless a higher setting
(10) For pilot systems, set BFRB to YES if “RB on is required for more sensitive application.
breaker failure squelch” feature is required.
For example, Set MDAR (REL-300) LV = 40
(16) Based on the power system requirement, the
BFRB = YES
OSB1, OSB2 and/or OSBP can be selected to
(11) The setting of PLT (pilot) combines with the either YES or NO.
external input signal of Pilot Enable (on back-
plane panel) controls the operation of pilot and For example, Set MDAR (REL-300)
OSB1 = YES
reclosing initiation. The absence of either sig-
nal will: OSB2 = YES
(a) disable the pilot system, OSBP = YES

(b) block the 3RI output, and (17) Based on the requirements, set the CIF (close-
(c) allow SRI output on non-pilot system. into-fault) to YES or NO.
The PLT can be set either locally from the front For example, Set MDAR (REL-300) CIF = YES
panel, or remotely via the communication (18) Set the LLT (loss-of-load trip) to YES, FDOG or
channel. For example, Set MDAR (REL-300) NO. Where:
PLT = YES
YES — LLT trip with Z2 supervision.
(12) The STYP (system type) selects the desired
relaying system in application. It has two selec- FDOG — LLT trip with both Z2 and FDOG
tions, 3ZNP (3 zone non-pilot) and Z1E (Zone- supervision.
1 extension) in non-pilot MDAR (REL-300). NO — LLT trip function is not used.
There are five selections, 3ZNP, Z1E, POTT For example, Set MDAR (REL-300)
(permissive overreach transfer trip or Unblock- LLT = FDOG
ing), PUTT (permissive underreach transfer
trip) and BLK (blocking) in pilot MDAR (REL- (19) Set the LOPB to YES if loss-of-potential block
300) version 2.60. It should be selected and set trip function is required.
to the one which is desired. For example, Set MDAR (REL-300)
13-7
I.L. 40-385.5
LOPB = YES For example, Set MDAR (REL-300)

SETR = YES
(20) Set the LOIB to YES if loss-of-current block trip
function is required. (23) Procedure to set the real time clock:
With MDAR (REL-300) at the setting mode,
LOIB = YES
scroll the function field to TIME, and set the
(21) Set the AL2S to YES if trip alarm seal-in is value to YES. Depress function pushbutton
required. RAISE to display YEAR, MNTH (month), DAY,
WDAY (week day), HOUR, and MIN (minute),
and set the corresponding number via the
AL2S = NO
value field. The MDAR (REL-300) clock will
(22) Set the SETR to YES if remote setting is start at the time when the minute value is
required. selected.
13-8
I.L. 40-385.5
Appendix A-1. FULL PERFORMANCE TESTS (V2.6x)
The following kinds and quantities of test equipment 1.1.1 Front Panel Check
are used for the MDAR Acceptance Tests: Step 1. Turn on rated battery voltage. Check the
FREQ setting to match the line frequency and ct
• Voltmeter (1)
type CTYP. Apply a balanced 3-phase voltage
• Ammeter (1) (70 Vac); the Alarm-1 relay should be energized.
• Phase Angle Meter (1) (Terminals TB4-7 and -8 should be zero ohms.)
• Load Bank (2) Step 2. Check “RELAY-IN-SERVICE” LED; it

should be “ON”.
• Variac (3)
• Phase Shifter (1) Step 3. Press “RESET TARGETS” push-button;
the green LED (Volts/Amps/Angle) should be
• Optional Doble or Multi-Amp Test System
“ON”.
NOTE: Before turning on the dc power supply,
check jumper positions on the Intercon- Step 4. Using a dc voltmeter, measure the dc volt-
nect and Microprocessor modules as ages on the front panel display with respect to
shown in Table 4-4. Also, refer to this ta- common (± 5 %).
ble for relay system operation.
Step 5. Press the DISPLAY SELECT pushbutton,
and note that the mode LED cycles thru the five
display modes. Release the pushbutton so that
! WARNING the SETTINGS mode LED is “ON”.
Check jumper #3 on the Microprocessor module Step 6. Refer to Chapter 7, paragraph 7.3 for all
is for the selection of phase sequence rotation possible MDAR SETTINGS, and set the values in
ABC or ACB. Remove Jumper 3 for system ABC accordance with Table A-1. For Negative Se-
rotation for the following test. For V2.6x rotation quence Directional Unit, change DIRU from
ACB is not applicable. ZSEQ to NSEQ. For dual polarizing directional
ground unit, change DIRU to DUAL.
Refer to the NOTE under Table A-1 for 1 amp ct ap-
plication. Step 7. Press the DISPLAY SELECT pushbutton
to obtain the METERING mode (VOLTS/ AMPS/
1. FULL PERFORMANCE TESTS ANGLE).
Full performance tests explore MDAR responses
1.1.2 Angle Current and Voltage Input Check
and characteristics for engineering evaluation. They
are in two parts: Non-Pilot and Pilot Acceptance Step 8. Using Figure A-1, Configuration 1, apply
Tests. three ac voltages of 70 VLN and an ac current of
IA. Adjust phase A current to lag phase A voltage
NOTE: Customers who are familiar with the (VAN) by 75°.
MDAR performance and characteristics
should disregard this section and pro- Step 9. Press FUNCTION RAISE or FUNCTION
ceed directly to Section A-2 “Mainte- LOWER pushbutton. Read input current (IA), in-
nance Tests”. put voltage (VAG), and angle (ANG). All values
1.1 Non-Pilot Performance Tests within 5%.
To prepare the MDAR relay assembly for Non-Pilot NOTE: Be sure that the RP setting is “NO”. If the
Acceptance Tests, connect the MDAR per Figure A- RP setting is “YES”, the readings will be
1, Configuration 1. the primary side values (KV and KA).
A-1
I.L. 40-385.5
The angle measurement is for reference • Fault Voltages (VA, VB, VC, 3V0) and Currents
only. For I<0.5A, the display of angle will (IA, IB, IC, 3I0)
be blocked and show zero degrees.
With the external jumper connected between TB1-13
1.1.3 Zone 1 Test/Single-Phase-To-Ground and TB1-14, the BFIA-1, BFIA-2 should be closed.
Step 10. Using Figure A-1, Configuration 1, The GS contact will be ON for approximately 50 ms.
adjust: when the fault is applied. Alarm 2 relay will be
picked-up, which can be reset by the RESET button
V1N = 30V after the fault is removed. Change TTYP to 1PR; the
RI2-1 and RI2-2 should be CLOSED. Change TTYP
V2N = 70V to 2PR (or 3PR). Repeat test; RI2-1 and RI2-2
should be closed. Change TTYP to “OFF”. Repeat
V3N = 70V
test. RI2-1, RI2-2 should not be picked-up.
MDAR goes into fault mode processing only after the
current detector is enabled. MDAR performscn the Repeat AG fault and measure the trip time, which
test: should be < 2 cycles. Change the setting of T1 from
0 to 3 (or N). Repeat the test; the trip time should ex-
• Phase current (∆IA, ∆IB, or ∆IC) >1.0A peak and tend for an additional 3 cycles (or N cycles1). Reset
12.5% change T1 to zero.
• Ground current (∆I0)>0.5 A peak
The following formula can be used when PANG ≠
• Voltage ( ∆Van, ∆Vbn, or ∆Vcn ) >7V and 12.5%
GANG:
change with a current change of ∆I>0.5 A
When one of the above is true, MDAR starts fault pro- Vxg = (IX + K0 I0) Zcg
cessing. In order to perform the above, apply a certain
value of current suddenly. If MDAR does not trip, turn K I
or Vxg = I x + -----------
0 x
- Z
the current off, readjust to a higher value, and then 3  cg
suddenly reapply current.
V
xg
The current required to trip can be calculated using the or IX = -----------------------------
-
K
following: Z cg 1 + ------o 
 3
V LN
I = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- where
(Z R – 1)
Z 1G COS ( PANG – X ) 1 + ------------------- - (Z
oL –Z 1L )
3 K0 = ----------------------------
-
Z 1L
From Table A-1:
= Z R ∠( GANG – PANG ) -1
• Z1G = 4.5 Ω
• PANG = 75°
V xg
• ZR = 3.0 IX = --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Zr e j ( GANG – PANG ) – 1
using an X = 75° (lagging) Z cg e jPANG 1 + -----------------------------------------------------------
3
The current required to trip = 4.00A ± 5 % for fault cur-
rent lagging fault voltage by 75°. This is the maximum V xg
or IX = --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
torque angle test. For other points on the MHO circle, 2 1
--- Z cg e jPANG + --- Z cg Z r e jGANG
3 3
change X to a value between 0° and 150°, and calcu-
late the value of I. Example:
See Table 4-3, for a description of the following dis-
Vag = 30 Z1g = 4.5 PANG = 85
played fault data for:
GANG = 40 Zr = 3
• Fault Type (FTYP)
• Targets (BK1, Z1G) 1.N is the number between 0 and 15.
A-2
I.L. 40-385.5
30 a. Using T-connection (with Doble or Multi-Amp

