TECHNICAL INF0RMATI0N on LAMPS. AUXILIARIES.

APPLICATI0NS

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LAMP DIVISION
\^/ESTINGHOUSE ELEGTRIG CORPORATION
BLOOMFIELD, NEvt/ JERSEY
 L
DEVETOPMENT OF THE MERCURY IAMP
At the turn of the century, while experimenting in his loboroiory. Peter Cooper
Hewiit observed floshes of blue light coming from o vo€uum tube thot wos
being exhousted with o mercury pump. He reqsoned lhoi the heot ond the
voltoge thoi were being opplied to the tube were cousing residuol mercury
droplets to voporize ond momentorily io conduct on orc. Confidenl thot the
orc could be mode to operote continuously, he went on to develop the first
procticol mercury lomp.

When this hod been occomplished George Westinghouse leorned of lhe inven-
iion ond reolized ils importonce. He soon mode on qrrongement with lhe
invenlor thol led to the formotion of o compony to produce ihe new mercury
lo m ps.

From this relotively smoll beginning hove come the ef{icen} high output ond
long-lived Wesiinghouse mercury lomps thot ore ovoiloble todoy. During the
intervening yeors, Westinghouse scienlists ond engineers hove mode significont
contributions to the developmeni ond opplicoiion of mercury lomps. They con-
ceived mosl of the lomp types, new bulb shopes, ond interior construction
feotures thot ore used todoy by the entire lomp industry. Among their mosi
outsfdnding qchievemenis ore the mercury fluorescent lomp, STERILAMPTM germi-
cidol lomp, RS Sunlomp, ond the Westinghouse LIFEGUARDTM mercury lqmp.
The following poges contoin informotion thot will help you lo select the Westing-
house mercury lomp thqt will best fulfill your lighting requirements.
 Westinghouse'
mercury Iamps
ovoiloble in o voriety of sizes, shopes, ond colors offer
-
lhese importonl product benefits
-
l. High lr..rminous eff iciency
(3 times the efficiency of incondescent Iomps)

2. Long useful life

{7 to i 2 rimes rhe life of incdndescent lqmps)

3. Compoct size
(os compored to fluorescent ldmps)

ALL THrs ADDs up ro rHE m0st light per dOIIar !

t
Pqge Poge
Appli€stion informdlion 20-27 Lumen oulput 14, 15
Auxiliqry equipment | 2, 13, 16, 17 Mortolity 7
Bdlldsts 12, 13, 16,17 Over-wqtlqEe .. .....24
Blocklighr 27 Performonce.. .. ..6,7,8,9
Brighlness 9 Pholo-.hemi.ol ldmps 27
Burning posilion 6 Power interrupiions 15
Color .. 5 Rodio inierferen.e 19
Color lemperslure I0 Refleclor ond semi-retle.lor lomps .. 20
Conslruction .. 4 Regulor lomps 5, 14, 15
Crest fqclor 18 Relomping ... 8
D-C Operotion 19 Restriking lime .. 8
Des;gnofions 5, 14, 15 Series .ircuils . 17
Eleclromognelic spectrum t0 Shorl-Arc lomps 26
Floodfighting ... 23 Spedrol doio ..I0, I I
Germicidol lomps 26 sforting iime 8,9
Group reldmping 8 Street lighting . 23
High frequency 19 Slroboscopic effe.l 9
Horizontol operolion 6 Sunlomp .26
lndustriql liEhting 20 Temperdlure I
Interior lighling (non-industriol) 25 Types of lomps 5,14,15
Lqmp dqlo 14, 15 Voltose dips .. 16
Life 14, 15 Voltoge, open-.ircuit 12,14, 15,16, l7
Lifeguord lomps 5, 14, 15 Voltoge, supply 12,14,15,16, 17
Low frequency 19 Weolher Ouly lomps 5, 14, 15
Lumen moinlendnce 7

The following ore hqde nqmes of the Westinghouse Electric Corporotion:

COIORTONE . HI-OUTPUT . IIFEGUARD . STERILAMP . WEATHER DUTY . UITRATUME
 Three bosic elemenls of qny electric dischorge lomp ore the SASt
'ITE,CODEO
gos, the electrodes ond the bulb or orc lube. ln ihe mercury-
SUPPSRT & I.iAO
floorescent lomp there is olso the imporianl cooting o{ WIRES
fluorescent phosphor powder on the inside of the outer bulb.
STARTIIIG

a GAS-ln mercuny lcmps lhe "gos" is voporized mercury. RtslsTon

Since mercury ot room temperoture h q liquid, seen os smoll
drops on the inside woll of on unlighted lomp, o small omount STANTINS
of more readily ionized orgon gos is iniroduced fo fdcilitote Eltcrn00E
siorting. The or;g;nol orc is slruck ihrough the ionizotion of this
orgon gos.
l)PHATIIIG
a EIECTRODES - Mosl mercury lomps hove both storting ond E|ECTR00tS
operoling eleckodes. The operoling eleclrodes provide ier-
ninols for the moin orc dischorge of the mercr.rry lomp.
ARC TUBE
They ore generolly mode of tungsren coils conioining some
form of emission rnoieriol. The electrodes used in Lileguord
nrercury lomps hove o trimetollic oxide emission molerisl [{stDt
embedded within the lurns of the iungsten coil, proiecled by pllosPflon
o seporote ouler tungsten coil. Most other types of mercury coATrr{G
lomps use os emiss;on naleriol o minute piece of ihorium meiol
which is embedded under o single coil of tungsren,

Except for o tew speciol rypes like the H9FJ, mercury lomps
hove o seporote sldrtins electrode consi:ting of a very thin
wire odiocent lo one or both operoting electrodes. When the
lomp is first iurned on, the initiol dischorge lokes ploce FIG- ] LAMP CONSTRUCTiON
between the sloding ond odiocent operoting eleclrode.

a ARC IUBE-The heori of the mercury lomp is the qrc tube, which in mosi modern Weninghouse mercury lomps is mode
of qr.rortz. Only the purest Brozilion crystolline quorlz is chosen for ihe tubing monu{aclured in our Foirmont, Wesl
Virginia, quortz fdctory. Heot resisting gloss is used in o few of the older types. The odvontoges of quoriz ore: (l) it
wirhstonds more heor thon sloss, ihus providins hisher vopor pressures ond o hisher e{ficiency in the dischorge, (2) it
permits operotion in ony burnins position, (3) it resulrs in c smoller, brishter source of light ond (4) ii rronsmih more of
the obundant ultroviolet light generoted by ihe arc for octivotion of the phosphor in mercury-fluorescent lomps.

At eoch end of the orc tube corefully inspecied slrips of molybdenum ribbon are seoled inio the quortz lo €orry current
to the electrodes. Thinner thon thsue poper, ihese ribbons ore bonded lo the quortz in o strong sir-tighi seol lhdt is
indestructible under normol opersting conditions.

O OUIER BUIB-Mode o{ high quolity sloss, the outer bulb is designed to oct os follows:
l.Filier out ony unwonted portion of ihe ultroviolet or visible spectrum.
2.Protecl the inner ports from domoge or corrosion.
3. Conserve the heot of lhe orc tube, thereby permitiing ropid worm-up to full light output.
4. Provide o surfoce io hold the phosphor in mercury-fluoresceni lomps ond to hold the reflector
in refleclor'mercury lomps.
The outer bulb of mercury lomps used for most opplications is mode of eirher hord or soft gloss. (See opposite poge
under "Types o{ Mercury Lomps.")

O PHOSPHORS-ln mercuryJluorescent lomps o phosphor is opplied io the inner surfsce of lhe ouler bulb lor the purpose
of improving color or roising lighr ouiput, or boih. The phosphors commonly used for thk purpose sre either germonotes
or orthophosphotes. Westinghouse mercury-fluorescenl lomp phosphors ore colled "ultrolume" becouse lhey ore refined
from selected raw msteriol5, corefully blended ond treoted to giye ihe highest possible light outpul consistent wiih stobility
ond good color quality. ln certoin rypes color is modified ihroush opplicoiion of tinted moterials to the outer bulb.

a SUPPORTS AND LEAD WIRES-The orc tube in Weltinghouse mercury lomps is held in ploce by o sturdy support
frome which is securely welded ot one end ond cushioned wiih shiny monel metol supports ol the olher end. The frome
serves os the electricol conductor for one electrode. Flexible nickel ribbon leod wires complele the eleclricol connections.
All of the metol porls ure spotlessly cleoned prior 10 instollolion in the lomp.

O SIARTING nESISTOR
- Extremely smoll in size, ihe sturdy little resistor virluolly no lighr. Corefully lested to
withstond high iemperotures ond high voltage, it limils the curreni in ihe'nierceprs
stolting glow dischorge to lhe proper volue.

O BASE- Speciol sili€one cement holds the bross bose securely throughoui ihe life of ihe lomp; grips evenly without locol;zed
pressure poinls; withstonds high temperqiure operot;on.. .. Mogul screw bases ore dote-coded for convenient reference.
Symbols representing monih ond yeor oppeor on the bose ond ccn eosily be mqrked lo record dole of instollation.
EXPLANAIION OF THE ORDERING CODE-The Americon Stondords Associotion code for description of mercury lomps is now
desisnations ore olso in€luded in ihis
rhe oflicial ordering designsrion for Wesiinghouse mercury lomps. For convenience former designations
exdmple,lhe
booklet. As on exdmple,
booklel. desiqnation J-Hl'lG is nov H33-r-GL,zC. Here is whoi eoch pori of ihe ASA
the former mercury lomp designation

H 33-r
"H" tells thot lhis;s d Number or numbers denole eleclricol.cho. Two leiieB idenlily phy5icol ldenlifies color. "C" for Slond-
mer.ury lomp. "H" tor ocleristics' lell lype oJ bollost needed. chorocteriliics' hove no in' ord While, "W" for Hi-OulPUt
"hydrorgyr un," ihe Lohps wiih sone nombe6 ore ele.lricqlly lrinsi. meoning. Lomps hov- while, "X" for Deluxe, "Y" tor
Greek word fo. me. interchongeable. (H33-l .lohps con be sub- ing 5ome lelleru ore physi- Yelow. Cieor lddps hove no
sliluted for Hl lonps ond will operole froh co ly inlerchorseoble. lellers here, so lhe sl05h mork
o bollost designed for eilher Hi or H33 (/) i5 olso ofrirled.

PRINCIPAI ADVANTAGE OF ASA CODE: Stondord;zotion. Formerly designorions voried widely onrons monufoclurers;
they con be ideniicol. This benefits users by eliminoting confusion.

The newesr ond mosi imporiont type of Westinghouse mercury lomp is the Lileguord Iomp. Older rypes slill in widesPreod use
ore Weother Duty ond Regulor lomps. Although these ore being reploced by Lifeguord lomps in mony sizes, they ore shown in
this booklet os o moiter of interest ond to offord comporhon.

