CHESS STRATEGY

and TACTI CS

Fifty Master Games Selected

and Annotated
by

FRED REJNFELD
and
IRVING CHERNEV
 COPYJ,JGHT. 1'46. liT
DAVID MCUY COMPANY
 DEDICATED

To the Memory of William Steinitz

 Preface
The critical acclaim which greeted the original publica-
tion of Chess Strategy and Tactics in 1933 pleased, but did
not surprise, its authors. During the twenties, when so
many notable chess books had appeared in Europe, very
little of importance had been published in the United
States. By 1933 the period of stagnation was coming to an
end: we were producing great players, and deselVed a
chess literature commensurate with our position in the
chess world.

Chess Strategy and Tactics was therefore consciously

prepared with the aim of making it a. milestone in Ameri-
can chess writing. Among the innovations were:
(1) The games were carefully selected for their artistic
merit; for their illustration of some important principle;
and for their exemplification of the style of a great master.
(2) Hackneyed games were avoided. At the time of
original publication, the claim was made that 9070 of the
games had never appeared in English, and that virtually
none of them had appeared elsewhere with good Dotes.
That claim still holds good.
. (3) Each game was preceded by a brief introduction
which described a personality, a style, an opening, a his~
torical trend. The object was to catch the reader's interest,
to give him a clearer insight into the game he was about to
play over.
[vii]
 (4) The authors selected games that had given them
pleasure-a pleasure which they wished to communicate to
the reader. The communication of that pleasw-e should be
basic to every chess book; hence no apology is necessary
for the tone of almost naive enthusiasm which pervades
many of the annotations in the present volume.
(5) The annotations to the first edition were prepared
very painstakingly. They have been studied with the great-
est care and have been thoroughly revised for the present
edition.
(6) The games were arranged in chronological sequence
in order to present a survey of the trends in master chess
from 1870 to 1933.

The authors present this new edition to the chess public

in the hope that the reader will get as much enjoyment
from playing over these games as we did from selecting the
games, discussing them, analyzing them, annotating them
and arguing their respective merits.

(villI
 Contents
1. William Steinitz 3
w. SI'EINII'Z-L PAULSEN. BADEN-BADEN. 1870
2. On Defending Gambits 7
M. TClDGORIN-DR. Eo LASD:R, sr. PEIERSBUflC, 1896
S. The Two Bisbops 10
D. JANOWSXI-E. SCHALLOPP. NtfRNBERc, 1896
4. Tbe Berlin Defense (1) 11
M. PORGES-DR. E. I..ASD:R, NtmNBEll.G, 1896
5. The Berlin Defense (11) 15
H. N. PILLSBURY-DR. S. TA1UlASCH, VIENNA, 1898
6. Cbarousek 20
R. CHAROUS:U:-A. BORN,OOLOCNE, 1898
7. "Tbe Brilliancy Prize" 2S
G. MARc:o--<:. MAB,6cz;y, VIENNA, 1899
8. The Attack on Both Wings 28
H. N. PILLSBURY-M. JUDD. sr. LOUIS, 1901
9. PiIlsbury"s Style 31
H. N. PILLSBURY-II.. SWIDERSKI, HANOVER, 190%
10. A Typical Maxsball ·Swindle· 33
F. J. MARSHA,LL---(;:. MAR(l(), MONTE CARLe>. 190.f.
11. Restraint 37
G. MARCX>-C. scm FI :BIER, MOh"T£, CARLO. 1904-
12. The School of Tarrascb 40
DR. S. TARRASCH-R. 'IElCHMANN, OSTEND, 1905
13. Janowski 45
F. J. MARSHALL-D. JANOWSKI, MATCH, 1905
14. "Cbess Fundamentals· 48
P. S. LEONHAJI.DT--G. MAB6czy. CARLSBAD, 1907

fix)
15. Exploiting Weak Squares 51
DR. E. LA$XEII-L. FOR(;ACS, sr. PEIERSBURG, 1909
16. Dr. Bernstein 54
O. DURA5-DR. O. $. 8~NSTE1N, sr. PEIERSBURG, 1909
17. Carl Schlechter S1
c. SCJn£aITER-DfI. J. PEfIUS, CAlU.SIM.D. 1911
18. Attack and Counter-Attack 61
o. DUl\AS-Eo rolIN, CARLSBAD, 1911
19. Absent-Minded Players 65
J. MIES£S-A. flUBINSTEIN. BRESLAU, 191:1
20. "A Prophetic Game"
A. FLAMBERG-S. LEVITZKY,
ALL-RUSSIAN TOURNAMENT. 1914

21. Pawn Sacrifices 72

c. MAROCZY-DIl.. $. TAlttAXOVEfl, VIENNA. 1920
22. The Center 75
DR. M. EUWE~ BREYER, VIENNA, 1921
23. Steinitz and Nirnzovich 79
WENDEL-A. NIMZOVICH, S'I'CK:lrnOLM, 1921
24. The Modern Rubinstein 82
DR. M. Etl'WE-A. RUBINSTEIN, HACUE, 1911
25. "Plagiarism" 65
DR. S. TARRASCH-fl. REn, VIENNA, 19U
26. Reti 89
•
R. RE:TJ-V. VUXOVICS. VIENNA. 19U
27. "Chess Zoology" 92
DR. s. TABTAXOV~-SIR C. A. THOMAS, CARLSBAD. 1923
26. Premature Attack
•
Eo D. BOCOLYVIlOV-fl 1\ET1, MAHNSCH-osnlAU, 1923

29. The Feint Attack 100

£. D. ac:x;oLYUBOV-A. SELESNXEV, WAJn\lSQI-osTRAU, 1923

[xl
30. Another Immortal Game 104
F. sAM1scH-A. NJM7OVICH, OOPENHACEN, 1923
31. The Defensive Powers of the Knight 106
P. JOHN£Il,-DR. s. TARRASCH, 'IlUESTE, 19:13
32. Logic in Chess UO
A. KUPCHIlC-<. TOIU\E, NEW YORE. 192.5
33. Positional P~ay 114
DR. A. AL£XHlNE-E. roLLE, BADEN·BADEN, 1915
34. Accepting the Queen's Gamhit U8
E. D. 8OCOLYUIlOV-E. GRONFn.D. BADES-BADEN. 1925
35. The Problemist as Tournament Player 121
D. PRZEPlORXA-L. S1'EINER, D£BltJ'CZIN, 19%5
36. Ihe Three Musketeers" 124
DR. A. VAJDA-H. lOdoc:H, DEBREC'L1N, 1915
37. The Semmering Tournament 121
DR. S. TAl'TAXOVER-f\. SPIELMANN. SEMMERlNC, 1926
38. Genius Versus Dogma 131
F. D. YATES-A. TIll Eft, llASTINCS, 1926-1]
39. Theory ilnd Practice 133
B. U/}NUNCER-A,. BECKER, VIENNA, 1917
40. Vienna 137
F. D. YATES-H. KMOCH, LONOON. 1927
41. Botvinnik 144
. E.llABlNOVlCH-M. BOTVINNIX,

ALL-RUSSIAN TOUllNAMENT, 192.7

42. The Old and the New 147
J. R. CAPABLANCA-J. MIFSES, BAD I'JSSINC£N. 1928
43. Spiehnann's Conversion 151
•
R. RETI-R. SPIELMANN, TRENTSCHIN·TEPUTZ, 1918
44. Alekhine at San Remo 134
DR. M. vnlMAR-DR. A. ALEKHIN£, SAN HEMO, 1930

[xi]
45. Noteboom 159
P. FRYDMAN-D. NOTEBOOM. HAMBURG, 1930
45. "The Good Old Days" 163
s. FLOHR-8. LANDAU, ANIWERP. 1930
47. Kashdan 166
L. RELLSTAB-I. KASHDAN. STOCx:HOLM, J 930
48. The Younger Generation 170
v. pmc-G. STOLTZ, PRAGUE, 1930
49. Ehskases 172
1\. SPIELMANN-E. ELlSKASES, MATCH, 193:1
50. Transposition 175
B. HONLINCER-E. ELISXA.SES, VIENNA, 1933
Index of Openings 179

[xii]
CHESS STRATEGY
and TACTICS
 1. William Steinitz
It is only fitting that we should begin the present
volume with a tribute to the founder of modem chess.
To his contemporaries Steinitz was a veritable bull in a
china shop, and the powerful thrusts of his creative
originality aroused in them alarm rather than admira-
tion.
Steinitz's life was one long succession of hardships.
He came of a poverty-stricken family and was a crip-
ple from birth. The best years of his life were squan-
dered under the loathsome necessity of eking out a
'uving" by playing skittle games with prosperous non~
entities; he was continually harried by humiliations,
calumnies, and the complacent ridicule of incompre-
bending fools; he was everlastingly on the brink of star-
vation, and never knew what it meant to be econom-
ically secure.
The crowning mockery of a life of suHering came
when he saw himself decisively trounced by his gifted
disciples-all of them young, fresh, and vigorous, play-
ing against an old man whose spirit was broken by
deaths in his family, ruined by intrigues which robbed
him of his only means of earning a livelihood, who
feebly dragged along his sickly body with the aid of a
cane and crutch, but who still retained the fiery glance
and the indomitable spirit of his earlier years.
[3J
 Steinitz's disciples defeated him with the easily ac-
quired results of his profound insights and his laborious
analyses. His closing years were clouded by grief, ill·
health, and privation, embittered by baffled ambition,
dwindled reputation, and blasted hopes. Small wonder
that his mind gave way under these crushing burdensl
lADEN-lADEN, 1170

Steinitz GambU
WHITE BLACK with at least a draw); 7 Kt-
W. Steinitz l. Paulsen B3, 0-0-01 8 PxKl, B-
1 P-K4 P-K4 QB4! and Black has a power-
2 Kt-QB3 Kt-QB3 ful attack.
8 P-B4 PXP 6 Kt-B3 B-Kt5
4 P-Q4 Q-R5 ch 7 BxP 0-0-0
5 K-K2 • • • • 8 K-K31 • • • •

