1.

Constraint (work with some very tight constraints)

2. Catalyst (catalyst for the civil rights movement)
3. Advocate (unwilling to advocate for the cause in the public)
 She advocates taking a more long-term view.

 He advocates the return of capital punishment.

4. Economical (favor an economical style of writing)

5. Elaborate (replaced his carpet with an elaborate one)

 精心計劃（或製作）的；詳盡的；複雜的 (adj)

 They're making the most elaborate preparations for the wedding.

6. Irrefutable
7. Anomaly (found an anomaly in the data)
 The anomaly of the social security system is that you sometimes have more money

without a job.
8. Analogous (analogous to that of the printing press)
9. Impermeable
10. Serene (I’d never seen him so serene)
 peaceful and calm; worried by nothing

 She has a lovely serene face.

11. Embryonic (is in an embryonic stage)

12. Autonomous
13. Egotist

 自我主義者/自高自大者

 Politicians are notorious egotists.

14. Laborious (the most laborious job)

 耗時費力的

15. Mundane
 Mundane matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest her.

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16. Lethargic (make a person more lethargic than)
 having little energy; feeling unwilling and unable to do anything

 I was feeling tired and lethargic

17. Weary

 very tired, especially after working hard for a long time/(weary of)對…感到厭倦的

 I think he's a little weary after his long journey.

 I've been going out with the same people to the same places for years and I've just
grown weary of it.
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18. Mesmerize (many viewers were mesmerized)
 to have someone's attention completely so that they cannot think of anything else

 I was completely mesmerized by the performance.

19. Enthrall (so enthralled by the movie that)

 The baseball game completely enthralled the crowd.

20. Hypnotize
 to keep your attention so strongly that you feel unable to move or look away

 I was hypnotized by his steely grey eyes.

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21. Paragon (is the paragon for basketball players)
 In the novel, Constanza is a paragon of virtue.

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22. Archaic
23. Anachronism (Edward was a walking anachronism)

 時代錯誤，年代誤植，不合時代的人（或物）

 For some people, marriage is an anachronism from the days when women needed to
be protected.
24. Antiquated (had antiquated notions about marriage)

 陳舊的；過時的；老式的

 It will take many years to modernize these antiquated industries.

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25. Malleable

 具延展性的；易變形的/易受外界影響的；可塑的；易被控制的

 He had an actor's typically malleable features.

 Europe saw its colonies as a source of raw material and a malleable workforce
26. Docile (are considerably more docile than)
 The once docile population has finally risen up against the ruthless regime.

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27. Crystallize
28. Tarnish (tarnished his image in the eyes of many)

 （使）變暗淡；
（使）褪色/ to make people think that someone or sth is less good
 By this time a series of scandals had severely tarnished the candidate's image/
reputation.
29. Retract
30. Embellish
 to make something more beautiful or interesting by adding something to it

 The ceiling was embellished with flowers and leaves.

 He couldn't resist embellishing the story of his accident a little.

31. Stipend
32. Abstain
33. Banish

 趕走；流放，放逐；（尤指）把（某人）驅逐出境/消除；排除

 Try to banish all thoughts of revenge from your mind.

34. Lucid
 clearly expressed and easy to understand/(of a person) thinking or speaking clearly
 She gave a clear and lucid account of her plans for the company's future.

35. Pellucid
36. Delegate (delegate many of her responsibilities to)
37. Audacity (having the audacity to)
 It took a lot of audacity to stand up and criticize the chairman.

 He had the audacity to blame me for his mistake!

38. Variance (there’s not much variance in politicians)
39. Unprecedented (unprecedented in the history of mankind)
40. Discreet
 careful not to cause embarrassment or attract too much attention, especially by

keeping something secret

 The family made discreet enquiries about his background.

41. Equitable (equitable distribution)

42. Transitory (life was not transitory)
43. Impeccable (impeccably dressed)
44. Champion

 支持，聲援；捍衛，為…鬥爭 (v)

 He has championed constitutional reform for many years.

45. Chivalrous

 （男人）有騎士風度的；（對女士）彬彬有禮的，體貼的

46. Bolster
 to support or improve something or make it stronger
 She tried to bolster my confidence/morale (= encourage me and make me feel

stronger) by telling me that I had a special talent.

47. Pristine (the lake was pristine)
 new or almost new, and in very good condition/ original and pure; not spoiled or

worn from use

48. Intimation (at first the she tried intimation)
 the action of making clear what you think or want without saying it directly, or

something that makes something clear in this way

 His suicide attempt was the first intimation that he was seriously depressed.