I.AMP |YPE gPECIAT FEATIJIES PRINCIPAL A9VANTAGES

l. litesuord l. Bert noinroined lighi oulpul. lowe3l oYerol/.o31 of lighl,

(Ouler bulb of hord gloss) 2. Mosl depe.dable ltorting. dependdbility.
3. tongesl useful life.
4. Weother Duty bulb
{see .exr section below)

l. Rerists w6ter splatton rleet ond snovr. Dep€ndobility.

{Out€r bulb of hord sldss) 2. W;ll rol (rqck or crdze due lo industriol futnes.

3, Regulo. L Adequole for nony losks where otnospheric low initio: lomp cosl.
(Outer bulb generolly of soft conditions pernil usoge.
tlimel slost

The types of mercury lcmps listed aboye include mony dif{erent bulb shopes, sizes, ond bulb finishes, qs described in ihe toble
poges l4 ond I5. Amons rhe speciol shopes ond finishes ore reflecior lomps ond semi reflector lomps. The lorler di{fer from
re{iecror lomps in thoi they use an internol phosphor cooting insteod of on inrernol meiollic surfoce os o refleciing medium.
The phosphor ollows roughly one third of the lisht to poss throush ;t wh;le the other two rhirds is directed oui lhroush the bulb foce.

The three importont lypes of mercury lomps nomed obove cre monu{actured in vorious colors, os described below:

Lanp Color 0escription and Application Data

Disi;nctive .o,o'. Cool bul unflotter;ng. Snoll source size Provid€! good oplical <onl.ol.
Recormended tor Etreel, highwoy dnd flood lighting.

Crisp wh;te. Minimom color cone.iion. For ind'J5lriol opplicolions os well oi the obove.

White, good rolor correction. tor generol Iighling o, well os oll oPPlicotions previoosly

8erl color of atl mercury lomps- lnles.dl pinkish bulb tiller mokes tolors nore flottering,
yel preserves .oo! tone. for commerciol lighling os woll os oll opplicorions Pr.viously noled

7V/" Spe.iol /el,ow (olor for wo.ning or dromaiic effe.t. Fo. skeet ond tloodlighling u'e.

(l)former yco led Siver white (r) former y .o led Golden While
 ,,HOW A MERCURY LAMP PRODUCES LICHT"
ln most mercury lomps on ouxiliory storting
t0l{tzt0
electrode ploced close to ihe moin electrode ANGOTGAS
neorest lhe bose mokes it possible io stsrt ihe
lomp ot relotively low voltoge. Here qn elec-
tricol field is tirst esloblished belween the
storting ond odjocent moin elecirode, cousing
qn emission of electrons which develops o
locol glow ond ionizes lhe qrgon slorling gos
{see Fig. 2). The orgon qrc then becomes
estoblished between the moin electrodes. As
lhe mercury groduolly becomes voporized,
the qrc streom chonges from o diffuse bluish TLECTNICAL IllAIIIl)PERATING
glow chorocteristic of the orgon orc to the FITLD IIECTROI]E

bluish green of the mercury, increosing greotly

FIG. 2 IONIZATION
in brillionce ond becoming concenirofed in
vtstBLEA 0
the center of the trrbe. UIIRAVOT IIGNI

Light is produced by the disturbonce of the

dtomic slructure os shown in Fig. 3. A free
electron colliding wilh on otom momentorily
knocks on electron out of orbil. As lhe dis-
ploced eleclron (or ony other free electron)
fills the void in the otomic shell, rodiotion is
given off. lts wovelenglh depends on which
energy zone of orbiting eleclrons hos been FIG. 3 HOW LIGHI IS PRODUCE9 IN THE MERCURY ARC DISCHATGE
disturbed within ihe otomic struclure.
LUMEN OUTPUT
lNlTlAL LUMINS - The initiol lumen output of mercury lomps is bosed on overoge performonce ofler 100 hours
operotion, os discussed under "lumen moinlenonce." Meosuremenis ore generolly token wilh the lomp in verlicol
position, operqted with o reference bollost, os specified by the Americon Siqndqrds Associotion. The 3000 wott H9FJ
is. however, roted {or horizontol operotion. Iurnen output is offected by the burning position ond by the type of
bollost used-
HORIZONTAT BURNING - The lumen oulput of o mercury lomp burning horizontolly is generolly somewhol less lhon
thot of o verticolly opcrqted ldmp. Thc difference in lr-rmen oulpul depends portiy on the fype of lomp ond porily on
the type of ouxiliories used. For inslonce, wilh some bollosts,400 wott Hl or H33 lomps produce obout l0% less
lumens when burned horizoniolly. This drop, however, con be minimized if "compensoled" bollosts qre used {or
horizontol operolion. Such bollosts roise ihe lomp vrotioge which increoses light ootput ond thus portiolly or wholly
compensote for leduced lomp efficiency. Loss of luminous e{ficiency is the principol reoson for lower light outpuf when
lomps ore operoled horizontolly. This is coused by the slightly longer poth the qrc tokes, since it tends lo bow upwords,
ond it is olso coused by the odditionol hest losses occosioned by the proximity of lhe orc io fhe quorlz tube woll. ln the
exomple given obove, wilh o l07o reduclion in lumens for horizontol burning, the bosic loss o{ ef{iciency coniribules
obout 87" ond ihe loss of wqtls obout 27o.
Compensoted bollosts vory in the degree of compensotion. Types ore svqilqble which operote o stondsrd or reference
Hl or H33 lomp burning inlhe horizonfal posiiion otfrom 400 to 410 woiis, opproximotely. While no horm results
io the lomp from such operqtion, it is to be noted thqt ihis leaves less morgin for oddilionol woltoge increoses lhrough
voriotion in olher circuil fociors. Therefore for overoll besi resulls il is rccommended thot bqllosis {or lomps operoting
in horizontol position be designed to produce roled wotis, meosured with the lomp burning horizontolly.
The tqble 1o the righf lisis some of the prin-
Non.comIensated Compensated
cipol types of bqllosts for 400 wqtt mercury TYPE OF BAII.AST
lomps, togefher with in{ormqtion os to over-
LUMENS WATTS LUMENS WATTS
qge relotive lumens ond wolts for horizontql Reactor (high power factor) 9l% 98% 95% 100%
operolion os compored with veriicol opero- High Reactance 90"/" 98% 93% 100%
lion on o reference bqllqsl wilh o reference Regulated 0utput 89.5% 98% 92.5% 100%
lomp. Dqto ore given only for compensotion
)
to 400 wqtts (100%).
Series 89.5% 98% 92.5y. 1000/0

The figures given in the toble obove ore overoge volues bosed on lesi dotq. Doto for series bollosls ore somewhol
limited ond should be considered teniotive. The lumens ond wotts octuolly meqsured will vory considerobly becouse
of the following foctors: (o) ongle o{ rolotion o{ the lomp, (b} lomp monufocturing toleronces, (c) bollost monufoc-
turing toleronces. o
For mercury lomps other thon the 400 woJi Hl or H33 types, the drop in lumens ond wofts will be somewhot more
if the orc length is longer ond less if shorter, but not striclly in porportion becouse the qrc tube diometer is olso o
facfor. Additionql testing is required to estoblish volues for these lomps with oll bollost types.
 TUMEN MAINTENANCE
Du.ins ihe life of o mercury lamp iis lisht ouiput
sroduolly declines, princjpolly becouse of the ee
APPR0XIMATE TUMEN lylAll{TtNANCE

c cope of emissio'r moieriol lifc udins iuns'1en) fronr

ihe eleclrodes onro ihe wolls of the orc tube. Wilh
the o der types of merc!ry lomps, the decline wcrs
porticulorly shorp eorly in life ond for ihoi reoson
100

it is srill customory io roie mercury lomps occording \

io iheir ouipuJ ofter 100 hours' service. Vorious 80
type! of mer.ury lanrps diJ{er ii lumen moinienonce, IFEGUARD LAM
but in senero, Lifesuord lomps compore with o der I
iypes, as shown in Fig.4. Specific mointenonce
volues in termr of "meon lumenl' ore siven ;n the =
j60 \
tobles on poses 1,1 ond 15.
=
b oTrtER TYI rEs
LIFEGUARD mercury omps hove rhe ben moin-
toined lighi output becouse ihe electrodes operoie =
or s relotively cool lemperoiure, res!lring in much fr fitl
less evoporation o{ the meiols ond cxides. ln
oddition, whoiever moteriol deposils on ihe bulb
woll is of o light sroy color rorher rhon block os
in other mercury lomps.
20
Some of the fociors oJfectins lumen moinienonce
besides lomp construction
- - ore lomp operoting
lemperoiure, lomp wotis ond curreni, ond the
woveforms of vorious circuit elemenis. More lesr
ing is needed 1o determ;ne the exieni to which
eoch of ihese is o focior. Lomp operotins posiiion
4 6 810 12 14

hos very liitle e{fecl on rhe moinienonce of West- fi0lJRs BuRt{tD (Tll0tlsA}lts)
inshouse mercury lomps, ond so ihe some c!rves FIG. 1
opply regord ess of b!rning posilion-

"MEAN LUMENS" is o volue representing overoge lighi outpui throushout roied economlc li{e. Roied economic ife vories omons rhe
differeni lamps. Becouse of ihis difference in liJe roiinss, some core musi be token ir comporins meon umens, however, ihe product of
meon lLrmens iimes the oppropriote life spon is on eosily colculaied volue ihot onyone con use io determine lhe reloiive worlh of o

MORTALITY
Lons cverose life is o primory chorocieririic o{ oll Weninghouse mercury lomps. Sifce most pereons ore inlerested in knowing noi on y

o overose life expecroncy bur olso econonric or useful life, ihe lomps ore now roted in two dlffereri vioys, "Economic tife" ond

RAIED ECONOMIC llFE - Roieci economic life is on esrimoie, based on cost of lisht colcu alions, o{ ihe ensth of iime o lomp shou d
be kept in service in lyp;col instol olions. Co culolions ioke inio considerotion not on y lomp morto iiy, bui olso lumen nrointenonce,
power cost, eq!ipmeni ond wiring cosJs, lobor cosrs for replocing ond cleoning lomp:, ond other {ociors; iherefore, irr ociuolity, ihe.e
wjll be q different economic ife for every innolloiion. "Economic Life" is importont io those who ore inierested ln sysremoric relanrpins,
of which group relompins is o form. li is the point ot which the lowen cosi of ight is obloined. Beyond this point ii is generolly
cheoper io throw ihe lomps owoy ofd instol new ones.

RAIED AVERAGE LIFE - is on estimote of the overose lensth of rime thot the lomps c6n be counied upon to conrlnue birrnins, wiihout
resord to lumen mointenqnce or lo cost of lishi. Tesi dotcl ifdicote thot overose omp lile wi I exce€d the fisures siven. The exocr
limiis moy never be known for o certoinly becouse individuol lomps lost so lone.

