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La primera versión de tabla periódica fue publicada por Dimitri Mendeleyev que
fue modificada y ampliada con el descubrimiento o síntesis de nuevos
elementos y el desarrollo de modelos teóricos para explicar el comportamiento
químico; existen además otros arreglos periódicos de acuerdo a diferentes
propiedades y según el uso que se le quiera dar, por ejemplo, en la geología.
MAGMATISM AND THE MAIN MINERALS THAT COMPOSE THE ROCKS
Geology is the science that studies the structure, the internal composition of the
earth as well as its evolution and the processes that implied over time. Currently
it is known that the Earth is formed by three layers: the crust, the mantle (lower
mantle, upper mantle) and the nucleus (internal and external nucleus); said
crust undergoes great displacements due to the tectonics of the plates that form
it, some of these displacements cause vertical movements that elevate it, then it
undergoes erosion the emerged areas causing the partial destruction of the
relief and the deposition of the sediments in the bottom of the seas, this is
explained by isostasy.
One of the branches of geology is the petrography that studies the current
characteristics of rocks such as their appearance, mineralogical composition
and structure; however, petrology includes both petrography and petrogenesis
since it deals with the physical, chemical, manner of occurrence, composition,
classification and origin of the rocks.
During the rise of the magma there are various processes that change its
composition forming one or more secondary magmas, this is called magmatic
differentiation; also the incorporation of some rocks of its surroundings that
modify the composition of the magma, assimilation, as well as the mixture of
magmas.
It was pointed out that igneous rocks are formed as the magma cools and
solidifies so the speed at which the magma cools, the amount of silica present,
and the amount of gases dissolved in the east will determine different textures
(the term texture it is used to describe the general appearance of the rock
according to the size, shape and arrangement of the crystals) in the igneous
rocks.
In the periodic table are the elements that make up these minerals ordered by
their atomic number, by their configuration of electrons and their chemical
properties.
The first version of periodic table was published by Dimitri Mendeleyev that was
modified and extended with the discovery or synthesis of new elements and the
development of theoretical models to explain the chemical behavior; there are
also other periodic arrangements according to different properties and
according to the use that is wanted, for example, in geology.