49. Oblique (at times he would obliquely suggest that Tom was not as innocent as he
seemed)
50. Exemplify
51. Exemplar
52. Industrious

 勤勞的，勤奮的

53. Telling (her dress was very telling when it came to her sense of fashion)
 showing the truth about a situation or showing what someone really thinks

 a telling comment

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54. Uncompromising (they were both so uncompromising)

 （尤指遭到反對時人或其信念）不妥協的，不讓步的，強硬的

 The city council has taken an uncompromising stand against the proposals for the
new building.
55. Adamant
 impossible to persuade, or unwilling to change an opinion or decision

 [ + that ] I've told her she should stay at home and rest but she's adamant that she's

coming.
56. Unyielding

 堅定的；不屈服的；固執的

 Korea is unyielding in its demands for a new treaty.

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57. Avert (to avert bankruptcy)

 防止，避免/轉移（目光、想法等）；把…轉（向別處）
 I averted my gaze/eyes while he dressed.
 We tried to avert our thoughts from our massive financial problems.

58. Cosmopolitan
59. Prevail (an air of hostility prevailed in the office)
 to get control or influence/ to be common among a group of people or area at a

particular time
 I am sure that common sense will prevail in the end.

 And did reason prevail over (= become a more powerful influence than) emotion?

 This attitude still prevails among the middle classes.

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60. Dictatorial
61. Autocratic

 獨裁的；專制的；獨斷專行的；專橫的

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62. Err (he erred in thinking that)
63. Check
64. Intermittent
65. Appreciable (there is an appreciable difference between)
66. Abysmal (abysmal performance)  very bad
67. Palatable (found their presence palatable)
 good enough to eat or drink/ If something is palatable, it is acceptable

68. Conundrum

 難題/（常以雙關妙語為答案的）謎語

 Arranging childcare over the school holidays can be a real conundrum for working
parents.
69. Diminutive (diminutive of his name)
 very small (adj)/the short form of a name (n)

 Her friends call her Margaret, never using diminutives such as Maggie.

70. Sanction

 制裁/批准，認可，准許

 The government was reluctant to sanction intervention in the crisis.

71. Indigenous
72. Start
73. Impervious (I am not impervious to your insults)

 不受影響的
 He is impervious to criticism and rational argument
74. Altruism (motivated only be altruism)

75. Sporadic (the signals were at first sporadic) 偶爾發生的,陣發性的,斷斷續續的

76. Unviable
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77. Rash

 輕率的；魯莽的；毛躁的

 [ + to infinitive ] I think it was a bit rash of them to get married when they'd only
known each other for a few weeks.
78. Reckless
 doing something dangerous and not worrying about the risks and the possible results

 He was found guilty of reckless driving.

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79. Malevolent (malevolent nature)

 惡意的；惡毒的；有害的

 The central character is a malevolent witch out for revenge.

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80. Chauvinism (man is chauvinistic in his belief that)

 沙文主義/大男人主義

 It is a deeply chauvinist community where the few women who have jobs are
ridiculed.
81. Misogynist (adj,n)
 showing feelings of hating women or a belief that men are much better than women

 She left the Church because of its misogynist teachings on women and their position

in society

82. Misanthrope 厭惡人類者；遁世者

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83. Presumption (acted under the presumption that)
84. Impede
85. Augment
 to increase the size or value of something by adding something to it

 He would have to find work to augment his income.

86. Ornate (having a lot of complicated decoration)
 a room with an ornate ceiling and gold mirrors
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87. Apathy

 無興趣，懈怠；（尤指對重要事情的）漠不關心，無動於衷 (n)

 widespread apathy among students

 voter apathy

88. Nonchalant (they acted nonchalantly towards everything) (adj)

 若無其事的；漠不關心的；毫不在乎的

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89. Empathetic
90. Implicate (the manager implicated to the hotel staff that)
 to show that someone is involved in a crime or partly responsible for something bad

that has happened

 A lot of people were implicated in the scandal

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91. Eccentric
 strange or unusual, sometimes in a humorous way

92. Iconoclastic
 strongly opposing generally accepted beliefs and traditions
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93. Defy
94. Irrevocable
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95. Zenith (at the zenith of his career)
 the best or most successful point or time

 His career reached its zenith in the 1960s.

96. Pinnacle (at its pinnacle, the Roman empire)

 極點；頂點(of a system or achievement)/（建築物的）尖頂，小尖塔；山頂

 By the age of 32 she had reached the pinnacle of her career.

 The pinnacles of the Himalayas were visible above the clouds.

