Service Manual of Wheel Loader

CONTENTS
0 SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................... 0-1
01 PREFACE ........................................................................................................... 0-1
02 SAFETY ............................................................................................................. 0-1
021 Safety tips.................................................................................................. 0-2
022 Safety regulations during repair and maintenance ................................... 0-4
023 Service position......................................................................................... 0-5
024 Safety of hoisting and support .................................................................. 0-6
025 Other safety precautions ........................................................................... 0-7
03 ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................ 0-17
031 Waste treatment ....................................................................................... 0-17
032 Working in polluted environments.......................................................... 0-19
033Decontamination after accidents.............................................................. 0-20
Service Manual of Wheel Loader

0 Safety &environment
01 Preface
This manual is a part of the whole Service Manual of
Wheel Loader. Please carefully read it.

Warning: Be sure to read the part about safety

in this manual before operations.
Safety is related to everyone
Always abide by the instructions in the Operation and
Maintenance Manual attached to the machine.
SDLG designs and manufactures safe and efficient
machines. However, if the operators using the
Company’s machines fail to carefully read the safety
operation instructions or fail to follow the rules
thereof, or use the tools not supposed to be used for
the operations of the project, all our previous efforts
will be wasted.
To keep the machine’s functions safe and efficient, the
appropriate spare parts (authentic products
manufactured by Shandong Lingong Construction
Machinery Co., Ltd. (SDLG)) specially designed for
this machine should always be used. If the spare parts
that are not authentic products manufactured by
Shandong Lingong Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
are used, the Company (Shandong Lingong
Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.) shall not be
responsible for the damaged machines arising
therefrom or make any warranty compensations.
When the workers have safety awareness and the
machines are properly maintained, the safety and
efficiency can be ensured and benefits can be brought
in.
In the event of noncompliance with the safety
operation instructions and paying no attention to the
precautions of the manual, the operator himself should
ensure that his operation methods are safe and reliable.
Otherwise, there will be a risk of accidents.
02 Safety
Shandong Lingong Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
will only be liable for the following situations:
correctly using and maintaining the machine according
to the instructions in the Service Manual of Wheel
Loader and Operation and Maintenance Manual.
- Specified maintenance and checking are carried
out within the specified time intervals.
- Abide by the instructions in the manual on the
lubrication of machines.
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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
- No safe sealing elements are opened by the
unauthorized person.
All the maintenance and repair are conducted in the
manner as specified by the Company (SDLG)
Only the original authentic parts, accessories or
additional devices that conform to the requirements of
the Company (SDLG) are used.
021 Safety tips
In the process of assembling and disassembling, the
wrong operation methods will cause damaged parts,
reduced service life and deteriorated use performance.
Meanwhile, there are unsafe factors. Therefore, please
carefully read the relevant contents of the manual
during the assembling and disassembling of the parts.
1. The parameters, graphics and relevant contents, etc.
are applicable to products with standard configuration
in the manual. As for the deformed products, please
consult the Company or refer to relevant information.
2. In the repair workshop, places should be set up for
assembling and disassembling and for the exclusive or
special use by the disassembled parts. Put the
corresponding tools and parts in the appropriate
places. In the meantime, ensure the tidiness of the
operation area and that the operation area has no
greasy dirt or contaminants. Smoke in the specified
smoking place. No smoking during the operations.
Corresponding fire extinguishing apparatus should be
equipped.
3. The welding operations should be carried out by the
well-trained personnel experienced in welding. Before
welding, turn off the start switch of engine, remove the
battery cable and ensure the safety of various kinds of
pipelines, sealing elements and cables. During the
operation, welding gloves, baffle, goggles, operation
helmet and other uniforms suitable for welding
operations should be used.
4. Before removing the parts of the loader, the
contaminants on its outer surface must be cleaned up,
so as to avoid the contaminated parts during the
disassembling.
5. In the process of operations, wear safety shoes and
safety helmets. Wear the uniform that conforms to the
requirements and do up the buttons. To strike the parts
with copper bar, wear goggles.
6. When the removed parts are cleaned up, gasoline,
kerosene and water-base grease cleanser can be used.
7. During the use of traveling crane or other hoisting
equipment, first check whether relevant hoisting
appliances are damaged. The hoisting equipment with

