CADANGAN MEMBINA 10 TINGKAT

HOSPITAL DAN KERJA-KERJA

INFRASTRUKTUR, LOT 1567, PT 7388,
PUNCAK ALAM, KUALA SELANGOR,
SELANGOR

ROAD WORK SYSTEM

DECEMBER 2018
 Contents

1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 3

2.0 Master Plan Layout .............................................................................................................. 3
3.0 Road ..................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Application Of Guidelines, Specification And Manual ................................................... 5
3.2 Road Design Concept ....................................................................................................... 5
3.2.1 Design Concept Of Road To Ensure All Element Satisfactory: ............................... 5
3.2.2 Material Specification ............................................................................................... 6
3.2.3 Road Layer ................................................................................................................ 7
3.2.4 Design Concept On Road Structure .......................................................................... 7
3.2.5 Generic And Specific Justification For Choices ....................................................... 7
4.0 Design Consideration ........................................................................................................... 8
4.1 Safety And Public Health ................................................................................................. 8
4.2 Environmental, Societal & Cultural ................................................................................. 9
5.0 Design Of Road Pavement ................................................................................................. 10
6.0 References .......................................................................................................................... 12
7.0 Appendx ............................................................................................................................. 12
1.0 INTRODUCTION

This 10 stories hospital and all infrastructure works will be constructing in Puncak Alam,
Kuala Selangor, Selangor. Based on the site plan the drawing and calculation of road and
drainage have been proposed. All the drawings and calculations of the road are shown in this
report.

2.0 MASTER PLAN LAYOUT

Master plan layout of the project

Route into the hospital Route out from the hospital

Layout with highlighted road lane

3.0 ROAD

3.1 Application of Guidelines, Specification and Manual

Arahan Teknik Jalan (ART-JKR)

Guide Sign Design and Application
Manual on Traffic Control Devices – Standard Traffic Sign
Manual on Traffic Control Devices – Standard Traffic Application

3.2 Road Design Concept

3.2.1 Design concept of road to ensure all element satisfactory:

Land context - accommodate the need of individual places.

Safety – emphasis in patients, children, person with disabilities, old people (safety
railing provided).
Efficiency – appropriated spaces to sustain capacity of transport
3.2.2 Material Specification

Types Thickness Specification

Surface Course 50 mm Asphaltic Concrete Mix
Wearing Course (AC10 or
AC14)
Binder Course 190 mm Asphaltic Concrete Mix
(AC28)
Road Base 200 mm Crushed Aggregate Base
Course
Sub Base 200 mm Granular sub base

50mm surface course

190mmbinder course

200 mm road base

200 mm subbase

Subgrade layer
3.2.3 Road Layer

Layer Information
Surface Course  The upper layer of the pavement
 Provide non-skidding and good riding quality surface
 Prevent or reduce water from penetrating into underlying layer
 Withstand adverse environmental condition
 Resist abrasive forces of traffic
Binder Course  Subdivide with surface course
 Perform same properties as surface course
Road Base  The main pavement structural layer to cater load
 Function to cater and spread the load from heavy vehicles and protect
the underlying weaker layer
Subbase  To aid the base distributing load transmitting to the subgrade
 To aid as drainage layer
 As temporary path during construction work
 To protect the subgrade from damage caused by weather
Subgrade  An embankment on natural earth below the subbase of pavement
 Function to cater load from upper layer of the pavement

3.2.4 Design Concept on Road Structure

 Road slope used 1 : 40

 Multilane way 7.32m (main road)
 Multilane way 6.50 (secondary road)
 All signboard using retro reflective high intensity sheeting cover
 Line of road using thermoplastic

3.2.5 Generic and Specific Justification for Choices

By using standard material for rural design in JKR spec to find the thickness of layer is
satisfied of needed in this site based on type of vehicles which basically is car. Furniture of road
consider on road user with clearly can see even thought at night.
4.0 Design Consideration

4.1 Safety and Public Health

Road needs to be designed and constructed carefully because it can promotes road traffic
safety and reducing the harm on the highway system from traffic collision such as deaths,
injuries and property damage.

Since the project is constructing a hospital, there are several factors in term of safety need
to be considered in designing the road. Traffic calming, safety barriers, pedestrian crossing,
ambulance lane are provided to aid the public health. Lane markers in some countries and states
are marked with bright reflectors that do not fade like paint. Reflector is a useful item during
night and dark situation.