Ia = ------------------------------------------------------------------
2 1
--- ( 4.5 )e + --- ( 4.5 ) ( 3 )e j40
j85 Test Unit; refer to Figure A-3 for external termi-
3 3 nal connection and configuration 1.
30 • VA = 1/2 VF @ 0°
= -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 cos ( 85 )+ j 3 sin (85) + 4.5 cos (40) + j4.5 sin (40)
• VB = 1/2 VF @ 180°
= 4.31 ∠( – 57.76 )
• VC = 3/2 (70) = 105V @ 90° lead
This is the trip current (4.3A) at the maximum torque Using VF = VA-VB = 30V
angle of -57.76° (current lags voltage by 57.76°).
• VA = 15V @ 0°
The following equation should be used for the angle
of x on the MHO circle: • VB = 15V @ 180°
30 The following table is for BC and CA fault tests when

Iax = -----------------------------------------------
6.96 cos ( 57.76 – x ) the T-connection is used:
Step 11. Using Figure A-1, Configurations 2 and 3,
BC CA
repeat (preceding) Step 10 for BG and CG faults.
Note Targets. VAN = 105 ∠90° VAN = 15 ∠180°
VBN = 15 ∠0° VBN = 105 ∠90°
1.1.4 Zone 1 Test/Three-Phase
VCN = 15 ∠180° VCN = 15 ∠0°
Step 12. Using Figure A-2, connect current and IF = 3.33 ∠-75° IF = 3.33 ∠−75°
voltage circuits and apply:
• VAN = 30V ∠0° IA = 6.67 ∠−75° NOTE: Current (IA) required to trip = 3.33A ± 5%,
• VBN = 30V ∠−120° IB = 6.67 ∠−195° with an angle of -75 degrees.
• VCN = 30V ∠120° IC = 6.67 ∠+45°
b. Using Y-connection
Using a value of x = 75° (lagging), the current re-
quired to trip is calculated as follows (Note Targets): NOTE: This test is actually for φφG testing (see
Figure A-3, configuration 1).
V LN
I = -------------------------------------------------- = 6.67 A ± 5%
Z 1P cos ( PANG – X )
VAN = --- VF  ------- ∠0°
1 2
2 3
Since V2.6x uses IA + IB + IC to calculate 3I0, a bal-
anced 3-phase current source is recommended to
VBN = --- VF  ------- ∠– 120°
1 2
be used for this test (3I0 = 0). Figure A-2 gives a con- 2 3
cept of the test. If a Doble or Multi-Amp test set is
used, be sure to synchronize the 3-phase currents.
VCN =  --- × 70 – V AN 2 – --- V F  ∠120°
3 1 2
If possible, use a multi-trace storage scope to verify
2 2 
the waveforms of IA, IB and IC.
In order to plot the MHO circle for different input an- or

gle (X), the setting of RT (and RU, if OSB option is
included) should be at maximum (15 ohms). Refer to VAN = 17.3 ∠0°
OSB test for detailed information. Set TTYP = 3PR.
Repeat test; RI2-1 and RI2-2 should be closed. For VBN = 17.3 ∠– 120°
TTYP = OFF, or 1PR, or 2PR repeat the test. RI2-1
and RI2-2 should be open. VCN = 96.4 ∠120°
1.1.5 Zone 1 Test/Phase-To-Phase For either T or Y connection, using a value of x = 75°

Step 13. Two methods can be used for this test. (lagging), current required to trip:
A-3
I.L. 40-385.5
are 5% for an input current that is 10% above the

VF calculated value.
I = ------------------------------------------------------
-
2Z 1P cos ( PANG – X )
Repeat Step 10. The RI2 contacts 1 and 2
From Table A-1: should be closed, and the RB contacts 1 and 2
should be open. Reset Z2RI to “NO”.
• Z1P = 4.5 Ω
Repeat Step 10 again. The RI2 contacts 1 and 2
• PANG = 75°
should be open and the RB contacts 1 and 2
For Y-connection only, current (IA) required to trip =
should be closed.
3.33A ±5%, with an angle of -45°, because Ian has
already lagged VF (Vab) by 30°. Review all targets. Change the settings of T2G and T2P to BLK.
Zone 2 should not be tripped for any type of fault.
NOTE: The accuracy of the voltage reading in the
metering mode is between 1 and 77 1.1.7 Zone 3 Tests
Vrms. The inaccurate reading on VCN Step 17. Press the DISPLAY SELECT pushbutton
will not affect the results of the test. until the SETTINGS mode LED is displayed.
Change the setting values to:
The reclose contacts (RI2-1 and RI2-2) should be
closed for setting of TTYP = 2PR or 3PR, and should
• Z2P = “OUT” (Zone 2 phase value)
be open for TTYP = OFF or 1PR.
• Z2G = “OUT” (Zone 2 ground distance)
Step 14. Repeat Step 13 for both BC and CA faults. • Z3P = 4.5 Ω (Zone 3 phase value)
Use the following voltages for each fault type:
• T3P = 2.0 sec (Zone 3 phase timer)
BC CA • Z3G = 4.5 Ω (Zone 3 ground value)
• T3G = 2.5 sec (Zone 3 ground timer)
V AN = 96.4 ∠120°V V AN = 17.3 ∠– 120°V
• Z3FR = “FWD” (Zone 3 direction)
V BN = 17.3 ∠0°V V BN = 96.4 ∠120°V • Z3RI = “YES” (RI = Z3T)
• TTYP = “3PR” (Reclosing Mode)
V CN = 17.3 ∠– 120°V V CN = 17.3 ∠0°V
Step 18. Perform preceding steps 10 thru 14 for
F = 3.33 ∠– 45° F = 3.33 ∠– 45° Zone 3 only, using delayed trip times according
to the Zone 3 phase timer (T3P), and the Zone 3
1.1.6 Zone 2 Tests ground timer (T3G). Tolerances for T3P and T3G
are ± 5% for an input current that is 10% above
Step 15. Press the DISPLAY SELECT pushbutton
the calculated value.
until the SETTINGS mode LED is displayed.
Change the setting values to: Repeat Step 10. The RI2 contacts 1 and 2
should be closed, and the RB contacts 1 and 2
• Z1P = “OUT” (Zone 1 phase value)
should be open. Reset Z3RI to “NO”.
• Z1G = “OUT” (Zone 1 ground distance)
• Z2P = 4.5 Ω (Zone 2 phase value) Repeat Step 10 again. The RI2 contacts 1 and 2
should be open and the RB contacts 1 and 2
• T2P = 1.0 sec (Zone 2 phase timer)
should be closed.
• Z2G = 4.5 Ω (Zone 2 ground value)
• T2G = 1.5 sec (Zone 2 ground timer) Step 19. Set Z3FR = REV, then repeat Step 10, ex-
cept apply AG reversed fault (i.e., Ia leads Van by
• Z2RI = “YES” (Zone 2 reclosing)
105°). The relay should trip, at Ia = 4.2A, in 2.5
• TTYP = “3PR” (Reclosing mode)
seconds. Reset Z3FR to “FWD”.
Step 16. Perform Steps 10 thru 14 (above) for
Zone 2 only, using delayed trip times according NOTE: For customers who use a computer to
to the zone 2 phase timer (T2P), and the Zone 2 test the relays, or use their own settings
ground timer (T2G). Tolerances for T2P and T2G for maintenance, refer to the following
A-4
I.L. 40-385.5
example to calculate and determine trip should be 6.0A, 4.5A and 3.0A, respectively.
currents; set the relay as follows:
1.1.8 Instantaneous Overcurrent (High-Set
Z1P = ZIG = 4.5 T1 = 0 Trip)
Z2P = Z2G = 6.0 T2P = T2G = 0.2 Step 20. Using the SETTINGS mode, change the
following settings:
Z3P = Z3G = 9.0 T3P = T3G = 0.3
PANG = GANG = 75ο ZR = 3 ITP = 10A LOPB = “NO”