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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
a sufficient hoisting capacity must be used. During the
hoisting operation, slowly hoist according to the
designated hoisting position so as to avoid collision
between parts. Do not work under the hoisted parts.
8. When the operation is to be conducted by two or
more people, the operation procedures should be
agreed to be mutually complied with before the
operation, so as to avoid the occurrence of accidents
due to inconsistent pace.
9. Be sure to properly keep all the serviceable tools
and get familiar with their application methods.
10. During the alignment of two holes, do not insert
the finger or other parts of the body into the holes. As
for the parts to be directly assembled by hands, be sure
to note whether the position held by the hand is at risk
of being squeezed.
11. The removed parts must be detected. The parts
whose operational performance has been affected must
be replaced with new ones.
12. After each part is assembled, there should be any
interference.
13. In the process of assembling oil seals and seal
rings, if they pass through key grooves, screw holes
and steps, relevant protective measures should be
taken, so as to avoid damaged oil seals and seal rings.
14. During the assembling of the parts, the tools used
must match the threaded fasteners, so as to avoid
damaged the threaded fasteners.
15. To tighten the joint body and the screw plug, such
tightening tools as pneumatic wrench should not be
used. Be sure to tighten the said parts with hand to
some extent and then fasten them with torque wrench
of corresponding specifications, so as to reach
corresponding torque value.
16. As it is impossible to foresee all the potential
dangers, the instructions on safety in the manual and
on the machine cannot include all the safety
preventive measures. In the event of carrying out the
steps and operations not recommended in the manual,
be sure that others and you are safe and the machine
will not be damaged. In the event of uncertainty on the
safety of some operations, please consult with the
Company or the dealers.
17. The parts of rack or rope ladder to be pressed by
foot or held by hand should be free from mud or
greasy dirt. To get on and get off the vehicle, handrail
and rope ladder should be used. Never jump up and
down. If the handrail and rope ladder cannot be used,
the steps provided at the safe foot hold can be used
instead.
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 Service Manual of Wheel Loader
Fig. 0-1 Reading Operation and
Maintenance Manual before operations precautions on the operations and maintenance.
18. To disassemble the screw plugs with hydraulic
pressure, slowly loosen the screw plug so as to prevent
oil liquid from splashing; to remove the pipelines with
pressure, the pressure of the pipelines should be
eliminated first.
19. After the engine just shut down, the temperature of
the oil or water in the pipeline is quite high. During
the disassembling of pipelines with oil or water,
relevant work should be carried out after the
temperature reduces.
20. To disassemble the oil way, be sure to prevent the
overflow of fuel and hydraulic oil. If the fuel and
hydraulic oil are accidentally dropped on the surface
of the parts in the process of disassembling, they
should be wiped immediately, so as to avoid the
occurrence of potential safety hazards in the process of
disassembling.
21. All the various hydraulic pipelines, air pipes and
corresponding pipe joints removed must be properly
provided with measures to prevent contamination. For
example, various kinds of hydraulic pipeline joints
removed must be properly wrapped with clean plastic
bags or other feasible preventive measures can also be
adopted.
22. To fasten each bolt connecting part, as for the parts
fastened with many bolts, it is best to mark on the
fastened bolts so as to looseness.
022 Regulations for safety during the
repair and maintenance
Note: See the Operation and Maintenance
Manual attached to the vehicle for the safety
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 Service Manual of Wheel Loader
023 Service position
1. Place the machine on the horizontal and hard
surface as shown below:

Fig. 0-2 Service position

1. Place the attachments horizontally on the ground.
2. Turn off the engine and remove the ignition key.
3. Relieve the pressure in the pressurized pipelines and oil tank, so as to release the high pressure
and prevent the accidents.

