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This document describes how to run the BOOSTTM software. It does not attempt to discuss all the
concepts of 1D gas dynamics required to obtain successful solutions. It is the user’s responsibility
to determine if he/she has sufficient knowledge and understanding of gas dynamics to apply this
software appropriately.
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4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
Table of Contents
1. Introduction _____________________________________________________1-1
1.1. Scope _______________________________________________________________________ 1-1
1.2. User Qualifications ___________________________________________________________ 1-1
1.3. Symbols _____________________________________________________________________ 1-1
1.4. Configurations _______________________________________________________________ 1-1
AST.01.0105.2017.1 – 26-May-2017 i
BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
ii AST.01.0105.2017.1 - 26-May-2017
4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
List of Figures
Figure 2-1: Project Structure ................................................................................................................................... 2-1
Figure 2-2: TCI DI Diesel Engine Model ................................................................................................................ 2-2
Figure 2-3: Convergence Control Window .............................................................................................................. 2-3
Figure 2-4: Engine – Cylinder /RPE-Rotor Setup Window ................................................................................... 2-4
Figure 2-5: Monitor Window .................................................................................................................................. 2-17
Figure 2-6: Reference Point for Volumetric Efficiency ....................................................................................... 2-17
Figure 2-7: IMPRESS Chart - Results Window .................................................................................................... 2-19
Figure 3-1: Four Cylinder Diesel Engine with Waste Gate Control ..................................................................... 3-1
Figure 3-2: PID Controller - Channels Window ..................................................................................................... 3-5
Figure 3-3: Case Explorer Window for Waste Gate Control ................................................................................. 3-6
Figure 3-4: Results for Waste Gate Control ........................................................................................................... 3-7
Figure 4-1: EGR Controlled Diesel Engine ............................................................................................................. 4-1
Figure 4-2: Formula Interpreter - Formula Window .............................................................................................. 4-3
Figure 4-3: PID Controller - Channels Window ..................................................................................................... 4-4
Figure 4-4: Case Explorer Window .......................................................................................................................... 4-4
Figure 4-5: Results for EGR Control ....................................................................................................................... 4-5
1. INTRODUCTION
This manual includes descriptions of BOOST examples which demonstrate some of the
main features of the code.
1.1. Scope
This manual describes examples of using BOOST to create an engine model. It does not
attempt to discuss all the concepts of gas dynamics required to obtain successful solutions.
It is the user’s responsibility to determine if he/she has sufficient knowledge and
understanding of fluid dynamics to apply this software appropriately.
1.3. Symbols
The following symbols are used throughout this manual. Safety warnings must be strictly
observed during operation and service of the system or its components.
Convention Meaning
MenuOpt A MenuOpt font is used for the names of menu options, submenus
and screen buttons.
1.4. Configurations
Software configurations described in this manual were in effect on the publication date.
It is the user’s responsibility to verify the configuration of the equipment before applying
procedures.
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4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
First create a project directory, then the client directory where the model is stored. The
results directories and files are created automatically.
1 Engine E
4 Cylinder C
1 Air Cleaner CL
2 Cooler CO
1 Catalyst CAT
1 Turbocharger TC
2 System Boundaries SB
2 Plenums PL
6 Junctions J
2 Restrictions R
18 Measuring Points MP
26 Pipes Numbers
1 Monitor MNT
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
Double-click the required element in the Element tree with the left mouse button to display
it in the working area. Move the displayed element to the desired location with the left
mouse button. Select to insert a pipe and attach it to the required elements by clicking
on the activated circles (triangles for the cylinder).
The global input data must be defined first. Select SimulationControl to access the input
fields.
1. SIMULATION TASKS
Click on the Simulation Tasks sub-group folder in the tree and select Cycle
Simulation.
2. CYCLE SIMULATION
Click on the Cycle Simulation sub-group folder in the tree and enter the following
data:
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Click on the Classic Species Setup sub-group folder and enter the following data:
4. INITIALIZATION
Click on the Initialization sub-group folder and select A/F-Ratio for Ratio. Select Add
Set and enter the following data in the input fields.