MORTAIITY CURVES -Two morioliiy curve, ore shown in Fis. 5. Becouse o{ their s!perior consir!ciion/ Lifeguord lomps hove belter
performonce thon orher types. These curves ore presenied merely os o guide to the user. Individuol botches of lomps moy depori consider-
obly from the curves, ond in mony opplicorions even better performonce will be obtoined thon rhoi indiccrted. The curves ore bosed upon
operolion ol five or more hours per stort ond do not opply ro lomps wilh gloss orc tubes such os the H25 ol]d H9 mercury lomps.
Anrons the principal foctors offeciing lomp
moriolity ore lomp woitoge, lomp operor- APPIOXIMATT MORTAI.IiY
i1g r"nDeroiure. bollosl cl-orod" i ri( 100
ond number o{ burnins hours per stori.
The lotter hos very lirtle effect on lomps
contoinj'rs Lifesuord ar ihorium elecirodes,
bui is very importdnt os o consideroiion for
lomps conioining ihe oJd oxide lype of
elecrrodes (H25, H9, eic.). The li{e of mer-
cury lomps is prociicolly uncrffected by
fluciuotions in line volrose. Sieody opero
i;on of eiihe. corsiderable over-wdtioge or
under-wottage will, however, shorien the

li is imporianr to noie thol ihe mercury

lomp mortoTiiy curve does not contd;n o
sudden shorp dip such or is chorocieristic
of {luorescenr ond inconde:cent lomp;. This
is often on odvoniogc, since ii meons ihai
there is no po;ni in t;me ot which ihe
eniire instollotion DUr/ be group relompedr 68
rorher, the mercury lomp instollotion moy SURNIt{G HOURS (THOUSA}IOS)
be sysremoiicolly relomped whenever this
k desired or whenever it is shown 1o be FIG.5
economicol ro do so.
 RETAMPING PRACTICE
Relomping proctice with mercury lomps vories greotly. Some persons visuolly opproke the lighi ollput of the lomps ai regulor
-ond
inrervils reploce only rhe lqmps ihich oppeor to be dim. Some ioke footccndle reodinss ond relomp seciions or enlire oreos ;f
the reodinss ore low. Oriers chonse everv other row ot lomps or fixed inlervol3 such os every 6000,8000, or 10,000 hours, cnd still
orhers choige rhe complere instollotion ot ;imildr iniervols. ln street lishtins opplicstions group relompins often tokes ploce ot 6000-8000
hours, ond-con be extended ro I2,000 hours with LIFEGUARD lomps. Some slreet lighling engineers toke footcondle reodings ot
individuol luminoires, thereby obtoining s relqtive estimots of lhe lomp lumen depreciotion io determine wheiher or not it should be
reploced. Allowonce must be mode for du.t on the luminoires. ln ony event some form of sysiemoiic relomping is necessory {or
soiisfocrory moinienonce of most Iighiing instolldrions- Group relomping is recommended os ihe best ond most economicol plqn.

HOW TO STANT A GROUP RETAMPING PROGRAM

rOR MERCURY TAMPS
Try io determine the best relompins time schedule for your porticulor instoilation. This moy require \/orking oui o cost siudy lo find
rh6 relomping intervol thor will p.oiuce the most ]lsht i"l. dollo' p", yeor. (The lilum;notins Ensineerins Socieiy Lishting Hondbook
cppendix hci o suirdble form for derermining €osr ;f light.) lf cerioin cost figures ore unobJqinoble, such os lobor cost to replsce o
lcirip, estimote the cost and check il loter. ,a.lwoys schedile group relompins 1o so olons wiih luminoire_ cleoning il possible. For rhose
who do not wish to cclculote their costs, group relomping ii recommended ol lhe roled economic life of the lomp.

NE\,v INSTALIAIIONS - Hoving decided when ond how you ore qoing to sroup relomp, in ihe cose of o new instollotion mqrk your
cclendor or record book for ihi proposed dale, beins c6rrain thot you wiil hcve enoush Wesringhouse mercury lcmps on.hond or
thot i;me. While it is sometimes ,nne".t.o.v to ielomp intermediote burnouls, good lighting prociice recommends ihot ihis be done.
Some persons mork these iniermediole repllcement lomps with o scrolch mork on ihe dote-coded bsse or o spoi of point ond then
sove them for spares insleod of ihrowing them away during ihe next group relomping cycle.

OLD INSIAIIATIONS - Group relomp to the exlent thot your budger will permii. lf this is l;mired, use currenl purchoses and siocks
on hond to relomp one oreo. secrior or {loor. Sove the cleorest looking lomps to u\e for spol replocerrenis in lhe remoining oreos,
sections or floors. Use your next ovolloble funds to group relsmp onoiher pari of the installolion.

EFFECT OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND OTHER TACTORS

ON LAMP STARTING AND RESTRIKING TIME
EFFECT OF IEMPERAIURE AND VOTTAGE-When c mercury lomp is cooled beyond rhe ronge of normol room temperolure, it
requires higher voltdge lo stort the orc, os shown in Fig. 6. Noie thor curves ore floilened oi 440 ond 220 volts, depending on lomp
type. At rh-e relotively wcrmer temperorures lomps .oi srort ot lower open circuit voltoses thon specified bul moy not remoin lishted.
The lowest volues in.Fis. 6 providi o smoll morsin of sofery osoin'l volroge dips. Higher volues increose ihe chonces thot the Icmp
will remoin lighted, but o severe voltoge drop or interruption in the power supply will extinguish lhe orc

\,.- a,b
450
FIG,6
Recohnended open'circuil RMS volloge
volles for dependoble srorling of mer- 400
cury lonps ol vorious tenperotures. tines
ot 22O ond 11O voll! represenl vdlues
below which rhere would be lillle pro-
reclion qgoinsl voltoge dips, os lomps S lso
mighl exlinguish. -c
E
o'1000w Hl5 ;3oo :d
h-425W H17 a H4O-17,
700W Hl8 dnd H35-18, =
1000w H36-t5
c-1000W Hl2 - -e
d 1000W fi3,i l2
e'!00W Hl ond H25
250
-\ = c, d, e,l, c,

f'100w H4lexcept H4GS ond

H4Ml,175W H22
s-400W H33.1
h 250w H5
j 250w H37 5, t7,W H39 22
)
30" -20' - lB' 0" +10" +20' +30' +40" +50' +80' +70"
0tcRtts F

EFFEC! OF IUMINAIRE AND BAiLASI ON RESTRIKING TIME-Before rhe lomp will relishl il mus! cool sulficienily to reduce
rhe vopor pressure io o point where the orc will resirike ot the volloge ovoiloble. Higher voilage will reslrike the lsmp slightly sooner
thon l6weiopen circuit voltoge. The time required by o mercury lomp ro relisht is srrongly influenced by the type of luminoire in which
it is used, since this will determine to o large exleni the cooling rote for the lomp
hos very liitle to do with siorr-
EFFECI OF LAMP AGE ON SIARIING
- Lomp ose, or number of hours for which o lomp hos operoted,
obility, except under iwo circumstonces. First, ofier o new lomp hos burned for rwo or three dcys, it moy lighr up wiih even less open
circuii voltoge thon it required upon delivery from the fo€rory. Secondly, ofier very long burn;n9, o lomp moy tske s slighily longer iime to
stort. This ginerolly
-low€r occLj.s in rhe doys imm;diotely precedins its finol burn-our, ond porticulorly if rhe ambient temperoture or ihe supply
volrose is ihon normol. Except for condirions such os these, older mercury lomps will stort os reodily os new ones.
 I
EFFECI OF VARIOUS FACIORS ON I.AMP
WARM-UP Wertirghouse mercury lomps ore STARI tNG Cfit TRACTIRtSTtCS
desisned lo -worr-up to full worr' ono rurr lisht
oulput al sny lemperoiure obove m;nus 30 degrees I

Fohrenheit 'ord e'en ot lower temperotu.es i1 I

200
sorne coser. The worm-uo iiTe o! cl me.cury lomp
depends on seversl fociors besides lomp iesigri.
=
It is c{fected by ihe amount ond durorion o{ stort,
ing current furnished by the bollost. Weslinghouse
T+ IAMP VOI.TS ..,.
160 5
mercury lorrps ore iesled in ll^e open with rr;ld
drart ot oir lo worm up unde. rrinimurr vo uec of
\ r l?n =
IAMP AMPTRES
sioding current; however, the time io full oeiput
is Ionger thon when roted storling current is pro-
vided- Ar roied storting cuffent ombient tempero- =^ 80
iure hos only a slighl e{fecr. cenerolly, exrreme
lemperotures will moke o di{ference of only iwo / 40
or lhree minuies in worm-up time, unless lhe lomp
is openly erposed 10 o (trong cold wind. The s ze ,
,____l
SIARTIIIG TIME
ord type ol lun'inoire. thot is, whe-her oper or 0
enclosed, is olso o foctor in determininq how {ost
lhe lomp w:ll worn up Here dso;n .he-differ€r(e
0 2 4 6 810 12 14

is generclly o motter of two or three minuies. TIMT II{ MIIIUTES

With proper equipment ihere is ro problem in mer- ftc. 7
cury lomps recching full worr-Lp even under ihe Tine in Mi.utes for rypirol ne.cury lampi lo reoch tull outprJt when bu.ning !n
most odverse ombient conditions. lhe open ot normol rooh lemperoture, ond operoted in coriunct;on wilh high
reo.lon.e bollosls furnishing roied slorting current.

MAXIMUM BUTB AND BASE TEMPERATURES

The Americon Srondords Associotion k estoblishing moximum bulb ond bose temperotures for mercury lomps o{ cunent design.
Westinshouse mercury lomps will give excellent service if these limits ore not exceeded. ln the ioble which follows the volues morked
with on osterisk ore lhose recommended by A.S.,{. Others .over lomps not presently under considerotion by thot group.

Mqximum Temperdfures
Ldtr'!p Type Fixture Type
Bulb Bose

tIFEGUARD or
WEATHER DUTY 400'c' 2I O'C'

REGUIAR 325'C* 2 r 0'c*

(soft Glo$) 37 5" C' 2to'cr
3000 woll H9Fl J/5 C nin mLm lo 550 C mo: num'hroushoui lengrh ol orc
'ube.
275 woll RS
250"C 170'C

Wesiinghouse considers o t0"C higher base tesl temperclure occepioble in slreet lighling ond other outdoor fixrures becouse the ombieni
lemperolures during operotion do nol generolly rise os high os in oiher iypes of service.

STROBOSCOPIC EffECT
The orc of o mercury lomp operoiing on 60 cycle olternoting current is completely extinguished 120 times o second so rhar the light
is not octuolly continuous. Mosi obiects oppecr nornol under th;s lighting, porliculqrly where the mercuryJluorescent type of lomp k
used. However, high speed mochinery or ropidlt nroving obiects moy show o slroboscopic paltern, which, in some coses, moy be
onnoying. It rhis is found io be so, ihe stroboscopic effeci is generolly elim;noted by operoting ihe lomps on the seporote phoses
of o three-phose supply or by operoting poirs of lomps on leodJog two-lomp bo losts, or in exceptionol coses by odding some
incondescent lomps to the system. Fluorescent lcmps moy olso be iniermixed with mercury lomps but they will not neiessorily loprect
the siroboscopic effect.