Warning: If the pressure is not reduced before the hydraulic system opens, the
hydraulic oil will be ejected under high pressure and it might cause severe personal injuries and
accidents.
4. Connect the yellowish-black warning flags (in the U.S.A., red warning flags might be used) to
the steering wheel.
5. The frame locking lever has been connected.
6. Keep the vehicle in the parking brake state and have the vehicle wedged up.
7. Turn off the isolating switch of the battery.
8. Cool down the machine.

Warning: If you must operate before the machine is cooled down, please be especially
careful with the hot liquid and machinery parts, so as to avoid being burnt.

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 Service Manual of Wheel Loader
2. When maintenance is to be conducted under the
boom, it should be always supported with bracket
before operations. The bracket must be placed on the
solid and flat surface.

Warning: Note the correct position of the

support under the lifting arm! If the support is placed
near the front too much, it will be overridden when the
fixator of the auxiliary tools bends forward.

024 Safety of hoisting and support

Hoisting
1. If it is hard to remove the parts from the machine,
the following checking must be done: check whether
all the fixed bolts of the components to be removed
have been removed.
Check whether there are other components that
prevent the components to be removed from being
removed.
2. Steel rope (can be substituted by ropes with equal
carrying capacity)
1) The steel ropes must be hoisted between the
hooks.
If they are hoisted at the end of the hook, the steel
might be off the hook during the hoisting, thus causing
severe accidents. The strength of the middle part of the
Fig. 0-4 hook is maximal as shown in Fig. 0-4.
2) Do not use only one steel rope. Two or more steel
ropes should be used to be wound around the
load.

Note: Using only one steel rope might cause the

load to revolve, the steel rope to be loosened or the
load to slide from the original winding and bundling
position during the hoisting, thus leading to dangerous
accidents.
3) When the heavy load is hoisted, the hoisting
angle of the steel rope and the hook should not be
excessively large.
Load capacity

When the load is hoisted with two or more steel ropes,

Fig. 0-5 Load capacity
the force borne by each steel rope will increase with
the increase in the hoisting angle. As shown in Fig.
0-5, when two steel ropes (the maximum vertical
hoisting weight of each steel rope is 1,000kg) are used
to hoist loads, the total weight to be hoisted is
2,000kg. When the hoisting angle is up to 120°, the
loading weight can only be up to 1,000kg. On the
other hand, when the load of 2,000kg is hoisted with
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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
two steel ropes with the 150°hoisting angle, the force
to be borne will be up to 4,000kg.

Support
Place the machine at the service position and always
use jack and support equipment with sufficient
carrying capacity.
Be sure to provide support for front and rear axles in a
safe manner before carrying out other work.

Warning: When the machine is supported by

jack, do not enter the machine or walk under the
machine.
To replace the wheels and brake, always operate one
axle at a time.
Methods applicable to front axle
Elevate the machine through the working device of the
machine and use special tooling as the support.
Methods recommended for rear axle
After the machine is jacked up by the jack, support the
balance weight with special tooling and place wood
blocks between the axle and frame to prevent the rear
axle from swinging.

Note: Before lowering the machine, do not

forget to remove the wood blocks.
The machine must use the tooling and jack with
sufficient supporting capacity.
When two wheels are lifted, it is easier to rotate the
wheels so as to put the wheel nuts in place.
025 Other safety precautions
Electrical system
• Check whether the cable is scratched and ensure
that the cable will not be so damaged, which is
especially important for the cable without fuse.
For instance, the cables between the following
components:
- Battery
- Battery - starting motor
- Alternator - starting motor
- Preheating coil of the cable to the engine.
• If the cable without fuse is disconnected, ensure
that the cable has been connected and the
connection way can greatly reduce the risk of
scratched cable. The cable without fuse cannot
get close to the engine oil or the fuel hose.