ITG = 5A Z3G = “OUT”
a. Single-Phase-to-Ground Fault
Use the equation in Step 10, and the following input Z3P = “OUT”
voltages: NOTE: The High-Set ground overcurrent (ITG)
V AN = 45 ∠0° = V LN and phase overcurrent (ITP) are super-
vised by Forward Directional Ground
V BN = 70 ∠– 120° unit (FDOG) and Forward Directional
Phase unit (FDOP), respectively. In or-
V CN = 70 ∠120° der to test the High-Set trip, the 3φ
voltages are necessary as directional
The single-phase trip currents for Zone 1, Zone 2, reference. The ITG and ITP will automat-
and Zone 3 at the maximum torque angle ically become non-directional over-
( I A ∠75° )are 6.0A, 4.5A and 3.0A, respectively. current units if the setting of LOPB is
YES and at least one input voltage is
b. Phase-to-Phase Fault zero volts (e.g., LOPB = YES in the me-
Use the T-connection and the equation in step 13. tering mode).
Apply the following input voltages: Step 21. Using Figure A-1, configuration #1, to
1 connect currents and voltages, apply AG fault as
V AN = 18 ∠0° = --- V F shown in Step 1.1.3. The MDAR should trip at Ia
2
= 5 Amps ± 5 % with a target of ITG-AG. For re-
1
V BN = 18 ∠– 180° = --- V F versed fault, apply 8A reversed fault current (i.e.,
2 Ia leads Van by 135° for Y-connection, or 105° for
V CN = 105 ∠90° T-connection). The relay should not trip.
The single-phase trip currents for Zone 1, Zone 2 Step 22. Using Figure A-3, to connect currents and
and Zone 3 at the maximum torque angle voltages, apply AB fault as shown in Step 1.1.5.
( I AB ∠– 75° ) are 4A, 3A and 2A, respectively. The MDAR should trip at Iab = 10 Amps ±5%,
with a target of ITP - AB. Apply a 15A reversed
c. Three-Phase Fault fault current (i.e., Ia leads Vab by 135° for Y-con-
Use the equation in Step 12 with the following input nection or 105° for T-connection). The relay
voltages: should not trip.
V AN = 27 ∠0° = V LN 1.1.9 Ground Backup (GB) Test

Step 23. Use the SETTINGS mode and change the
V BN = 27 ∠– 120° following settings:
V CN = 27 ∠120° • ITP = “OUT”

• ITG = “OUT”
The three-phase trip currents for Zone 1, Zone 2 and
Zone 3 at the maximum torque angles • GBCV = CO-8
• GBPU = .5
I A ∠– 75°, I B ∠– 195°, I C ∠+45° • GDIR = “NO”
A-5
I.L. 40-385.5
• GTC = 24 +210°. Change the setting of GDIR to “YES”. Ap-

NOTE: The note in Step 20 applies to the GB ply AG fault as shown in preceding Step 10, Fig-
test. The GB can be set to directional ure A-1. The relay should trip at the following
ground overcurrent. For loss-of-poten- angles:
tial condition, GB will be converted to
non-directional, automatically, regard- • +28°
less of the GDIR=YES setting. • -60° (± 88°)
Using Figure A-1, apply A-G fault of 4.1A to MDAR. • -148°
Trip time is determined as follows:
The relay should not trip at the angles of:
4122 GTC
(TMSEC) = 478 + ------------------------ ------------ • +32°
3I 0 – 1.27 24
• +120° (± 88°)
• -152°
3I OF
where3I 0 = ----------------
-
GBPU For a Negative Sequence Directional Unit (DIRU =
NSEQ), the tripping direction of MDAR is: I2
(3IOF is zero sequence fault current.)
leads V2 by a value between +8° and +188°. The
4122 24 relay should trip at the following angles:
(TMSEC) = 478 + ------------------------------ ------
4.1/0.5 -1.27 24
• +3°
TMSEC = 1073 msec • -82° (± 85°)
= 1.073 sec ± 5 % to trip • -167°
For values of 3I0 between 1.0 and 1.5, the following The relay should not trip at the angles of:
equation would apply: • +13°
( 9200 ) GTC • +98° (± 85°)
(TMSEC) = ----------------- × ------------ ( CO – 8 only ) • +183°
3I 0 – 1 24
The following equation can be used to calculate the Step 25. For a dual polarizing ground directional
trip time for all CO curves from CO-2 to CO-11: unit (DIRU = DUAL) test, connect the test circuit
shown in Figure A -4; apply Lp 1.0A∠– 90° to
T(sec) =
terminals 12 (+) and 11(-), and apply a balanced
K GTC 3-phase voltage (70V) to Va, Vb, Vc, and Vn. Ap-
T 0 + -------------------------p- × ------------------ ( for 3I 0 ≥ 1.5
( 3I 0 – C ) 24, 000 ply Ia = 4A to terminals 6(+) and 5(-).
R GTC NOTE: In order to eliminate the voltage polariz-

× ------------------ ( for 1 < 3I 0 < 1.5
T(sec) =------------------ ing effect, make sure the voltages are
I 0 – 1 ) 24, 000
finely balanced so that 3V0 is less than
3I OF 3.0 volt. If it is impossible to obtain
where3I 0 = ----------------
- 3V0 < 3V, set Va = Vb = Vc = 0
GBPU for the following tests.
GBPU = Pickup current setting (0.5 to 4.0A). The relay should trip at the following angles:
GTC = Time curve dial setting (1 to 63).
• -3°
To, K, C, P and R are constants, and are shown in
• -90° ( ± 87°)
Table A-2.
• -177°
Step 24. For a Zero Sequence Directional unit (DI-
RU = ZSEQ), the tripping direction of MDAR is: The relay should not trip at the following angles:
the angle of 3I0 leads 3V0 between +30° and • +3°
A-6
I.L. 40-385.5
• +90°( ±87°) Step 30. Disconnect all current inputs. Connect 3