BRIGHTNESS
Becouse of iheir high luminous efficiency ond relo"
lively smoll lishted length or oreo, oil mercury
lamps ore brillionr. There is consideroble differ-
LAMP rYPE ^llfii?i:lll,""i.(il
(.ondlc. p.r.qudre
ence belween'he c'eor ord the phosphor coored
lomps, ord even ihe lorter dif{er,orewhot in eoch Cleor 2900-3500
porticulor rype. For oll opplicot;orr requiriig o1
extremely brighr sel{-conioined light source, Siondqrd Whit€ 100-150
Westinshouse Short-Arc mercury lomps ore Hi Oolpul White :30"150
recommended. The toble ot the rishl is inlended
only to g'e or opproxinote reloti'e co'rlporisor Deluxe Whire 85-120
o{ ll-e brightness or tre vorious types of ne'cury Short Arc Mer(ury 160,000
 I
I

rII
In tI: 2260
2353
2374
COI,OR AND TIGHT
The sensolion ihol we coll color ond light is our psychologicol

I: 2400 inlerpretciion of cerloin porlions of lhe eleclromognetic spec-

irum. Visible lighl with its mony colors is closely reloled to

x 2447 p
2464 olher forms of electromognetic rodiotion ronging from cosmic
tass'it 2483 roys lhrough x-roys, uliroviolet Iight, infrored light. out to
rodio ond heoling woves. These differ from one onother only

IX
2537
2603 in wovelenglh ond frequency, bul cll ore lroveling ot the role
2652 of 'l 86,300 miles per second. The mercury orc produces slrong
,E
I- II 2 599 line speclro in the uhroviolet ond visible regions. wiih olher

n
I-
5
n
ri-
I
27
2804

2925
2967
53

-
f
lines in the infrored. These lines ore for the most porl quite
shorply defined, but when lomp design is such ihot high
operoling pressures ore creoted consideroble conlinuum is olso
odded to the spectrum. ln mosl mercury Iomps there is very
litlle coniinuous energy. Me rcu ry-fluo resceni lomps hove some
:- I 3022-26 A
o

Iw I
conlinuous energy provided by the rodioiion chorocierislics
3126-32 = of lhe poriiculor phosphor used lo supplemenl the lighl from

IT
lhe mercury orc.
x 334 t t
Mercury lomps used primorily {or Iighting purposes ore
designed to produce os much energy os possible in lhe four
3650- z imporloni lines ond their side bonds within the visible spec-
lrum; 4O47 Angsiroms, violei;4358 Angsiroms, blue; 5461
3906
Angstroms, yellow-green; 577 0-9O Angslroms, oronge-yellow.
I 4047-
"Block Light" ef{ecls {or decorolive ond stoge Iighting ore

ry
4358 obtoined from ihe energy releosed ol lhe 3650 Angslrom line.
Erythemol (sunburn) ond vitomin D-producing or onlirochilic

I 49 r6
GREEN
effecls ore induced by shorler wove ultroviolel rodioiions
cenlering oround 2967 A line ond iis side bonds. The bocteri-

I I al 546 |
5770- YELTOW cidol region of the ullroviolet speclrum is of still shorler wove
length. The 2537 A line is lhe effeclive wove lenglh produced
- by o group of speciol mercury vopor lomps designed for this
germicidol opplicotion. For ozone generolion in opplicoiions
where odor control is desired, speciol mercury lomps which
produce 1849 A energy ore used.

ELECTROMAGIIETIC SPECTRUM
l{al/ft0rclti a[oslfioil uNlTs
T0000 I 1106 1rl0!

FIG.9 SPECTRUM
 Control of the rc1diotion generoted by the
ffcrcury orc,o os lo produce energy in
ihese vorious regiont is occomplished by
ihe choice of bulb glosses ond/or coolings
to oct os filiers, by regulotion of the vopor
pressure oi which the orc operoles, or by
the use oJ o fluoresceni powder.

ln n_ercury-fluorescenl'omos tFe bosic ner-

cury speclrum is modified by meons o{ o
phosphorwhich converis invisible uliroviolet
energy lo visible light. Since over one hqlf 1000 ?00 {0 600 400 610 ,00 m0l

of the energy rodioted by the mercury orc

EIG. ]O SPECTRAL ENERGY CURVE TOR CLEAR MERCURY IAMP
lies in the uliroviolel, it is possible to
ochieve remorkoble color improvemeni by
this meons. ln some coses the toiol clmounl
of lighi produced exceeds thol of o com-
poro ble cleor lomp.

ln ihe speciol Colortone yellow or Deluxe

whiie mercury {iuorescent lomps, on oddi-
tionol pigmented filtering moteriol is fused
to the outer bulb io oct os o seporote filler
to give the desired color effeci.

Speclrol energy diogroms for vorious mer-

cury-fluoresceni lomps ond for the cleor
mercury lomp ore given below ond on the
opposite poge. These were determined for
lomps of the 400 wott BT37 br-rlb size but

q opply as on opproximotion 1o simijor lomps

o{ other woitoges.

COTOR TEMPERATURE
Color temperolure is o convenieni meons
of expressing the iolql spectrol chctrocler
istics of o light source in terms of o number,
which is ordinorily in degrees Kelvin. This
sysiem works very well for incondesceni
liqht sources ond reosonobly well for fluo-
rescent lomps, but is qlrhost useless for
mercury lomps becouse their rodiotion c0(3Pr0*f IrLUrr flr] rr uflP

quoliiies ore such thot ony number ex-

pressed would lie some disionce owoy from
the "block body" line. The block body line
is o ploiting of the color chorocteristics on
on incondescenl body in relotion to iis
chonge in color os ii progresses from cooler
io higher iemperoiures. The rodiotion of
olmost oll mercury lomps is somewhol
greener or bluer thon thot of o block body,
onC lherefore, if ihis system is used ii is
necessory to express the difference owoy
frcnr the block body curve in lerms of o
cerioin number of MPCD's (mininrum per-
ceptible color di{ferences}. These qre ortifi-
ciol quanfities ihoi can be plotted on the
chqrt, but they hove liitle signi{iconce to
mosl persons. For lhis reoson color temper-
qtures ore not included in ihis booklet.

FtG. lt SPECTRAL ENERGY CURVES FOR MERCURY.FIUOR:SCFNT LAMPS

 Ir is ihe norure of o mercury lomp to hove o negotive resisionce chsroderislic. Therefore, in order io prevent the current from rising
indefinilely ond destroying the lomp, it is necessory to operote the lomp in coniunclion wiih some form ol currenr limiting deYice.
These devices, senerolly colled "bollosts," ore designed for vorious lomp ond Iine requirements.

AUXITIARY EOUIPMENT fOR MUITIPLE CIRCUITS

While individuol bollosrs differ omons manufocturers, there qre only four (4) principol i"ypes for muhiple circuits: reocror, hish
.eocronce, reguloled ourpur and rwo-lomp leodJcs. These ore shown schematicolly in fisures 12 throush 15. Essentiol technicol doio
ore siven in toble below.

TYPICAL BALTAST CHARACTERISTICS FOR MULTIPLE LAMP OPERATION O

LAMP WATTS 100 175 250 400 425 700 1000 3000

I.AMP & BALIASI H22 H5 H11

TYPE H4 H1, H25, N33.1 H35.18, H18 H34 t2, Hr2 H36.15, H15 HS
H37-5 H40 17

Hign High Bigh High ttigtr@ Hisi @ negu.

Reactor
lliglr Higi
BALIAST CIiCUIT fiegulated 0utput Reac- lated neac-
Lead Las Reac.
TYPE
Reac- Reac-
o {Conslant Wattage) o 0utPUt o tanceO
SCIIEMATIC CIRCUIT 15 14 I2 13 1? 12 13 14 12 13 13
DIIGNIM 13 13

124 r20 120 121) 120 120 100-130 450 480 240 460 22A 1r5 460 225 230
UNE Y0LrS o @ @ o
POWTR TACTOR % 90 90 90 90 90 95 90 90 90 90 90 s0 90 90 90 90

!INE WATTS 125 205 290 460 860 857 460 450 450 759 732 1050 1085 1100 1040 1058 3165

BAILASI O.C VOLTS 254 ?60 254 300 220 300 o 450 480 460 460 220 220 o 460 440 850

OPERATING LINE 15.1

CURRENT (AMPS)
r.2 1.90 2.65 4.13 7.9 4.2 1.05 1.0 3.5 1.63 5.2 10.6 5.0 2.5 5.2

S]ANTING IINE 1C 2 lrq 3.22 4.5 3.0 3.5 2.2 1.55 1.5 5.0 218 6.9 12.5 1.8 J.5 7.3 21.2
CURRENT (AMP'

OPEN CIRCUIT 14 3.i 5.7

LINE CURRENT (Amps)
1.6 2.29 6.6 1.5 r.1 1.32 1.2 2.48 4.6 10.9 2.9 2.87 16

O of lhe populor types of bollosh. lnlormotion coicerning olher lypes is reodily obtoinoble
This loble l;sts choroclerisiica oJ sofre
{rom yoor locol reprerenlolive of rhe Westinghouse Lighling Division.
O These bollosls ore desisned for indoor use only. All o'hers ore desisned lor ouidoor opplicqiions.
O Bollosi chorocleristlcs hove been delermiied tor specilic volioges lisred. Use of other line voltqges i5 permissible provided
corecl volloge top is used- The volues shown will vory somewhor with dilferenl yoltoges.
O Dolo quoled fo. ll5 voll inpul. Volues vory slighlly for olher inpul volroges lyins in the 100 lo 130 volt ronge.
O Dolo quojed lor 230 voli inpui. Volues vory slighlly lor olher volioses lying in lhe 200 260 voll ronge.
O Volles shown opply io i.door ond ouldoor bollosls.
O Sufficient cresl ond RMS vollose to slort lomps for 20" f operoJ;on.

A REACTOR BALLAST (Fis. l2) is recommended for use wiih circuits ihar provide good res'rlotion ond sufficient line voltdge to stort
lhe mercury lomp. This type of bollost is most economicol becouse its only function is to limit cureni, ond therefore cosrly auto-
lronsformer sections ore noi.equired. The unit usuolly includes o copocitor for power foclor correction.

tHE HIGH REACTANCE BAIIAST 1Fi9. l3) is used with circuirs thot lock sufficient line voltoge to stort the mercury lomp directly.
of
This type bollosr conskts ol on outoJronsformer section in series with o reoclor elemeni. ln power foclor correcied high reoctonce
bollqsis, o few exiro iurns of wire ore usuolly odded lo ihe outojronsformer seciion ond o copociior is then connecied in potollel with
the outoJronsformer. The funclion of the outo'lronsformer is to slep up the voltoge to lhe volue required to storl ihe lomp. The reoctor seclion
lirnirs the currenr os required by specificalions.

