System Application of Home Security with CCTV Automatic and
SMS Using HC-SR501 PIR Sensor Based On Raspberry Pi
1
”Leni Andriani” Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
Palembang, Indonesia, leniandriani47@gmail.com
Abstract-This paper discusses design and
implementation home security system using pi camera
that used as CCTV camera and SIM900A modul that
used to sending notification SMS. PIR sensor is used
to detecting movement around the sensor in home.
When PIR sensor detected movement, PIR sensor will
send a signal to microcontroller (raspberry pi). And
then, raspberry pi giving a command to pi camera. Pi
camera will on during 30 seconds every motion
detected for memory efficient. After that, text message
sent by SIM900A modul to owner and security that can
executed quickly.
The PIR sensor are tested with two different
objects, human and cat. First, PIR sensor is tested to
human movement. The testing did three different
times. At 07:00 PIR sensor can detecting human
movement with range 6,5 meters, at 12:00 PIR sensor
can detecting human movement with range 6.3 meters,
and at 22:00 PIR sensor can detecting human
movement with range 6.7 meters. PIR sensor can
detecting cat’s movement with 1.5 meters.
Over all part of security system tested by
moving objects in front of the sensor to variations in
the distance . Over all part of system will work if the
sensor had detected movement.
Keywords-Smart Home, Raspberry Pi, Pi Camera,
SIM900A
I. INTRODUCTION
Housing officials or security guards need to
maintain housing privacy from thieves. The slow
handling of the house that the thief enters into
becomes something that needs attention. Slow
handling is something that must be announced by
security guards and homeowners. A system that
uses technology for homes that really needs to be
applied to small homes when the house is empty
without occupants. The monitoring system using
Arduino which is integrated with the SMS
gateway PIR sensor has already been
implemented, namely the Arduino is issued with a
PIR sensor which serves to read the movements
and temperature of the human body. After the PIR
sensor gets a signal of movement and temperature
of the human body, the signal is sent to Arduino in
the form of voltage. Arduino processes the signal
and sends an order to send an SMS to the GSM
modem which can be used to send an SMS to the
homeowner in an insecure house as a notification.
The new study developed to complement the
above system is to do an application of a home
system in a housing complex in Palembang with
CCTV and SMS. When there is movement in the
house, CCTV will be ON for 30 seconds and OFF
automatically and homeowner and security guard
will get a message in the form of the danger of
automatic SMS that the house is entered by
someone, to be better for thieves that already exist
today. home for a long time. CCTV that records
for 30 seconds to allow for recognizable storage
and memory storage.
In this final project, the microcontroller which is a
Rasberry Pi, a camera for CCTV which is Pi
Camera, SIM900A module for sending SMS as a
notification of movement, PIR sensor for reading
movements that occur within the house. Sensors
will be placed in a place where thieves can enter
the house.
II. TEORY
Raspberry Pi, often called as Raspi, is a single
board (SBC) that has the size of a credit card. This
mini computer is supported by the Linux operating
system (OS). Raspbian is one of the Debian GNU
/ Linux based operating systems and optimized for
Raspberry Pi hardware. Raspberry Pi can be used
for various purposes, such as spreadsheets, games,
and can even be used as a media player because of
its ability to play high definition videos. The
Raspberry Pi was developed by a non-profit
foundation, the Rasberry Pi Foundation, which is
run by a number of computer developers and
experts from Cambridge University, England.
PIR sensor (Passive Infrared) is a device that
functions to sense or capture a physical quantity
(temperature of the human body) and change it to
form an electrical signal. As the name implies,
Passive Infrared, this sensor is passive. This sensor
receives infrared signals emitted by a moving Here is a Pi Camera image:
object (in this case the human body).