5. CONVERGENCE CONTROL
Click on the Convergence Control sub-group folder to access the input fields. Click on
Add row four times and select the four cylinders under the Element drop-down menu.
Under Sensor Channels select IMEP and under Tolerance enter 500.
Then select Finish in order to auto-terminate the calculation when convergence
criteria are reached. Enter 3 for Convergence Cycles.
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
6. RESTART CONTROL
Click on the Restart Control sub-group folder to access the input fields. Select Specific
Interval from the Restart File Saving Interval pull-down menu and enter 720 deg for
Saving Interval.
6. OUTPUT CONTROL
Click on the Output Control sub-group folder and enter 1 deg for Saving Interval.
Click OK.
Data can be copied from the selected source element(s) to the target element(s) by selecting
Element | Copy Data.
2.4.1. Engine
1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Engine Speed: 3000 rpm
Cycle Type: 4 stroke
BMEP Control: Activate
Click on the Cylinder / RPE-Rotor Setup sub-group folder to open the following
window and enter the values shown.
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3. ENGINE FRICTION
In the Engine Friction sub-group folder, Table is selected as default. Click on the
Engine Friction[1]: friction_list sub-group folder and enter the following data:
BMEP: 8 bar
Click OK.
4. BMEP CONTROL
Click on the BMEP Control sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Select Add row four times and select the four cylinders from the drop-down menu
under Element.
2.4.2. Cylinder
Click on the cylinder to access the input fields.
1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Bore: 75 mm
Stroke: 78 mm
Compression Ratio: 21
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
2. INITIALIZATION
Pressure: 7 bar
Fuel Vapour: 0
3. COMBUSTION
Click on the Combustion sub-group folder. Select Vibe from the pull down menu for
Heat Release, enter 25 mg for Fuel Mass / Cycle and select Internal for Mixture
Preparation.
Click on the Vibe sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Parameter a 6.9
4. HEAT TRANSFER
Click on the Heat Transfer sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Ports: Zapf
Piston:
Surface Area: 6190 mm2
Cylinder Head:
Surface Area: 4420 mm2
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Liner:
Surface Area: 440 mm2 (Piston at TDC)
Combustion System DI
Click on the Valve Port Specification sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Controlled by Port
Pipe Control Surface Area mm2 Wall Temp degC
17 Valve 14000 86.85
23 Valve 4400 306.85
Expand the VPS [1]: Pipe 17: Intake sub-group folder, click on Valve Controlled and
enter the following data:
Expand the Valve Controlled folder, click on Lift Curve and load the Intake Lift Curve
from the installation:
examples\BOOST\v2017.1\other\boost\data_L4_1_4L_TCI_DI_Diesel
\intake_lift_curve.dat
Expand the VPS [2]: Pipe 23 Exhaust sub-group folder, click on Valve Controlled and
enter the following data:
Inner Valve Seat (=Reference) Diameter 23 mm
Valve Clearance 0.18 mm
Scaling Factor for Eff. Flow Area 0.8464
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
Expand the Valve Controlled folder, click on Lift Curve and load the Exhaust Lift
Curve from:
…\data_L4_1_4L_TCI_DI_Diesel\exhaust_lift_curve.dat
2.4.3. Turbocharger
Click on the turbocharger to access the input fields.
1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and select the calculation type:
Calculation Type:
2. SIMPLIFIED MODEL
Click on the Simplified Model sub-group folder and enter the following data:
3. COMPRESSOR
Reference Conditions
Pressure 1 bar
Temperature 25 degC
4. TURBINE
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1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Geometrical Properties
Total Air Cleaner Volume: 2.8 (l)
2. FRICTION
Friction Specification
3. FLOW COEFFICIENTS
Click on the Flow Coefficients sub-group folder and enter the following data:
2.4.5. Catalyst
Click on the catalyst to access the input fields.
1. GENERAL
2. TYPE SPECIFICATION
General Catalyst
Open Frontal Area (OFA) 1
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
3. FRICTION
Friction Specification
4. FLOW COEFFICIENTS
Click on the Flow Coefficients sub-group folder and enter the following data:
2.4.6. Cooler
Click on the cooler to access the input fields.
