CHAPTER III

RESEARCH FINDINGS

A. Data Description

Data of the study are compiled by signing, comparing, and grouping the words

on the Sony Ericsson W200i User’s Guide Book in English and Bahasa Indonesia

version into borrowing category. The theory of borrowing word helps in determining

the words in to the category of borrowing. After considering it by applying the

theory, the writer rechecks the classified words by looking up both the English and

Bahasa Indonesia dictionary to know the meaning of each word and whether the word

has equivalence in Bahasa Indonesia. Understanding the meaning and the available

equivalence of the words in TL, the writer can really determine the words which are

included into borrowing word and which one is not.

The table below list the borrowing found on the user guide book. The

underlined words in source language column are borrowing words found on the user

guide book in its English version. Meanwhile, the underlined in target language

column are the translation of borrowing words in user’s guide book Bahasa Indonesia

version. Each corpus is added with the page where the corpus can be found in the

book. The SL and TL are arranged side by side to ease comparison between them in

considering the translation process to translate some borrowing words.

 Borrowing
Source Language Target Language
No. Page Page Translation
(SL) (TL)
Types

1. Settings 48 Setting 53 Loan Word

2. To move through 17 Untuk berpindah- 17 Loan Word
menus and tabs pindah saat didalam
menu atau tab.
3. Exit browser 49 Keluar browser 54 Loan Word
4. Standby mode 15 Modus standby 16 Loan Word
5. Select a bookmark 49 Pilih bookmark 54 Loan Word
6. To manage files and 18 Untuk mengelola file 18 Loan Word
folders dan folder
7. You connect to your 35 Anda terhubung 38 Loan Word
email server dengan server email
anda
8. Use a picture as a 36 Gunakan gambar 39 Loan Word
screen saver, sebagai screen saver,
wallpaper or a wallpaper atau
contact item sebagai item dalam
kontak
9. Select how to 32 pilih modus 36 Loan Word
download your download
picture messages pesan gambar Anda
10. Follow the 40 Ikuti instruksi- 44 Loan Blend
instructions instruksi
11. To check the memory 23 Untuk memeriksa 24 Loan Blend
status status memori
12. To insert an item in 30 Untuk menyisipkan 32 Loan Word
your message item ke dalam pesan
Anda
13. Via another transfer 39 Bila menggunakan 42 Loan Word
methode cara transfer yang
lain
14. To confirm each 55 Untuk menegaskan 60 Loan Blend
entry setiap entri
15. To select a data 43 Untuk memilih 48 Loan Word
account account data
16. Select a link to 43 Pilih satu link untuk 48 Loan Word
stream from melakukan streaming
17. Use the navigation 44 Gunakan tombol 49 Loan Blend
key navigasi
18. You can also 46 Anda juga dapat 52 Loan Word
download new mendownload
content content baru
19. A phone subscription 48 Langganan yang 53 Loan Blend
that supports data mendukung transmisi
transmission data
20. Install the computer 50 Instal di komputer 55 Loan Blend
synchronization anda perangkat lunak
software sinkronisasi
21. Make sure the 52 Pastikan port 57 Loan Word
infrared port inframerah
22. To use profiles 54 Untuk menggunakan 59 Loan Blend
profil
 B. Data Analysis

The above data are analyzed below. The analysis will be explaining about the

Source Language (SL) and Target Language (TL). The analysis uses Charles F.

Hocket’s theory of borrowing word. And also will use the dictionaries to get the

meaning many words from SL to TL. The data also will classify to the types of

borrowing word.

Here are the analyses:

1. Loan Word

SL: Settings

TL: Setting

Setting mean (n) a position at which the controls on a machine can be set, to set

the speed, height, temperature, etc: the performance of the engine was tested at

different settings.1 Based on the word formal meaning, setting in computer can be

understood as a setup in the computer system control. The only equivalence meaning

is pengaturan2 that is found in Information Technology Dictionary whose meaning is

to specify for the real meaning in Bahasa Indonesia. But the term of setting is

collocation and commonly used by computer/hand phone users to mean the

contextual meaning. The term also has no equivalent collocation in the translation

process so that the term is directly used in the translation.