97. Apex (apex of the education system)

 the highest point or most successful part of something

 He reached the apex of his career during that period

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98. Dissipate (dissipated their earnings to)
99. Squander
 to waste money or supplies, or to waste opportunities by not using them to your

advantage
 They'll quite happily squander a whole year's savings on two weeks in the sun.

100. Exorbitant (exorbitant purchase)

 Exorbitant prices, demands, etc. are much too large

101. Improvident
 not planning carefully for the future, especially by spending money in a way that is

unwise
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102. Thrifty (spending his money thriftily)
103. Frugal (Monte was no miser, but simply frugal)

 節儉的；樸素的；（食物）簡單的，廉價的

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104. Miser  someone who has a strong wish to have money and hates to spend it
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105. Irk (has a way of irking and annoying me like no other person)
 The negative reply to my complaint really irked me.

106. Affluent (multi-million dollar homes spoke of affluence)

107. Haphazard
 not having an obvious order or plan (adj)

 He tackled the problem in a typically haphazard manner.

108. Whimsical (adults look to kids and envy their whimsical nature at times)
 unusual and strange in a way that might be funny or annoying

109. Corroborate (corroborated by locals) 證實，確證

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110. Placate

 平息，安撫

 Outraged minority groups will not be placated by promises of future improvements.

111. Appease
 to prevent further disagreement in arguments or war by giving to the other side an

advantage that they have demanded

 She claimed that the govt. had only changed the law in order to appease their critics.
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112. Pith (extract the pith of what the speaker is trying to convey)
113. Muted
 showing little enthusiasm/ a muted colour is not bright.

 The idea received a muted response.

 She was dressed in muted shades of blue.

114. Cumbersome (笨重的；累贅的；低效的)  cumbersome bureaucracy

115. Unassailable (presenting each and every opinion as an unassailable fact)

116. Disingenuous
 (of a person or behavior) slightly dishonest, or not speaking the complete truth

 It was disingenuous of her to claim she had no financial interest in the case.
117. Perennial (was a perennial favorite of the fans there)
 lasting a very long time, or happening repeatedly or all the time

 The film "White Christmas" is a perennial favorite.

118. Avid
 extremely eager or interested (adj)

 He took an avid interest in the project.

119. Animosity (his animosity toward his rival was only inflamed)
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120. Decorum (the rules of decorum for)

 穩重，端莊

 As young ladies we were expected to act/behave with proper decorum.

121. Indecorous (considered indecorous in refined circles)  behaving badly or rudely
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122. Badger
 to persuade someone by telling them repeatedly to do something, or to question

someone repeatedly
 [ + into + -ing verb ] She's been badgering me into doing some exercise.

 [ + to inf] Every time we go into a shop, the kids badger me to buy them sweets.

123. Pester 不斷煩擾，糾纏

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124. Ploy
 He only said he had a meeting as a ploy to get her to leave.

125. Decimation
 the act of killing a something in large numbers, or reducing something severely
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126. Espionage (間諜活動，刺探活動)

127. Duplicity
 dishonest talk or behavior, especially by saying different things to two people

 They were accused of duplicity in their dealings with both sides.

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128. Banality (regarded sth as a mere banality)
 boring, ordinary, and not original:

 He just sat there making banal remarks all evening.

129. Cliché (n)  it is a cliche

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130. Artful (artful Ponzi scheme)
 clever and skillful, especially in getting what you want/ intelligent and skillful, esp. in

persuading, sometimes without being completely honest

 The prime minister dealt with the interviewer's questions in a very artful way
 His politics was an artful blend of high-minded patriotism and malicious gossip

about his opponents.

131. Hoodwink
 He hoodwinked us into agreeing.

132. Dupe (duped him into submitting)

133. Swindle
 to get money dishonestly from someone by deceiving or cheating them

 They swindled local businesses out of thousands of dollars

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134. Imbibe  to drink, especially alcohol/ to receive and accept information, etc.
135. Veritable

 十足的，不折不扣的；名副其實的

 My garden had become a veritable jungle by the time I came back from holiday
 The normally sober menswear department is set to become a veritable kaleidoscope
of colour this season.
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136. Disgrace

 使丟臉，使蒙羞，使沒面子

 You have disgraced us all with your behavior.

137. Degrade (publicly degrading the poor girl)

 貶低/損害
 Pornography degrades women.
 Every day the environment is further degraded by toxic wastes.

138. Demean (become demeaning)

 羞辱，貶低

 The entire family was demeaned by his behavior.

 I wouldn't demean myself by asking my parents for money.