Cooler 1:
1. GENERAL
Geometrical Properties:
Friction specification:
Target Pressure Drop Activate
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4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
Friction:
Target Pressure Drop 5 kPa
Heat Transfer:
Coolant Temperature 360 K
3. FLOW COEFFICIENTS
Click on the Flow Coefficients sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Cooler 2:
1. GENERAL
Geometrical Properties:
Friction specification:
Target Pressure Drop Activate
Friction:
Heat Transfer:
Coolant Temperature 39.85 degC
3. FLOW COEFFICIENTS
Click on the Flow Coefficients sub-group folder and enter the following data:
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and select Standard for the Boundary Type.
Select End Correction.
2. BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Click on the Boundary Conditions sub-group folder and enter the following data:
Select Local Boundary Conditions and Set 1 from the Preference pull-down menu
(defined in section 2.3 – Initialization)
3. FLOW COEFFICIENTS
Click on the Flow Coefficients sub-group folder and enter the following data:
2.4.8. Plenum
Click on the plenum to access the input fields.
1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and enter 15l for the Volume for Plenum 1,
0.5l for the Volume for Plenum 2.
2. INITIALIZATION
Click on the Initialization sub-group folder and select Global Initialization for each
Plenum. For Plenum 1 select Set 6 from the Preference pull-down menu and for
Plenum 2 select Set 3 from the Preference pull-down menu.
3. FLOW COEFFICIENTS
Click on the Flow Coefficients sub-group folder and enter the following data:
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2.4.9. Junction
Click on the junction to access the input fields.
1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and choose the following junction types:
Junction type
Junction 1 Refined model
Junction 2 Refined model
Junction 3 Refined model
Junction 4 Refined model
Junction 5 Refined model
Junction 6 Refined model
2. REFINED MODEL
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
2.4.10. Restrictions
Click on the restriction to access the input fields.
1. FLOW COEFFICIENTS
Click on the Flow Coefficients sub-group folder and enter the following data:
2.4.11. Pipes
Click on the pipe to access the input fields.
1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and enter the data in the following table for
each pipe. The default Bending Radius (100000 mm) is used.
2. INITIALIZATION
Click on the Initialization sub-group and select the required Global set from the
Preference pull-down menu.
Pipe Heat
Diameter Friction Wall Temp Global
Length Transfer
(mm) Coeff (degC) Initial.
(mm) Factor
Pipe 1 100 60 0.02 1 26.85 Set 1
Pipe 2 300 48 0.02 1 26.85 Set 1
Pipe 3 75 35 0.02 1 26.85 Set 2
Pipe 4 75 40 0.02 1 26.85 Set 3
Pipe 5 150 20 0.035 1 276.85 Set 4
Pipe 6 100 20 0.035 1 276.85 Set 4
Pipe 7 150 22 0.035 1 176.85 Set 3
Pipe 8 85 30 0.035 1 276.85 Set 4
Pipe 9 85 30 0.035 1 276.85 Set 4
Pipe 10 85 30 0.035 1 276.85 Set 4
Pipe 11 100 25 0.035 1 276.85 Set 4
Pipe 12 100 25 0.035 1 276.85 Set 4
Pipe 13 150 48 0.035 1 176.85 Set 5
Pipe 14 150 48 0.035 1 176.85 Set 5
Pipe 15 300 48 0.035 1 126.85 Set 6
Pipe 16 100 50 0.035 1 126.85 Set 6
Pipe 17 70 30 0.02 1 26.85 Set 3
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4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
The diameter data for pipes 23 to 26 is listed in the following table. Click on and
then select the Table button which appears on the input field to open the input
window. Select Insert Row to activate the input fields.
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
1. GENERAL
Click on the General sub-group folder and enter the following data:
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2.4.13. Monitor
Click on Sensor Channels and select the data as shown in the following figure.
2.4.14. Microphone
1. GENERAL
Source: SB2
Axis: 500 mm
Vertical: 500 mm
Lateral: 500 mm
Ground: Yes
Height: 300 mm
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
A window opens which provides an overview of the status of the simulation. Double click
on the row of the desired simulation to view a more detailed information of the simulation
run produced by the simulation kernel. Once the job is complete select OK to exit this
window and then Close to exit the simulation status window.