PIR (passive infra red) body sensors can be

categorized in sensors that detect movement, this
sensor works as a receiver (passive) from infrared
light that is transmitted by each object, in general
the object is human. This PIR sensor works by
capturing heat energy generated from the passive
infrared rays that are possessed by every object
with temperatures above absolute zero. Like the
human body which has a body temperature of
about 32 degrees Celsius, which is a typical hot Fig.1. Pi Camera
temperature found in the environment. This
infrared beam is then captured by the Pyroelectric III. SYSTEM DESIGN
sensor which is the core of the PIR sensor, causing
a Pyroelectric sensor consisting of gallium nitride, The home security system overall can be designed
cesium nitrate and lithium tantalate to produce with 1 Raspberry Pi as the Constitutional Court
electric current. Electric current is generated which serves as the brain to process information
because the passive infrared rays carry heat and give orders, 1 PIR sensor which is tasked with
energy. The process is almost the same as the detecting movement, Pi Camera as CCTV for
electric current formed when sunlight hits the solar recording that is able to "ON" and "OFF
cell. "Automatically, SIM900A as a sender of danger
signs in the form of SMS directed to the owner of
When humans are in front of the PIR sensor with the house and security guard.
silent conditions, the PIR sensor will calculate the
wavelength produced by the human body. This
constant wavelength causes the heat energy
produced to be described to be almost the same in
the surrounding environmental conditions. When
humans make movements, the human body will
produce passive infrared rays with varying
wavelengths so that it produces different heat
which causes the sensor to respond by producing
currents in the Pyroelectric material with a
different magnitude. So, when someone walks
through the sensor, the sensor will capture the
passive infrared light emitted by the human body
which has a different temperature from the F.2. Home Security System Design Scheme
environment causing the pyroelectric material to
react to produce electric current due to the heat
OBJEK BERGERAK
SENSOR PIR RASPBERRY PI PI CAMERA
energy carried by the passive infrared light (Listia ( MANUSIA )

SD
2008) . CARD

The Raspberry Pi Camera is a camera HP

board made by the Raspberry Pi Foundation in the
UK with a resolution of 5 MP (2592 x 1944
pixels). The Raspberry Pi has been specifically
designed to interact with the Pi Camera module
using a 15 pin Ribbon cable.
SIM900A
HP
F.3. Diagram Block Home Security System
PIR sensor will give a signal the Raspberry Pi if the
object (human) moves around the sensor (about 7
meters). the signal sent is High in the form of a
voltage of 3.3 V. After the Raspberry Pi receives a
signal from the PIR sensor, Raspberry Pi is
 programmed with the Python 2 programming B. Testing Tools on Cat objects
language processing data and sending commands to
Pi Camera actively recording 30 seconds to record Function testing is carried out with the aim of
events in real time and Pi Camera will "off" knowing each component (Pi Camera, PIR Sensor,
automatically. Raspberry Pi also ordered SIM900A and SIM900) that has been integrated with the
to send SMS alarms to homeowners and security Raspberry Pi. Results can be seen in the following
guards. table:
Table.2. Test Results for Device on Cat Movement
IV. TESTING DEVICE RESULT
SMS SMS
In this test, the PIR, Pi Camera, and Range Movement Recorded
delivered delivered
(meter) Detection Video
SIM900A sensors that have been integrated with on HP 1 on HP 2
the Raspberry Pi are tested together with the way
0.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
objects (humans and cats) move in front of a tool to 1 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
prove that the tools that have been designed can 1.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
function as a whole. Tests are carried out in two Detected Recorded Not Not
2
stages, namely testing of human movement and Delivered Delivered
movement of cats.

A. Testing Result Device On Object Human From the test results table above, it can be seen that
the tool can work as a whole if the PIR sensor can
Testing device is carried out on human movements detect motion. During testing, the sensor can read the
with the aim to determine the success of the cat's movements to a maximum of 1.5 meters, while
functions of each component (Pi Camera, PIR at a distance of 2 meters the sensor cannot detect
Sensor, and SIM900) which has been integrated movement.
with the Raspberry Pi. The test results can be seen
V. CONCLUSION
in the following table.
1. It has been designed a tool for home security
Table.1. Results of Testing Device for Human
systems that can record events automatically that last
Movement
30 seconds each time a movement occurs in the
SMS SMS house with the aim of memory efficiency and
Range Motion Video
delivered delivered
(meter) Detection Recorded provides notifications in the form of SMS to
on HP 1 on HP 2
0.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
homeowners and security guards.
1 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
2. The HC-SR501 PIR sensor can detect moving cats
1.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
2 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered with a maximum distance of 1.5 meters.
2.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
3 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
3. In human objects, the sensor can detect motion as
3.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered far as 6-7 meters while in the cat object the sensor
4 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered can only detect motion as far as 1.5 meters. This is
4.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered due to differences in the emission of body heat
5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
produced by each object.
5.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
6 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered 4. The placement of a PIR sensor can affect the scope
6.5 Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
of work of the sensor. The sensor can work more
Not Not Not Not
7 optimally if it is placed horizontally which is to reach
Detected Recorded Delivered Delivered
the distance of object detection as far as 5 meters
against the movement at the macismal angle of 60º
From the test results table, it can be seen that the on the left side and 4.5 meters on the right side of the
tool can work as a whole if the PIR sensor can sensor.
detect motion. During testing, the sensor can read
human movements from 0 to 6.5 meters, while at
a range of 7 meters the sensor cannot detect
movement.
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