This famous gambit is the "Merely" threatening to

outstanding example of Stein- win a piece.
itz's fondness for the maxim 8 .... Q-R4
"The King is a fighting 9 B-K2 Q-R4
piece." It may also be that he 10 P-QR3! BXKt
adopted the opening as a 11 KxBI • • • •
way of showing contempt
for the headlong attacks in- "My King likes to go for a
dulged in by his contempo- walk," Doubtless this move
raries. came as a surprise to Paul-
sen. Against 11 BxB he in-
5 • • • • P--<;l3 tended ... P-KKt4; 12 B-
Far inferior to 5 ... p- Kl 3, B-Kt2; 13 Kt-K2, P-
Q41; 6 PxP. B-KI5 eh (or 6 R4; 14 P-RS, KI-B3 with
. . . Q-K2 eh; 7 K-B2, Q-- excellent chances.
R5 eh; 8 K-K2, Q-K2 eh 11 •••• Q-R4ch
[4)
 Now, however, 11 ... p- With visions of an attack
KKt4 would not do because along this file after ... Kt-
of 12 P-QKt4, and if then B5. White's reply to this
... Q-KI3; 13 B-K3 and plausible move must have
White's numerous threats jarred Paulsen a bit!
(14 P-Q5 0' Kt-Q5 0' Kl- 21 P-Kt611 •.••
R4) are embarrassing to A subtle preparation for
meet Odl (altedl P- his next move.
KK14; 12 P-QKI4) 12 . 21 . . . • RPXP
KtxKlP; 13 PXKt QXP; 14 22 RxKtl ••••
KI-Q5, Q-KI7; 15 Q-Q3, B
-Kt2; 16 B-K3 followed by
The strength of this sacri·
fice of the exchange will
17 KR-QKt winning the
soon become apparent.
Queen.
22 • . . • QxR
12 K-K3 Q-R5
23 B-Kt4 ch K-Kt
13 P-QKt4 P-KKI4
24 Kt-Q5 Q-Kt2
14 B-Kt3 Q-R3
25 P-R5 ••.•
15 P-Kt5 QKt-K2
P08ition after White', 25th mDOI'.
16 R-KB Kt-KB3
PAULSEN
17 K-B2 Kt-Kt3
18 K-Kt Q-Kt2
The results of White's
strategy may be summed up
now: Black's attack-such as
it was-has been beaten off,
White's lCing-despite all his
peregrinations-is safely cas~
tIed, he bas a strong center
and his pieces are well
posted for vigorous action 00 STEINITZ
either side of the board. 25 . . . • P-KB4
19 Q-Q2 P-KR3 Curiously enough. Black is
20 P-QU R-Kt quite helpless, as an exami·
[5]
nation of the subjoined anal. Somewhat quicker was Z7
ysis indicates: Q-B3 (with the latal threat
I 25 ... Kt-K2; 26 PxP. 01 28 KtxP) and iI 'l:l ...
PxP (or 26 _.. JCtxJCt; Zl R R-B; 28 Q-RS.
-R8 ch. KxR; 28 Q-R5 ch. Zl . . . . Kt-K2
K-Kt; 29 Q-R7 mate); Z1 Intending to answer 28 Q
KtxP (the threat is 28 Q- -BS with . . . Kt-BS.
B3, Kt-B3; 29 R-R8 ch. K- If instead 27 ... K-B2; 28
B2; 80 Kt-Q5 matel). K- Q-B3 ch. KxKt; 29 R-Kt
B2; 28 Q-B3 ch, KxK, (il ch. K-R2 (29 ... K-R8; 80
28 ... Kt-B3; 29 Kt~5 ch. Q-R mate); 80 Q-RS ch.
K-Kt; 80 Q-R8. QXP ch, K-Kt; 81 QxR ch. K-R2;
81 B-B2); 29 Q-R5 ch. K- 32 R-R mate.
B3; 80 P-Q5 ch. KtxP; 81 28 PXP Q-B2
PxKt mate. White menaced the win
II 25 ... P-QB4 (in order of the Queen by 29 Q-B3,
to exchange Queens); 26 Kt-B3; 80 R-R8 ch. K-B2;
RPXP. QxP ch; 27 QXQ. 81 Kt-Q5 ch, K-Q2; 82 P-
PXQ; 28 Kt-B1 and mate B6 dis ch.
oext move. 29 P-B61 Kt-B3
III 25 ... P-Kt4; 26 P- Refusing to fall for 29 .. .
R6. P-Kt:l (il 26 . . . Kt- QXP; 80 Q-B3, Kt-B3; 81
K2; 'l:l P-R7 ch. K-RI; 28 R-R8 ch. K-B2; 82 Kt-Q5
KtXP mate); Zl P-R7 ch. mate.
K-Kt2; 28 P-R8(Q) ch. 30 P-B4 Kt-R2
RXQ; 29 RxR. KxR; 80 31 Q-R2 Kt-Kt4
KtxBP ch. K-KI2; 81 Kt- 32 Kt-Q5 QXKt
K8. Q-R; 82 Q-B3. Kt-K2 Resigning was a trifle bet-
(othe<Wise 88 B-B8 ch); 88 t ....
KtxP ch. K-R2; 84 Q-R 33 PxQ KtxP
ch winning quickly. 34 Q-R7 ch K-B2
26 RPXP PXKtP 35 R-B ch Kt-B3
Z7 KtXP .... 36 RxKt mate
[6]
 2. On Defending Gambits
A strildng example of Emanuel Lasker's defensive
genius is seen in the variation of the Evans Gambit
which has been named after him. Despite the careful
study and laborious analysis lavished on the opening
for over fifty years by men like Steinitz, Zukertort,
Paulsen, Anderssen, and Neumann. no one-before
Lasker-was able to find a thoroughly satisfactory reply
to this gambit. And yet Lasker's defense is so simple
and SO strong that since its adoption in a few master-
games, the Evans Gambit bas been automatically elimi-
nated from the tournament repertoirel
St. ,nusauRo, 11"
Evans Gambit
WHITE BLACIt so much the direct attack he
M. Tchigorin Dr. E. lasker must endure, as the lack of
1 P-K4 P-K4 development which he must
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-Q83 contend with by reason of
38-84 8--0. White's command of the
4 P-QKt4 OXP center. Whenever Black's
5 P-B3 8-84 pieces are brought out, they
60-0 P--Q3 can be chased away by the
7 P--Q. B~Kt31
hostile Pawns.
In Lasker's defense, how-
The usual play at this ever, we note that Black has
point was 7 ... PXP, 8 PxP, o solid center, which secures
B-Xt3 and White has sev- him from attack and at the
eral strong attacking lines at same time guarantees him a
h;, disposal. The main WHi- nonnal development As a
culty of the variation, from matter of fact, this profound
BlacJ(s point of view, is not idea of Black's holding the
[7]
center originated, not with
Lasker, but with his great
forerunner Steinitz. But
where Steinitz failed-and
where Lasker succeeded-
was in the satisfactory exe-
cution of the plan. In his first
match with Tchigorin, for
example, Steinitz invariably
adopted the following de-
fense: 1 P-K4, P-K4; 2 Kt-
KB3, Kt-QB3; 3 B-B4, B-
B4; 4 P-QKt4, BxP; 5 P-
B3, B-R4; 6 0-0, Q-B3; 7
P~4, KKt-K2; 6 P-QS, Kt
-Q; 9 Q-R4, B-Kt3; 10 B-
KKtS, Q-Q3; 11 Kt-R3, P-
QB3; 12 QR~, Q-Kt; 13
BXK~ KXB; 14 P-Q6 ch, K
-B; 15 Q-Kt4.
A glance suffices to reveal
the execrable state of Black's
game, and one can conceive
no higher opinion of Stein·
itz's genius than by bearing
in mind that despite this
crushing handicap, he was
able to win the match!
8 P-QR4 , , , ,
White, to be sure, could
win back his Pawn by 8 PxP,
PXP; 9 QXQ ch, KtxQ; 10
KtxP. B-K3, but his Queeo·
[8]
side Pawns would be weak
and his game undeveloped.
And here we see the main
strength of Lasker's defense:
when White adopts the
Evans he wants to play an
"immortal" game; instead he
is confronted with the uo-
pleasant alternative of (1)
turning into a dry ending in
which he has to work bard
to stave off defeat, or (2)
giving up the Pawn for a
slight semblance of an attack
that can be parried with
ease.
Thus it is clear that
White's last move is merely
a gesture, as if White were
trying to convince himseH
that be has an attackl
8 • • • • Kf-B3
A simple move, but a very
effective one.
9 8-QKtS ••••
Preventing Black from
castling because of 10 BXKt,
PXB; 11 P-RS.
9 ..•. P-QR3
10 BxKt ch PXB
11 P-R5 B--R2
12 Pxp KtxP
13 Q-K2 ••••
 Here he might at any rate after 16 . . . BXKt in view
have recovered his Pawn of his weak Queen-side
with Q-R4; but he feels that Pawns and the Bishops of
he must attack, hence be opposite colors. But it is sig-
plays the objectively weaker nificant to note that White is
move. already reduced to tempo-
13 . . . . P-Q4 rary expedients and petty
14 Kt_Q4 • • • •
threats.
This move looks like an 17 Q-Kt3 • • • •

oversight, but it is more

Now Black cannot castle.
probably a last desperate at·
because of 18 B-R6, BXP,
tempt to save the game: evi-
19 QXB. PXB; 20 KtxP.
dently he does not foresee
etc., while 17 . . . P-Kt3
Lasker's 17th move.
would be bad because of
14 . . .. K,XQBPI B-Kt5-B6.
15 K,xKI BXKt
forition alteT Black's 15th mow.
17 . . . . B-K31
18 B-Kt5 • • • •

--
DR. LASKER
After 18 QxP Black would
obtain a crushing attack on
the KKt Sle by 18 ... K--Q2
followed by ... R-KKt
18 . . .. Q-QZ
19 QR-B P-KB3!
20 PXP PXP
21 B-54 R-KK'
22 Q-B3 0-0-0
TCHIGORIN 23 KR-K P-B5!

16 Q-Q3 P-QB"! White threatened Q-K2,

It is very questionable 24 Q-KZ B-KB4
whether Black could win 25 Q-R2? , , ..
[9]
 White is wholly intent on 0, 26 KXR, B-R6 ch; 27
his attacl::ing plans. K-R. Q-KtS.
25 . • •. RxP chi
26 . . • • RxP
The reductio ad absurdum Zl Resigns
of White's whole conception
of the game. H Z7 Kt-K2, B-K5 ch, 0'
26 K-R • • • • Z7 B-Q2, Q-Q3.

3. The Two Bishops

The danger of accepting the Queen's Gambit is well
illustrated in this piquant little game. Janowski demon-
strates this impressively, plays his Bishops artistically,
makes some surprise moves and offers the sacrifice of
two Rooks. All this in seventeen movesl
NURNIERG. 1196
Queen's Gambit Accepted
WHITE BLACK underlying this theory is that
D. Janowski E. Schallopp the Knights may reach their
1 P-Qol P-Qol best squares in one move (in
2 P-QB4 pxp most cases KBS or QB3) but
:3 Kt-KB3 P-QB4 the Bishops must be posted
4 P-K3 PXP according to the trend of the
5 PXP B-Kt5 game, and their best squares
cannot be determined too
Black wishes to develop early in the game.
this Bishop before he plays
... P-K3. but his idea is 68xP P-K3
against the principle of de-
Black had to prevent 7
veloping Knights before
BxPch.
Bishops. En pass3nt. it may
be mentioned that the idea 7 Q-U ch Kt-63
[10]
 Forced as 7 . . . Kt-Q2 no time for Pawn snatching,
would lose by 8 Kt-KS this is the only move he can
(threatening 9 KtxKt fol- make, which will protect his
lowed by 10 B-QKt5 as well QBP.
as 9 KtxB), Kt-B3; 9 B- 12 B-QSI ••••
KKt5, B-KB4, 10 KtxKt. A little gift which Black
8 Kt-K5 QxP would rather not accept. But
9 KtXKI Q-K5 ch there is no choice.
10 B-K3 PXKt 12 . . . . pxB
11 KI-B3 QxP 13 QxP ch K-Q
While Black knows this is 14 QXR ch K-Q2
Position after Black's 11th move. 15 Q-KI7 ch K-K3
16 Q-B6 ch B-Q3
SCHALLOPP
17 B-B41 Resigns
Jl17 ... QXR eh, 18 K-
Q2. QXR, 19 QxB ell, and
mate in two follows.
Curiously, in spite of Jan-
owski's energetic conduct of
the White side, he himself
was partial to the acceptance
of the gambit Pawn, as it led
to open positions in which he
felt himself at home.
4. The Berlin Defense (I)
The following game is an excellent illustration of
"Lasker tactics." Selecting a defense which gives him a
cramped game, he watches alertly for the slightest slip
on his opponent's part. As soon as the opportunity
offers, he institutes a vigorous counter-attack, gives his
opponent no breathing space, and concludes with an
artistic mating combination.
[11]
 NaRNIERG, 1196
Ruy Lopez
WHITE BLACK: Queen and ICR on the
Bishop). The result would
M. Porges Dr. E. Lasker
be an irremediable weaken-
1 P-K4 P-K4
ing of Black's Queen-side
2 Kt-KB3 Kt--QB3
Pawns.
3 B-Kt5 Kt-B3
Black. however, sizes up
40-0 KtxP
the position somewhat in this
5 P-Q4 8-K2
fashion: it is true that his de-
6 Q-K2 Kt--Q3
velopment is backward and
7 BxKt KtPX8
that the Knight is badly
8 PXP Kt-Kt2
placed; but this state of af-
The "normal position" of faiTs is only temporary, for
this defense. White has good after he castles, he can bring
reason to be satisfied with his Knight to the excellent
his game. His development square K3 (via B4) where
bas been more rapid and he he will strike effectively at
will have excellent squares the center squares. Further·
for his pieces. It is clear that more, Black can play P-B3
the Black Pawns will be to force the exchange of the
quite weak and that White enemy's KP after which the
will be able to post his Rooks pressure on his Pawns would
to great advantage on the be relieved. In addition the
center files. He will place the exchange would enable him
QR on the Q file to hinder to bring the QR to the K
the advance of Black's QP; file (embanassing White's
the KR belongs on the K file Queen) while the open KB
so that in case Black does ad- file in conjunction with the
vance the QP, White will two sweeping Bishops would
capture it, forcing his oppo- give him good attacldng
nent to retake with the chances.
Bishop (because the Pawn
capture would unmask the 9 P--QKt3? • • • •
[12)
 But this is wholly irrele· Q-Q3, ... Kt-B4 drives the
,-ant to the considerations we Q back to the K file.
have set forth. The Sanchet- 13 KR-K ....
toed Bishop is not particu-
larly well placed as he exerts A temporary makeshift.
no pressure on Blacks' posi- 13 . . . . B-Q2
tion. 14 Kt-K4? ••••
9 . . . • 0--0 Relatively best was 14 Q-
10 8-Kt2 P-Q4 B, a sorry admission of
This enables Black to White's helplessness. The
equalize. text move merely loses a
11 pxp (e. p.) .•• tempo, thus helping Black
in his plans.
0, Il QKt--Q2, Kt-B4;
12 Kt-Q4, B-R3; 13 p- 14 . . . . P-Q4
QB4, Q-Q2 followed by , , , P08it1on after Brack', 14th moot.
Kt-K3 with excellent pros-
pects. DR. LASKER