• +177° balanced voltages of 70 Vac to Van, Vbn, and Vcn.
Using the SETTINGS mode, change the setting:
1.1.10 CIF, IOM, IL and LV Tests LOPB = YES.
Step 26. Set the relay per Table A-1. Change the
NOTE: The “RELAY IN SERVICE” LED will not
following settings: IOM = 3, IL = 2, CIF = YES,
be turned “OFF” for the condition of set-
and connect a rated dc voltage to 52b, between
ting LOPB = Yes, but Zone 1, 2, 3 and pi-
TB5/3 (+) and TB5/4 (-). Apply an AG fault as
lot distance units will be blocked and all
shown in Step 10 (Figure A-1). The relay should
overcurrent units (GB, ITP, and ITG) will
trip at Ia = 2A (IL) with CIF target.
be converted to non-directional opera-
tion.
Step 27. Change IL setting from 2 to 3.5A and re-
peat the test shown in Step 26. The relay should LOPB will be set if the following logic is satisfied:
trip at Ia = 3A (IOM) with CIF target. • one (or more) input voltages (VAN, VBN or
VCN) are detected (as <7 Vrms) without ∆I
Step 28. LV setting test. Set LV = 60 and with IAN =
change, or
4A, apply AG fault as shown in Step 10. The CIF
• a 3Vo (> 7Vrms) is detected with 3Io <Ios
trip should be for VAN <60 Vrms ± 5%. Discon-
• Apply VAN, VBN and VCN rated voltage to
nect the voltage from 52b and reset IOM = IL = 0.5
MDAR. Scroll the LED to metering mode; the
and CIF = NO. display shows LOPB = NO. Reduce VAN to
62 Vrms (e.g., 3V0 = 8V). After approximate-
1.1.11 Loss-of-Potential (LOP) Test ly 0.5 seconds, the display shows LOPB =
Step 29. For Load Loss Trip (LLT), set: YES and the form C failure alarm (AL1) con-
tact is also deenergized.
LLT = Yes
Step 31. Set the relay as follows:
Z2P = Z2G = 4.5 ohms
Z1P = 4.5 GBCV = CO-8
T2P = T2G = 2.99 sec (or BLK)
Z1G = 4.5 GBPU = 0.5
Apply:
ITP = 10 GDIR = YES
Va = 30∠0°
ITG = 5 GTC = 24
Vb = 70∠– 120° Repeat Step 10 (AG Fault) with IAN = 4.5A. While
in the metering mode, be sure that LOPB = YES
Vc = 70∠120°
before the fault current is applied. The relay
Ia = 3.5∠– 75° should be tripped with a target of GB. Apply 5.5A;
the relay should be tripped with a target of ITG.
Ib = 1∠– 120° Repeat the test with a reversed AG Fault; the re-
lay will trip. Reset LOPB = NO; the relay should
Ic = 1∠+120° not trip for the reversed fault. Set LOPB = YES.
Step 32. Apply a balanced three-phase voltage (70
Suddenly increase Ia from 3.5 to 4.5A and then turn
Vrms) and current (3A). Turn off Va; the relay
Ib OFF immediately. The relay should trip with LLT
should not trip. Reset LOPB to NO.
target. The trip is accelerated due to the pickup of
Zone 2 and the setting of LLT = YES. 1.1.12 Loss-Of-Current (LOI) Test
Reset: LLT = NO Step 33. Set LOIB to YES and IOM = 1.0A. Apply a
balanced three-phase voltage (70 Vrms). Con-
Z2P = Z2G = OUT
nect the current inputs per Figure A-1, and apply
T2P = T2G = BLK a single phase current of 1.1A to IA. After approx-
A-7
I.L. 40-385.5
imately 0.10 seconds, the “Relay In Service” LED Step 36. This completes the basic Acceptance
will be turned off, and the GS (AL3) contact Test for the MDAR Non-Pilot system. (See sub-
should be closed. sequent segment for optional Single Pole Trip
and Out-of-Step Block tests.)
Step 34. Increase IA to 1.5A. Depress the DIS-
PLAY SELECT pushbutton and change to the 1.2 PILOT PERFORMANCE TESTS
metering (VOLTS/AMPS/ANGLE) mode. Press To prepare the MDAR relay assembly for Pilot Ac-
FUNCTION RAISE pushbutton until the LOI dis- ceptance Tests, connect the MDAR per Figure A-1,
play is shown. The value should indicate “YES”. Configuration 1.
Suddenly turn OFF VA voltage; the relay should
NOTE: For Power Supply module sub 13 or
not be tripped within 500 ms. It may operate after
higher, three Reed relays are used to re-
500 ms if a delta I is detected by the relay.
place the mercury relays for GS, Carrier
Change the setting of LOIB from YES to NO.
STOP and SEND. Check jumpers JMP1
1.1.13 Output Contact Test (STOP) and JMP2 (SEND) for NO or NC
output contact selection.
Step 35. The purpose of this test is to check the
hardware connections and relay contacts. It is 1.2.1 Front Panel Check
designed for a bench test only. Remove JMP12 Step 1. Repeat steps 1 thru 6 in Non-Pilot Accep-
(spare on the Microprocessor PC Board) and tance Tests.
place it in the JMP5 position. Open the red-han-
dled FT switch (Trip and Breaker Failure Initiate) Step 2. Change the value settings, in Table A-1,
in order to avoid the undesired trip. as follows:
NOTE: The red-handled FT switch (#13) con- • PLT YES • PLTP 6.0
trols the dc supply of BFI, RI2 and the
• Z3FR REV • Z3P 6.0
optional RI1 relays. In order to test these
• ZIP OUT • Z3G 6.0
relays in the system, the external wiring
should be disconnected to avoid undes- • ZIG OUT • T3P BLK
ired reclosing or trip. For relays without • PLTG 6.0 • T3G BLK
FT switches, do not perform the Output
Contact tests using the relay system. NOTE: When the dc voltage is applied to TB5
terminals, check jumper position on In-
Change the LED mode to “TEST” and select the terconnect module for the appropriate
tripping function field and the desired contact in selection.
the value field. Push the ENTER button; the EN-
TER LED should be “ON”. The corresponding re- Connect a rated dc voltage to PLT/ENA terminals
lay should operate when the ENTER button is TB5/9(+) and TB5/10(-).
pressed. The following contacts can be tested: 1.2.2 Blocking (BLK) Scheme
• TRIP Step 3. Change the STYP setting to BLK. Apply a
• BFI rated dc voltage to RCVR #1 terminals TB5/7(+)
• RI1 (optional) and TB5/8(-). Check the metering mode for RX1
• RI2 = YES. Apply an AG fault as shown in Step 10 of
• RB the Non-Pilot Acceptance Test (i.e., Va = 30 volts
• AL1 (with three balanced voltages applied) and Ia = 4 Amps). The trip A contacts should not
• AL2 be closed. The CARRY SEND should be “open”
and the CARRY STOP should be “closed”.
• GS
• SEND Step 4. Remove the dc voltage from RCVR #1
• STOP and apply AG fault. Trip A contacts should be
Remove JMP5 and replace it on JMP12. “closed” and the target should show “PLTG AG”.
A-8
I.L. 40-385.5
Change the LED mode to “TEST” and select the the CARRY SEND contact should be “closed” for
“RS1” function. Push the ENTER button; the EN- POTT setting. Do not test carry STOP for POTT
TER LED should be “ON”. Repeat Step 4 with the and PUTT schemes.
ENTER button depressed. The relay should not
trip. Step 11. Apply a reversed AG fault (Ia leads Va by
Step 5. Apply AG reversed fault (i.e., Ia leads Va 105°). The relay should not trip, and the CARRY
SEND contact should stay “open”.
by 105 degrees). The CARRY SEND contacts
should be “closed” and the CARRY STOP
Step 12. Remove the voltage on RCVR #1. Apply a
contacts should be “open”. (Ia should be > 3A for
forward AG fault as shown in Step 10. The trip
the Zone 3 setting of 6 ohms.) contacts should remain “open” for Ia = 5A.
Step 6. Change the LED mode to TEST and se-
Step 13. Change the LED mode to TEST and se-
lect the function “TK”. Push the ENTER button;
lect the function “RS1”. Push the ENTER button;
the ENTER LED should be “ON” and the CARRY
the ENTER LED should be “ON”. Repeat Step 12
SEND contacts should be closed.
with the ENTER button depressed. The relay
Step 7. In order to determine setting accuracy (6 should trip.
ohms), the forward directional ground unit must
Step 14. Repeat steps 8 and 9 for FDGT and BFRB
be disabled. Set FDGT = BLK. Repeat preceding
tests, by using Step 10 with Ia = 1.5 A.
Step 4 of the Pilot Acceptance Test, with a trip in-
put current (Ia) of 3 Amps (± 5%).
1.2.4 Weakfeed Scheme
Step 8. Set the Forward Directional Ground Timer Step 15. This function is for POTT only. In addition
(FDGT) from 0 to 15 cycles. Repeat Step 4 with to the setting changes in Step 2, change the fol-
Ia = 1.5 A. The relay should be tripped after the lowing settings:
delay time of FDGT.
• STYP POTT
NOTE: The FDOG trip is determined by the IOM • WFEN YES
setting. It trips if 3I0 >IOM and the forward • Z3G 4.5
ground directional unit picks up. • Z3P 4.5
Step 9. In order to perform the Breaker Failure • Z3FR REV
Reclose Block Test, change the setting of FDGT
= 0 and BFRB = NO. Repeat test Step 4; RB con- Apply a rated voltage to PLT/ENA terminals TB5/
tacts (TB3/1 and TB3/2) should not close. 9(+) and TB5/10(-), also RCVR #1 terminals TB5/
Change BFRB to YES and repeat the test. The 7(+) and TB5/8(-).
RB contacts should be closed with a time delay With Van = Vbn = Vcn = 70 Vrms applied (as
between 150 ms and 200 ms. shown in Figure A-1), the relay should operate
normally.
1.2.3 PUTT or POTT Schemes
Step 10. Change the setting to STYP = PUTT (for NOTE: Do not apply fault current.
underreach scheme) or STYP = POTT (for over- Turn Van “OFF”; the relay should trip with a target
reach scheme). In order to determine setting ac-
of WFT, and the Carrier Send contact (TB4-1 and
curacy (6 ohms), the forward directional ground
TB4-2) should close momentarily.
unit must be disabled. Set FDGT = BLK. Apply a
rated voltage to RCVR #1 terminals TB5/7(+) and Reduce Van from 70 Vrms to 69Vrms and apply
TB5/8(-), and apply an AG fault as shown in Step a reverse AG fault current of 5A (i.e., Ia leads Van
10 of the Non-Pilot Acceptance Test. The trip by 105 degrees). Turn Van “OFF”; the relay
contact A should be closed at the input Ia = 3A should not trip, and the Carrier Send contact
(± 5%); the target should show “PLTG AG”, and (TB4-1 and TB4-2) should stay open.
A-9
I.L. 40-385.5
Step 16. This completes the basic Acceptance (c) Repeat (a) but for XTRIPC terminals and CG
Test for the MDAR Pilot System. (See subse- fault.
quent segments for optional Single Pole Trip
1.3.3 SPTT Timer Test
test.)
Step 4. Set SPTT = 4. Repeat the test of step 3 (a)
1.3 SINGLE POLE TRIP (OPTION) with voltage applied to XTRIPA. The relay should
ACCEPTANCE TESTS trip with a target of Z1G-AG in 4 seconds. Reset
SPTT = 1.
Step 1. Set relay per Table A-1. Check the 62T
setting; it should be 5.000. For a Pilot System, 1.4 MDAR WITH OUT-OF-STEP BLOCK
change the setting to PLT = YES, and apply a rat- OPTION
ed dc voltage to Pilot Enable terminals TB5/9(+)
Refer to Figure A-5. The RT setting (21BI) is for the
and TB5/10(-). Also apply a rated voltage to
inner blinder. The RU setting (21BO) is for the outer
RCVR #1 terminals TB5/7(+) and TB5/8(-) if the
blinder. If the setting of OSB1 (for Z1P) or OSB2 (for
STYP = POTT or PUTT; set TTYP = SPR.
Z2P) or OSBP (for PLTP) is “YES”, and the power
swing stays inside the two parallel lines (RT and RU)
Apply AG fault as shown in this Appendix Section
for more than 50 ms, the three-phase fault trip will be
1.1.3, Step 10. The Trip A contacts (2FT-14/1-2
blocked for Zone-1 or Zone-2 or Pilot fault, respec-
and 3-4) should be closed. Repeat BG fault (for
tively, until the timer (OSTM) times out.
Trip B contact closures) and repeat CG-Fault (for
Trip C contact closures). Connect the test circuit as shown in Figure A-2.
1.3.1 Reclose (RI) Trip and Breaker Failure 1.4.1 Condition OSB1 = OSB2 = OSBP = NO
(BFI) Contacts Step 1. Set the relay per Table A-1, except for the
Step 2. Refer to the Non-Pilot Acceptance Test following settings:
for the single-phase-to-ground faults (Steps 10
Z1P = 10
and 11), and to the three-phase fault (Step 12).
The fault current should be 20% greater than the Z1G = 10 T2P = 0.8
calculated values for the tests in these steps. The Z2P = 20 T2G = 0.8
“fault types” applied to the MDAR relay are
shown in Table A-3 (column 2). TTYP settings Z2G = 20 IM = 1.5
are shown in column 1, whereas the results of RI,
(Check: PANG = GANG = 75; RT = RU = 15; OSTM
Trip, and BFI contacts are shown in columns 3, 4,
= 500)
and 5, respectively.
Step 2. Adjust the inputs as follows:
1.3.2 62T Trip
V a = 40 ∠0° I a = I F ∠– 45°
Step 3. XTRIPA, XTRIPB and XTRIPC Termi-
nals. MDAR’s 52a [TB5/1(+) & TB5/2(-)] is used V b = 40 ∠– 120° I b = I F ∠– 165°
as XTRIPA input, SBP [TB5/13(+) & TB5/14(-)] is
V c = 40 ∠120° I c = I F ∠75°
used as XTRIPB and RCVR2 [TB5/11(+) & TB5/
12(-)] is used as XTRIPC. Step 3. Apply current IF of 2.35A ±5% suddenly.
The relay should trip with a display of Z2P = ABC.
(a) Set IM = 5 and SPTT = 6. Apply a rated dc volt-
age to XTRIPA terminals. Apply an AG fault with Step 4. Apply IF of 4.7A ± 5% suddenly. The relay
Ia = 4.5 amps and Va = 30 volts as shown in Ap-
should trip with a display of Z1P = ABC.
pendix Section 1.1.3, step 10. The relay should
trip in 5 seconds with a display of 62T.
NOTE: The trip current (IF) can be obtained from
(b) Repeat (a) but for XTRIPB terminals and BG the equation in test Step 12 (1.1.4 Zone 1
fault. Test/Three-Phase), with the parameters:
A-10
I.L. 40-385.5
VLN = 40 PANG = 75 Ia = 1∠0° Ia = 3.5∠-45° Ia = 6∠-45°