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 Service Manual of Wheel Loader
• To install any optional equipment, be sure to
confirm that all the cables are connected by one
fuse and ensure that both the wiring and fixing
way can prevent the cables from being scratched.
Fuel oil, hydraulic pressure and brake system
• Check and confirm that the fuel, hydraulic
pressure and brake hose are not scratched.
Welding and grinding
In the process of any electric welding, the fire
extinguisher must be readily available.
• Welding and grinding can only be carried out on
the cleaned parts of the machine, except for those
parts with inflammable liquid, such as oil tank
and hydraulic pipe. If those parts with
inflammable liquid are to be welded and ground,
please be particularly careful.
• If the surface with paint is required to be welded,
the paint must be removed first. Welding the
surface with paint will not only produce harmful
gas, but also cause poor welding, and even result
Fig. 0-6 Do not stand beside the tires in faults and eventually lead to the accidents.
during the inflation
• Utilize personal protective equipment. If
conditions permit, the toxic gas produced in the
welding and grinding can be removed with the
exhaustion fan.
Precautions for tires

Warning: To inflate the tires installed on the

split rim, it might cause explosion, thus leading to
severe damage.
Inflation
• To inflate the tire installed on the split rim, do not
stand beside on one side of the tire. During the
inflation, you may stand outside the dangerous
area by using the air nozzle that can be
automatically locked and one hose that is long
enough.
• Confirm that no one is standing in the dangerous
area during the inflation of the tire.
• Check the tire pressure when the machine is
under no load.
• The spare tire should only be inflated to keep the
rim components in place.
• To inflate the tires, one box and one rope or chain
should be used to fix the loosened wheels. Before
dismantling the box, check whether the tire is
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 Service Manual of Wheel Loader
correctly installed on the rim.
• After inflating the tire, do not adjust the side ring
and clamping ring.
• If the pressure of the tires installed on the vehicle
is less than 80% of the normal pressure, and the
rims or tires are suspected to have been damaged,
the tires should be removed for inflation at this
time.
Installation of tire and rim
• Only the well-trained technicians can treat the
tires.
• To remove the tires from the rims, first deflate
the tires.
• If the tires and the rims do not match, such tires
cannot be installed on such rims.
• Never assemble the rim components of different
dimensions. Never use damaged or inoperative
components.
• If you use the repaired wheel parts, you should be
very careful. The inoperative or wrong welding,
heating or welding might damage component
strength.
• Before installing the locking rings, be sure to
confirm that the locking rings in the rims have no
dirt or dust.
• To install tires on the rims, the lubricant
recommended by the tire manufacturers should
be used.
Repairing tire and rim
• Do not cut, weld or heat the wheel components.
• Be careful to use wheel bead breaker and
hydraulic jack. To remove the foreign matters
from the tires, be sure to stand outside the
dangerous area. Loosening the wheel bead
breaker is very dangerous, which might result in
sever personal injuries and lead to death.
Safety during the operation of battery

Fig. 0-7 Corrosive sulfuric acid

Warning: Danger! Severe corrosion.
The battery has sulfuric acid and it is highly corrosive
to human body and machinery parts.
In all the work involving the vehicle battery, the
mixture of such explosive gas and the corrosive
sulfuric acid is very dangerous.
Therefore, during the operations of battery, please
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 Service Manual of Wheel Loader
carefully read and abide by the following regulations.
During the operation of the battery, please abide by
these instructions:
• The battery will release explosive gases. Do not
smoke near the battery.
• At the time of disassembling the battery, first
disconnect the ground wire. During the installation of
battery, connect the ground wire at last.
• Never excessively tilt one battery, as the
electrolyte of battery may flow out.
• Do not install the battery discharging massively
and the full charged battery in series, as such act is in
danger of explosion.
• Do not let metals (such as tools, ring and watch)
contact the battery terminal, as it is at risk of fire and
personal injuries.
• When working near the battery, cover the top of
the battery with one piece of cloth or other
nonconductors.
• Always install the caps for battery terminal.
• As the battery has substances harmful to health
and environment, the battery must be discarded
according to relevant local/national regulations.
Battery charging
Explosion hazard
When the battery is charging, the explosive hydroxide
mixture will form. The short circuit, open fire or spark
near the battery will result in explosion. Before the
disconnection of charging clamp, please first turn off
the charging current. When the battery is in an
enclosed space, please keep it well ventilated.