Risk can be reduced by providing limited access from properties and local roads, grade
separated junctions and median dividers between opposite direction traffic to reduce likelihood
of head-on collision.

The placement of energy attenuation devices such as guardrails, wide grassy areas, sand
barrels are common in term of safety and public health. Some road fixtures such as road signs
and fire hydrants are designed to collapse on impact. Light poles are designed to break at the
base rather than violently stop a car that hits on them. Highway authorities may also remove
large tress from the immediate vicinity of the road. During heavy rains, if the elevation of the
road surface is not higher than the surrounding landscape, it may result in flooding.
4.2 Environmental, Societal & Cultural

Road needs to be designed and constructed carefully because they can reduce any
negative environmental impacts.

Water management system can be used to reduce the effect of pollutants from road.
Rainwater and running off of roads tends to pick up gasoline, motor oil, heavy metals, trash and
other pollutants and result in water pollution. Road runoff is a major sources that contribute
nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are
combustion by products of gasoline and other fossil fuels. Sand can run off into roadsides,
contaminated groundwater and pollute surface waters, and road salts can be toxic and sensitive to
plants and animals. Sand applied to roads can be ground up by traffic into fine particulates and
contribute to air pollution.

Road are a chief source environmental noise generation. Since this project will be
constructed at hospital area, sound must be look seriously into measure. To avoid noise
accumulated around hospital area that comes from road, noise barriers are used to reduce noise
pollution, in particular where roads are located close to built-up areas. Regulations can restrict
the use of engine braking.

Motor vehicle emission contribute to air pollution. Concentrations of air pollutants and
adverse respiratory health effects are greater near the road than at some distance away from the
road. Road dust spread up by vehicles may trigger allergic reactions. In addition, on-road
transportation greenhouse gas emissions are the largest single cause of climate changes.
5.0 DESIGN OF ROAD PAVEMENT

DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN INPUT

Average Daily Traffic : 17566 (FOR 2 LANE IN 2 DIRECTION)
: (17566 * 1.2) / 2
` : 10539.6 (FOR 1 DIRECTION IN 1 LANE)
Percentage of CV (un-laden weight > 1.5 tons): 16%
Annual Growth Rate: 4%
Type of Terrain: Rolling Terrain
CBR Mean: 18.5%
Standard Deviation: 4.4%
Design Life, n: 20 Years
DETERMINING OF DESIGN TRAFFIC (TRAFFIC CATEGORY)
ESALY1 (Base Year) = ADT x 365 x PCV x LEF x L x T
= 10539.6 x 365 x 0.16 x 3.7 x 1.0 x 1.1
= 2.505 Million
DESIGN TRAFFIC OVER 20 YEARS
ESALDEs = ESALY1 x [(1 + r) n – 1)]/r
= ESALY1 x [(1 + 0.04) 20 – 1)]/0.04
= 2.505 x 23.75
= 59.494 Million (Under Traffic Category T5, probability ≥ 85%)
DETERMINE SUB-GRADE STRENGTH (SUB-GRADE CATEGORY)
CBR Mean: 18.5%
Standard Deviation: 4.4%
Normal Deviate: 1.0
Characteristic of CBR Value: 18.5 – 1.0(4.4)
: 14.1% (Subgrade Category SG2)
Figure 5.1: Asphalt Mix Concrete Design Layer for Category T5

As a conclusion, design properties of asphalt mix concrete for

this project are as follows:
Conventional flexible granular base
• Bituminous Surface Course (AC 10 or AC14): 50
mm
• Bituminous Binder Course/Road base (AC28): 190
mm
• Crushed Aggregate Road Base: 200 mm
• Granular Sub-Base: 200 mm
6.0 REFERENCES

ATJ 5/85 (revision 2013)

(Manual for the Structural Design of Flexible Pavement)

7.0 APPENDX

Table of Lane Distribution Factor (ATJ 5/85)

Number of lanes Lane distribution

(in ONE direction) factor, L

One 1.0
Two 0.9
Three or more 0.7

Table of Terrain Factor (ATJ 5/85)

Type of Terrain Terrain factor, T

Flat 1.0
Rolling 1.1
Mountainous/steep 1.3

Table of LEF for Various Vehicle Class (ATJ 5/85)

 Table of Traffic Category (ATJ 5/85)

Table of Subgrade Category (ATJ 5/85)