Z1P = 10 (or Z2P = 20) X = 45
Ib = 1∠-120° Ib = 3.5∠-165° Ib = 6∠-165°
1.4.2 Condition OSB1 = OSB2 = OSBP = YES
Ic = 1∠120° Ic = 3.5∠75° Ic = 6∠75°
Change the OSB setting from NO to YES and RT =
4, RU = 8.
T1 = 50 cycles T2 = 4 cycles T3 = 36 cycles
Step 1. Change the LED to metering mode with
the display of OSB = NO. T1, T2 and T3 are the duration time of state #1,
#2 and #3, respectively. Set the timer start at
Step 2. Apply a current IF of 2.7A ± 5% suddenly. state #3. The relay should trip in 500 ms with a
The display should show OSB = YES. This target of Z1P – ABC.
means the input power swing is inside the outer
(b) Change T3 from 36 cycles to 24 cycles. Repeat
blinder (2IBO). Repeat this test for IF = 4A and
the test. The relay should not trip.
4.5A. The display should show OSB = YES be-
cause the power swing is within two blinders (c) Change T2 from 4 cycles to 2 cycles. The relay
(2IBO and 2IBI). should trip in 2 cycles with a target of Z1P –
ABC. Reset T2 = 4 and T3 = 36.
NOTE: The load restriction logic is not included
in this relay. the relay will trip after tim- Step 5. Timer 200/OSTM Test. Change the set-
ers (OSTM + T2P) time out, e.g., 1300 ms. ting of RT from 4 to 7.
Step 3. Apply IF of 5.25A suddenly (5% above the
(a) Set T2 = 10 cycle in State #2. Repeat the test
calculated value). The relay should trip with a dis-
play Z1P = ABC. The trip time should be 4(a). The relay should trip in 2 cycles.
<2 cycles.
(b) Set T2 = 15 in State #2. Repeat the above test.
The relay should trip in 500 ms with a target of
A computer controlled test unit is required
Z1P – ABC.
for the following test from step 4 to step 6
Step 6. OSOT2 Timer (OSTM/0).
Step 4. OS and OSOT1 Timers (50/OSTM and
OSTM/0).
(a) Change the test sequence by deleting the State
(a) Use a computer to set the test sequence as fol- #3 shown in Step 4. Change T2 = 100 cycles,
lows: and RT = 7. Set the timer start at State #2. The
State #1 State #2 State #3 relay should trip in 800 ms (T2P) with a target of
Z2P – ABC.
Va = 70 ∠0° Va = 40∠0° Va = 40 ∠0°
(b) Change RT = 4. Repeat the test. The relay
Vb = 70∠-120° Vb = 40∠-120° Vb = 40∠-120°
should trip in 1300 ms (OSTM + T2P) with a tar-
Vc = 70∠-120° Vc = 40∠-120° Vc = 40∠-120° get of Z2P – ABC.
A-11
I.L. 40-385.5
Appendix A-2. ACCEPTANCE/MAINTENANCE TESTS (V2.6X)
2. MAINTENANCE QUALIFICATION TESTS 2.1.2 Impedance Accuracy Check