Warning: Danger! Sever corrosion.

Corrosive sulfuric acid
The battery electrolyte includes corrosive sulfuric
acid. After the electrolyte is splashed on the exposed
skin, the electrolyte should be immediately washed.
Wash the affected parts with soapy water and plenty of
water. If the electrolyte is splashed into the eye or any
sensitive part of the body, they should be washed with
plenty of water and checked by doctors.
Starting with power battery

Note: Check whether the booster battery pack or

any other power supplies have the same voltages with
Fig. 0-8 Wear goggles and gloves at risk of the machine’s battery pack.
contacting refrigerator
Warning: If one fully charged battery is
connected to one battery running out of power, the
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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
battery will explode due to current surges, thus
causing personal injuries.
During the starting with the power battery, please
abide by these steps:
1. Open the engine hood.
2. Open the battery cover.
3. Turn off the battery switch.
4. Do not disconnect the battery cable of the
machine.
5. Remove the end cap from the battery terminal.
6. Connect the anode cable from the booster battery
or other power supplies to the positive terminal of
the battery pack.
7. Connect the cathode cable from the booster
battery to the engine cylinder.
8. Turn on the battery switch.
9. Start the engine with the ignition switch in the
cab.
10. If the alternator is charging, remove the jump
start cable from the earth point and the negative
terminal of booster battery. Then remove the
jump start cable between the positive terminals.

Note: If the alternator is not charged, turn off

the machine with switch and check the cause.
11. Recover the machine.
Safety in the process of disposing of engine oil and
fuel

Warning: Danger! Burning. Use protective

gloves.
• When replacing the hydraulic oil, engine oil and
transmission oil: remember that the oil liquid is
very hot, as it may cause burns.
• Engine oil, transmission oil, hydraulic oil and
diesel can corrode the mucosa, such as eye, throat
and skin. Therefore, be sure to keep those
sensitive body parts away from engine oil.
• When discharging the engine oil or fuel, be sure
to take measures to avoid unnecessary splashing.
The places where the oil liquid cannot be
collected with containers, the suction pump
should be used or a hose should be connected as
the safety measures. Arbitrary release of engine

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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
oil and fuel not only is harmful to the
environment, but also might lead to fire.
• The wasted oil liquid should be disposed of by
the authorized company.
• Keep fire hazards in mind!
Safety during the operation of air-conditioner
refrigerant
Overview
When it is required to turn on the air conditioning
system, the maintenance and the further work should
be carried out by professionals. Get familiar with and
abide by the administrative provisions of your country.
Refrigerant R134a is used for air condition unit.
The label will mark out the type of refrigerant and the
filling quantity.

Note: R134a will increase the greenhouse

effect; therefore, do not release R134a on purpose.
Personal protection facilities
At risk of skin contacting the refrigerant, please use:
Tighten goggles and protective gloves and protect
other naked skins (in danger of frostbite).
Danger

Warning: These odorless and tasteless gases

will hurt the lungs even under the low concentration.
In the event of incorrect treatment, refrigerant R134a
will cause severe personal injuries and environmental
hazards. Therefore, be very careful when operating the
air condition unit! In order to avoid the harm to the
personnel contacting the refrigerant, please observe
the following rules:

Warning: Danger! Frostbite. Use protective

gloves.
• The liquid refrigerant will cause frostbites.
• Gaseous refrigerant of low concentration has
certain effects, especially on the nervous
system.
• Gaseous refrigerant of high concentration has
anesthetic effects.
• The air condition unit is of high voltage and the
refrigerant will unintentionally leak. Do not
disconnect the hose or remove the filler plug on
the compressor.
If you have doubt about the leakage, you should
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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
contact one maintenance station and have
professionals eliminate the faults and repair.
• The refrigerant gas is heavier than the air and
sink to the ground. Therefore, ensure that any
escaped gas has been spilled out before you carry
out low-position operations.
Smoking, welding or other open fires are prohibited in
the working places with operations of refrigerant. The
refrigerant gas will burn and form one kind of toxic
gas. It is very dangerous to inhale such gas. The gas
formed under high concentration after heating the
refrigerant will emit one kind of pungent odor.
The symptoms might occur after the exposure to the
gas for several hours (might be as long as 24 hours).
Actions taken during the accidents
Inhalation
In the event of doubt about escaped gas, please leave
immediately and move the affected personnel to the
place with fresh air. The vapor of a small amount of
refrigerant R134a will have certain impact, especially
on the nervous system. When the amount is large,
there will be anesthetic effects. In the severe cases,
immediately seek for medical aid.
Skin exposure
In the event of frostbites, wash with warm water. If a
large amount of liquid refrigerants contact the
unprotected skin, the damaged area should be kept
warm with warm water or warm cloth. If the
symptoms continue, immediately seek for medical aid.
Splashing into eyes
Wash with warm water until the stimulation
disappears. Otherwise, immediately seek for medical
aid.
Safety during the operations of energy accumulator
Only professional servicemen are allowed for
operations.

Warning: If the pressure is not reduced before

the system opens, the engine oil will be ejected under
high pressure and it might cause severe personal
injuries.
The pressure of the system should be first relieved
before the energy accumulator is removed from the
machine.
Some energy accumulators will still have pressure
even if removed from the machine, namely the
so-called precharge pressure. Therefore, be very
careful when treating and carrying out operations on

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 Service Manual of Wheel Loader
the energy accumulator.
Before taking any measures for the energy
accumulator, the precharge pressure must be reduced
to the atmospheric pressure.
Do not expose the energy accumulator to the high
temperatures. Do not handle it roughly.

Warning: The discarded energy accumulator

without perforation might still have high pressure. Be
extremely careful during the disposal.
The pressure of the discarded energy accumulator
should be relieved before being crushed so as to avoid
explosion.
Safety issues of the hydraulic system
The hydraulic system in the loader runs at a very high
pressure. To avoid severe personal injuries,
maintaining the hydraulic system in a correct manner
is very important, namely all the personnel contacting
the machine should be very careful and pay close
attention to any defects.
Please abide by the following regulations in order to
avoid accidents.
Overview
• The relief valve should not be adjusted to the
pressure level higher than that recommended by
the manufacturer.
• The expanded hydraulic hose (at the junction for
instance) indicates that it is about to break and
requires the replacement of hose as soon as
possible! Pay attention to the leakage of hydraulic
hose and junctions. Have the hose repaired before
Fig. 0-9 the parts are broken!
• The energy accumulator should be punched
before disposal in case of explosion.

Warning: If the pressure is not reduced before

the system opens, the engine oil will be ejected under
high pressure and it might cause severe personal
injuries.
Pressure relief
After the engine shuts down, the system will have
accumulated pressure left. Prior to loosening or
opening the hose connections of the hydraulic system
or the brake system, the remaining pressure in the
system must be released.
In the case where the engine shuts down, release the
pressure used to lower the energy accumulator of the
lifting arm by moving the lifting lever back and forth
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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
for several times.
• All the booster tanks/containers should be
carefully opened so as to release the remaining
pressure.
• Only when the pressure of the system is
completely relieved can the joints and
connections of the leaking pipe be checked to see
whether they are fastened.

Warning: The hydraulic hose under high

pressure might cause severe damages. The ejected and
splashed liquid on the naked skin will be very
penetrating.
• In the process of checking leakage, use steel
plates or hard board. Do not check it with hands.
Checking after experiencing fires or high heat
• As one preventive measure, the sealing ring
(O-ring or axle/shaft seal) should be always
regarded as being made of fluorous rubber and
please refer to the part of fluorous rubber.