REGUTATED OUTPUI BALLASIS (Fig. l4) ore recommended especiolly for insiollotions thot hove relotively poor voltoge reguloiion
or where groduol voltoge chonge is expected throughout o period of time. They eliminote the necess;ly for corefully motching o
porticulor voltoge iop with line voltoge. Circuit shown is one of o number used for such bollosts. This type oI ballost ollows the lsmp
to drow only its roted current even though ihe supply volloge vories os much os 26"/. {see tig. 171.

tHE IWO-LAMP LEAD-LAG BALTAST (Fis. l5) is used where mony lomps ond bollqsh ore io be instolled and where low insrqllation
cost is esseniiol. Addirionol odvsnrqges ore high power foctor ond reduced slroboscopic effect. The bollost consists of on ouio-rrons-
former wiih its output connected io iwo po.ollel circuiis, lhe f;rst contoin;ng a reocior in series with o lomp, ond the second hoving
boih o reoctor ond copocilor in series with a lomp. (continued pose 16)

12
 r------------------t

FIG.
L__*__-_-----l
14 REGULATED OUTPUI (CONSTANT WATTAGE) SALLAST
 TECH N IGf,I. Df,TA foR
nated
(Nominallli) 0uter Bulb 0uter Bulb lnitiar Special ord€ring
color Finish
st'ape O (Approx.) Lamp Desi$al:or
o @ o Descriptiori (flardGlass)

T-10 3,300 H4AB (

PAR.38 Spoi 2,300 H4cS (
100 watts clear 2,300 tar*j
t{4 Clear 3,500 2.500
PS-25 3,300 2,300
4,000 2,800
Clear Clear 7,500 6,600 lifeguard H39-22X8
Std. Whiie 7,000 6,100 Lifesuard H39-22r,C/C
Hi-0uipui White 8,000 7,000 439-22KC/W
5,300 4,600 Llfeguard u39'22KC/X
Clear 11.800 10,300 Lifeguard l37.5KB
11,250 9,7s0 Lifegua.d H37-5l,C/C
Hi-0u1put Whlie
lnslde BT-28
12,600 10,900 fl37.5XC/W
8,400 7.2AO Lileguard H37-5KC/X

21,500 16,800 H1,CD

Clear BT-37
21,500 19,300 Lifeguard H3acD
18i500 15,100
clear rnsrde F,ost @ 1/,500 74,200
Silver Reflector 18,500 16,700 Lileg!ard
17,500 15,600 LlleCuard H33-1-HS
cLear 8T-24 @ 15,500 13,600 x2sDE o
20,500 16,000 H1-GL/C
Standard White 8T,37
20,700 18,600 Lifesuard H33{-GL/C
400 Watts
It1.1t25. std, white R.57
20,500 17,100
fli3.1 sem -Herreclor 20,100 19,300 Lireguarl H33.1-rN/C
24,000 18,600 H1-GL/W
ili'Ouiputwhile lnside 8l-37 24,040 20,400 u33-1.G1lW
PhosDhor
Hl.output wlrlte Coat fp R-57
24.000 20,600 H331.DN,/W
24,000 18,9Q0
8t 37 14,500 12,800 H33-1.G1/X
R-57 15,000 13,500 LifeCuad H33.1.0N/X
15,000
Y-"llow Cleat 8T.37 15,000

Cleat Clear 21.500 19,300 Lifeguard H4O.17IMA

Std. White-S.R. 8T,37 20.700 18,600 H40-r7GL/C
24,000 20,400 lifeguard H40,17Gl/W
R,57 20,700 19,300 Lifegoard H40-17DN/C
H.0 Whiie's.R. 24,000 20,600 LiJeguard H40-1rDN/W

6.6 Amp. Clear 20,000 H24C0

H'24 Std. Whits 18.500 H24et/C
37,000 32,900 !ifeguard H35-18NA
H35,18ND/C
700 watts O Sid. Whiie 36,000 31.700 Lifecuard
Liiesuard
135-18 Hi0utput Whiie 40,500 33,500 H35-18N0/W
27,A00 23,200 !ifeguard H35-18ND/X

Clear 55,000 42,800 H34-12GV

Stafdard 52,000 39,800 Lifeguard H34.12GW/C

Hi output 60,000 43,900 Lireguard 134,1zGW/W

40,000 29,400 Lifeguard H34-12GW/X
sid. whrte 53,5Q0 41,000 Lifeguard H34-|2KY/C
Coatiig

S€miR€ll- 57,000 43,000 H34 72KY /W

BT 56 41,500 31,500 Lifeguard H34-12KY /X

1000 walts 6i
- Lifeguard
H34-12 57,000 50,700 H36-15GV
R36'15 54,000 47,500 Lifeguard H36-15GW/C
Hi.0utput
62,000 51,400 Llfesuard H36-150W/W
41,000 35,700 Lifegrard H36-15GW/X
Std. White
Sem -R€ll.
55,000 48,600 Lif€gur.d H36"15KY/C
Hi-0utput
Seml Refl. 59,000 49,400 Lifesuard H36-15XY/!Y

Semi-ieil. 42,50O 37,400 Lifeguard ll36-151ry,/X

3000 Watts H9 CJear Clear I-gY2 132,000 108,000

O Partial listi oiber iypes are also available.

O For totaL wattac€ add ba last watts which range fron 8% io 25% ot lanp waits d€pending chiefly upon the type ol larnp and ballzsl
- used. See PaEe 12.
OAbbr€viations:1.F.-lnsideFrosted;Phos.Coai. PhosphorCoated; LG-Lifesuardr WD Weather Duty.
O Soit Glass buibs may cra(k if struch by rain or large flying insects. SuitabJe proi€ction is recommended or replaceneni with LIFEGUARD

O Nominal bulb diameter sizes in eighths of an inch.

@ Rated initial lumens apply for 100 nours' buming and are neasured with lamp op€rai€d vertically from reference bailasi at laied waits.
O lum€n< o' .lrFCUAqD lrrps a e lor l2,oO0 horr averagp pconomrc t:fp.
- [4ean
lvledn lu11Fn\ o'WEATdER DUIY lanps ar" lor 7,000 hou. dvi d8e eronomic Lte.
IVFa" lLr.pns ot solr slcss dnps a.e lor 7,000 hour averrSe econom c liie.
WDSTINGHOUSD M D RGURY I.trMPS"
Recofi. 6;l lecdn.
ordering F0rmer Former Rated Avs. Lr,e nated Avs. Lite lvarinum Light 0pen - open
Desieflation ordering orderhg O 5 Hn. @ 5 Hrs. circrat ci.cuit
rsoft Grasst Desrgnation Desisnarion per sla.t ier starr
rHard Glast (Sott Grassl (Hard Glasr' (Soft class)
overall
Length
Center
Lendn
(in.)
length
(in.) Yoltage Voltage
(outdoors tlndoors
'r,iii;i' fffi{i'fjj',lij'
(Nom.) (Non.l
O rin.) (approx.)
r0 ro
-200F.) +500F,)
A.H4 6,000 5tb 3-7/t6 1
c,H4 6,000 1-
E H:I 6,000 /!6
H4AX ;; 7 000
5-7
6rh 5
: ^ ^ 22a llo tr 0.9
H4AC/A l\4 H4 7,000 67h 5 254
H4AC/W 7,000 67k 5 250
A.H22-LG 12,000 8-5116 5
B"H22.LG 12,000 8-5/16 5 135
B,II22,/SW.LG 12,000 8-5/!6 5
B-H22/X-LC 12,000 8-5//16 5

C-H5,LG 12,000 8,5/16 5 2YB

O.H5.LG 12,000 8,5116 5 130
D.H5/SW.LG 12,000 8-5,/15 5
D.H5,/X.LG 12,000 8-5/16 5

Hl.LS E.HI.WD EHl 10,000 9,000 Irl/2 7 23/a 215

,go 23/a
H].AK '50 (.Hl 9,000 !23/a
237
2/5

':y (.H1.LG
L H1.LG
t-Hl
12.000
12,000
i,g:
I2qa

123/a
275
237
237
A'H1-WD 6,000 0 t3 73/a 6% 2t5
H1.LB/C J.H].WD J.HI 9,000 ttlh 7 275
J.H1.LC 12,000 r7V2 7
- 231
NI L(,/C P.H1 9,000 123/a 215 224 135 5 3.2
P.H1 LG 12.000 723/a 237
H1.LB/W J I]1,/SW.WD J.HIlSW i0,000 9,000 1IV2 7 275
J-H1/SW-LC 12 000 \t1/z 7 237
P-ht/sw Lc 12,000 123/a 237
H 1.11{./t\r
]H1lX.LG
-
P-H1/SW
12.000
9,000 r23/a
111/2 -1
27a
237
P-H1/X LG 123/a 237
H1'LB/Y ,* r" '1og s,000 l1Y2 7 275
Hl LS,/Y E Hl/Y 9,000 l"LU 7 23/a 275
A,H17-LG 12,000 IL* 7 3Y2
B,H17.LG 12,000 1lY2 7
B_H17//SW Lc 12,000 111/2 7
C.H 17 LG 12,000 123/a
c H17lSW-LG 12,000 L23/4

H24LS A,H24,WD A H24 10,000 9,000 \LY2 7 2-9/L6

H24IB/C 8,N24 WD B-H24 10 c00 9,000 1IY2 7
237 2AO

A.HT8 LC 12 000 5
8 H18.LG 12,000 t41/2 9Y2 460
B H18,/SW.LG 12.000 _._
B.Hta/x-Lc 12,000

A.H12-LG 12 000 5 300

c-H12.Le 12.000 300

c,H12lSW-LC 12,000 300

220 4.2
C Hl2lX'LG 12 000 300
D.H12,LG 12 000 300

D-H12./SW.LC 12,0!0 300

D.H I2,/X LE 12,000 l53h 9Y2 300

A-fl15.1G 12.000 6
B-H15.LG 12,000

B H1s/SW-LG 12,000
460
B-'l15/X-LG 12 000
D-Hl5.tc 12,000

D,H] 5/SW.LG 12,000

D H15,/X,LG 12,000

A,Hg 6,000 rd) 48 650 s35 9.3 6.1

-
@ Ilre
per
H9Fl, N25DE and H25DJ cany the addrtronal ave.age life rating of 7,000 hours ai 10 hours per siart and 1O,OO0 hours at 144 hours
start (6 days (oniinLrous burnine).
OThe fl250E is desisred ior base.up burnins. The H25DJ for base-down burning. These iyp€s should be operaied within 10" oi veriical
Lrniess a .nagnei ls used to preveni darnage to th€ lamp irom the overheaiing due io bowing ot the arc.
@ A:so alallable ii T.16 hard glass bulb. Desicnations ar€: H25HC (A-H1(I)); H25H.l (B-fl1 (T)).
@ The HgFJ is a singre bulb taop. The 0uter butb is lhe arc tube.
@ lhe H4rB, H4GS and H4 A4 arpc a'e €o- oped EirF ddmeojuT sLred bd:es. Ihe HgFl i( eolpped wrh \ingle (ont.cl spade lermira,
on €d(h end. All other lanpc hav" d.le-coded 1rocj ,irpw biie.
O I I-BK and H JJ.l.r Y nrv" a w.oe beamr H1-l4W and H3].1-HS have a m€dium beam.
@ Technicrl daia for older iypes manulactured in ihis wattage will be supplied on request.
@ For additional inJornation .ead "Eifect of Temperaiure and Voltage"-Page 8.
 CIIARACTTRISTIC CURVES