Il " , . Pxp
12 QKt-Q2 R-Kt
Beginning White's pun-
ishment for his slipshod and
aimless development. It
should be noticed that Black
carries out everything he
aimed for in playing this
variation, whereas White is
oompletely at sea after PORGES
twelve moves. Black's last
move, which will soon 15 QKt-Q2 ••••
threaten . . . B-QR6, is a 15 Kt-Kt3, B-QKt5
very difficult one to meet would cost the exchange. Or
adequately. If in reply 13 if 15 Kt-B3?, B-QR6 wins.
[13)
 15 ..•• B-QR6 wins; likewise 22 QR-Q
16 B-K5 P-B3 would be answered by 22
17 Q-R6 • • • • •••. P-B4.
All this is forced. 22 . . . . Kt-B41
17 . . • . PxB The Kt enters with power-
18 QXB .••• ful effect. 22 ... P-B4 would
QXKt would be even not have been so good be-
worse for after 18 ... P-Ks cause of 23 Kt-B2, PXP; 24
he could not answer 19 Kt- KtxP.
Q4 because of . . . B-Kt7. 23 Kt-B Q-Kt3
White has maintained equal- 24 R-K3 Kt-Q6
ity in material but at what 25 Q-Q Kt-B5
a cost in positionl
Threatening mate as well
18 . . . . P-K5
as ... Kt-R6 ch winning the
19 Kt-Q4 Q-831
Queen.
Black has attained his ob-
26 Kt-Kt3 P-KR41
jective. All his pieces are ad-
27 Kt(Q4)-K2 KtxPI
mirably placed for a K side
28 KxKt pXP oh
attack, while White's pieces
29 RxP B-R6 chi
are disorganized and ineffec-
80 KXB • • • •
tive.
20 P-QB3 R-KB ili 80 K-B2, B-Kt5; 31
21 P-B3 .... RxR oh, RxR chi 32 K-K3
(82 K-Kt, P-R5; 88 Q-Q2.
Not 21 R-KB. Q-KI4; 22 BxKt; 34 QXB, PXKt; 35
Q-B, B-R6. P-R3. R-B7), P-R5. 30 • ..
21 . . . . Q-Kt41 P-R5 would also suffice to
22 Q-B • • • • win after 30 K-B2.
The Kt cannot move be- 80 .. .. Q-Kt5 oh
cause of 22 P-B4 fol~ 31 K-Kt2 QxR oh
lowed by 23 PxP and 32 K-Kt • • • •
[14]
 If 32 K-R3, Q--Kt5 ch; 33 cipient difficulty which Blaclc
J(-Kt2, P-R5. has to face (i. e. his Pawn
32 .. . • P-R5 position) is not insurmount-
33 Kt-R ...• able and in any event is CQfi1-
peosated for by his free posi-
If 33 Kt-KB, P-R6.
tion and excellent develop-
33 • • • • Q-K6 ch ment. Such a conclusion
White resigns, for 34 K- would be erroneous, as we
Kt21eads to a pretty mate by shall see from our study of
... P-R6 ch. the game that practically re-
Judging by this game, we moved the Berlin Defense
lQ'light conclude that the in- from tournament practice.

5. The Berlin Defense (II)

From our study of the previous game we have seen
that the Berlin Defense is plausibly motivated, since it
gives Black a free game and-on occasion-good attack-
ing chances. For fully sixty years (a long time in chess
history) this defense held sway above all others, and
hence it is worthwhile to examine the game which con-
clusively refuted it. Beside its historical interest, the
game deserves the attention of the student as being the
first example of the celebrated "Pillsbury bind." This
consists in the placement of one's Knight at QB5, in situa e

tions where the oppcment does not command the square

either with a Pawn or Bishop. Since Pillsbury's day.
many masters have applied this stratagem with winning
results. In this game we have a convincing example of
the effectiveness of the bind.

[15]
 VIINNA, 119.

HUll Lopez
WHITE BLACIt A decisive mistake. Here
H. N. Pillsbury Dr.S. Torrosch Black must try the Rio de
1 P-K< P-K.4 Janeiro Variation (diseov-
2 Kt-K83 KI-QB3 ereel several years after the
3 8-Kt5 KI-83 present game): 13 ... p-
40-0 KtXP QB4; 14 B-K3, P-Q4; 15
5 P-Q< B-K2 PxP(e.p.),BxP.Ascompen_
6 Q-K2 Kt-Q3 sadon for his weak Queen-
78XKt KtPX8 side Black has a free, open
8 pxp Kt-Kt2 game with two powerful
9 Kt-B3 0-0 Bishops. and if he can ex-
10 R-K change his KB for White's
• • • •
Knight he is abnost sure of a
In order to prevent the ad- draw because of the result-
vance of Black's QP, which ing Bishops of opposite color
would now be answered by -once more an indication of
11 PxP (e.p.), BxP; 12 B- the practical resourcefulness
KtS and Black's position is of this defeose, as opposed
very difBcult. to its inadequacy from the
An even stronger method theoretical point of view.
of exerting pressure on After 10 Kt-Q41, however.
Black's Pawns is Schlechter's Black would not have this
move 10 Kt-Q41 which does continuation at his disposal.
not allow the simplifying Despite the fact that Pills-
line mentioned in the note hwy did not choose the abo.
to Black's 13th move. jectively best method, the
present game is nevertheless
10 , . _ . Kt-84 very significant, because it
11 Kt-Q< Kt-K3 supplied the whole underly-
12 B-K3 KtxKt ing idea of White's strategy.
13 BXKt P-Q4 the method might be i"..
[16)
prooed upon $Ubsequentty.
"'" the pi<>n could no! be
~sededJ
14 Kt-R41 ••••
With this move begins the
blockade of Black's Queen-
side. Sooner or later White
will play B-BS, exchange
the Bishop, and plant his
Knight at B5.
14 . . . . &-QKt.51
A masterly reply to White's
threat. Tarrasch wishes to
bring the Bishop to QKt3. so
that if White plays BxB,
Black can retake with a
Pawn. guarding his QB4 and
preventing the inroad of
White's Knight.
15 P-QB3 8-R4
16 Q-R5!1 • • • •
This move has the appear-
ance of being an aimless
demonstration. In reality it
is the first step of a profound
plan whose object is to force
Black. to exchange his lCD.
The idea is as follows:
Up to this point Black: bas
been able to frustrate his op-
pooenfs designs on the
[l7)
Queen-side. In order to do
this, however, be has had to
remove his most important
defensive piece from tho
King's wing. Hence Pillsbury
plans to take advantage of
the Bishop's absence by in-
stituting a powerful King.
side attack. This attack, it is
true, can be panied, but only
at the expense of exchang-
ing Bishops. In this profound
manner does White achieve
his goal.
16 . . . . B-Kt3
17 R-K3 B-K3
18 R-K.3 K-R
Else White can foree an
acute weakening of the Black:
squares by Q-R6.
19 QR-Q Q-1<2
Now Tarrasch (who seems
to have worked himself
nicely out of his difficulties)
m.ends ... P-QB4.
20 P-Kt4! 8X8
The exchange is hardly to
be avoided. as White threat-
ens P-lCB4, etc.
21 RXB ••••
 has t1uee beautiful squares
DR. TARRASCH at his disposal (Q4, QR5 and
QB5) from which he canDot
be dislodged, and where he
plays an important part in
tying up Black's game. Black's
Bishop, on the other hand, is
wretchedly placed, as he is
hemmed in by his own
Pawns and degraded to a
purely defensive position.
Finally, there is a great
PILLSBURY qualitative disparity in the
powers of the respective
Now the Rook comes pow-
Kings. White can play his
erfuIly into play at this
point. White has two uncle- King to QB5 or QR6, attack-
niable advantages: (1) his ing Black's weak Pawns, and
position for the ending is su. in that event his opponent
perior. On the King-side he must follow suit and pas~
has a clear majority of Pawns, sively defend his Pawns.
from which a passed Pawn In short, the end-game is
will result in due course. practically untenable for
(While Black, to be sure, has Black.
a corresponding preponder- The middle-game position
ance of Pawns on the Queen's is likewise unfavorable for
side it is clear that his Pawns Black, in view of the oppo-
are worthless, for they are nent's attacking possibilities.
fixed on their squares and The immediate dangers of
cannot advance.) his position induce Tarrasch
Secondly, the Knight is to lead into the ending with
vastly superior to the Bishop his next move, a policy for
in this type of ending. In the which he has been criticized
present position the Knight by annotators who appar-
[18)
ently did not fully compre- still further. Sooner or later
hend the difficulties involved. he would have to relieve the
21 • • • • P-B3 pin by . . . B-B2, which
would be unfavorable to him
One critic for example rec- -for, as we have seen from
ommends ..... P-KR3, and the note to White's 21st
if 22-R-R4, then 22 ... B- move, every exchange is in
B4."Yn that event White wins \Vhite's favor.
immediately by 23 RxPl
QxR (fo,ced); 24 QXQ, 26 P-B3 P-KI3
KxR; 25 Q-B6 chi
The great analyst Marco Somewhat better was ...
succeeded. however. in dem- QR-KB. The text-move
costs a Pawn.
onstrating a very ingenious
drawing line: 21 ... P-R41; 27 R-K7 R-B2
22 R-R4, B-B4; 23 R (Kt3)
-R3. P-Kt4!1 and White On . . . R-QB White
must take a perpetual check could play Kt-R6. followed
by 24 QXP ch-an indica- by the march of the K to
tion of the inexhaustible rich- QB5.
ness and variety of chess.
28 R-K6 P-QR4
22 Kt-BS! .•.•
Desperation.
The famous PillsbUJ"Y Bind.
22 . • . . PXP 29 P-QR41 • • • •
23 QXP Q-B3 In addition to his other
24 QXQ .... advantages. White now ob-
QXB? would of course be tains a fonnidabJe passed
a gross blunder. Pawn.
24 . . . . RXQ
29 . . . . K-Kt2
25 R-K3 8-Kt
30 RxBP R-K2
Black avoids . . . R-K. 31 K-B2 pXP
which would tie up his game 32 PXP 1>-82
(19)
 The student should com- 34 Kt-R6 R-Kt2
pare the aimless wanderings 35 Kt-Kt4 R-R2
of this Bishop with the pow· 36 R-R6 RXR
erfully placed Knight, who 37 KtXR K-B3
without making a move, 38 R-Q2 P-B3
completely paralyzes Black's Else R-B2 follows.
game. 39 P-Kt6 ....
Another nail in Black's cof~
33 P-Kt5 R-QKt 6n.
39 . . . . B-K3
Temporarily impeding the 40 Kt-B5 B-B
advance of the RP, but the 41 P-R5 Resigns
all-powerful Knight soon Pillsbury played the end·
frustrates this design. ing with faultless precision.