Warning: Clean up the machine burnt by fire

and avoid splashed water! Therefore, do not use
high-pressure cleaning.
• When the burnt the elements or components
might contact the melt polymer, do not directly
contact them with hands. First wash them with a
large amount of whitewash (a kind of aqua calcis
or suspension liquid).
• Use protective gloves made of thicker rubber and
wear goggles so as to protect your eyes.
• If your skin might contact the burnt fluorous
rubber, please seek for medical aid. The skin
should be treated with hydrofluoric acid burn
cream or similar medicine. The symptoms might
occur a few hours later after directly contacting
the burnt fluorous rubber.
• Discard the protective gloves, cloth and other
objects that might directly contact the burnt
fluorous rubber.
• During the operations, keep well ventilated.
• When the eyes are subjected to irritation,
immediately wash them with running water for at
least 15min. Then seek for medical treatment.
Harm of paint, plastic or rubber to the health

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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
Work on the paint finish
Do not directly weld or cut the paint surface. All the
paints will be decomposed and produce a large amount
of different substances after being heated. Repeated
exposure to such environment will be very harmful to
health.
The following safety measures must be adopted:
• Polish at least 10cm paint finish around the
welding point or cutting point with abrasive paper
(please use respirator mask).
If the paint finish cannot be polished with sand paper,
it should be removed in other methods, for example,
paint remover.

Note: If the paint finish is to be removed with

the paint remover, you should use an exhaust fan and
properly wear the mask with respirator and the
protective gloves.
• The paint finish of the grinding machine with
high-speed millstone will also be heated; therefore, it
can only be used when equipped with the exhaust fan.
Meanwhile, be sure to wear a mask or other tools for
respiratory protection.
Rubber and plastic

Warning: When the rubber and plastic are

being heated, they will emit substances harmful to
health and environment.
The following safety rules must be observed:
• If no heat insulation measures are taken, no
welding or cutting with the flame projector near
the polyester materials (plastic or rubber) should
be allowed.
• Do not burn the polymeric materials at the time
of scraping them.
• The machine after suffering from fire or high heat
should be carefully treated.
• Always use gloves, goggles and masks, or other
respiratory protection equipment.
Fluorous rubber

Warning: Danger! Severe corrosion.

Warning: The heated fluorous rubber will
generate fluorine and hydrogen. The inhalation of such
gases will corrode the respiratory tract.
Some sealing elements designed to withstand high
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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
temperature (i.e. sealing elements in the engine,
transmission, axle, brake, hydraulic motor and
hydraulic pump) are made of fluorous rubber. After
being heated to high temperature, they will generate
hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid.
Fluoric acid is strongly acidic and corrosive. The
fluoric acid on the skin cannot be washed away and it
will result in severe burns and corrosive injuries. It
will require a long time to get recovered. As a general
principle, the injured issues must be removed with
surgery.
The fluoric acid will remain on the machine
components for a long time (up to a few years) after
the fires.

Note:
Symptoms might occur a few hours later after
contacting the hydrofluoric acid.
In the event of swell, rubedo or burn and suspecting
that such symptoms are caused by the contact with
fluorous rubber subjected to high temperature, seek for
medical advice immediately.
If one machine or one component is subjected to fires
or other intense heat, it should be only treated by the
specially-trained servicemen.
As to operations on all the machines after the fires,
strong rubber gloves and effective protective glasses
should be used.

Warning: The burning of paint parts and

plastic/rubber parts is harmful to the health.
Decontamination
In the event of doubt about the highly heated parts
made of fluorous rubber, thoroughly wash the parts
with plenty of whitewash (a kind of solvent of calcium
hydroxide or suspension liquid). After the
decontamination, wash the gloves in the whitewash
and then have them discarded.