Maintenance qualification tests will determine if a Step 5. Apply voltages to MDAR as follows:
particular MDAR unit is working correctly. Refer to
the WARNING note in Section A-1 before ener- VA = 30 ∠0°
gizing the relay. VB = 70 ∠-120°
2.1 Non-Pilot Maintenance Tests VC = 70 ∠120°
It is recommended that either Doble or Multi-Amp
Apply forward fault current IA ∠-75° suddenly.
test equipment should be used for this test. Refer to
Figure A-1 for the input voltage and current terminal The relay should trip for IA = 4A ± 5%. The dis-
connection per configuration 1. Refer to Table A-4 play should show “Z1G AG”.
for all jumper positions. Repeat for B and C phases per the following table:
2.1.1 Front Panel and Metering Check
Phase B Phase C
Step 1. Turn on rated dc voltage. Check the
FREQ setting; it should match the line frequency VA = 70 ∠0° VA = 70 ∠0°
and ct type (CTYP). Apply a balanced 3-phase
VB = 30 ∠-120° VB = 70 ∠-120°
voltage (70 Vac); the Alarm 1 relay should be en-
VC = 70 ∠120° VC = 30 ∠120°
ergized. (Terminal TB4/7 and TB4/8 should be
zero ohms.) The “Relay-in-Service” LED should IB = 4 ∠-195° IC = 4 ∠45°
be “ON”.
2.1.3 Input Opto-Coupler Check
Step 2. Press RESET pushbutton; the green LED Step 6. External Reset
(Volts/Amps/Angle) should be “ON”. Press the Apply an AG fault as shown in Step 5. The LAST
FUNCTION RAISE or FUNCTION LOWER push- FAULT LED should be flashing. Press the front
button. Read the input voltages and their angles: RESET pushbutton. The green LED (Volts/
Amps/Angle) should be “ON”. Press the DIS-
VAG = 70 ∠0°
PLAY SELECT pushbutton and move the LED
VBG = 70 ∠−120°
back to LAST FAULT. The fault information “Z1G
VCG = 70 ∠120°
AG” should be displayed again. Apply a rated dc
with an error of ± 1 volt and ± 2°.
voltage to terminals TB5/5 (+) and TB5/6(-). The
Step 3. Press the DISPLAY SELECT pushbutton, target data should be erased and the display
and note that the mode LED cycles thru the five should show “FTYP”. Remove the external reset
display modes. Release the pushbutton so that voltage.
the SETTINGS mode LED is “ON”. Press the
Step 7. 52b Terminals
RAISE button to scroll thru the FUNCTION
Change the CIF setting from “NO” to “YES”.
FIELD to check the settings per Table A-1.
Apply an AG fault as shown in Step 5, with IA =
Change the setting, if necessary, by depressing
the RAISE button in the VALUE FIELD to the de- 2 ∠−75°. The relay should not trip. Apply a rated
sired value and then pressing the ENTER button. dc voltage to terminals TB5/3 (+) and TB5/4 (-).
Repeat the test. The relay should trip with a tar-
Step 4. Press the RESET pushbutton (LED jumps get of CIF. Remove the 52b voltage and reset
to Metering mode). Apply 3.0 A to IA with an angle CIF to “NO”.
of -75°. Read IA from the front display; it should
2.1.4 Input Transformer (IP) Check
be 3.0 ∠−75° with an error of 5% and ± 2°. Move
the input current from IA to IB or IC terminal. Step 8. Change the settings from Table A-1 as fol-
Read IB or IC to verify the transformer’s accuracy. lows:
A-13
I.L. 40-385.5
ZIP = OUT Remove JMP 5 and place it on JMP12.

ZIG = OUT
DIRU = DUAL 2.2 Pilot Maintenance Test
GBCV = CO-8 Connect the MDAR per Figure A-1, Configuration 1.
GBPU = 0.5
2.2.1 Basic Function Test
GDIR = YES
GTC = 24 Step 1. Repeat Step 1 thru 10 in the Non-Pilot
Maintenance Test (2.1.1 thru 2.1.5).
For a dual polarizing ground directional unit (DI-
RU = DUAL) test, connect the test circuit shown 2.2.2 Input Opto-Coupler Check
in Figure A-4. Apply IP = 1.0A ∠−90° to terminals Step 2. PLT ENA Terminals
12(+) and 11(-), and apply a zero volt to Va, Vb, Change the following settings from Table A-1:
Vc, and Vn. Apply Ia = 4A to terminals 6 (+) and 5
• PLT YES
(-). The relay should trip at the following angles:
• Z1P 0UT
• -3° • Z1G OUT
• -90° (± 87°) • PLTP OUT
• -177° • PLTG 6.0
The relay should not trip at the following angles: • Z3P OUT
• Z3G 6.0
• +3° • T3P BLK
• +90° (± 87°) • T3G BLK
• +177° • Z3FR REV
Change the settings back to Table A-1. a. Block Systems Only

2.1.5 Output Contact Test Change the STYP setting to BLK. Apply a for-
ward fault, as shown in the Non-Pilot Mainte-
Step 10. The purpose of this test is to check the nance Test, step 5. The relay should not trip.
hardware connections and relay contacts. It is
designed for a bench test only. Remove JMP12 Apply a rated dc voltage to PLT ENA terminals
(spare on the Microprocessor PC Board) and TB 5/9(+) and TB 5/10(-). Repeat the test. The
place it in the JMP 5 position. relay should trip.
b. POTT/PUTT Systems Only
Change the LED mode to “TEST” and select the Change the STYP setting to POTT. Change the
tripping function field and the desired contact in LED mode to TEST and select the function
the value field. Push the ENTER button; the “RS1”. Push the ENTER button; the LED should
ENTER LED should be “ON”. The corresponding be “ON”. Apply a forward fault as shown in
relay should operate when the ENTER button is Non-Pilot Maintenance test, Step 5. With the
pressed. The following contacts can be tested: ENTER button depressed, the relay should not
• TRIP trip. Apply a rated dc voltage to terminals TB 5/
• BFI 9(+) and TB 5/10(-). Repeat the test. The relay
• RI1 (optional) should trip.
• RI2 Step 3. Receiver 1
• RB Apply a dc voltage to PLT ENA terminals TB 5/
• AL1 (with 3 balanced voltages) 9(+) and TB5/10(-).
• AL2 a. Block Systems Only
• GS Change the STYP setting to BLK. Apply a for-
• SEND (optional) ward fault as shown in the Non-Pilot Mainte-
• STOP (optional) nance test, Step 5. The relay should trip.
A-14
I.L. 40-385.5
Apply a rated dc voltage to RCVR #1 terminals 2.3.2 Input Opto-Coupler Check