6. Charousek
Charousek occupies an anomalous position in chess
history. Many players have never even heard of him,
some neglect him, while a select few merely misunder-
stand him. His style represents a sort of half-way house
between two schools of chess thought. Like the masters
of the Morphy-Anderssen period, he often played the
King's Gambit. But unlike the masters of the Morphy-
Anderssen period, he rarely won these games brilliantly.
His specific contributions-such concepts as the intro-
duction of positional motifs and playing for the ending
in gambit openings I-distinctly point the way toward
modem tendencies. This view of Charousek's style,
based on a careful examination of his games, presents a
contrast to the popular conception of him as an anachro-
nistic, belated romanticist.
[20]
 COLOGNE. 11911

Kieseritzky Gambit
WHITE BLACK ch in addition to a discoY~
R. Charousek A. Bum ered check with the Kt.
1 P-K'( P-K.( 9 Q-K21 BXP
2 P-KB.4 pxp
... Q-KtS ch would obYi~
3 Kt-KB3 P-KKt"
ously be inferior.
Black's safest continuation
10 P-83 B-Kt2
is undoubtedly 3 . . . Kt-
11 Kt-K31 ••••
KB31 4 Kt-B3 (P-K5, Kt-
R4, etc.), P-Q4 and after 5 A strong move, especially
pXP, KtxP or 5 P-K5, Kt- in combination with the foI~
K5 Black has nothing to fear. lowing maneuver.
4 P-KU P-KtS 11 .. .. Q-K3
5 Kt-K5 B-Kt2
Black has no better way of
This is of course far more guarding against the threat~
preferable to the "pre- ened invasion of the Kt. If
historic" line (prevalent in for example 11 ... Kt-KB3;
Morphy's day) of 5 ... p- 12 Kt-BS. QXQ ch; 12 BxQ
KR4; 6 B-B4, R-R2; 7 P- White regains his Pawn with
Q4. P-B6; 8 P-KKI3. elc. a superior position.
Or if instead 5 . . . Kt- 12 P-KKt3! • •
KB3; 6 B-B4, P-Q4; 7 PXP.
B-Q3; 8 0-017 BxKt; 9 R- To think of 6anchettoing
K. Q-K2; 10 P-B3! would in a King's Gambitl
lead to the much disputed 12 . . . . 0-0
Rice Gambit. 13 B-R3 P--K~
6 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 14 0-0 P--Q3
7 KtxKtP KtXP 15 Kt-Q2 .•••
8 BxP Q-K2 Getting rid of the enemy's
Threat~g . . . Q-Kt5 only weU-deveioped piece
[211
and at the same time clear- purpose of forcing the ad-
ing the K file for his Rooks. vance of the hostile KBP and
15 • . . • KtXKt thus weakened the diagonal
QR2-KKt8, Charousek pro-
White threatened 16 KtxP!
ceeds to exploit the resulting
16 QXKt Kt-B3 weakness.
17 QR-K ..•.
18 .. • • K-R
In return for his Pawn
Black's position is very
White has obtained a vastly
difficult. He cannot play 18
superior development and a
. . . B-K3 because of 19
promising position which he
KtxPI QXKt; 20 RxB, nor
utilizes in impeccable fash-
ion. 18 ... Kt-K4; 19 B-Q5, B-
K3; 20 BxKt, PxB, 21 KtxP
17 . . . . Q-B2 with a winning attack as the
In order to protect himself threats of Kt-R6 ch, KtxB,
against KtXP! or Kt-Q4 cannot all be par-
Position otter Black's 17th move. ried.
BURN 19 Kt-Q51 .. , .
Still preventing the devel-
opment of the QB.
19 . . . . Kt-K4
20 B-Kt51 P-B3
21 Kt-B4J P-Q4
0, 21 ... P-KR3; 22 B-
K7, QXB; 23 RxKtI Q-Q
(23 ... Q-B2; 24 R-K7, Q
-B3; 25 P-R5 with advan-
CHAROUSEK
tage); 24 Kt-Kt6 ch, K-Xt;
18 B-Kt21 •••• 25 R-K2, R-B2; 26 KR-K
Very fine! Now that the and wins.
Bishop has accomplished his 22 P-RSI
[22J
 •
Blackhas novalid defense. 32 Q-K51); 32 RxR and
If for example 22 . . • p- wins.
KR3; 23 RXK.I, PxB (23 23 P-R6 • • • •
... BxR; 24 Kt-Kt6 ch fol-
lowed by KtxB); 24 R-K71 Now follows a catastrophe
Q-B3; 25 K.-Kt6 ch, K-Kt; along the long diagonal, once
26 KR-K, R-B2; 27 BXP, the protecting B is removed.
PxB; 28 QXQP (.meaten- 23 . . . . B-B3
ing to win the Q by 29 RXR, 24 BXB ch QXB
QxR; 80 R-K8 ch), B-B; 25 Kt-R5 Q-Q3
29 R-K8, K-Kt2; 80 KtxB, 0, ... Q-K.3; 26 Q-Q4,
RxKt (or 80 ... Q--K.3 ch: QR-K; RxKt winning eas~
31 K-B, Q-R3, ch: 32 P- ily.
B4, RxK.; 33 KR-K7 ch
and wins); 31 KR-K7 ch, K 26 RXKtI QxR
27 R-K Resigns
-R3 (after 31 ... R-B2; 32
P-R6 chi wins oubight- Fo, after ... Q-Q3; 28
likewise after 31 ... K-R; Q-Q4 ch wins.

7. "The Brilliancy Prize"

This unfortunate phrase is for some reason or other
conceived to be a translation of the German "Sch6n-
heitspreis" (prize for the most beautiful game). To be
beautiful, a game must be 'brilliant," brimming over
with sacrifices, with pieces £lung away pell~mel1. Oc-
casionally, however, it does happen that the judges have
the rare good taste to award the prize to a really beauti~
ful game. The recognition of Mar6czy's superb artistry
in end-game play is a case in point.

[23J
 VIENNA, 1899

French Defense
WHITE BLACK; ,ame noble thoughts of
G. Marco G. Maroczy peace.
1 P-U P-K3 17 . . . . P-R3
2 P-Q.4 P-Q.4 18 Q-Kt K-8
3 PXP ...• 19 RXR ch KIXR
A not too subtle method 20 P-R3 Q-Q
of revealing his paciBc in- 21 Q-K G>-K2
tentions. 22 QxQ ch • • • •

3 . . . . PXP At this point both players

4 Kt-KB3 B-Q3 would have been content
5 B-Q3 Kt-KB3 with a draw, but "unfortu-
More aggressive would be nately" the tournament regu-
· .. Kt-QB3, ... KKt-K2, lations did Dot permit a
· . . B-KKt5, . . . Q-Q2, draw before the thirtieth
· .. 0-0-0 etc. move.
60-0 0-0 22.. .. KXQ
7 P-B3 P-B3
8 B-KKt5 B-KKt5 Black has obtained an ad·
9 QKt-Q2 QKt-Q2 vantage of a sort (be has
10 G>-B2 G>-B2 gained three full tempi) but
11 KR-K QR-K one could hardly foresee at
12 B-R4 B-R4 this point the creation of one
13 B-Kt3 BXB of the most beautiful end-
14 RPXB B-'I(t3 games in the whole history
15 RXR RXR of chess.
16 BxB RPXB 23 K-B KI-Q3
17 R-K .... 24 K-K2 P-B3
It is evident that both 25 Kt-K P-QKt.4
players are animated by the 26 P-QKt.4 . -. .
[24]
 "Analysts who can hear Here P-Kt3 and Kt-Q3
the grass grow (but who are would still sa,,/'! the game.
unreceptive to any louder 32 . • . • K-Q3
sounds) maintained-after 33 K-K2? • • • •
the game, of course-that
this move compromises This is White's last op{M)r-
White's position irretriev- tunity to hold the position
ably." (M....6czy) byKt~.

26 . . . . Kt-Kt3 S3 ..•• K-B21

Zl P-B3 Kt(Kt3)-B5 The key to the positionl
28 Kt-Kt • • • • The King is to be brought to
Simplest and best would Kt3 in order to support the
have been 28 KtxKt etc. But advance of the Pawn to R5
Marco was prayerfully -where it will no longer be
awaiting the 30th move. liable to attack. Then the
King will be brought to
28 ...• Kt-B41 KR6 (!) in order to maneu·
29 P-Kt4 Kt(B4}-K6 vcr White into Zugzwang,
3Q K-B2 which will o...entually lead
Why not simply 30 P-Kt3 to the win of the RPI Swely
followed by Kt-Q3--BS? a grand conception!
34 K-B2 K-Kt3
30 . . . . P-Kt4
31 K-K2 .... 35 K-K2 ••..

And now 31 Kt-Q3 was 35 Kt-Q3 would simply

far superior, for if 31 ... Kt lose a Pawn now after . . .
-B7; 32 Kt-BS, Kt(B7)x Kt-B7, Black's RP being
RP; 38 KtxKt; KtxKt; 34 K protected.
-K2! (not 34 KtXP?, Kt- 35 • . . . P-R4
Kt81) followed by 35 KtxP. 36 K-B2 P-R5

31 . . . . P-Kt3 The first part of the plan

32 K-B2 •.•• is completed.
[2S]
 37 K-K2 K-B2 Posffion after Black's 53rd move.
38 K-B2 K-Q3 MAROCZY
39 K-K2 K-K2
40 K-B2 K-B2
41 K-K2 K-Kt2
42 K-B2 K-R2
43 P-Kt3
It does Dot make much
difference whether White
makes this move or not. The
entrance of Black's King can-
not be hindered. MARCO

43 •••• K-R3 54 Kt-Q3

44 K-K2 P-KB41
Or 54 Kt-Kt6 ch, K-Kt4;
45 PXP pXP
55 Kt-K5, Kt(B7)xRP;
46 K-62 K-R4
I. 56 KtxKt(B4), KtxKt
47 K-K2 P-B5!
(B5); 57 K-K2, P-R6.
Forcing the entry of the II. 56 KtXKt(R3), KtxKt
Black King. (RB); 57 KtXP, Kt-B5; 58
Kt-R5, KtxKt.
48 PXP pxp Black wins easily in either
49 K-62 K-Kt4 event.
50 K-K2 K-R5
54 . . . . Kt(B7)XRP
51 K-B2 K-R6!
Thus Black has success-
The second step. fully carried out his plan.
Marco hwnorously ob- Two further tasks remain:
serves that this move wins (1) to dispose of White's
the BPI For if 52 K-K2, K- KBP, and (2) to bring the
Kt£; 53 K-Q3, K-B71 King to the Queen-side.
52 Kt-Q3 Kt-B7 55 KtxKt KtxKt
53 KtxP ch K-RS 58 Kt-B ••••
[26]
 · .. Kt-Kt8 was threat~ 68 . . . . Kt-Kt71
eoed. 69 Kt-8 ....
56 . . . . Kt-Kt8 PoritU:m a/teT White', 69th moDe.
57 Kt-R2 K-R6 MAROCZY
Again bringing about a
Zugzwang position.
58 K-K3 ••..
Or 58 P-KIl4, K-Kt5, 59
K-K3, Kt-R6, 50 Kt-B, Kt
_B5 ch.
58 . . . . K-Kt6
59 P-KB4 K-Kt5
60 P-85 KxP
61 K-Q3 K-85 :MARCO
62 Kt-8 K-B6 69 . . . . Kt-Q611
63 K-B2 Kt-R6 ch A beautiful move which
64 K-Q3 K-B7 has much more behind it
65 K-Q2 Kt-85 ch than the obvious 70 KtxKt,
66 K-Q .... P-R7; 71 K-Kt2, KXKt, etc.
White fights hard to stave 70 Kt-Kt3 ....
off the invasion of the ene- At this point Marco (who
my's King. If instead 66 K-· loved to point out the Raws
Q3, K-K8, 67 K-B2 (or 67 in other annotators' criticisms
Kt-R2, K-Q8), Kt-K6 ch; of master play) remarks,
68 K-Q3, K-Q8, 69 Kt-R2, "Mr. Hoger-in The Field'-
Kt-BS wins the Knight. suggests Kt-R2 as a better
66 . . . . K-K6 move and gives the follow-
67 K-B2 P-R61 ing proof: 70 Kt-R2, Kt-
68 Kt-R2 •••• K8 ch; 71 K-Q, K-Q6, 72
68 K-Kt3 would lose the KXK~ K-B7, 73 K-K2, K-
Knight after ... K-Q7, 69 Kt7, 74 K-Q2, KxKt, 75 K
Kt-R2, K-Q8. -B2, K-R8, 76 K-B, P-R7,
[27J
77 K-B2. P-B4; 78 KtPxP. 74 Kt-B2 ch K-B6
P-Kt5; 79 PXP-stalematel'" 75 K-Q ...•
Mar6czy pointed out the
Not 75 K.xP. K-Kt1.
fallacy in this analysis: 70
K.-R2. K-K7! 71 K-KtS. 75 . . . . P-R7
K-Q1; 72 KxP. K-B1 and 76 K-B P-Q5
"White is squeezed to death." 77 Kt-R P--Q6
70 . • • . KI-K8 ch 78 Kt-B2 •..•
71 K-Q K-Q61 A last attempt to obtain a
72 KXKt KxP stalemate.
73 Kt-R KxQPf
78 . . . . P-B41
Naturally avoiding 73 ...
K-Kt1; 74 K-Q2, KxK.; 75 White resigns, for 79 PxP
K-Bl etc. allows a mate in two.