03 Environment
031 Waste treatment
The following steps should be followed in the process
of disposing of rubbish and wastes:
Reuse
It is the best from the perspective of environmental
protection.
Material recycling
Material recycling is a good means of environmental
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protection during the use of new products.
Energy recovery
To burn the inflammable materials as the fuel at the
time of failing to recycle materials is a good treatment
method.
Destruction
This method can be used for hazardous wastes. The
destruction must be carried out at special places.
Deposition
As the worst method from the viewpoint of
environmental protection, the destruction should be
avoided as much as possible.
Storage
It is a temporary measure. Treatment should be
conducted after appropriate recycling technologies are
developed.
Treatment of environmental protection
Always select the most appropriate method for the
environmental protection. If possible, use biochemical
oil for instance.
Always abide by the national and local environmental
regulations.
All the wastes should be handed over to the waste
treatment company authorized by the authorities for
disposal.
Engine oil and liquid
The engine oil or liquid that cannot be reused, for
example, cooling liquid, should be collected by the
airtight container and left with the destruction
department for treatment.
Filter
The engine oil and fuel filter should be drained and
put into the airtight container and then handed over to
the destruction department for treatment.
Refrigerant R134a
Refrigerant R134a including the substances that affect
the greenhouse effects should not be released into the
atmosphere. It should be recycled.
Battery

Warning: Danger! Severe corrosion.

The battery contains substances harmful to the
environment and corrosive sulfuric acid. It should be
handed over to the recycling department.
Chemicals
Chemicals, paint, glue and cleanser, etc. should be left
with the recycling department for treatment or
destruction.
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Rubber and plastic
Rubber materials and plastic components should not
be burnt. They should be handed over to the recycling
department.
The tires should be treated according to the special
regulations.
Electronic elements
The electrical appliance and electronic wastes, such as
circuit board and bulb, should be handed over to the
recycling department.
Liquid harmful to the environment
Note that whether fuel, engine oil and other liquids are
leaked from the machine.
Take appropriate measures to immediately seal the
leakage and try to eliminate the contamination of the
polluted places.
Engine oil and fuel
In the process of emptying/discharging engine oil/fuel,
be sure to take appropriate measures to prevent
unnecessary splashing. Please use pump or hose at the
places unable to use discharging containers.
Air conditioning equipment
Refrigerant R134a including the substances that affect
the greenhouse effects should not be released into the
atmosphere.
The servicemen treating the refrigerant must get
familiar with the relevant legal regulations of the
country concerned and the international rules.
It is recommended that all the servicemen targeted at
the maintenance of air conditioning should be trained
first. Many countries require these servicemen to carry
out such work with the certificates issued by the
authorities.
032 Work in the pollution environment
When the machine is operating in the polluted
environments or the places harmful to the health,
special equipment should be equipped for operations
in such environments.
After the operations in the polluted environments with
asbestos or other toxic dust, the used cab and engine
air filter must be placed in the airtight plastic bag and
handed over to the destruction department for
treatment.
Decontamination
Carry out decontamination as soon as possible, as
some substances will spread to the environment very
quickly.
Decontamination after leakage/splashing
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Service Manual of Wheel Loader
Collect the leaked engine oil or fuel with appropriate
absorbing materials, such as absorbent pad.
Be sure to prevent the leaked engine oil/fuel from
being discharged into the sewer with the
rainwater/flood.
The polluted soil and materials on the ground must be
removed and collected in the appropriate containers.
The collected soil and absorbing materials should be
left with the destruction department for treatment.
033 Decontamination after the accidents
If possible, the leakage on the machine should be
sealed.
Isolate the places with leakage with drainage barriers.
Increase absorbing materials, such as absorbing or
sawdust.
Prevent the leaked liquid from being discharged into
the sewer with the rainwater/flood.
Collect the absorbing materials and soil floating layer
and place them into the airtight containers and
transported to the destruction department.
Decontamination after the fire
First put out the fire.
Dispose according to the decontamination measures
after the accidents.

Note: Pay close attention to the toxicity of some

substances after being caught on fire.

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