140
400-wAlt fi33-r 0R
Hl.TAMPS* ,t z/
t20
ll ,7
FlG. 16
=
a too Chorocteristics ol merc! ry
l
ldmp operoied on typicdl
high reo.lonce bollon.
tAIilP v0tls ;//
l
80

60
LAiIP
llrptnts
Lltrti
/
mtTs-
1./
TAIIP IUMEIIS,'
50 60 70 80 s0 100 lt0 120 130

PER CII{T OT RATED PRIIIARY VOTTS

120

F -a
-3 100 =h
-c FtG. t7
Cho.octerislics of mercury
F lomp operoled on lyPicolreg-
F uloled o!tpul (connonl wot-
loge) bol osr. Curves show
=80
EI lonp operoling volroge: o)
upper desiqn limil, b) cenler
= vol0e, c) lower desisn l;mil.
cr
!c 60

90 s5 100 105 110 5 120 125

RATEll PRtilARY V0LTS (PERCtilI)

All bo osts mrjsl be designed for rhe specific voltoge ronse cnd frequency of the supply with which ihev ore to be used Fis. l6
shows ihe relotionship of volroge, currenl, power ond lighr output for lcmps operoled on typicol high reoctonce bollasts

When ihe supply voltoge k cbnormolly low, depending on lemperolure, the lamp moy noi stort. lf it does stort the electrodes msy
not reoch iheir proper opersting rempersture becouse low supply voltoge is usuolly occomponied by low operoiing current Abnormollv
low current will couse low light output, poor lumen moinlenonce ond reduced lomp life'

Abnormolly high supply volroge to rhe bollcrst will ollow the Iomp to drow more lhon iis design current. The orc iube will overheql
ond moy become deformed. Short lomp life mov result.

Since supply volioges vory from insiollotion to instollotion, mony bollosrs hove tv/o or more voltoge lops so thol lhe Proper conneclion
con be mode. The suppty vottose should be colculored or preferobly messured under both {ull lood and low lood condirions lf its
rqnge is wirhin a 5% of rhe rop connecrion the lomp woits will generolly be held io - I09/. of ihe norninol rotins, which should be
sarisloctory. Recomnrendorions of rhe bollost monufocturer should be followed, os some types do not control lcmp wotls os closely
tf rhe supply voltoge ronge is unsatisfociory snd connot be better reguloted, ihen reguloled o!ipui bollosls should be used-

POWER INTERRUPTION AND VOITAGE DIPS

A POWER SUPPTY INTERRUPTION or o severe voltose drop losr;ns more thon q {ew cycles will exrinsuish the mercury lomp. Minor
voltoge dips will noi csuse ihe lornp io exringuish if the open circuit voltoge is high enough. Mosi bollosts ore designed to permit o
voltoge drop of tO io i5%. Some iypes, including mony regulsted ouiput bollasls, permil on opproxirnate 25% reduction be{ore rhe orc
exringuishes. Before o lomp will relighi, must cool su{ficiently to reduce the vopor pressure to o point where ihe drc will resrrike ot
'i
the volroge ovqiloble. Locol lighis or an emergency lighiing syslem using incondescenr or fluorescent lomps will generolly provide
sufficieni illuminotion lor the few minules required by ihe mercury lomps to restort
 AUXITIARY EOUIPMENT fOR SERIES CIRCUITS
Becouse of the long circuit pdrhs rhot usuolly occur in ouidoor opplicotions, mercury lcmps crre often operoted in series. Advonioges ore:

l. The wire cross secliondl orea is reduced beccuse the current ihrouqh ihe sysiem need only equdl the currenr droin of one
lomp ond its ouxiliory plus line losses.

2. Since the curreni is low, the lrR losses ore proportionoiely lower.
The principol disddvonioge is ihe very high poieniiol io ground.

120-240 votT
stc0l{0aRY
Ut{t

PRIMANY
uNt
FUSE
curouTs I
I
I
I
I

H
POWER TACTI)R
c0RRtcT[{G COI{STANT ts0tATI0
CAPACITOR CURRTNT TRAIISTORMIR
UGHTI{IIIG RTOUTA]OR
ARRTSTERS

FIG. I8 TYPICAI CIRCUIT WITH SERIES BALLASTS

At present lhere ore lwo bosic iypes of series circuits for mercury Iomps.The first consisls of eilher o 3.2, 3.3, or 6.6 cmpere constont €urrent
resulotor (plus sssocioied control equjpmenr) in series with c specified number of lomps with film culours. This is ofien colled o "srroighi"
series circuit, os individuol bollosts or tronsformers ore not used. The second type (Fis. l8) consists of o constont current regulotor (usuolly
6.6 or 20 cmperes) with isoloting (insulaiing) rronsformers connecied in serier wilh its oulpui. A mercury lomp is then connected io ihe
secondory side of eoch isoloting tronsformer. In this cose ihe regulotor conlrols ihe curreni while ihe open circuir volioge divides up among
rhe vorious Iomps. The ioble below shows ihe chorocter;stics of the vorious iypes of isoloting ironsformers.
ll'
Existing incondescent 6.6 ampere series circuils con be economicolly converted ro the H24 lype mercury lomp developed by Westing'
house. for which individuol bollosrs dre not required. Speciol control equiprnent musr be odded to the circuit in order to prevent
{lsshover in hot lornps ofter momentory power iniefiupt;ons. Fiim culouts ore olso req!ired to insure o continuous circuit in the event
ol lomp {oilure. Simils. strqisht series circuits ore voiloble for series operoiion of Hl ond H33'1 lomps.

ISOLATING TRANSFORMER CHARACTERISTICS

175 250 1AO 700 IO00

Lomp & Bollon Type H22 H5 HI Ht 8 Hl5

H39 22 H37 "s H33- l H35 t8 H36- I5
Circuit Diogrom Fig. 18 Fig. I8 ri9. l8 Fig. l8 rig. l8

Primo.y Current (Anp5) 6.6,20 6.6,20 6.6,20 6.6,20 6.6,2A

Peok open cikuit volloge 800 700 7AO r 200 1400

 POWER fACTOR
Power foctor is the rotio of wotts io volt-omperes in on AC
circuit. The power factor of dny induciive c;rcuit is logging
ond thot of o copocitive circuii is leoding. When mercurv
V0LTA0E ----, lomps ore operoted in combinoiion with simple inductive
bollosts the overoll power foctor will be in the order of
50-60% ss shown in F;g. 19. The ef{iciency of ihis circuit
is ordincrily improved by building o power focior correct'
ing copociior into the lomp bollost. The leoding current
\ drcwn by the copocitor compensoles for the logging cur-
GURREI{T reni in lhe other bronch of lhe €ircuit. The copocitor tckes
no net power from the line.

I
f tG. l9

CREST TACTOR
of lhe peok volue of
Crest fo€ior is simply the relotionship
ony wove form ro its RMs (rool'meon-squore) volue, os
shown in Fig.20. ln oiher words. cresl foctor is merelv o
numericol woy of de{ining o wove form. For exomple. o
crest fs€tor of 1.8 meons thoi the peok of lhe wove is
I.8 times the RMS vclue.

lnvestigoiion of lhe effecr of crest foctor in lhe vorious

lomp operoting elements hos noi been comPleted. Wesling-
house considen lomp operoting currenl crest foctors up
ro ond including 1.8 to be soiisfoctory for lomps with
thorium elecirodes (regulor ond Westher Duty lomps) ond
cresi fsctors cs hish cs 2.1 ro be sotisfoctory with Lifesuord
mercury lomps. Hisher volues moy be permissible, however,
FtG.20
iheir effect on lumen moinlenonce hos nor yet been fully
evoluoted.

OPEN CIRCUIT VOTTAGE

The following moximum open circuii voltoges opplv for operotion of Westinghouse mercurv lomps:

Mqximum Open Cir.uii Vohqge

l /qffs lqmpg
During Firsl Second Th€re.!lier

100 H4 I100 Pk I100 Pk,450 RMS

175 H22,1.139-22 r r00 Pk I r00 Pk,450 RMS

250 H5, H37-5 |00 Pk r 100 Pk,450 RMs

400 Ht, H25 & H33- l 2r 50 Pt 2r 50 Pk,450 RMS

425 H17, H40,17 2150 Pk 2r 50 Pk, 800 RMS

7Aa Ht8, H35-i8 2r 50 Pk 2150 Pk, 800 RMs

r000 H12,H34,12 2150 Pk 2t 50 Pk,450 RMS

r 000 Ht 5, H36-r5 2t 50 Pk 2r 50 Pk,800 RMS

3000 H9

Under odverse circumstonces, os following o momentory power interruption, with bollosts thot produce
excessivley high vdltoge, rhe lomp mcy orc over iniernolly ond be destroyed. Thk informoiion is lherefore
importonl to oll users, especially io lhose who plon ond design series nreet lighting svstems, snd olso lo
hollost monulqcturers.
 HIGH AND LO\4' TREOUENCY OPERATION
OF MERCURY TAMPS
Mercury lomps have been tested with power supplies hoving op lo 2000 cycles per second frequency. ln
generol, wiih proper bolloning, this meons of operotion oppeors io be sotisfoctory, but more v/ork is neces-
5ory to determine whether ony disodvontoge moy develop. No meosuroble odvontoge in lighl oulput hos
been noted. The principol odvontoge of high {requency operotion of mercury lomps will be sovings in cosl
of bollosting the lomp. ln some coses ihese sovings moy iurn oul to be very lorge. ln oddition, slroboscopic
effect is virtuolly eliminored.

Mercury lomps hove been operoted on frequencies down lo 25 cycles with speciol bollosts. These bollosrs
ore considerobly lorger rhon those designed for 60 cycles, ond lhe siroboscopic effecl is greoler'

RADIO INTERFERENCE
Mercury lomps do not inlerfere wilh rodio or television receplion, nor do properly designed bollosts or
circuits,

D-C OPERATION
Stondord mercury lomps hove been designed for use on dlternoling currenl, ond therefore cerloin {octors
must be considered before they €on be operoted on direct current. Since some lomps hove operoting vol-
toge of 135 volts A-C ond others of 265 vohs A-C, the D-C open circuil storting voltoge ond bollirsling
requirements vory occording to lhe lomp type. ln generol, ol normol room temperotures 250 volt5 D-C will
stort low-voltose (135V) lomps ond 325 volts D-C will slort hish-voltose (265V) lomps. Some lorm of
resistonce must be used in series wiih the lomps in order to limit the currenl becouse inductive bollosts will
soiurote on direcf-current,

Testing hos shown thot ihe lumen moinlenonce of lomps designed for A-C operotion is poorer when they ore
operoted on D-C. In rhe cose of 400 watl lomps, best performonce will be obtoined if the posiiive connec-
tion is mode to the shell of the lomp socket, otherwke. short life moy result. 1000 wan H34-12 lypes con be
connecled to any polority. Except for intermillent loboroton/ use, other iypes should nor be operoted on
D-C current wiihout o specific recommendotion from the monufoclurer.