1
A.S Hornby, Oxford Learners Dictionary (USA: New York University press, 1995), p. 1218
2
Jack Febrian, Kamus Komputer & Teknologi Informasi, (Bandung: Penerbit Informatika, 2007), p.
373
2. Loan Word

SL: To move through menus and tabs

TL: Untuk berpindah-pindah saat didalam menu atau tab.

Menu means (noun) (computer) a list of possible choices that are shown on a

computer screen: a pull-down menu.3

Penuntun fasilitas yang tersedia, untuk mengarahkan user dalam memilih proses

yang akan dieksekusi4

A list of options from which a user can make a selection in order to perform a desired

action, such as choosing a command or applying a particular format to part of a document.

Many application programs, especially those that offer a graphical interface, use menus as a

means of providing the user with an easily learned, easy-to-use alternative to memorizing

program commands and their appropriate usage.

And tab means (noun) a small piece of paper, fabric, metal etc.5

Singkatan dari tombol tabulasi, merupakan tombol bantuan untuk mempercepat

perpindahan kursor ataupun untuk perapihan dalam penulisan teks. Khusus untuk

peloncatan posisi kursor ini, tempatnya ditentukan oleh tabulator.6

A key, often labeled with both a left-pointing and a right-pointing arrow, that

traditionally (as in word processing) is used to insert tab characters into a document. In

3
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 834
4
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 291
5
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1374
6
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 402
other applications, such as menu-driven programs, the Tab key is often used to move the

on-screen highlight from place to place. Many database and spreadsheet programs allow

the user to press the Tab key to move around within a record or between cells. The word

tab is short for “tabulator,” which was the name given to this key on typewriters, where it

was used in creating tables.

3. Loan Word

SL: Exit browser

TL: Keluar browser

Browser: (n) (computing) a program that lets you look at or read documents on

the internet (161)

Perangkat lunak untuk berselancar di internet. Perangkat lunak (software) yang

digunakan untuk mengakses World Wide Web.7

Software that lets a user view HTML documents and access files and software related

to those documents. Originally developed to allow users to view or browse documents on

the World Wide Web, Most Web browsers are also capable of downloading and transferring

files.

4. Loan Word

SL: Standby mode

TL: Modus standby

7
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 72
 Standby means to be present while something bad is happening but not do

anything to stop it.8

-------------------------------------------------------

A state in which your computer consumes less power when it is idle but remains

available for immediate use. While your computer is on standby, information in computer

memory is not saved on your hard disk. If there is an interruption in power, the information

in memory is lost.

5. Loan Word

SL: Select a bookmark

TL: Pilih bookmark

Bookmark means a record of the address of a file, a page on the internet, etc.

that enables you to find it quickly.9

Memberi tanda pada halaman tertentu untuk memudahkan pencarian. Suatu

catatan elektronik di dalam browser yang berisi alamat-alamat ke tempat yang kita

senangi di internet.10

A marker inserted at a specific point in a document to which the user may wish to

return for later reference.

6. Loan Word

SL: To manage files and folders

TL: untuk mengelola file dan folder

8
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p.1313
9
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 140
10
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 67
 File means a collection information stored together in a computer, under a

particular name.11

Arsip yang disimpan dalam suatu media, yang terdiri dari kumpulan karakter,

dan didokumentasikan dalam bentuk data digital oleh komputer.12

A complete, named collection of information, such as a program, a set of data used by

a program, or a user-created document. A file is the basic unit of storage that enables a

computer to distinguish one set of information from another. A file is the “glue” that binds a

conglomeration of instructions, numbers, words, or images into a coherent unit that a user

can retrieve, change, delete, save, or send to an output device.

