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What does inferential statistics permit the

1.
researcher to do?
Generalize to a population based on data
A)
from a sample.
Describe information from empirical
B)
observation.
C) Interpret descriptive statistics.
D) Reject the null hypothesis.

Why use inferential stats – population parameter estimation: characteristic of a specific


population; hypothesis testing; to assess for differences and relationships between groups.
o

The nurse researcher is reading about the


2. standard deviation of a sampling
distribution. What is this called?
A) Sampling error
B) Standard error – STDV of a sampling dist.
C) Variance
D) Mean square

What is a major factor affecting standard


3.
error of the mean (SEM)?
A) Value of the score range
B) Shape of the sampling distribution
C) Sample size
D) Value of the mean

What is a theoretical distribution of the


4. means of an infinite number of samples
drawn from a population called?
A) Sampling error
B) Sampling distribution of the mean
C) Standard error of the mean
D) Point estimation

Statistical inference consists of two


approaches: estimating parameters and
5.
testing hypotheses. What is point
estimation?
Provides an estimate of a population
A)
parameter
POINT ESTIMATION  Provides a
B) single descriptive value of the population
estimate
Provides the upper and lower limits of a
C)
range of values
Provides the ability to make objective
D)
decisions about hypothesis validity

A 95% confidence level is associated with


6.
how many standard deviation units?
A) 1.96
B) 2.58
C) Depends on the test statistic
D) Depends on the sample size

What is the statistical procedure that is


used to determine whether a significant
7.
difference exists between any numbers of
group means?
A) t-test
ANOVA  test the significance
B)
difference
C) Correlation coefficient
D) Mann Whitney U test

What test would a nurse researcher use to


8. test hypotheses about group differences in
proportions?
A) t-test
B) ANOVA
C) Correlation coefficient
D) Chi-square  test hypothesis

The independent variable is weight gain


during pregnancy. The dependent variable
9.
is the infant's birth weight. What is the
appropriate test statistic?
A) t-test
B) ANOVA
C) Chi-square
Pearson's r  for continuous data;
measure the magnitude of bivariate
D) relationships and to test whether the
relationship is significantly different from
zero

You examine the relationship between length of time under anesthesia (in minutes) and
time in the PACU (in minutes). Pearson's r

The independent variable is marital status.


The dependent variable is whether or not
10. the person had been hospitalized in the
preceding 12 months. What is the
appropriate statistical test?
A) t-test
B) ANOVA
C) Chi-square  test hypothesis
D) Pearson's r

You examine the frequency of adherence with self–breast exam (yes/no) in women with a
history of breast cancer and those without a history. chi-square

The independent variable is treatment


group. The dependent variable is an
11. infants' length of stay in the hospital after
birth. What is the appropriate statistical
test?
A) t-test
ANOVA (test the significance of the
B) difference between group means; 3 or
more groups)
C) Correlation coefficient
D) Mann Whitney U test

You compare four different cohorts of graduate students on mean final exam scores.
ANOVA
Statistical inference consists of two
approaches: estimating parameters and
13.
testing hypotheses. What is interval
estimation?
Provides an estimate of a population
A)
parameter
Provides a single descriptive value of the
B)
population estimate
Provides the upper and lower limits of a
C)
range of values
Provides the ability to make objective
D)
decisions about hypothesis validity

What does hypothesis testing through


14. statistical procedures enable researchers to
do?
Make objective decisions about the
A)
validity of the hypotheses.
Make objective decisions about the
B)
reliability of the hypotheses.
Make subjective decisions about the
C)
validity of the hypotheses.
Make subjective decisions about the
D)
reliability of the hypotheses.

15. What is a null hypothesis?


There is a positive relationship between
A)
research variables.
There is a negative relationship between
B)
research variables.
There is a false positive relationship
C)
between research variables.
There is no relationship between research
D)
variables.

16. What occurs with a Type I error?


There is a positive relationship between
A)
research variables.
There is a negative relationship between
B)
research variables.
There is a false positive relationship
C)
between research variables.
There is a false negative relationship
D)
between research variables.

17. What occurs with a Type II error?


There is a positive relationship between
A)
research variables.
There is a negative relationship between
B)
research variables.
There is a false positive relationship
C)
between research variables.
There is a false negative (-) II relationship
D)
between research variables.

MOST HYPOTHESIS testing involves


18.
which type of test?
A) One tailed
Two tailed  both ends used for improper
B)
values
C) Parametric
D) Nonparametric

What is the statistical test to measure the


magnitude of bivariate relationships and
19. to test whether the relationship is
significantly different from zero for
interval-level data?
A) Pearson's r
B) Spearman's rho
C) Kendall's tau
D) phi coefficient

You examine the relationship between length of time under anesthesia (in minutes) and
time in the PACU (in minutes). Pearson's r

What is the statistical test to measure the


magnitude of bivariate relationships and
20. to test whether the relationship is
significantly different from zero for
nominal-level data?
A) Pearson's r
B) Spearman's rho
C) Kendall's tau
D) phi coefficient

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