Published lumen outpui, lumen moiniensnce, ond li{e rotings do not opply lo mercury lomps if operoied
on D-C.

SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AUXII]ARY

EQUIPMENT AND CIRCUITS TO OPERATE MERCURY TAMPS

Select bollo$ conneclions so os lo motch line voltoge os closely os possible. Lomp wqlts
should be kept ro plus or minus l0% of nominol. With mosi bolldsls this con be s.hieved
1. if line vohoge motches lop connectionr wilhin plus or {hinus 5%.

*ornror" the circuii reosonobly free {rom vohoge Ilucluotions.

f ,

tt Moke cerroin $ot the bollost of your choi.e does not exceed the recommetded limits
-{ for lomp operoting current crest foclor ond open circuii voltoge. AIso b€ cerioin lhot il
Ut witt pro"iau sufficilnr voltoge for relioble storling ot ihe.oldesi lemperotures you expecl
to encounler. Moke cerloin olso ihot *e bollost is designed for the porticulor voltoge,
frequency. ond lomp lhot you will have on the circuif.
 INDUSTRIAT TIGHTING
Mercury lcmps, especiolly Colorrone High Ouiput White lamps, are
the bert choice for most induslriol lighling tosks requiring relorivelv
hlgh mounting of the luminoires. They ore commonly used ot up'
wqrds of fourteen feet ond hove been opplied very successfully ot
even lower mounting heighis. They ore extremely economicol io
use ond porriculorly voluoble where hish {ootcondle levels of illumi-
notion ore derired. Since both lomps ond luminories are relqtively
smoll, even {or the I000 wolt size, ihey ore easy io cleon or relomp,
ond mdintenonce costs ore therefore low compored with floorescenr
lomps.

Colorlone High Oulpui White Iomps ore recommended for oll oppli-
colions where high output is mosl importonl ond where color ren-
dilion is not porticulorly criiicol. Other types such os Colorione
Stcndard White or Deluxe Whiie should be used those few
instonces where more crilicol color discriminorion k 'n
required

If 440-480 voli disiribulion is ovoiloble for the lighting circuits ond

if locol requirements permit lhis voltoge ot the sockel, consideroble
sovings con be obtoined rhrough use of mercury lomps especiollv
desisned for this voltose, such os the 425 \\o11 H40'17, 700 walt
H35-18, ond ihe 1000 wati H36-15 types. The sovings ore reolized
principolly ihroush reduced cost ol bsllasts and conduciors.

SEMt-REFLECTOR LAMPS-Semi-reflecior mercury-fluorescent lcmps

Gee poges l4 ond 15) ore of poriicuiar odvontoge {or industriol
lightins. This is becouse they ore less offecred by dusi ond dirr lhon
lamps of other bulb shopes. Principol lypes ore the 400 wott ond
425 wott R57 buLb lomps ond the 1000 wot 8T56 semi-reflector
lomps. Chorscieristic of these types is ihe foct thot thev direct
opproximoiely onejhird of the light upwords ond twoihirds down-
words. The upword component con be utilized bv monv modern
luminoires to give desiroble illuminoiion on lhe ceiling oreqs, rhus
reducing ihe conlrosi beiween the luminoire cnd its surroundings
ln loymen's longuoge, it eliminores the "tunnel" effect.

REF1ECTOR LAMPS - 4OO wott R57 bulb reflector mercurv lomps

in either v/ide or medium beom dislribution poiterns ore recom'
mended for speciolized applicotions, porticulorly where dust ond
dirt conditions ore severe. Allhough they con be used without
luminoires, best lighting proctice requires shielding to prevenr high
brightness wilhin normsl viewing ongles ond lo Prolecl ihe lomps
from impad or other hotm The wide beom lomp is recommended
for use in relotively wide rooms where ihe mounting he;ghi is
senerolly obove l5 feer. The medium beom lcrmp should be used
for medium-wide or norrow rooms where lhe mounting heighl is
generolly obove 20 feet. Typicol distribuiion curYes are shown ot l€fr'

Re{lector ond seni'reflecior lomps ore monufoctured wiih Lifegoqrd

orc tubes for besr mclintoined light output snd lowest cost of lighr.
DESIGN DATA fOR TYPICAL INDOOR MERCURY LAMP TUMINARIES
50% 30a/, 10%

.3t .27 24 .3r .27 .24 .21 .24

37 ,33 .30 .36 .33 30 .32 .30
.45 .41 38 .45 .41 .38 .4r .38
.57 .47 .44 .50 .47 .44 .46 .44
1 56 52 .49 .55 .52 .49 .51 .49
.61 .56 .53 .59 .56 53 .s5 .53
I .65 .61 59 .64 .61 .58 .60 .58
.68 .65 .62 .66 .64 .62 .63 .61
.7A .61 65 .68 .66 .64 .65 .63
.72 .70 .68 .71 .69 .6/

A
.34 .30 .21 .34 .30 .27 .30 .27
,44 .39 ,35 .43 .39 .35 38 35
.50 .46 .42 .50 .45 .42 45 42

t .57 .52 .48 56 52 .48 51 .48

.62 .a1 .54 .61 .57 .53 .56 .53
.69 .64 .61 .67 .63 .60 .63 .60
I ,73 .69 .66 .71 .68 .65 .67 .65
.76 ./2 69 14 12 68 .7A .68
.79 .16 .74 .78 .15 .73 .74 .72
.81 .79 .16 aa .17 76 .76 .75

41 .38 .35 .4t .37 .35 .37 .35

.49 .45 .42 48 44 42 .44 .42
.54 .50 47 ,53 .49 .47 .48 .46
.59 .55 .52 .57 .54 .51 .52 50
1 .62 .58 .56 .60 .51 .54 .55 .53
.67 .63 .60 .64 .61 .59 .59 .58
I ,69 .66 64 .66 .64 .62 .62 .60
.71 .69 .66 .68 .66 .64 .63 .62
.74 .72 .14 .74 .69 .67 .66 .64
16 ,74 .72 72 .70 .69 .67 .66

l .40 .36 .33 .39 35 33 35 .33

47 43 .40 ,46 .42 .40 .4? .40
H .53 48 .45 .51 .48 .45 .46 .44
G 57 53 .50 .55 .52 .49 .51 .48
1 .61 ,57 ,54 .59 .55 ,53 .54 .52
E .66 .62 .59 .63 .60 .57 .58 .56
+ D ,69 ,65 .63 .66 .63 .61 .59
c .71 .68 65 .68 65 .63 .6?
"60 .60
B 74 .7t .69 .70 .58 .66 .65 .63
.75 .73 .7r 11 10 68 .66 .65

.41 .43 .41 .47 .43 .41 .43 .41

.55 .52 .49 .s5 52 .49 .52 ,49
.61 ,57 .55 .60 .57 .55 .51 ,55
.66 .62 .65 .62
l .69
.74
.66
.71
60
.63
.68
.68
.73
.65
.74
.60
.63
.68
.61
.65
.69
.59
.63
.67
I
.76 .73 .1\ .75 .72 .11 .72 .70
.78 .15 .73 .76 .14 .73 .73 ,72
.80 .]a 76 .18 17 75 .76 .75
80 .78 .77 .77

.39 .36 .33 .39 .36 .33 .36 .33

.48 .44 .41 .43 .41
.53 .50 .47 .53 .49 .47 .49 .41
.59 55 .42 .58 .54 .52 54 .52
.63 59 .56 .62 .58 .56 58 .56
.67 .64 6t 66 63 .61 .63 .61
.1Q .67 .65 .69 .66 .64 .66 .64
12 .7A .61 .71 .69 .67 .68 .66
.75 .73 .7L .74 .12 .74 .71 .69
./1 .75 .73 .75 .73 .72 .12 .71

.50 .47 .45 .50 .41 .45 .47 .45

.57 .54 52 57 54 52 .54 .52
.62 .59 .57 .62 .59 .57 .59 .51
66 63 .66 .63 .63
I .69
73
67
.7L
.61
.64 ,09
.72
.66
.70
.61
,64 .66
.69
.61
.64

e
.68 .68 .68
I .75 .73 .7r .74 .72 .70 .71 .74
.77 .15 73 76 .74 .72 73 ,72
.78 .77 .75 .77 .16 .75 .75 .74
.80 .74 .17 .78 17 .16 J6 7a

.3: .29 .26 .33 .29 26 .29 .26

42 38 34 .42 .38 .34 .37 .34
49 44 .40 .48 .44 .40 43 .40

t 55 .50 .46 .54 49 .46 .49 .46

.59 .55 .51 .58 .54 51 .53 .51
65 61 .58 .64 .60 .57 ,60 .57
I .69 .65 .62 68 .64 .61 63 .61
12 68 65 .70 .67 .65 66 .64
75 .72 .74 .74 .71 .69 .70 .68
.17 15 72 .76 .73 .71 .12 .7A
STREET TIGHTING AND f TOODTIGHTING Populor types ol mercury lonp
luminoires lor outdoor use.

tAMp TYPES - As o brood clossificqtion, there ore three groups of mercury

lomps for street ond floodlighting. These ore:

the low wottoge group, consisting of 1OO, 175, ond 250 wott lomps;
1.
lor 100, 175 ond 250 wolt lomps
(ovoiloble wiih built'in bollost for
4t 100 ond 175 woll iypet
f . *e populor 400 ond 425 wotr group;

2 the high wottoge group, consisting of 700 ond IOOO woti mercury
{. lo rpt.

The 400 wolt types hove been ond remoin in greoiesi demond for oll outdoor
opplicotions. Low wotloge lomps ore now being used in increosing numbers for
residentiql ond seconddry street lighting, qs well os the lighling of wolkwoys, *or'
Ior 250 400 ond 425 lonp5
promenodes, ond ouldoor oreos sround buildings, including the grounds. High
wottoge mercury lomps ore being used exiensively for moin slreefs where o
relotively high level of illuminotion is desired qnd where the streels ore quite
wide. They ore olso used for porking lot lighting, both oi shopping cenlers qnd
ol smoller instollotions.

LUMINAIRES cnd LAMP COTOR - Mony different types of luminoires hove

been designed for mercury lomps to be used in ouldoor lighting, so thol neorly
lor 250,400 ond 425 wott ldnps
ony type of distribution pottern moy be obtoined with ony size of lomp. (wilh built-in bollo5l)

Most of the originol luminoires were designed for cleor mercury lomps becouse
mercury-fluorescenf (color-correctedl types did not exisl ot thoi iime. Excellent
luminoires ore now ovoildble to utilize the lorger light source of the mercury-
fluorescent lomps, ond these types ore iherefore increosing in populoriiy. Cur-
rently, Colortone High Output while lomps ore finding the widest opplicotion in
street ond floodlighting becouse they offer on qdvontoge of l0-15% odditionol
light output os compored lo cleor mercury lomps. This increqse in efficiency of
the light source is offset somewhol by o slight loss in efficiency of the luminoire,
os compored with o similor luminoire utilizing o cleor lomp. The net resull is
usuolly o slight overoll goin in foolcondles togeiher with o consideroble improve-
for 70O ond 1000 wolt lonp5
meni in color.