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139. Opaque (his research is opaque to most ppl)
140. Impending (the impending doom)
141. Recapitulation (i.e. recap)
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142. Resolve

 解決；解除；消除/決定；決心；決意 (v)

 [ + that ] She resolved that she would never speak to him again.
 [ + adv/prep ] After hours of argument, they resolved against taking legal action.

 [ + to infinitive ] The company resolved to take no further action against the thieves.

143. Robust

 （人或動物）強壯的，茁壯的；（東西或系統）堅固的，耐用的，結實的

144. Sturdy

 結實的，牢固的；強壯的/堅決的，堅定的

 They put up a sturdy defence of their proposal.

145. Steadfast

 長期不變的；堅定的，不動搖的 (adj)

 a steadfast friend/ally
146. Unwavering
 Never moving or looking away from something/ never changing or becoming weaker
 She met his unwavering stare

 Her belief in the project has been unwavering

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147. Jocular (was always in a jocular mood)

 有趣的/愛開玩笑的

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148. Amiable (pleasant and friendly)
149. Jovial
 (of a person) friendly and in a good mood / (of a situation) enjoyable because of

being friendly and pleasant

 He seemed a very jovial guy/ a jovial time/evening/chat

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150. Euphoria
151. Merry (adj)
152. Jubilant
 feeling or expressing great happiness, especially because of a success

 The fans were jubilant at/about/over their team's victory

153. Melancholy (Hamlet is a figure of tremendous melancholy) (adj/n)
154. Doleful (no event is more doleful than)
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155. Disheartened
 to make a person lose confidence, hope, and energy

156. Crestfallen
 disappointed and sad because of having failed unexpectedly

 He looked crestfallen at their decision.

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157. Spartan  simple and severe with no comfort
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158. Accolade (not a fan of accolade)
 He's been granted the ultimate accolade - his face on a postage stamp.

159. Commendable (deserving praise)

160. Laudable
161. Hail (hailed as the next big star)  call/praise/fall as ice
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162. Estimable (one of the more estimable ppl in town)

 值得敬重的，值得敬佩的；值得稱道的

163. Reverent (lectured about Brahms with a particular reverent air)

 showing great respect and admiration

 A reverent silence fell over the crowd

 Air: manner or appearance (He retains an almost professorial air.) (He glared at me

with an air of accusation)

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164. Cerebral
 demanding or involving careful thinking and mental effort rather than feelings
165. Precedent (this in no way established a precedent for what could be worn here)
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166. Thwart (thwarted my plan)
167. Squelch
 to stop something quickly and completely (v)

 One professor claimed that the university tried to squelch his criticisms

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168. Row
169. Discord (the team was filled with discord)
170. Tirade
 a long, angry speech expressing strong disapproval (countable n)

 She launched into an angry/furious tirade about how she had been unfairly treated

 In a furious tirade of abuse, the opposition spokesperson demanded the minister's

resignation
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171. Obtuse
 stupid and slow to understand, or unwilling to try to understand

 The answer's obvious - or are you being deliberately obtuse?

172. Unruly  an unruly class of adolescents

173. Equivocate (she equivocated when)
174. Unequivocal
 The church has been unequivocal in its condemnation of the violence

175. Base (was not so base as to)

 not showing any honor and having no morals (adj)

176. Begrudge

 羡慕；嫉妒/抱怨，發牢騷

 I don't begrudge him his freedom.

 She begrudged paying so much for an ice cream
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177. Insufferable
 The underground is insufferable in this heat.

178. Excruciating
 extremely painful/ extremely boring or embarrassing

 His confession, when it came, was excruciating.

179. Languish
 to exist in an unpleasant or unwanted situation, often for a long time (v)
 He has been languishing in jail for the past 20 years.
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180. Preemptive

181. Credulity (wide-eyed credulity) 輕信

182. Aberrant
 different from what is typical or usual, especially in an unacceptable way

183. Presumptuous (was presumptuous in moving into)

 A person who is presumptuous shows little respect for others by doing things they

have no right to do
 It would be presumptuous of me to comment on the matter
184. Attenuate (to make something smaller, thinner, or weaker)
185. Cardinal (adj: of great importance) (n: priest)
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186. Taxing (the hike was so taxing)  difficult or needing a lot of thought or effort
187. Arduous  difficult, needing a lot of effort and energy
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188. Morph (has morphed into)
189. Hound (hounded out graft in all forms)
 to chase someone or to refuse to leave someone alone, especially because you want to

get something from them

 The reporters wouldn't stop hounding her

190. Ruthless
 Some people believe that to succeed in this world you have to be ruthless

191. Immaterial (immaterial to the trial)

 not important, or not relating to the subject you are thinking about

 Whether the book is well or badly written is immaterial - it has an important message

192. Flippant
193. Dispassionate
 able to think clearly or make good decisions because of not being influenced by

emotions
 In all the media hysteria, there was one journalist whose comments were clear-sighted

and dispassionate.
194. Heyday (during the heyday of prohibition)
195. Debonair (debonair manner) (esp men, attractive, confident, and carefully dressed)
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196. Candid (candid about why he was)
 honest and telling the truth, especially about something difficult or painful
 The two presidents have had candid talks about the current crisis.
 To be candid with you, I think you're making a dreadful mistake.