TB 5/7 (+) and TB 5/8(-). Repeat the test. The re-
lay should not trip. NOTE: Before applying any voltages, check the
jumper positions on the Interconnect
b. POTT/PUTT Systems Only module. The JMP7 and JMP9 should be
Change the STYP setting to POTT. Apply a for- “IN” for the XTRIPB application.
ward fault as shown in the Non-Pilot Mainte-
nance test, Step 5. The relay should not trip. Step 3. XTRIPA Terminals.
Apply a rated dc voltage to RCVR #1 terminals
TB 5/7(+) and TB 5/8(-). Repeat the test. The re- (a) Set IM = 5 and SPTT = 6. Apply a rated dc volt-
lay should trip.
age to XTRIPA terminals TB5/1(+) and TB5/2(-).
2.3 Single-Pole Trip Test Apply an AG fault with Ia = 4.5 amps and
Va = 30 volts as shown in the test step 5 of the
2.3.1 Output Contact Test (Phases B and C) Non-Pilot Maintenance Test. The relay should
trip in 5 seconds with a display of 62T.
Step 1. Set relay for Non-Pilot systems (Table A-
1) or for Pilot systems per Section 2.2.2. Check (b) Change the setting of IM from 5 to 2. Repeat the
the 62T setting; it should be 5.000.
test 3(a). The relay should trip in 4 cycles with a
display of CIF.
For a Pilot system, change the PLT setting to
YES, and apply rated dc voltage to Pilot enable Step 4. XTRIPB Terminals.Set IM = 5. Apply a
terminals TB 5/9(+) and TB 5/10(-). Also, apply a rated voltage to XTRIPB terminals TB5/13(+) and
rated voltage to RCVR #1 terminals TB 5/7(+) TB5/14(-). Repeat step 3(a) except apply a BG
and TB 5/8(-) if the STYP = POTT or PUTT; set fault.
TTYP = SPR.
Step 2. Repeat Non-Pilot Maintenance test, step Step 5. XTRIPC Terminals. Repeat step 3(a) ex-
5 for trip and BFI. Check the contact closures for cept apply a voltage to XTRIPC terminals TB5/
Trip A, &BFIA (AG fault), Trip B & BFIB (BG fault) 11(+) and TB5/12(-) and apply a CG fault. Reset
and Trip C & BFIC (CG fault). IM = 1 and SPTT = 1.
A-15
Sub 1
1502B51
I.L. 40-385.5
A-16
Figure A-1 Test Connection for Single-Phase-to-Ground Faults (Sheet 1 of 4)

I.L. 40-385.5
Sub 1
A-17
1502B51
Figure A-2 Test Connection for Three-Phase Faults (Sheet 2 of 4)

I.L. 40-385.5
Sub 1
1502B51
A-18
Figure A-3 Test Connection for Phase-to-Phase Faults (Sheet 3 of 4)

Sub 1
1502B51
I.L. 40-385.5
A-19
Figure A-4 Test Connection for Dual Polarizing Ground Directional Unit (Sheet 4 of 4)
I.L. 40-385.5
jX
22
21
20
Z2 = 20 ∠−75˚
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12 Z = 17.3 ∠ -45˚
11 (I = 2.35 Amps)
10 Z1 = 10 ∠−75˚
9 ZU = 16 ∠-45˚
8 (I = 2.5 Amps)
7
6 Z = 8.7∠-45˚
4 OH (I = 4.7 Amps)
5 MS
4
8 OH ZT = 8.7∠-45˚
3 MS
(I = 5.0 Amps)
2
45˚
1 75˚
R
-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
RT RU
INPUTS: Va = 40 ∠0˚, Vb = 40 ∠-120˚, Vc = 40 ∠120˚

SETTINGS: PANG = 75˚, GANG = 75˚, ZR = 3 Sub 1
9651A71
ABC FAULT WITH FAULT ANGLE OF 45˚
Figure A-5 MDAR with Out-of-Step Block Option
A-20
I.L. 40-385.5
TABLE A-1. PRESENT MDAR SETTINGS (PILOT SYSTEM) — V2.1x
VERS 0 T3P 2.00

OSC TRIP Z3G OUT
FDAT TRIP T3G 2.50
CTR 1000 Z3FR REV
VTR 2000 PANG 75
FREQ 60 GANG 75
CTYP 5 ZR 3.0
RP NO LV 60
XPUD .5 IL .5
DTYP KM IM 1.0
TTYP OFF IOS .5
62T 5.000* IOM 1.0
SPTT 1.000 ITP OUT
Z1RI YES ITG OUT
Z2RI NO OSB1 NO
Z3RI NO OSB2 NO
BFRB NO OSBP NO
PLT NO OSTM 500
STYP 3ZNP RT 15.00
FDGT 3 RU 15.00
WFEN NO DIRU ZSEQ
BLKT 0 GBCV OUT
PLTP OUT GBPU .5
PLTG 6.00 GTC 24
Z1P 4.5 GDIR YES
Z1G 4.5 CIF NO
T1 0 * For Single Pole Trip option only.
LLT NO
Z2P OUT LOPB NO
T2P 1.00 LOIB NO
Z2G OUT AL2S NO
T2G 1.50 SETR YES
Z3P OUT TIME NO
NOTE: This MDAR settings table is for 60 Hz and 5A ct systems. For 1A ct, change PLT, PLG, Z1P,
Z1G, Z2P, Z2G, Z3P, Z3G, RT, RU by multiplying a factor of 5, and all current values men-
tioned in the text should be multiplied by a factor of 0.02.
TABLE A-2. TRIP TIME CONSTANTS FOR CO CURVES
Curve # T0 K C P R
CO2 111.99 735.00 0.675 1 501

CO5 8196.67 13768.94 1.13 1 22705
CO6 784.52 671.01 1.19 1 1475
CO7 524.84 3120.56 0.08 1 2491
CO8 477.84 4122.08 1.27 1 9200
CO9 310.01 2756.06 1.35 1 9342
CO11 110. 17640.00 0.5 2 8875
A-21
I.L. 40-385.5
TABLE A-3. FAULT TYPES APPLIED TO MDAR
SETTING FAULT TYPE OUT CONTACTS

TTYP APPLIED RI TRIP BFI
OFF AG NO A,B,C A,B,C

BG NO A,B,C A,B,C
CG NO A,B,C A,B,C
ABC NO A,B,C A,B,C
1PR AG RI2 A,B,C A,B,C

AB NO A,B,C A,B,C
ABC NO A,B,C A,B,C

AB RI2 A,B,C A,B,C
ABC NO A,B,C A,B,C

BG RI2 A,B,C A,B,C
CG RI2 A,B,C A,B,C
AB RI2 A,B,C A,B,C
ABC RI2 A,B,C A,B,C
SPR AG RI1 A A
BG RI1 B B
CG RI1 C C
ABC NO A,B,C A,B,C
SR3R AG RI1 A A
BG RI1 B B
CG RI1 C C
ABC RI2 A,B,C A,B,C
A-22
I.L. 40-385.5
TABLE A-4. RECOMMENDED JUMPER POSITIONS (V2.6X)
OUTER CHASSIS
An External jumper between FT-Switch 13 and 14 of 2FT-14 should be connected permanently.
(Refer to terminals 2 & 4 of 2 FT-14 on Figure 5.)
INTERCONNECT Module
JMP 1 to 6, & 13 For the rated input dc voltage
JMP 7 & 9 For Single Pole Trip Application (XTRIPB)
JMP 8 & 10 For the trip alarm (AL2-2)
JMP 11 & 12 For MDAR with FT switches only
MICROPROCESSOR Module
JUMPER POSITION FUNCTION
JMP 1 1-2 EEPROM (8kx8)

