Analyze the waves behavior in guided mediums and radiation

Course: Electromagnetic Theory

Presented by:
Andrés Gómez

Group:

Tutor:
WILMER HERNAN GUTIERREZ

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OPEN AND DISTANCE

"UNAD"
Popayán-Cauca
2018
Each student in the group has to answer the following questions
using academic references to support the research:
1. What is the practical implications associated to a line with only
reactive components or only resistive components?
2. In a practical transmission system. What is a good value for the
reflection coefficient and the VSWR? Explain.
3. What occurs with the voltage and current in a line with the
following conditions: line terminated in its characteristic
impedance, line terminated in a short and line terminated in an
open?
4. What is the voltage reflection coefficient and what is an ideal value
for a transmission system?
5. What is the effect of Lossy line on voltage and current waves?
6. In the Smith Chart identify a 𝑍𝐿 =∝, a 𝑍𝐿 = 0, two resistive loads
and two complex loads. You have to assume the characteristic
impedance.

2𝑚𝐻
2. A transmission line has the following parameters:𝐿 = ,
𝑘𝑚
𝐶 = 45 𝑛𝐹/𝑘𝑚, 𝐺 = 1.2𝜇𝑆/𝑘𝑚 and𝑅 = 4Ω/𝑘𝑚. It has a generator
supplying 200𝑉 𝑟𝑚𝑠 at 𝜔 = 5 𝑥 103 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 and in series with a
resistance of200Ω. The load has an impedance of 300Ω. Find the
input voltage and current.

First, let's look at the distribution of the circuit:

To find the input voltage and current, we find 𝑍0 the characteristic impedance of the line:

Using the formula:

𝑅 + 𝑗𝑤𝐿
𝑍0 = √
𝐺 + 𝑗𝑤𝐶

Replacing data we obtain:

Where:

𝑍0 , is the characteristic impedance in ohms,

𝑅, is the resistance of the line in ohms per unit length,

𝐶, is the capacitance of the line in farads per unit length,

𝐿, is the inductance of the line in henries per unit length,

𝐺, is the conductance of the dielectric in siemens per unit of length,

𝜔, is the angular frequency = 2πf, where f is the frequency in hertz,

𝑗, it's an imaginary factor

(4𝛺 / 𝑘𝑚) + 𝑗(5𝑥103 𝑟𝑎𝑑/ 𝑠)(2𝑚𝐻 / 𝑘𝑚)

𝑍0 = √
(1.2𝜇𝑆 / 𝑘𝑚) + 𝑗(5𝑥103 𝑟𝑎𝑑/ 𝑠)(45 𝑛𝐹 / 𝑘𝑚)

𝑍0 = 0.2108

Now we calculate the input impedance, for this we assume that there is a short circuit in
Z_L and therefore there will be no impedance, as we do not have the value of the electrical
length then
𝑍𝐿 = 𝑍0
From there we developed the voltage divider:
𝑍0
𝑉𝑖𝑛 = 𝑉𝑔
𝑍𝑔 + 𝑍0

Replacing we have:
0.2108
𝑉𝑖𝑛 = (200𝑉 𝑟𝑚𝑠) = 0.1404
300 + 0.2108
With this we calculate the current that circulates through the line by the law of ohm:
𝑉𝑖𝑛 0.1404
𝐼= = = 0.6661
𝑍0 0.2108