Folder means a way of organizing and storing computer files.13

Pada lingkungan Graphical User Interface (GUI) seperti Windows dan

Macintosh, folder adalah suatu objek yang dapat berisi beberapa dokumen. Folder

digunakan untuk menata informasi pada DOS dan UNIX, folder disebut direktori

(directory).14

This container is called a directory in other systems, such as MS-DOS and UNIX. A

folder is a means of organizing programs and documents on a disk and can hold both files

and additional folders.

7. Loan Word

SL: You connect to your email server

11
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 495
12
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 190
13
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 520
14
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 197
 TL: Anda terhubung dengan server email anda

Email means a way of sending messages and data to other people by means of

computers connected together in a network.15

Singkatan dari Electronic Mail. Pesan, biasanya berupa teks, yang dikirimkan

dari satu alamat ke alamat lain di jaringan internet.16

Short for electronic mail. The exchange of text messages and computer files over a

communications network, such as a local area network or the Internet, usually between

computers or terminals.

Server means computer program that controls or supplies information to several

computers connected in a network, the main computer on which this program is run.17

Komputer yang bertugas sebagai (pelayan) jaringan. Server mengatur lalu lintas

data dalam sebuah jaringan dan menyediakan resource yang dapat dipakai oleh

komputer lain yang terhubung dalam jaringannya.18

On a local area network (LAN), a computer running administrative software that

controls access to the network and its resources, such as printers and disk drives, and

provides resources to computers functioning as workstations on the network.

8. Loan Word

SL: Use a picture as a screen saver, wallpaper or a contact item

TL: Gunakan gambar sebagai screen saver, wallpaper atau sebagai item dalam

15
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 428
16
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 164
17
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1215
18
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 372
 kontak

Screen saver means a computer program that replaces a screen display on a

computer with another, moving, display after a particular length of time, to stop the

screen from being damaged.19

Animasi yang ditampilkan apabila tidak ada respon input ke komputer dari user

dalam jangka waktu tertentu (Windows).20

A utility that causes a monitor to blank out or display a certain image after a specified

amount of time passes without the keyboard being touched or the mouse being moved.

Touching a key or moving the mouse deactivates the screen saver. Screen savers were

originally used to prevent images from becoming permanently etched on a monitor’s

screen. Although modern monitors are not susceptible to this problem, screen savers

remain popular for their decorative and entertainment value.

Wallpaper means thick paper, often with a pattern on it, used for covering the

walls and ceiling of a room.21

Background jendela pada layar monitor. Pada wallpaper ini biasanya juga

terletak beberapa icon sebagai jalan pintas untuk menuju suatu aplikasi. Wallpaper ini

juga dikenal dengan istilah Desktop.22

In a graphical user interface such as Windows, a pattern or picture in the screen

background that can be chosen by the user.

19
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1194
20
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 368
21
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1513
22
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 446
9. Loan Word

SL: Select how to download your picture messages

TL: pilih modus download

Download means to move data to a smaller computer system from a larger

one.23

Menyalin data dari server secara remote. Mengambil file atau mentransfer file

dari satu komputer ke komputer lainnya.24

In communications, to transfer a copy of a file from a remote computer to the

requesting computer by means of a modem or network. 2. To send a block of data, such as a

PostScript file, to a dependent device, such as a PostScript printer. Compare upload.

10. Loan Blend

SL: Follow the instructions

TL: Ikuti instruksi-instruksi

Instruction means a piece of information that tells a computer to perform a

particular operation.25

Perintah yang dijalankan oleh komputer dalam menjalankan prosesnya.26

23
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 398
24
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 157
25
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 705
26
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 241
 An action statement in any computer language, most often in machine or assembly

language. Most programs consist of two types of statements: declarations and instructions.