2.6. Post-processing
Select SimulationShow MessagesCycle Simulation to check for convergence warnings
and relevant information.
1. Select the Results tab to display the tree as shown in the following window.
3. Select the Report tab and insert a layer into the selected page. Then select the layer.
4. Select the Results tab and click on the required curve to load the results into the
selected layer.
The example shows pressure at a measuring point both as Transient and Trace Plots.
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4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
Transients plot the variable versus the cycle number and Traces plot the variable versus
the crank angle for the last complete cycle.
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4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
2. Add the PID Controller element and connect the elements as shown in Figure 3-1:
Figure 3-1: Four Cylinder Diesel Engine with Waste Gate Control
1. CYCLE SIMULATION
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
3. OUTPUT CONTROL
Click on the Output Control sub-group folder and enter 3 deg for Saving Interval.
Click OK.
3.2.1. Engine
1. GENERAL
Engine Speed:
Assign new parameter global and name it Enspeed
2. ENGINE FRICTION
Friction Multiplier: 1
3. FRICTION MODEL
4. BMEP CONTROL
Desired BMEP:
Assign new parameter global and name it BMEP
Select Add row four times and select the four cylinders from the drop-down menu
under Element.
3.2.2. Turbocharger
1. GENERAL
Calculation Type:
Full Model: Activate
2. FULL MODEL
Mechanical Efficiency: 1
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4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
3. COMPRESSOR
Efficiency: Offset
Efficiency Offset:
Assign new parameter global and name it Comp_eff_off
Pressure: 1 bar
Temperature: 298K
4. MAP SPECIFICATION
Load the Map_Specification.dat file from \data_L4_1_4L_TCI_DI_Diesel.
5. SURGE LINE
Load the Surge_Line.dat file from \data_L4_1_4L_TCI_DI_Diesel.
6. TURBINE
Pressure: 1 bar
Temperature: 873.15 K
7. PERFORMANCE MAPS
Efficiency: Offset
1 1 1 -0.07
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
Accuracy: Medium
3.2.3. Cooler 2
1. REFERENCE OPERATING CONDITIONS
3.2.4. Monitor
1. SENSOR CHANNELS
1. GENERAL
Proportional: -1.3e-005
Integral: -3.6e-005
Differential: 0
Offset: 0 kg/s
2. CHANNELS
Assign new
External parameter global
1 - -
Value and name it
TarBoost
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Initial Value:
Assign new parameter global and name it WGv_Cd
Minimum Value: 0
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
5. Enter the values for parameters at different engine speeds as shown in the following
figure:
Tasks: Select all tasks to create and simulate all of selected cases and to create series
results.
3.5. Results
After the successful simulation select SimulationShow Results or click on to open
IMPRESS Chart. Results for each operating point can be shown as crank angle dependent
(Traces Results), or cycle dependent (Transient Results). In Series Results, they are engine
speed dependent. The following figure shows results related to the Waste Gate Control
simulation.
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4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples BOOSTTM v2017.1
4.1.1. Engine
1. GENERAL
2. ENGINE FRICTION
Friction Multiplier: 1
3. FRICTION MODEL
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
4.1.3. Monitor
1. SENSOR CHANNELS
1. GENERAL
Global Variables:
Variable Value
1 EGR 0.2
2. SENSOR CHANNELS
3. ACTUATOR CHANNELS
4. FORMULA
Operations: MFegr=-(EGR*MFair/(EGR-1));
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1. GENERAL
Proportional: 0.9
Integral: 7.7
2. CHANNELS
Initial Value: 0
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BOOSTTM v2017.1 4 Cylinder TCI DI Diesel Engine Examples
5. Enter the values for parameters at different engine speeds as shown in the following
figure:
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Tasks: Select all tasks to create and simulate all of selected cases and to create series
results.
4.4. Results
After the successful simulation select SimulationShow Results or click on to open
IMPRESS Chart. Results for each operating point can be shown as crank angle dependent
(Traces Results), or cycle dependent (Transient Results). In Series Results, they are engine
speed dependent. The following figure shows results related to the EGR Control
simulation.
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