8. The Attack on Both Wings

The following game is so "absurdly simple" that its
inclusion demands an explanation to the initiated and
an apology to the supercilious reader. It is true that the
problems of modem chess are complex and subtle. It is
also true that the technique which is used to solve them
would never have been possible without the great crea-
tive contributions of masters such as Pillsbury.
This insufficiently appreciated genius perfected the
Queen's Gambit, which is now the routine acquisition
of every amateur; he contributed a great deal to the
theory of the Ruy Lopez. rehabilitated the Petroff De-
fense, and would no doubt have accomplished even
more in this field, but for his untimely death. Together
with Steinitz, Lasker, Tarrasch, Mar6czy, and Schlech.
ter he was instrumental in refining end-game tech-
[28)
nique; but tmlike most of his contemporaries (and this
is an interesting characteristic in common with the
Hypennocierns) his play was always fresh and enter·
prising. without thereby losing in soundness and pro-
fundity.
h. lOUIS. 1901

Ruy Lopez
• •
WHITE BLACE Tarrasch, strikes eHecnvely
H. N. Pillsbury M. Judd at Black's King-side.
1 P-K4 P-K4 10 . . . . R-K
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-QB3 11 B-Kt2 B-B
:3 B-Kt5 Kt-B3 12 KR-K P-KKt3
4 0-0 P-Q3 The fianchetto of the
5 P-Q4 B-Q2 Bishop is the indicated plan
6 Kt-B3 B--K2 for Black, but should have
7 BX Kt . . . • been preceded by ... B--Q2.
This, coupled with the 13 KtxB PxKt
next move} is one of the best The manner in which Pills.
ways to proceed against the bury simultaneously exploits
Steinitz Defense. Black's weakness on both
7 . . . . BxB Banks is the chief feature of
8 Q-Q3 PxP the rest of the game.
9 KtxP 0-0 14 Q-B4 Q-Q2
It is customary to retreat 15 QR-Q B-Kt2
... B-Q2. Black seemingly 16 Kt-R41 Kt-R4
does not fear KtxB, PxKt 17 BXB KtxB
because it would free his 18 Kt-BS Q-B
cramped position somewhat 19 Kt-Q31 Q-Kt2
10 P-QKt3! .... 20 Kt-K141 ....
This development of the The maneuvers with the
Bishop, originated by Dr. Knight are very finely
[29]
thought out; Black must now -QB4; 31 Kt-Q5, R-K4; 32
play ... P-QB4, whereupon P-KB4 and wins.
White brings the Knight to But 25 ... Q-B21 holds out
Q5 with decisive effect. longer.
20 . . . . P-QB4 26 P-KKt41 ••••
21 Kt-Q5 R-K3 This forces the win.
22 P-K5! ....
28 . • . . Kt-Q5
Threatening 23 Kt-B6 ch,
K-R; 24 Q-KR4. Ct. the If 26 Kt-K2; 27 Kt-Q6
note to Black's 13th move. or 26 Kt-Kt2; 27 p-
Kt5, R-Kt; 28 Kt-B6 ch, K-
22 . • • • pxp
R; 29 R~Q7, etc.
23 QxP P-QB3
Black has nothing better. Position after Black's 26th nwv8.
24 Kt-B3 QR-K JUDD
25 Kt-K4! .•••
A very agile Knight.
25 • . • • Kt-B4
It is difficult to find a good
defense against the threat of
Kt-Q6, e.g.
I. 25 ... R(K)-K2; 26 R
-Q8 ch, Kt-K (26 ... R-K?
Zl KR-Ql), Zl Kt-Kt5, R-
B3; 28 RxP and wins. PILLSBURY
11.25 ... Q-K2; 26 QxQ, 27 RxKtl PxR
R(K)xQ; 27 Kt-B5! R-B3; 28 Kt-B6 chi K-R
28 R-Q8 ch, Kt-K; 29 KR-
Q with a winning position. ili 28 ... K-Kt2; 29 K,xR
III. 25 ... Q-Kt3; 26 R- ch coming out a piece ahead.
Q7; QxQ; 27 KtxQ, R( K3) 29 RxRI .•••
-K2; 28 R-Q6; R-QB; 29 The point of the combina-
Kt-Q3, P-K5; 30 Kt-Kt4, P tion.
[30]
 29 •.•• Resigns PXR; 30 KtxR, or 29 . . .
He doesn't relish 29 •.. RxR; 30 Q-BS mate.

9. Pillsbury's Style
The most notable characteristics of Pillsbury's attack·
ing style were his elegant simplicity, his inexhaustible
ingenuity, and the seemingly eHortless ease with which
he achieved his purpose.
HANOVER, 1902
Queen's Gambit Declined
WHITE BLAC," Very powerful, as the se-
H. N. Pillsbury R. Swiderski quel shows.
1 P-Q4 P-Q4 8 . . • • K-B
2 P-QB4 P-K3 The alternative 8 ... p-
3 Kt-QB3 P--QKt3 Kt3; 9 B-QB4, BXK'; 10 P
4 Kt-B3 B-Kt2 xB followed by B-Kt5 is
The p~se of Black's un- even more unfavorable for
usual defense is evidently to Black:.
avoid the pin on his KKt. 9 B-QB41 . • • •
5 PXP pXP This seemingly obvious
6 P-K41 • • • • move had to be carefully cal·
culated.
The first surprise for
9 . . • • BXKt
Black.
It is clear that Black has
6 . . • • PXP nothing better.
7 Kt-K5 B-Q3
10 PxB Q-Q5
If ... Kt-KB3 (in order 11 8--Q511 •••.
to stop Q-Kt4) White plays A most unexpected reply.
8 B-QB4.
Black realizes now that 11
8 Q-Kt41 • • • • ... BxB; 12 Q-BB ch, K-
[31J
K2; 13 B-Kt5 ch and 14 R- 18 . . . . Q-84
Q would be ruinous for him. 19 RXK. chI KxR
Hence he plays
11. . . . P-Q83 Forced.
12 8XKP QXP
20 QxP PxB
13 6-84 Kt-B3
14 Q-R4 Q-K2
There is nothing better: If
15 0-0-0 Kt-K
20 ... R-KB; 21 R-K eh,
15 ... K,xB? 16 R-Q8
K-Q2; 22 B-K6 eh, K-K;
eh.
23 B-B5 dis eh, Q-K2; 24
16 Q-Kt3 Kt-R3
RxQ eh KXR; 25 Q-K5
The occupation of the K mate.
file (opened by White's 11th
move) must now decide the 21 QxR ch K-Q2
ISsue. 22 QxP K-8
17 KR-K R-Q 23 QXPI • • • •

A trap. ]f now 18 BxBP?

HxR ch; 19 KxR, Q-Q eh. A final touch: the manner
18 8-Q51 .... in which Pillsbury rescues
Again this ominous movel the Knight is amusing.
POSUion (liter Whue', 18th mooe.
23 .... P-Q5
SWIDERSKI 24 Q-K6 eh R-Q2
25 Q-KI8 ch R-Q
26 Q-Kt4 ch R-Q2
Zl 8-K31 • • • •
The point.

ZI . . . . BxP

Desperation.

PILLSBURY 28 RXP Resigns

[32]
 10. A Typical Marshall "Swindle"
Although the American champion's play was he-.
quently erratic and not wholly sound, his games were
marked by brilliant conceptions. A tactician par excel~
lence, he was always fertile in ingenious ideas and
sparkling combinations.
MONTE CAflLO. 190.

5cotm Gambit
WHITE BLACK ture in view of the lack of
F. J. Marshall G. Marco development of the Queen·
1 P-K4 P-K4 side pieces.
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-QB3 10 . . . • Kt-Kt5
3 P-Q4 pxp
Now it seems that White
4 B-QB4 B-B4
has nothing better than 11 R
5 P-B3 p-Q6
-B, which could be aD-
Lasker's move, and prob- 5We>"ed by 11 ... KKt-K4;
ably the safest continuation 12 KtxKt. KtxK~ 18 Q-K2,
at Black's disposal. KtxB (0,18 ... B-Kt5; 14
60-0 P-Q3 Q-1I2, Q-R5. etc- with good
7 QxP Kt-B3 attacking chances); 14 QX
8 P-QKt4 B-Kt3 Xt, B-K3 and Black has the
9 P-QR4 P-QR3 better game.
10 R-K?' .... Hence White has nothing
better than the following
Positionally incorrect. Not
speculative continuation.
only is the KBP weakened
thereby, but the move in- 11 R-R2 KKt-K4
tended (P-K5) is prema- 12 KtXKt KtXKt

[33]
 1.15 ... P-Q4; 16 B-Kt5,
l'oslHon after BlGck'$ 12th lIwa;e.
Q-Q2; 17 R( R2 )-K2! (17
MARCO
B-RB. Q-K2; 18 B-Kt5, P
-KB31), Q-K3; 18 B--R6,
Q-K2; 19 B-Kt5, Q-K3
leading to a draw.
II. 15 ... PXP; 16 R(R2)
-K2, B-K3 (16 ... P-KB3?
17 Kt-R3, KtxKt; 18 RxP
ch and wins); 17 B-R6
(there is nothing better), Q
-K2; 18 QXRP, 0-0-0; 19
MARSHALL BXR, QxB with advantage
13 Q-Kt3 to Black.
• • •

Marshall of course prefers 16 K-O • • • •

to go in for a complicated In order to be able to play

and promising attack rather P-KB4.
than prosaically part with 16 . . . . B-K3
the exchange after 13 Q-lC2, 17 0(02)-K2 . . . .
KtxB; 14 QXKt, B-K3.
This wins bad:: the piece,
13 . . . . KtxB as Black cannot release him·
14 QxKtP R-B self from the pin (17 . . .
15 P-K51 ...• K-Q2; 18 RxKt. PXR; 19
The best continuation. For R-Q ch).
if 15 B-RB, Q-K2; 16 QX 17 . . . . Q-K2
RP, B-K3; 17 BXR, QxB 18 P-KB4 Kt-Q6
and Black has ~uch the bet· Seemingly a crushing re
ter of it. tort, but White has a way out.
15 . . . . KtxP 19 P-B51 Kt-K4!
This leads to interesting Best! If 19 ... KtxR; 20
complications. If instead B-Kt5! Q-Q2; 21 RxKt
[34]
with a winning game, or 19 Probably in order to pre--
... KtxB; 20 RxKt (not 20 vent K-B3.
RxB. PXR; 21 RxP? QxR). 30 R-B2 ch K-K2
0-0-0; 21 RxB etc. 31 R-B3 R-Q8
20 PxB PXP 32 R-B R--Q6
21 B-R6 QxQ 33 R-B3 R-Q8
22 BXQ R-84 34 Kt-R31? ...•
Marshall of course dis-
Black has beaten off the
dains the proffered draw. He
attack and exchanged
sees the chance of getting his
Queens, but his troubles are
Knight into the game (via
far from over.
QB4) by offering his RP, for
23 BxKt RxB example 34 ... R-QR8; 35
24 RxR PXR Kt-B4. RxP; 36 Kt-K5.
2S P-Kt3 • • • • 34 . . . . R-QB8
Regaining the Pawn by 25 Again preventing White
RXP. 0-0-0; 26 R-I(, from canying out his plan.
R-Q6 would put White on for 35 Kt-B4 would be re·
the defensiv~by no means luted by ... B-Kt2.
to Marshall's taste. 35 P-B4 ....
2S ...• R~ The only way in which
26 K-Kt2 R~6 White can achieve his pur·
Zl RxP K-B2 pose.
28 R-K2 • • • • 35 . • • . R~RB
In order to force the ex· 36 P-B5 8-88
change of Rooks by 29 R- 37 Kt-B4 RXP
Q2, for 29 ... R-K6 would 38 Kt-K5 8-Kt71
Dot do after 30 P-R5, R-K8; In order to stop R-B1 ch.
31 PxB and wins. 39 Kt-Q3 B-B6
28 • • • • 8-1(6
40 R-B4 P--QR41
41 R-Rot PXP
Crossing White's plan. 42 RxP ch K--Q
29 R-B2 B-R3 43 Kt-B4 P-Kt6
[35J
 It is difficult to see how xR, B-Q5; 50 K-B3, K-
White can save himself. R3; 51 K-K4, K-R4; 52 Kx
44 KtxP ch K-B B, KXKt, etc.