11. Loan Blend

SL: To check the memory status

TL: Untuk memeriksa status memori

Memory means the part of a computer where information stored; the amount of

space in a computer for storing information.27

Bagian dari komputer yang berfungsi untuk menyimpan data dan program.28

A device where information can be stored and retrieved. In the most general sense,

memory can refer to external storage such as disk drives or tape drives; in common usage, it

refers only to a computer’s main memory, the fast semiconductor storage (RAM) directly

connected to the processor.

12. Loan Word

SL: To insert an item in your message

TL: Untuk menyisipkan item ke dalam pesan Anda

Item means one thing in a list of things to buy, do, talk about, etc.29

Barang, menu, unit.30

27
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 833
28
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 290
29
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 722
30
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 254
13. Loan Word

SL: Via another transfer methode

TL: Bila menggunakan cara transfer yang lain

Transfer means to move from one place to another; to move

something/somebody from one place to another.31

penyaluran32

To move data from one place to another, especially within a single computer.

14. Loan Blend

SL: To confirm each entry

TL: Untuk menegaskan setiap entri

Entry means an act of going into or getting into a place.33

Memasukan, mencatatkan. Data-data masukan yang diberikan atau diketikkan

kedalam program melaui terminal selama berlangsungnya proses eksekusi.34

31
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1437
32
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 414
33
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 441
34
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 174
 A unit of information treated as a whole by a computer program. The process of

inputting information.

15. Loan Word

SL: To select a data account

TL: Untuk memilih account data

Account means an arrangement that somebody has with a company that allows

them to use the internet, send and receive message by e-mail, etc.35

Data seseorang atau objek. Account ini menyimpan berbagai informasi tentang

seseorang atau objek yang dimaksud. Misalnya account anda dalam suatu komputer

jaringan, atau pada suatu webserver.36

A record-keeping arrangement used by the vendor of an online service to identify a

subscriber and to maintain a record of customer usage for billing purposes. 2. The record-

keeping mechanism used by networks and multiuser operating systems for keeping track of

authorized users. Network accounts are created by network administrators and are used

both to validate users and to administer policies—for example, permissions—related to

each user.

16. Loan Word

SL: Select a link to stream from

35
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 9
36
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 9
 TL: Pilih satu link untuk melakukan streaming

Link means a connection between two or more people or things.37

Terhubungnya suatu objek dengan objek yang lain.38

To produce an executable program from compiled modules (programs, routines, or

libraries) by merging the object code (assembly language object code, executable machine

code, or a variation of machine code) of the program and resolving interconnecting

references (such as a library routine called by a program).

To stream means a continuous flow of liquid or gas.39

Suatu cara untuk mendapatkan informasi berkelanjutan, misalnya streaming

video pada internet.40

On the Internet, the process of delivering information, especially multimedia sound or

video, in a steady flow that the recipient can access as the file is being transmitted. 2. In

magnetic tape storage devices, a low-cost technique to control the motion of the tape by

removing tape buffers. Although streaming tape compromises start/stop performance, it

achieves highly reliable storage and retrieval of data, and is useful when a steady supply of

data is required by a particular application or computer.

17. Loan Blend

SL: Use the navigation key

TL: Gunakan tombol navigasi

37
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 781
38
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 274
39
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1336
40
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 391
 Navigation means the skill or the process of planning a route for a ship or other

vehicle and taking it there.41

______________________________________

The keys on a keyboard controlling cursor movement, including the four arrow keys

and the Backspace, End, Home, Page Down, and Page Up keys. See also arrow key,

Backspace key, End key, Home key, Page Down key, Page Up key.

18. Loan Word

SL: You can also download new content

TL: Anda juga dapat mendownload content baru

Content means the things that are contained in something.42

Isi. Isi atau substansi Data dan/atau Informasi berupa input dan output dari

penyelenggaraan sistem informasi yang disampaikan pada publik.43

The data that appears between the starting and ending tags of an element in an

SGML, XML, or HTML document. The content of an element may consist of plain text or

other elements. See also element (definition 2), HTML, SGML, tag (definition 3). 2. The

message body of a newsgroup article or e-mail message.