Colortone Stondord White ond Deluxe White mercury lomps ore being used for
slreel lighting opplicotions where color rendition is felt io be of some importonce.
ln generol, color is not poriiculorly criiicol in sireei lighting becouse color per-
ception is poor ot the low lighting levels involved ond becouse in mony inslqnces
store windows furnish consideroble illuminotion on ihe sidewqlks.

Yellow mercury lomps of two different types, both cleor ond phosphor cooted,
ore ovqiloble for use in speciol siluotions where lhe indicdtion of donger is
for 700 ond 1000 woll ldmps
needed, such os underposses, troffic circles, dongerous intersections, highwoy (ovoiloble with buill'in bollon)

opprooches, etc.
STREET L]GHT]NG AND FLOOOTIGHTING CONTINED NEXT PAGF

23
STREIT TIGHTING AND f tOODtIGHTING (Conlinued)

OVERWATTAGE OPERATION FOR FLOODLIGHTING - In floodlighting, where moximum light oul-

pui per unit ond per kilowott of cvoilcrble power mcry be more importonl lhon moximum lomp life,
,1500
wott operotion of o 'l 000 wott mercury lomp should be considered. Lighting of ouditoriums,
porking Iors, irode foirs ond exposilions, lorge ouldoor construclion jobs, sporls evenis, porks ond
gorden disploys ore typicoi opplicotions where lhis high outpui lomp con be effectively utilized.
'l
Operotion of the 1 000 wqfi cleor-type H 1 5 or H36 1 5 lcrmp ot 500 wotts will increose the lumens
{rom 57,OOO to 83,000, which is on increose oI 45'/.. Tests indicote on oyeroge life of 2000 hours ot
th is overlood.

To ochieve efficient overwottoge operotion, o speciol bollost is required. Depending on design, two ZOO
wott bqllosts con be connected in porollel to opercrie one lomp. These will run lhe lomp ot obout 1400
wotls with o light output slightly less thon stoled obove.

Operotion of olher mercury lomps ot overwolloge is not recommended.

MERCURY TAMPS fOR OTHER INTERIOR LIGHTING APPIICATIONS
For interior lighting such os bonks, siores, offices, gymnosiums, librories, oudi-
of high-ceilinged oreos
toriums, ond ironsportalion terminols, considerolion should be given to lhe use of Weslinghouse Color-
tone Deluxe White mercury lomps.

Avoiloble in mosi sizes throuqh 1000 wotls, Deluxe White mercury lomps ore furnished in Lifeguord
lomp design, so os to give the user the odvontoge of the best moinloined illuminolion. ln color rendilion
the deluxe lomps ore for superior to oll olher types of mercury lomps. Allhough differing {rom incon-
descent ond fluorescent lomps in color quolilies, lhey con be iniermixed to {orm o well-blended source
of illuminoiion, if desired. Deluxe mercury lomps hove been used lo light o number of bonk buildings.
including the Crocker-Anglo Notionol Bonk ot Son Frqncisco.

ln oddition io ihe Colorlone Deluxe White mercury lomps, Colortone sfondord while mercury lomps
hove been utilized successfully to light high-ceilinged buildings. A few exomples ore the St. Louis Air-
port Terminol, ihe Detroit Willow Run Terminol. the Librory of the Agriculturol School of the Universily of
Colifornio, Librory ol Columbio University, ond hundreds of gymnosiums.

Advontoges in the use of mercury lomps for interior lighling ore long lomp life. reduced moinlenonce
requirements, qnd odditionol light per dollor. ln buildings where lhe ceiling is poriiculorly ornole,
mercury lomps of{ord greoler illuminotion wilhoui destroying lhe orchilecturol beouly of the ceiling.
Fluorescent luminoires in such instonces would hide the beouty of the ceiling becouse of iheir lorge size.
 Additionol inforrnotion is ovoiloble on requesi for oll of the
following lomp iypes.

SHORT-ARC TAMPS
Some speciolized lighting opplicotions require o light source
lhot qpproxirnotes q point source. Shorf-Arc mercury ond
mercury xenon meet this requirement ond ore now being used
in seorchlighis, speciol projectors, opticol comporolors ond
oiher types of speciolized opticol equipmeni.

GERMICIDAT TAMPS
Certdin portions of the energy produced by o low pressure
mercury dischdrge hove ihe obility to kill oir-borne bocterio
ond to ;onize the oxygen in the oir io form ozone. The Steri-
lomp ultroviolet lomp produces rodiotion centered dround
lhe 2537 Angslrom wovelength qnd is lefhol to oir-borne
bocterio. Avoiloble in q number of sizes, it is used principolly
in schools, hospitols, ond in food ond drug processing estob-
lishments. The Odoroui and cerloin types o{ Sterilomp uliro-
violet lomps olso produce rqdiotion in ihe 2537 Angshom
region but in oddition they ore designed to poss o controlleci
omount of energy ot 1849 Angstroms, which ionizes the strr-
rounding oir lo form ozone. Ozone reodily oxidizes odors ond

A freshens the oir.

RS SUN tAMP
The Westinghouse 225 wott RS Sun Lomp is the ideol source
o{ ortiTiciol sunlight for sunlonning or production of Viiomin D.
No ouxiliory equipment or speciol fixiures ore required in
! order to enioy its benefifs. The lomp will operote when
screwed inlo ony stondord (mediurnl socket which is connected
to o il0-125 volt 50 to 60 cycle supply. lt consists of d
mercury orc iube ond builFin filoment bollosi ossembled in
on R40 oluminized refiector bulb, ond thus ii provides o well-
bolqnced blend of ultroviolet, visible ond infrored energy. The
overoge life of this lomp is 250 hours ot 4 slorls per hour or
1000 hours ol 5 hours per stort.
F BTACK TIGHT
Unusuolly inleresling effecis con be obtoined by illuminoting
fluorescent moteriols with rodiotion ctt 3650 Angstroms wove-
lenctth. Such "block light" rodiotion is furnished by neorly oll

'l' cleor mercury lomps. Especiolly importont ore the i00 wott
PAR38 H4GS ond H4JM lomps, used with a filter io screen
oui visible light. Applicotions include non-deslructive inspec-
tion of metol cqstings, egg condling, food ond ulensii inspec-
iion, ond vorious lighting iechniques {or theoiricol purposes.

I ,Q'

PHOTO-CHEMICAI TAMPS
Mony chemicol reoclions qre octivoled by ultroviolel energy. ''
especiolly in the 3000-4000 Angstrom region, CIeor mercury i
'I

lomps produce lorge quontities of ultroviolet energy in this I

port of ihe spectrum ond so ore ideolly suited for such oppli-
coiions. The R5Z bulb mercury lomps ore often convenienl to
use where directionql rodiofion is required. The RS sun lomp
&
,eX6, ;

is o hondy source o{ ultrqviolet energy for lqborolory experi-

I menlotion, os it requires no bollosf. Photo-chemicol oppli-

cqtions ore quiie voried ond include the printing industry.
vitomin enrichment processes, photogrophy, polymerizotion,
:;i
ffi
!+3
hologenotion, etc.
F<:
e;3Z
-
 :- ,1.: r-i_ i :-- :.::r:..:l

Belleville, N. J. liltle Rock, Ark. Reform, Alq.

Bloomfield, N. J. Owensboro, Ky, Richmond, Ky.

Fqirmonl, W. Vq, Poris, Texos Trenton, N. J,

a. ;:lr: . ;"i':.:iil!i.: < _i l :::i iiiL ji.;-::!:

{5oo Chanbl.., Go.) MEMPhI5 3, TENN. 825 Exchoie€ B ds., -IACK5ON 6 35!6

50I Sr. Pall Plo.o, PTAZA 2 0300 r ltwauKEf 2, wls. 538 N. Eroodwoy, BROADWAY 6-1400

30 Brishton Sl., TVANHOE / 6020 MINNEAPOL S ]6, MINN. 35ol Sourh H ehwoy rO0, WAINUT 7 8851

BOSTON, MASS. l5e.8.lnont, Morr,) NEWAR( 5, N, ], 555 South Sir€€1, MITcHELt 3 2115

5O7l Psochrr€e lnd. 3lvd., GIENDALE 7 3lll NF\{ ORIEANS I9, TA. 400 N, Corol ,on ,Ave, HLJNTER 6 6l'11

NEW YORX ]7, N. Y. ,105 lerinsron AYe, WN IEHAII 3 -1321

CNARTOT'IE 2, N. C. 20Ol W Morehead St., FRANKL N 7-3.171

,\.(hondi.e Mo.i ozo, WHlTEHAtt,l 3g60 OMAHA 2, N EBR. rl7 N l3ih sr., aTrANTlc7793
cHtcAGo 54, LLr. P

PI]IIADEIPI] A !, PA 1300 Be monr AYe., TRINITY I 1300

ctNc NNATI 15, OHtO 2380 G enddl€.,qiford Rd., PRINCETON 1 5600

I P TISBIJRGN 30, PA. 306 fourrh AYe, EXPREsS I 2300

ctEvEtAND I3, OHIO 55 P!bli. Squore, CHERRY 7600

F]CNMOND ]9, VA ,100 W. Srood Si., MIITON 3 6927

OATTAS 3/, TEXAS l3-100 Hd,ry Hlnes Bvd., CHAPEI 7 3l0l

32 N. oin 5i., DAIDw N 6-?511 NICHMOND HILT I3, N, Y a7 7l tetl.ns BlYd , VlRG NIA 7 9800
DAY'ION OHIO
',
w.5lh Ave., KEYSToNE,I'8121 ROCNESTER, N. Y, 7l I Ex.honqe Sr., BAKER 5.3900
DENVER N, COTO 55
sAN TRANCtSCO 3. CAtlF. ,110 surh Si., ExBROOK r 5353
DETROT32,ttctl 5752 Trunbul Av.., P. O. 502, TR NITY 2 7010

5AN TORENIO, CATIF. 2222 Gta^1 At.,, P. O. Boi 67, SROWN NG 6 1300
HARTFORD 3, CONN, I I9 Ann st , CHAPET 6 5l'41

sEAtTtl 9, wAsH. l05l FlBt Ave., So!t[, MUIUAL 2 3550

HOUSION 2, TEXAS 507 Do los Ave., CAPIIO! ,1 7791

sT. LOUTS T, MO. 4ll Norrh 7th si., cARFIEID i 69ll

INDIANAPOI 5 2, ND. l560 Srod;um Driv6, METROSE 2 3301

XANSAS CIIY MO ,i13,{ fronl 5r,, HU/,^BOtDT 3 471 I P o 3or l06l. Arr.rio Rd.aCourrSi. Rd., NE/ttPSTEAD 7 3-172
'0,
IITTIE ROC(, ARX, Woodrow & Rooiev€ t Rdr., FRANKLIN 5 2.{71 233! E. -16rh Sr, tUDIOW 3102/

IOS ANGELES, CA T IF, WASHINGTON 6. D. C. r625 K. Sr., N. W , NA',ltONAr 3 88!3