Position after Black's 44th mooo. 45.... B-K4

MARCO This seemingly strong
move loses. Marshall gains
the upper hand now, by a
series of clever forcing
moves.
48 PxP oh K-Kt
47 Kt-B5 R-R7 oh
48 K-R3 P-Kt7
49 R-K71 K-R2
50 R-K8 P-B3
MARSHALL 51 R-R8 ck K-Kt3
45 P-B61?
52 RxR P-KI8 (Q)
• • • •
53 P-Kt8(Q)ch! 8XQ
The only hope, as 45 RXP 54 R-Kt2 ch QXR
ck, K-Kt; 46 P-B6, PXP; 47 55 Kt-R4 ch K-Kt4
RXP, P-Kt7 loses. The text 56 KtxQ • • • •
is an attempt to complicate
matters which leads Marco Marshall's manner of ex·
into making a "careful" pre- tricating himself from his
paratory move. He explained difficulties is reminiscent of
subsequently that he was an end-game by Rinck or
afraid to play 45 ... PXP, Troitskyl
46 RxP ch, K-K.; 47 R- 56.... P-84
Kt7 ch, KXR; 48 K.-B5 ch, 57 K-KI2 . . .. II

K-Kt3? 49 KtxR ch, etc.,

overlooking that he could The ending which now'
win by 48 ... K-R21 49 Kt ensues is still quite di£6.cult.
[36]
 57 . . . . P-B5 tically impossible for White
58 K-B3 P-B6 to win.
59 Kt-Q3 K-B5 66 P-R5 K-Q6
60 Kt-K K-Q4 67 Kt-RI .••.
61 P-R4 B-Q3 The retreat overlooked by
62 P-Kt4 B-K2 Black when he played 65
63 P-Kt5 K-K4 ... K-K5.
64 K-Kt.4 B-B
07 . . . . K-K5
65 Kt-B2 K-K5? 68 P-R6 K-K.4
With the mistaken idea of 69 K-R5 K-B4
being able to follow with 66 70 Kt-B2 B-Q3
... K-Q6; 67 Kt-K ch. K- 71 Kt-Q4 ch K-K5
Q7, etc. 72 Kt-K2 P-B7
Instead 65 ... K-K3 with 73 P-Kt6 B-R6
the continuation 66 P-R5, 74 P-Kt7 K-Q6
K-B2; 07 K-B5; K-K. 75 P-Kt8(Q) KXKt
would have made it pl'llC- 76 Q-R2 Resigns

11. Restraint
The chief interest of this game lies in the manner in
which Schlechter brings pressure to bear on his op·
ponent's center Pawns. Marco, being unable to advance
these Pawns, is forced to defend them with pieces.
Schlechter now brings his powerful pair of Bishops
into action : White's pieces get in each other's way and
his game soon disintegrates.
The policy of restraint was a great favorite with many
masters at the tum of the century. Schlechter, Tarrasch,
Mar6czy-to mention only a few-were virtuosos of this
technique.

[37]
 MONTE CARlO, 1904

Ruy Lopez
WHITE BLACJt the attack on White's seem·
G. Marca C. Schlechter ingly imposing center.
1 P_I<.4 P-K4 10 B-Q2 .•• _
2 Kt-I<B3 Kt-QB3
The B is rather ineffectual
3 8-l<t5 P-QR3
here, but the fianchetto
48XKt KtPxB
would not be good because
The purpose of this rarely of ... Kt-B3-R4-BS.
played move is to avoid the
10 . . . . Kt-B3
Exchange Variation, which
11 Kt-B3 B-KKt2
results from 4 ... QPxB; 5
120-0-0 0-0
P-Q4, PXP; 6 QxP, etc. 13 B-B4 .•••
S KtXP • • • •
Here or on the previous
This does not tum out move P-K5 would have
well. A stronger line is 5 p- been met by . . . Kt-Kt5.
Q4, PXP; 6 QxP, Q-B3; 7 But after White's last move
P-K5, Q-Kt3; 8 O-O! with P-K5 has become a real
advantage. Or White can threal
play (instead of 7 P-KS) 7
13 . . . . Kt-R41
0-0, QxQ; 8 KtxQ with
a favorable ending. The beginning of a finely
thought-out plan to neutral·
5 .... Q-Kt.4
ize White's center Pawns.
6 P-Q4 QxP
7 Q-B3 QxQ 14 B-K3 P-B311
8 KtxQ P--Q3
It requires courage to
9 R-Kt P-Kt31
make a move like this. shut·
Neutralizing White's pres- ting in the Bishop and cut·
sure along the Kt file and at ting off the retreat of the
the same time preparing Knight. The purpose of the
[38]
move is to prevent P-K5 Posillcn after Black', 18th move.
until Black has had time to SCHLECHTER
play . . . QR-K and . . .
P-KB4.
15 I(t-Q2 •.••
This allows the direct ad-
vance of the BP, but White
has no good plan at his dis·
posaL
15. • • • P-KB41
Schlechter is quick to take
advantage of the opportun- MARCO
ity offered.
19 P-B3 Kt-B3
16 P-83 PXP 2JJ Kt-KKt3 Kt-Kt5
17 pxP .... 21 QR-K KtxB
H White replies 17 Kt( B3) 22 RXKt B-R3
xP, he is left with a weak 23 R-K2 • • • •
ICBP and in addition his 0p-
The immediate QR-K
ponent's prospective occu-
would lose at least the ex-
pation of the King file will be
change after ... R-B7.
quite unpleasant.
17 . . . . 8--R61 23 . . . . B-K,S
24 QR-K • • • •
From this point on.
Schlechterexploits the power An amusing variation
of the united Bishops to the would be 24 QR-Kt2, B-
ubnost. The text-move as- B6; 25 R-B2, B-K6.
sures him undisputed com-
24 • • . • R-B7
mand of the only open &le.
25 Kt-B B-K7
18 Kt-·1(2 QR-K
Decisive.
White is helpless against
the ensuing attack. 26 Kt-l<t3 B-!!6
[59)
 White resigns, for after zr for example 29 K-Q, B--Q6
Kt-B, RxlCP; 28 RXR, BxR winning a second Pawn.
he bas no adequate defense.

12. The school of Tarrasch

The foundations of modem chess were laid by
Steinitz and Dr. Tarrasch. The basic proposition of
Tarrasch's theories may be put as follows: An ad-
vantage in space-other things being equal-should suf·
Bee to win the game. Tarrasch's work consisted in
fonnulating general principles and discovering the
methods applicable to given types of positions. His
discoveries in this Seld have been of inestimable value.
His efforts have refined chess technique to an amazing
extent; the Hypermodems have not refuted or supec-
seded Tarrasch-they have merely purified his theories
by removing some of their weaknesses and exaggera-
tions.

OSTEMO. 1905

Ruy Lopez
WHITE BLACJ: This leads to a more com·
Dr. S. Torrasch R. Teichmann plex type of game than 7 BX
1 P-K4 P-K4 Xt ch, PXB; 8 P-Q4, etc.,
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-QB3 transposing into the Steinitz
3 B-Kt5 P-QR3 Defense.
48-U Kt-83 7 . . . . 0-0
50-0 B-K2 8 P-KR3 B-Q2
6 R-K P-Q3 9 P-Q4 P-R3
7 P-83 • • • • Beginning a lengthy re-
[401
grouping maneuver in order 16 P-Q5 Kt-Q
to fianchetto the KB. 17 P-B4 P-QR4
10 B-B2 R-K With this and the next tvx,
11 QKt-Q2 B-KB moves, Teichmann take',
12 Kt-B P-KKt3 steps to prevent P-B5.
13 Kt-Kt3 B-Kt2
14 B-K3 K-R2 18 P-Kt3! • • • •
15 Q-Q2 Q-K2 In positions of this sort'
Both players have com- (where it is desirable t"
pleted their development. play P-R3 and P-Kt4), the
Black is rather cramped but immediate P-R3 would he
his position reveals no weak bad because of ... P-R51.
points. 18 . . . . P-Kt3
There are two plans at 19 P-R3 Kt-Kt2
White's disposal at this 20 P-Kt4 R-R2!
point, the choice of either
one dennitely predetermin- Finely played. On the one
ing the subsequent course hand the Rook is now en-
of the game. abled to protect the QBP;
I. Kt-R2 followed by R- secondly, if MUte masses
KB and P-KB4. his pieces on the QB file,
II. P-Q5, intending to in- Black can play ... PxP and
stitute a Queen-side attack control the open QR file.
on Black's Pawn chain with
21 Q-B31 ••••
P-QB4--B5.
The choice of these two In order (1 ) to make
plans depends on the play- room for the Knight, which
er's temperament: an ag- is to be brought to Q2 so
gressive player like Spiel- that White can strengthen
mann would choose the first, his Pawn chain with P-BS
while Tarrasch, the great and (2) to protect the QR a
strategist, prefers the second second time after Black
line of play. plays ••. KR-QR.
[41)
 21 • • . • Kt-Kt can do nothing but sit tight
22 Kt-Q2 KR-R and wait for his opponent tb
23 P-B3 .••• hit on a winning plan.
See the note to White's 28 Kt-B3 Kt-B3
21st move. U now 23 . . .
PXP; 24 PxP and White It is clear that Black must
will either obtain control of be prepared to capture the
the QR 6Je or force P-B5. Knight, else his game will
But this line of play would become altogether too
perhaps be preferable for cramped for satisfactory de-
Black than the actual con- fense.
tinuation. 29 Kt-KtSI BxKt
23 . • • • Kt-B3 30 PxB • • • •
24 B-Kt3 B-K
With the completion of
25 QR-B Kt-Q2
this last maneuver, White
Again preventing P-BS. bas taken an important step
26 Q-B21 .... forward. He bas obtained a
Tarrasch's game has tem- lasting pressure on the QBP,
porarily reached a standstill; which in turn practically
hence he prepares to bring forces Black to exchange
new forces to the scene of Rooks on the QR me.
action. With the text-move 30 • • . . Kt-K
he decides to bring a Knight 31 Q-Q3 pxp
to QKt5, which will force
Otherwise White would
Black to exchange and
play Kt-B4 and B-Q2,
thereby yield White new ad-
threatening PxP and forc-
vantages.
ing Black to reply ... PxP,
26 . . • . B-B after which Black's Rooks
Z1 Kt-K2 B-Kt2 would have no counterplay
Blaclc's pieces have and White could once more
reached the maximum of take up the attack on the
their efficiency, so that he Queen-side.
[42)
 32 PXP Kt-Q of his pieces in order to ex·
33 Q-Bl Q-Q2 ploit Black's helplessness.
34 R-RI Q-B?
Position after Black's 38th move.
Here Teichmann misses TEICHMANN
his first and last chance:
34 .... RxR; 3S RXR, Rx II! II!
R; 36 QXR, QXKtP; 37 B-
R41 Q-K7; 38 Kt-B, Kt-
KB3 (38 ... P-QKt4; 39 Q-
Q! Q-B5; 40 Q-Kt3! Q-K7;
41 Q-B2! QxQ; 42 BxQ
regaining the Pawn with an
advantageous ending); 39
Q-B3, Q-R7; 40 QxBP,
QXB; 41 QXKt, QXP; 42 DR. TARnASCH
BxP, Kt-R4 with a prob· 39 B-QB4!l ..• ,
able draw as the outcome,
This is the finest move in
3S RxR RXR the whole game.
36 R-R RxR
39 . , , . K-Kt
If 36 ... Q-R; 37 R-R61 40 P-Kt3l K-B
37 QxR Q-Kt 41 P-R4 Kt-Q2
38 Q-R6 Kt-KB3 42 B-B ..••

Now begins the second Now White's purpose be-

and decisive phase of the
game, White has played
well, to be sure, but where-
in does his advantage con·
sist and how is he to tum
this advantage to account?
White's answer to this ques·
tion consists in a carefully
thought.out rearrangement
[43J
comes clear: The Bishop is
transferred from his rela-
tively ineffective post on the
Queen-side, and brought to
R3.
42 •.•• K-K
43 B-R3 ...•
The Bishop controls an
important diagonal here, and
hampers Black's pieces effec- 50 Kt-B5 Q-Kt
tively. 51 Q-RI Kt-Kt3
43 . • • • B-B In order to answer 52 Q-
44 Kt-841 .•• QB with ... Kt-B5.
Threatening Q-R and Q- 52 B-Kt3 B-R
QB. Hence Black must ad- 53 K-R2 Q-Kt2
vance the RP, which offers 54 B-Kt2 Q-B
\\'bite a welcome target. 55 Q-QBl ..••
44 . . . • P-R4 Well-timed; Black might
45 P-Kt41 •.•• by 55 ... Kt-B5; 56 BXKt,
PXB; 57 QxKBP1? B-K4,
This unexpected attack is
but unfortunately the text-
decisive.
move also threatens KtxP
45 . . . . B-K2 ch.
48 B-B2 B-B3
55 . . . . Q--<;l2
... PXP would be no bet- 56 8-R31 K-B
ter. Forced.
47 Pxp PxP 57 Q-R6 ch K-Kt
48 K-R Q-Kt2 55 QxP Q-K
49 Kt-K31 ••.• 59 Q-Kt5 K-B
Now \\'bite has added 60 P-R5 Kt-B5
two new advantages: a 61 B-R41 P-B3
beautiful square for his 62 Q-R6 ch K-Kt
Knight on B5 and the cer- 63 BxPI Kt-B2
tainty that Black's RP is Wl- 64 Kt-K7 chl QxKt
tenable in the long run. 65 QXB ch KtXQ
49 • • • • Kt-B 66 BXQ Kt-B2
Black would like to ex- 67 B-K6 I(tXRP
change Queens, as he fore- 68 B-QB ••••
sees that White's Queen will Black resigns, for he can-
soon take a decisive part in not save his Pawns. And
the attack. But . . . QXQ? thus the purpose of White's
would of course be ruinous. 16th move is ful.6lled.
[44J
 13. Janowski
This brilliant player was particularly noted for two
eccentricities; his fondness for the two Bishops and his
aversion from accepting a draw. The latter character-
istic was enhanced by his inordinate and aggressive
self-confidence, which gave rise to many amusing inci-
dents. Thus, after the loss of his match against Marshall
in 1905, he sent the American master a telegram offer-
ing to play him at Knight oddsl
A stereotyped and rather indifferent tradition has it
that Janowski knew how to attack (but not whenl) and
that he knew precious little else. The Jess spectacular-
and more profound-games are ignored.