19. Loan Blend

SL: A phone subscription that supports data transmission

41
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 885
42
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 282
43
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 114
 TL: Langganan yang mendukung transmisi data

Transmission means the act or process of something from one person, place or

thing to another.44

Transmisi adalah pergerakan informasi melalui sebuah media telekomunikasi.

Transmisi memperhatikan pembuatan saluran yang dipakai untuk mengirim

informasi, serta memastikan bahwa informasi sampai secara akurat dan dapat

diandalkan.45

Acronym for Transmission Control Protocol. The protocol within TCP/IP that governs

the breakup of data messages into packets to be sent via IP (Internet Protocol), and the

reassembly and verification of the complete messages from packets received by IP. A

connection-oriented, reliable protocol (reliable in the sense of ensuring error-free delivery),

TCP corresponds to the transport layer in the ISO/OSI reference model. See also ISO/OSI

reference model, packet, TCP/IP.

20. Loan Blend

SL: Install the computer synchronization software

TL: Instal di komputer anda perangkat lunak sinkronisasi

Install means to fix equipment or furniture into position so that it can be used.46

Proses pemasangan dan penyetingan perangkat (keras/lunak) agar bisa

digunakan oleh sistem.47

44
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1438
45
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 414
46
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 703
 To set in place and prepare for operation. Operating systems and application

programs commonly include a disk-based installation, or setup, program that does most of

the work of preparing the program to work with the computer, printer, and other devices.

Often such a program can check for devices attached to the system, request the user to

choose from sets of options, create a place for the program on the hard disk, and modify

system startup files as necessary.

Synchronization means to happen at the same time or to move the same speed

as something; to make something to do this.48

Istilah yang digunakan pada bidang komunikasi atau sistem operasi untuk suatu

kejadian yang terjadi pada waktu bersamaan dengan rate yang sama, dan kejadian ini

terjadi berkelanjutan dan dapat diprediksi.49

In networking, a communications transmission in which multibyte packets of data are

sent and received at a fixed rate. See also packet (definition 1). 2. In networking, the

matching of timing between computers on the network. All of the computers are generally

assigned identical times to facilitate and coordinate communications. 3. In a computer, the

matching of timing between components of the computer so that all are coordinated. For

instance, operations performed by the operating system are generally synchronized with

the signals of the machine’s internal clock.

47
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 241
48
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1372
49
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p.397
21. Loan Word

SL: Make sure the infrared port

TL: Pastikan port inframerah

Port means a town or city with a harbor, especially one where ships load or

unload goods.50

Dalam komputer jaringan, istilah ini dianggap sebagai sebuah kanal dalam

sistem komunikasi. Biasanya port ini diberi nomor logic.51

An interface through which data is transferred between a computer and other devices

(such as a printer, mouse, keyboard, or monitor), a network, or a direct connection to

another computer. The port appears to the CPU as one or more memory addresses that it

can use to send or receive data. Specialized hardware, such as in an add-on circuit board,

places data from the device in the memory addresses and sends data from the memory

addresses to the device. Ports may also be dedicated solely to input or to output. Ports

typically accept a particular type of plug used for a specific purpose. For example, a serial

data port, a keyboard, and a high-speed network port all use different connectors, so it’s

not possible to plug a cable into the wrong port. Also called: input/output port.

22. Loan Blend

SL: To use profiles

TL: Untuk menggunakan profil

50
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1022
51
Jack Febrian, Op. Cit., p. 339
 Profile means the outline of a person’s face when you look from the side, not

the front.52

A computer-based record maintained about an authorized user of a multiuser

computer system. A user profile is needed for security and other reasons; it can contain

such information as the person’s access restrictions, mailbox location, type of terminal, and

so on. See also user account.

52
A.S Hornby, Op. Cit., p. 1053