197. Scrupulous
 extremely honest/ doing everything correctly and exactly as it should be done

 A scrupulous politician would not lie about her business interests

 The nurse told him to be scrupulous (= extremely careful) about keeping the wound

clean.
198. Forthright

 （過於）坦誠的，直率的；直截了當的

 I admire her forthright way of dealing with people.

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199. Elude (elude most high school students)

 使達不到/避開/使記不起來

 They had minor breakthroughs but real success eluded them.

 They eluded the police by fleeing.

 I know who you mean but her name eludes me.

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200. Cornucopia
 a large amount or supply of something
 The table held a veritable cornucopia of every kind of food or drink you could want.
201. Profuse (adj)  produced or given in large amounts
202. Copious

 大量的，豐富的；過量的

 They drank copious amounts of wine.

 He took copious notes during the lecture.

203. Amply (amply supplied)

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204. Contemptuous (adj)
 He was very contemptuous of "popular" writers, whom he described as having no

talent.
205. Scornful (adj)
 They are openly scornful of the new plans.

206. Artless  simple and not wanting to deceive  “…” came the artless reply
207. Inimitable
 very unusual or of very high quality and therefore impossible to copy
 He was describing, in his own inimitable style/way, how to write a best-selling novel.
208. Savvy (n/adj)  practical knowledge and ability (n)/having it(adj)
209. Cede (cede control of)
 to allow someone else to have or own sth, esp unwillingly or because you are forced

to do so/ give control or permission

210. Betray (betraying his intense emotion)
 to show feelings, thoughts, or a particular characteristic without intending to

 If he is nervous on stage, he does not betray it

211. Quiver
 to shake slightly, often because of strong emotion

 Lennie's bottom lip quivered and tears started in his eyes.

212. Aphorism 格言，警句

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213. Cataclysm 劇變；大災難；大變動

214. Upheaval

 激變；動盪；劇變

 I'm not sure it's worth the upheaval of moving to gain just a little more space.
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215. Fickle (she was so fickle in her politics)

 （意見,感情, 情況）反覆無常的，易變的

 The world of popular music is notoriously fickle

 Fickle winds made sailing conditions difficult.

216. Erratic (support for his policies was erratic)

 moving or behaving in a way that is not regular, certain, or expected

 She can be very erratic; one day she is friendly and the next she'll hardly speak to you.

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217. Effervescent (was in an effervescent mood)

 充滿活力的；活潑的；興高采烈的

 She's one of those effervescent personalities that you often see hosting TV shows

218. Juggernaut (once considered a juggernaut) 不可抗拒的強大力量（或組織）

219. Hodgepodge 大雜燴

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220. Obliging (I found him to be accommodating and obliging)

 樂於助人的，熱心相助的

221. Forthcoming 樂於助人的；樂於提供資訊的；樂於交談的

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222. Patronize (v)

 對…擺出高人一等的姿態/經常光顧（商店、餐館等）

 Stop patronizing me - I understand the play as well as you do

223. Condescendingly (adj)
 treating someone as if you are more important or more intelligent than them

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224. Vitriol (uncountable n)
 violent hate and anger expressed through severe criticism

 He is a writer who has often been criticized by the press but never before with such

vitriol
225. Coalesce
226. Preempt (would preempt ordinary program on TV)  also prevent in advance
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227. Assiduously
 showing hard work, care, and attention to detail

 The government has been assiduous in the fight against inflation

228. Meticulous (was meticulous in making his noodles)

 嚴謹的，一絲不苟的；非常注意細節的

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229. Creditable
230. Entice

 誘惑；誘使；引誘

 The adverts entice the customer into buying things they don't really want.
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231. Bemoan 抱怨；悲嘆

232. Lament 對…感到悲痛，對…表示失望，痛惜

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233. Afford (affords a panoramic view)
234. Elusive

 難以描述（或找到、達到、記起）的；困難的

 The answers to these questions remain as elusive as ever

 Success, however, remained elusive for her

235. Panacea (it is not a panacea for)