'ARIS, 1905 (5th Match Gama)

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLAC~ P-B4 is another good c0n-

F. J. Marshall D. Janowski tinuation.
1 P-Q4 P-Q4
7 KtxKt ch KtxKt
2 P-QB4 P-K3
8 Kt-B3 0-0
3 Kt-QB3 Kt-KB3
98-03 P-QKt3
4 B-K15 QKt-Q2
10 P-KR4 • • • •
5 P-K4 • • • •
This is mainly in the na-
Premature; Black is soon
ture of a demonstration. Jan-
able to free his game.
owski's refutation of the at·
S . . . . PxKP tack is interesting.
6 Ktxp B-K2
10 . . . . B-Kt2
8 ... B-Kt5 ch; 7 Kt-BS. 11 Bxlet B-Kt5 chi
[45}
 An excellent Zwisehen- Posilion after White'! 17th moue
zug, After 11 , , , B XB; 12 JANOWSKI
BxP eh, KXB; 13 Kt-Kt5
eh, K-Kt (not 13 • , , K-
Kt3; 14 Q-Q3 ch, etc.) 14
Q-R5, R-K; 15 QxP ch,
White would have at least a
draw.
12 K-B QxB
13 Kt-Kt5 P-Kt3
14 B-K4 P-B3!
Blocking the Bishop's di- MARSHALL
agonal in order to "fix"
QB4, for example 18 B-Kt,
White's QP. The immediate
threat is 15 ... QR-Q; 16 P-QB4;
I. 19 PxP, BxKt; 20 PXB
Kt-B3, B-B4.
(20 RxR, Q-B8 ch), RxR
15 Q-Kt3 • • • • ch; 21 QXR, QxP ch and
Gaining the necessary Black should win.
time to play R-Q. II. 19 P-Q5, PXP; 20 Px
P, P-B5, etc.
15.. .. B-K2 III. 19 Q-K3, QxQ; 20
16 R-Q QR-Q PxQ, BxKt; 21 PXB, PXP;
17 Kt-B3 .... 22 RxP (22 PxP does not
Better would have been alter the result), RxR; 23
Q-K3 (as suggested by PXR, B-B3 and Black wins
Schlechter) in order to pre- a Pawn,
vent Black's next move. 18 Q-K3 B-Q3
17 .•.. Q-B51 19 QxQ BxQ
Of coursel Marshall does not like to
White cannot retreat his defend patiently, but the ex-
Bishop because of . , ,P- change does not end his
[46J
troubles by any means, as 26 Kt-K P-KB4
the hostile Bishops soon as- Zl B-R K-KI2
sert their power. 28 KI-B2 P-R4
20 K-K2 In order to k.eep the Kt
out of Kt4.
In order to play Kt-K5.
29 KI-K3 K-B3
20 • • • • P-B3
30 P-QS
• • • • •
Which of course is This makes things easy for
promptly prevented. Black, but if White simply
21 KR-K R-Q2 maintains the status quo he
22 P-R5 • • • • would still lose his KRP
without any compensation.
Vainly hoping to create a
30 . . . . BPXP
diversion. The attempt to
31 Pxp P-K4
solve the question of the
hanging Pawns by 22 P-BS Now Black.'s Pawns be-
would lead to this curious come very menacing, while
variation: White's passed Pawn is
22 P-BS. PXP; 23 PXP. worthless and "stopped."
S-R3 chi 24 S-Q3. RxBI 32 S-Kt2 K-Kt~
25 RXR. P-K41 33 K-K ..
Or 22 P-BS. PxP; 23 B-
Q3. PXP; 24 S-B4 (seem. Forestalling P-B5-B6
ingly very strong), KR-QI ch.
25 BxP ch. K-B; 26 BXR. 33 . . . . P-Kt41
B-R3 chi Z7 R-Q3. RXB; Preventing Kt-B4.
28 R-Q, P-QB4 (analysis
by Marro). 34 B-B P-B5
35 PxP ch PxP
22 . . . . P-KKt~ 36 Kt-B2 RXPI
23 P-KKt3 8--K. Sf RXR ch RxR
24 R-Q2 KR-Q 38 RxR ch BXR
25 KR-Q P-Kt5 39 BxP KXP
[47]
 Since the exclJ.aoge of 43 Kt-K P-R6
Queens, Black has pressed 44 P-B3 .•••
his advantage admirably. 0, 44 K-Kl, P-Kt6,
Now he has obtained a re-
44 " , . B-R2
mote passed Pawn which
45 B-K2 P-Kt6
wins without difficulty.
46 B-Kt5 P-Kt7 ch
40 P-R3 K-Kt4 47 KtXP P-R7
41 P-Kt4 P-R4 48 Resigns
42 K-B P-KR5 A neat finish.

14. "Chess Fundamentals"

Chess manuals are always preaching against the dan-
gers resulting from forcible attempts to relieve a pin on
the King's Knight. Usually it is the weaker players
who are enmeshed in these difficulties, and the circum-
stance that so great a master as Mar6czy can likewise
be entrapped will doubtless furnish a melancholy satis-
faction to many amateurs.

CARLSBAD. 1907

Giuoco Pumo
WHITE BLACK: Mar6czy wishes to avoid the
P. S.leonhordt G. Mor6czy Moller attack, which had a
1 P-K4 P-K4 great vogue at the time this
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-Q83 game was played.
3 B-B4 B-B4 5 P-Q4 PXP
4 P-B3 P-Q3 6 pxp B-Kt3
7 Kt-B3 Kt-B3
The more aggressive 4 ... 80-0 0-0
Kt-B3 is usually played, but 9 B-Kt3 .•••
[48]
 In order to forestall 9 ... PoritWn afte, B~ck'$ 15th move.
KtxKP; 10 KtXKt, P--<14, ,
MAR O=cc;Z;"y;,....,~~
etc.
9 . . . . B-Kt5
10 B-K3 R-K
11 Q-Q3 B-KR4

This attempt to exert pres·

surP. on the ICP proves too
slow. Marro recommends
instead 11 . . . Bx Kt; 12
PxB, Kt-KR4 with the
pretty threat of 13 ... KtXP; LEoNHARnT
14 BxKt, Kt-BS followed 16 KtxKtPI ...•
by 15 ... Q-Kt4 ch. But
White would simply play The soundness of this
(aft" 12 ... Kt-KR4) 13 move is not wholly appar-
ent until White's 20th move.
Kt-Q5 with a very strong
game. 16 . . . . KtxKt

12 QR-K B-Kt3 Better than 16 ... PXKt;

13 B-KtSI • • • •
17 BXP, R-K3; 18 Q-Kt31
B-Kt3; 19 Q-R4, K-Kt2;
A bothersome pin. Black 20 Q-R6 ch, K-Kt; 21 Ktx
must take measures against Kt ch, RXKt; 22 R-K3 and
Kt-Q5, which would give wins. (Marco)
the opponent a strangle~Jd
on his position.
17 PxKt PXKt
18 PxKt PxB
13 . . . . P-KR3 19 pxP R-Kt
14 B-KU B-KR4 20 Q-BSI BXP
15 Kt-QS P-Kt4
The QB is trapped (20
A desperate remedy ... B-K7; 21 RXB, RXR;
which is worse than the dis-- 22 QXP ch, K-R; 23 Q-R5
'ase. ch) nor has Black time to
(49)
capture the dangerous KtP. With the idea of playing
as the following analysis R-K-K8ch.
shows:
26 . . . • P-Q84
I. 20 ..• RxP; 21 QXB,
P-B3; 22 Q-Kffi ch, K-R Better than 26 ... R-Kt;
(22 . . . K-B; 23 Q-R7); Z1 B-B6, P-R4; 28 R-K,
23 BxP and wins. B-R2; 29 R-K4.
II. 20 ... RxP; 21 QXB, Z1 R-K B-K4
Q-Q2; 22 BxP ch, QXB; 23
RxR ch winning the Queen. Forced.
III. 20 •.. RxP; 21 QXB, 28 P-KKt3! • • • •
R-K2; 22 Q-Kt6 ch, K-B;
23 Q-B6, K-K; 24 B-R4 ch Not at once 28 P-B4 be-
and mate in two. cause of ... BxBP; 29 R-
K8 ch. RxR; 30 BxR. P-
21 QxB Q-B3 Q4. This was the idea be-
22 Q-Kt.4 ch K-8 hind Mar6czy's 26th move.

Of course not 22 ... Q- 28 . . . . PXP

Kt2; 23 BxP ch, KxB; 24 Q 29 RPX P P-R.4
-Q7 ch, K-B3; 25 QXR, Still hoping to stop the dan-
etc. gerous Pawn. If now 30 P-
23 RXR ch RxR B4, B-Q5 ch; 31 K-Kt2, P
24 Q-88 -B5; 32 R-K8 ch. RXR; 33
• • • •
BxR. B-R2.
Black has been defending 30 P-Kt31 • • • •
for so long that a careless
player might overlook the Another fine movel If
threat of mate in two by ... Black wants to get his
QXP ch etc. Bishop to R2, it will cost
him his QBP.
24 . . . . Q~
25 QxQ 30 . . . . P-B3
RxQ
26 B-R.41 • • • • Protecting the Bishop in
[50J
order to be able to play .•• White has gained a tempo
p_Q4. with the Rook moves.
31 P_B4 B-Q5 ch 35 . . . . K-B2
32 K-Kt2 P-B5 36 '-Q5 B-B4
The only way to guard 37 B-Q7 Re5ign5
against R-K8 ch. The two alternatives :rr
S3 PXP B-R2 ... R-QKt; 38 B--B8 0' 37
34 R-KRI K-Kt2 ... B-R2; 38 RxRP, B-Kt;
35 .-Q .... 39 B-B8 are both hopeless.

15. Exploiting Weak Squares

We are accustomed to thinking of this process as one
of the characteristic features of hypennodem play.
Nevertheless Dr. Lasker, not to mention any other
?layers of a previous generation, succeeded in produc~
ing some classic treatments of this theme.
St. PElEasBUIG. 1909
Ruy Lopez
WHITE BLACI: "best'" moves in the opening.
Dr. E. L05ker l. Forgoa 7 B-K15 B-QKt5
1 P-K4 P-K4 80-0 BXKt
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-QB3 9 PxB P-KR3
:.3 B-Kt5 P-Q3 10 B-KR4 Q-K2
4 "-Q4 B-Q2
5 Kt-B3 Kt-B3 Black has freed his game
6 PXP PXP and appears to have a satis·
factory position.
White's 6th move releases
the pressure on Black's cen~
ter but it is typical of Las-
11 Q-Q3
12 B-R4
"-'3
'-Q
ker's play that he does not 13 Q-K3 P-KKt4
usually play the so-called 14 B-KKt3 P-Kt4
[51)
 This causes a weakness on
QB4 which is subsequently
exploited by Lasker with
great virtuosity.
15 B-KI3 Kt-KR4
16 Kt-K!
• • • •
An excellent move; the
Knight is to be brought to
Q3 to exert pressure on QB5.
16 . . . . Kt-R4
17 Kt-Q3 .•.•
Preventing . .. 1'-QB4.
17 . . . . Kt-KB5
18 P-B3! • • • •
Very finely played! Dr.
Euwe points out that in the
present instance a Bishop
posted on QB5 is more effec-
tive than a Knight-the rea-
son for this being that a
Knight on QB5 would attack
white squares which, how-
ever, can be protected by
Black's remaining Bishop.
The Bishop posted on QB5,
on the other hand, attacks
black squares, thus accentu-
ating the weakness arising
from the absence of Black's
KB.
18 •••• R-KKt
[52]
Black considers his Knight
at KB5 well-posted for a
counter-attack and does not
therefore play 18 . . . Ktx
Kt; 19 PxKt, P-QB4 which
would release the pressure
on his weak QB4, but would
at the same time undouble
White's Pawns and allow
him the advantage of two
Bishops. Removing the
White KB would open the
Rook's file. Forgacs has only
a choice of evils and hence he
decides to stake the game on
his chances of attack.
19 KR-Q R-Kt3
Perhaps to defend the
QRP should he decide to
play KtxB. The varia-
tion 19 KtxKt; 20 PxKt,
P-KKt5 would be met by
21 1'-KB4.
20 B-B2 B-B
21 Q-K • • • •
Now the threat of B-BS
becomes acute.
21. . . . KtXKt
If 21 ... Kt-Kt2 (in order
 to prevent B-BS); 22 p- White finally attains his
QR4 with advantage. object and it is interesting to
22 PxKt KtxB see how powerful his posi-
Black hopes to remain tion becomes after his last
with Bishops of opposite move.
color and resulting drawing 26 . . . . Q-Kt4
chances. The alternative 22 27 PxP QxP
. . . P-QB4 is unfavorable 28 R-R21 B-K3
because of 23 P-Q4, open- 29 R-KB2 B-B5
ing the position to White's 30 Q-B B-Kt6
advantage. 81 R-R • • • •
23 pxKt P-QB4
Threatening 32 R-B5.
White was threatening P
QKt4 followed by B-BS. 31. . " Q-Q2
24 P-QKt4! Pxp 32 R-B3 Q-B3
25 pXP P-Kt5 33 Q-B2 R-Q2
An attempt at counter- There is nothing to be
attack. done. IT 33 ... B-KS White
26 B-B5 • • • • continues with 34 R-JCB
Poati(m (lIter White', 26th moDe. and 35 R-B6. or the imme-
FORGACS• diate 34 R-B6 with decisive
advantage.