JMP 2 2-3 Single-pole trip option
JMP 2 1-2 Three pole trip
JMP 3 OUT Standard for Rotation ABC
JMP 4 OUT No dropout time delay for trip contacts
JMP 5 OUT Disable output contact test
JMP 6 OUT Normal operation
JMP 8 & 9 1-2 RAM (32kx8)
JMP 10, 11 & 12 IN/OUT Spare jumpers
POWER SUPPLY Module

JMP1 1-2 Carrier Stop NO
2-3 Carrier Stop NC
JMP2 1-2 Carrier Send NO
2-3 Carrier Send NC
A-23
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 6
9651A07
Figure 3 MDAR (REL-300) Relay Assembly
sub 2
2403F38
Figure 4 MDAR (REL-300) Display Panel
A-25
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 3
1502B21
A-26
Figure 5 MDAR (REL-300) Relay Assembly

A-27
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
1615C70
Figure 6 MDAR (REL-300) Relay Backplane Board Terminals

I.L. 40-385.5
POWER - Initialization Mode =

ON - Self-Checks Background
START
Sample V and I
dc Offset
Correction
Compute V and I
Phasors Using
fourier Algorithm
Mode? Fault
Relaying Calculations
Zone 1 and Pilot Zone
Background
Pilot Logic and

Channel Control
Disturbance Y Mode =
in ∆V or ∆I? Fault
No Fault for Y
N Mode =
3 Cycles?
Background
− Operate Panel Interface
- Hardware Self-Checks
N
Relaying Calculations
- Zone 2
- Zone 3
- Out-of-Step Blinders
- Inst. Overcurrent
- Ground Backup
- Phase Selector
Checks and Logic

- Non-Pilot Trip Logic
- Loss-of-Potential and Loss of Current
- Data Communications
- Contact Inputs
sub 2
9654A12
Figure 7 Overall Flowchart for Microprocessor Software in MDAR (REL-300) Relay

A-28
A-31
I.L. 40-385.5
A
B C 50%
F1
X
S S S
F No Load Current F2
A X B A X B
RY RY RY RY
sub 3
9655A82
Figure 12 Loss-of-Potential Logic

A-33
I.L. 40-385.5
9659A66
sub 1
Figure 15. MDAR (REL-300) Zone-1 Trip Logic

I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9659A67
A-34

A-35
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
1504B04

I.L. 40-385.5
sub 2
9655A84
Figure 18 MDAR (REL-300) Highset Trip Logic
sub 2
9659A68
Figure 19 MDAR (REL-300) Close-into-Fault Trip
A-36
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9658A87
Figure 20 MDAR (REL-300) Unequal-Pole Closing Load Pickup Control
sub 1
9655A81
Figure 21 MDAR (REL-300) Inverse Time Overcurrent Ground Backup Logic
A-37
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9654A16
Figure 22 MDAR (REL-300) Zone-1 Extension Scheme
sub 2
9656A33
Figure Load-Loss Accelerated Trip Logic
A-38
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 2
1504B29
A-40
Figure 25 Load-Loss Accelerated Trip Logic

I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9659A69
Figure 26 Pilot Trip Relay
sub 2
9659A70
Figure 27 POTT/Unblocking, Pilot Trip Logic
A-41
I.L. 40-385.5
* sub 3
1504B30
A-42
Figure 28 Carrier Keying/Receiving Logic in POTT/Unblocking Schemes

I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9659A71
Figure 29 PUTT Scheme
sub 1
1504B31
Figure 30 Blocking System Logic
A-43
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9659A72
Figure 33 Weakfeed Application
* sub 2
9655A86
Figure 34 FDOG Supplements PLTG for High Rg Faults
A-45
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9654A17
Figure 35 Power Reversal
A-46
A-47
I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9659A73
Figure 36 Reverse-Block Logic

I.L. 40-385.5
sub 1
9654A29
A-48
Figure 37 Unequal-Pole Closing on Fault

A-49
I.L. 40-385.5
* sub 4
1504B32
Figure 38 Simplified MDAR Version 2.60 SPT Logic

sub 1
I.L. 40-385.5
1611C12
A-50
Figure 39 MDAR Block Diagram

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ABB Automation, Inc.

Effective: January, 1996

ABB Network Partner

DATE REV. LEVEL PAGES REMOVED PAGES INSERTED

A CHANGE BAR ( ) LOCATED IN THE MARGIN REPRESENTS A

A STAR (*) LOCATED BY THE SUB NUMBER REPRESENTS A

Significant Changes to Version 2.62 (From V2.60)

1. Standard precautions of static voltage discharges should be observed such as using a

2. Remove chips U103 and U104 from the Microprocessor module.

4. Reprogram MDAR password through INCOM remote communication.

5. It is recommended to verify the relay’s operation per Section 2 of Appendix A2 (Acceptance/

IMPORTANT APPLICATION NOTES

2. LOAD LOSS TRIP (LLT)

SINGLE-POLE TRIP APPLICATION

1 MDAR (REL-300) Relay Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-24

List of Figures (continued)

NUMERICAL DISTANCE PROTECTION

ABB Power T&D Company Inc.

DATE REV. LEVEL PAGES REMOVED PAGES INSERTED

A CHANGE BAR ( ) LOCATED IN THE MARGIN REPRESENTS A

A STAR (*) LOCATED BY THE SUB NUMBER REPRESENTS A

Significant Changes to Version 2.62 (From V2.60)

1. Standard precautions of static voltage discharges should be observed such as using a

2. Remove chips U103 and U104 from the Microprocessor module.

4. Reprogram MDAR password through INCOM remote communication.

5. It is recommended to verify the relay’s operation per Section 2 of Appendix A2 (Acceptance/

IMPORTANT APPLICATION NOTES

2. LOAD LOSS TRIP (LLT)

SINGLE-POLE TRIP APPLICATION

1 MDAR (REL-300) Relay Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-24

List of Figures (continued)

Section 1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

1.1 IINTRODUCTION 1.2.2 Single pole trip logic.

Also, MDAR (REL-300)'s continuous self checking 1.5 REFERENCES:

Section 2. FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION

2.1.5 Instantaneous reverse directional overcurrent (m) Continuous self-check function.

2.1.7 Additional/Unique functions: (t) Push-to-close test for output contacts.

(c) 3PT/RB if second phase(s) fault during single-

(d) 3PT on a preset time limit (62T) if the system

(e) Trip/RI mode selection.

Section 3. SYSTEM ASSEMBLY

Relay Function Type Contacts Rating

3.6 MICROPROCESSOR MODULE 3.7 OPERATOR INTERFACE (OR DISPLAY)

Relay Function Type Contacts Rating

K1 Trip B Telephone SPDT 10 A

K2 Trip B Telephone SPDT 10 A

K3 K1 Breaker current monitor Reed Form A 0.5 A

K4 K2 Breaker current monitor Reed Form A 0.5 A

K5 Trip C Telephone SPDT 10 A

K6 Trip C Telephone SPDT 10 A

K7 K5 Breaker current monitor Reed Form A 0.5 A

K8 K6 Breaker current monitor Reed Form A 0.5 A

K9 Breaker failure initiate Telephone DPDT 5A

K10 Breaker failure initiate Telephone DPDT 5A

4.1 EXTERNAL WIRINGS application for version 2.60.

Section 5. DESCRIPTION OF SOFTWARE

Section 6. OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF SENSING UNITS

Z 0L – Z 1L Z oL The ØØ-unit responds to all ØØ and ØØG faults, and

Figure 9 — 3Ø faults Fault Type

(b) Current Polarizing K = Kth. cycle

Blinder Line Polarizing Operating

Left -j (VXG + IXRC∠PANG-90°) IX∠PANG-90°

where VXG = Phase to ground voltage, VAG or VBG.