34 Q-Kt21 ••••
The full strength of this
move may have been over·
looked by Black, but his
position was very difficult
in any event.

84. . " Q-K3

DR. LASKER 35 P-o.41 pxP
[53]
I
 If 35 ... B-B5; 36 P-Q5. 36 QxB Qx'
Q-Kt5; 37 QxP ch, K-Q; 37 Q-Q3 Q-Q4?
38 Q-KtB mate. 38 QXRI Resigns

16. Dr. Bernstein

Dr. Bernstein is a famous master: his fame rests on
three atrociously played games with Capablanca. That
this great player deserves more than merely negative
immortality is realized by very few people. Tartakower
points out the interesting fact that Bernstein, in com~
mon with Rubinstein, Nirnzowitsch, and Spielmann,
was among the first to rebel against the artificial stiff-
ness and formalism of the Tarrasch epoch.

St. PETERSBURG, 1909

Ruy Lopez
WHITE BLACK superior to the more usual
Dr. O. S. P-B3.
O. Duras
Bernstein 5 . . . . P-KKt3!
1 P-K4 P-K4
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-QB3 An excellent counterl The
3 B-Kt5 Kt-B3 fianchettoed Bishop is to ex·
4 P-Q3 P-Q3 crt pressure on White's Q4.
5 P-B4 • • • •
6 P-Q4 PX'
This move, introduced by 7 KtxP B-Q2
Duras into master practice, 8 Kt-QB3 B-Kt2
creates a certain amount of 9 BxKt px.
weakness on White's Q4,
and hence is by no means White's last move was a
[54]
three-fold positional error, deep and highly interesting
for: plan.
(a) it gave Black the ad-
14 R-Kt P-B4
vantage of the two Bishops.
15 Kt-Kt3 • • • •
(b) it opened the QKt
file for Black. After this the Kt is to('
(c) it sets up a Pawn for- much out of play. The re-
mation for Black (Pawns on treat to KBS would have
Q3, QB2, QB3) which is ad- been more to the point.
mirably effective, defen. 15 . . . . 8-83
sively and offensively. The 16 Q-Q3 ...•
isolation of the QRP is neg-
ligible in comparison_ But not 16 Kt-Q5? p_
But it may be that Duras Kt4 winning a Pawn.
decided to exchange the 16. .• Q-8'
Bishop because its move-
This strengthens Black's
ments were hampered by
attack on the Queen's wing
the center Pawns on white
considerably.
squares.
17 Kt-Q2 Kt-Q21
10 B-Kt5 P-KR3 18 P-QKt3 ..••
11 B-R4 0-0
120-0 Increasing the scope of
R-K
the enemy's KB, but at the
13 R-K • • • •
same time preparing Kt-
Lasker prefers 13 P-BS, QS.
so as to provide a good 18 . . . . Q-R3
square for the Bishop.
Which Black promptly
13. . . . R-Ktl preventsl

A move which would be 19 Q-82 ....

made instinctively by ama- In order to protect the RP
teur or master; but in this and also with the idea of
case. it is the prelude to a playing 20 Kt-Q5, BxKt; 21
[55]
BPxB (obviously this mode 25 Kt-B • • • •
of caphue is impossible with
the Queen on QS) followed In order to defend him-
by Kt-B4, and tIili Knight self against ... Kt-KtS.
would be beautifully posted. 25 . . . . Q-R61
19 . . . • Q-R4
20 Kt-K2 ••.• "Fixing the weak RP in
preparation for the coming
The Jesser evil would have attack.
been 20 Kt-Q5 w;th the
probable continuation . • . 26 Kt-K3 Kt-Kt5
BXKt; 21 BPxB, Q-B6 (21
A noteworthy feature of
, , , B-B6? 22 Kt-B4); 22
Dr. Bemstein's conduct of
QR-B, QXQ; 23 RXQ. P-
this game is his maneuver-
Kt4; 24 B-KtS. P-B4; 24 P
ing with the Knight ( ... Kt
-B3. P-KB5; 26 B-B2, Xt
-KB3-Q2-B-K3-Q5-B3
-K4 (Dr. Lasker) and Black -Kt5).
must maneuver carefully to
realize the advantage of his Z7 Q-Q2 P-QR4l
undeniably superior posi- 2B Kt-Q5 • • • •
tion.
PO$ition after White', 28th moue.
20 • . • • Kt-BI
DR. BERNSTEIN
The Kt is headed for Q5.
21 P-B3 Kt-K3
22 B-B2 B-Q2
23 Kt-KB Kf-Q5
24 Q-Q3 Kt-B3
If at once 24 ... QxP; 25
KtxKt, PxKt; 26 BxP. Bx
B ch; Z7 QXB. RxK,P; 26
R-R regaining the Pawn
with advantage.
[56]
 28 . . . . KtxKt The culmination of the
29 KPxKt ..•• plan initiated by Black at
The last chance was 29 his 16th move.
BPxKt. Black would prob- 33 P-R3 P-R5
ably force a win then by
doubling Rooks on the Kt The battering rami
61e and breaking through 34 P-QKt4 PXP
later on by . . . P-R5 (it 35 RXP • • • •
would not do to play 29 ...
P-R5 because of 30 Q-R5). Not 35 BxP? B-B6t
29 ••.• RXRch 35 • . . . RXR
30 BxR B-B4 36 BXR Q-Kt61
31 Kt-Q3 BxKt 87 Q--<;l2 P-R6
32 QXB QXRP 38 Resigns

17. Carl Schlechter

This celebrated master's style marked him, para-
doxically, as a leader of two schools-the dull and the
brilliant. Founder of the remisnwnde, he could draw
at will with anyone. as frequently happened because of
his modest and unwarlike temperament. When inspired,
however, his play was characterized by vigor and ele-
gance of conception as well as grace and artistry in the
execution of his plans. Especially was this true of his
games in the great tournament at Carlsbad, 1911.
It should be noted, by the way, that the four great
tournaments held at Carlsbad (in 1907, 1911, 1923 and
1929) were remarkable for the unusually high propor-
tion of fine games which they produced.

[57]
 CAllS lAD, 1911

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK Not 7 ... B-K5; 8 RxP\
C. Schlechler Dr. J. Perij, RxR; 9 P-B7 and wins.
1 P-Q4 P-Q' 8 RxB P-K3
2 Kt-KB3 B-84 9 P-K3 B-Kt5 ch
10 B-Q2 KKt-K2
If this move were good. it 11 BxB KtxB
would solve Black's perplex-
12 B-Kt5 ch KKI-83
ing problem of the develop-
13 K-K2 K-K2
ment of the QB in this open-
ing. Schlechter proceeds to The ending is by no means
attack the weakened Queen- easy for White, as his extra
side. Pawn is practically useless.
In the sequel he turns his
3 P-O' P-QB3 superior mobility and strong
4 Q-Kt3 Q-Kt3 center to good account.
5 pxp • • • •
14 KO-QO KR-QB
Forcing Blaele to exchange IS 0-04 • • • •
Queens, and far superior to
Threatening 16 BXKt, Kt
5 QXQ, PXQ; 6 PXP, PXP;
xB; 17 QR-QB with advan-
7 Kt-BS, Kt-KB3, etc.
tage.
5 . , , , QXQ IS .. .. QR-Kt
6 PXQ BxKt
In order to be able to re-
PerUs fears the difficulties capture with the Pawn,
resulting from 6 ... PxP; 7 opening the QKt :6.le, with
Kt-1l3, P-K3; 8 Kt-QKt.'I. the idea of exerting pressure
but his opponent has an un- on White's weak Pawns.
pleasant surprise in store for
him. 16 O-QO P-QR3
17 BXKt PXO
7 Pxp: KlxP 18 P-K4 • • • •
[58]
 With the strong threat of PQsitwn o(ler White's 22nd mooc.
R-R4, now that . .. Kt-Q4 DR. PERLIS
is no longer possible.
18 . . . • R-Kt4
19 R-U P-QR4
Forced-if 19 . . . KR-
QKI; 20 Kt-K5, R(l)-Kt3;
21 QRXKtl RxR; 22 RXR,
RxR; 23 KtXP ch wins.
20 R-B51 ..••
To this powerful move
SCHLECHTER
there is no satisfactory reply.
tor to point out this move.
20 • • • . R-QR
0, 20 ... RxR; 21 PXR, 22 . • • . RXR(Kt5)
R-QR; 22 Kt-K5 followed The least of his evils, as the
by KI-B4. following variations show:
21 Kt-K5 P-B3? I. 22 . . . RXR(B4); 23
R-Kt7 ch, K-K (best); 24
Hopeless as is every other PxR, PXKt: 25 RxP and
move. wins.
22 RXKt!? • • • • II. 22 ... PXR; 23 KIXP ch,
A remarkable case of K-Q3; 24 RXR, KXKI; 25
"chess blindness": Schlech- RXP, R-R7; 26 R-B4 ch etc.
ter is so concentrated on the Ill. 22 . . . PXKI; 23 R
logical result of his beauti- (Kt4)xR, PXR; 24 RxKP
ful play from the 14th move winning easily.
on, that he completely over- 23 KtXP ch K-Q3
looks the simple win of the 24 KtxR PxKt
exchange by 22 KtxP ch. 25 R-QKt5 R-R7
Strangely enough, Dr. Tar· 26 R-Kt6 chi K-B2
rasch was the only annota- 27 RXKPI • • • •
[59]
 The quickest way to win. Else the KtP simply
27 . • • . RxPch
marches in.
28 K-Q3 K-Q 89 R-R71 RxP
40 K--Q51 .• , •
He cannot allow R-K7 ch.
White disdains all Pawn
29 R-R61 RxP
captures. He now threatens
30 R-R8 ch K-K2
K-K6 with fatal effect.
81 R-R7 ch K-B
32 P-Q5 RXP 40.. .. R-K7
83 P-Q6 • • • • Position after Bltrek's 40th move.
Now one is in a position DR. PERLIS
to appreciate White's gener-
osity with the King-side
Pawnsl
38 • . . • K-K
The threat was 84 R-R8
ch, K-B2; 35 P-Q7.
84 K-B4 R-Kt4
Vainly hoping to prevent
the further advance of SCHLECHTER
White's King.
41 P-K511 ••••
85 R-K7 ch • • • •
Very fine playl The main
In order to forestall .•• threat is P-K6.
R-K4.
41 . . . . R-Q7 ch
85 . . . • K-Q
86 KxP P-U Black has no saving move.
37 K-B4 P-R5
I. 41 ... PXP; 42 K-K6,
K-B; 4.'l P-Q7 ch, K-K.; 44
Black's only coun'er· P-Q8(Q) ch, KxR; 45 Q-
chance. R5 ch, K-K'; 46 Q-KtS ch
88 P-Kt4 R-Kt7 winning the Rook.
[60]

II. 41 ... Rx'P ch; 42 K-
B6, K-K; 43 P-Q7 ch (a),
K-K2; 44 R-RB, R-K3 ch;
45 K-B7, R-Q3; 46 R-K8
ch wins.
(a) The Field points out
this pretty win: 43 R-R8 ch.
K-B2; 44 P-Q7, R-K3 ch;
45K-B51 (quicker than 45 K
-B7, R-K2, or 45 K-Q5,
R-K8), R-K4 ch; 46 K-B4,
R-K5 ch; 47 K-B3, R-K6
ch; 48 K-Q2 winning.
42 K-K6 K-B
43 P-Q7 ch K-Kt
•
44 R-R6 K-B2
45 R-Q6 Resigns
Thereby depriving the gal-
lery of the pleasure of wit-
nessing the following forced
mate: 45 . . . RxR ch; 46
PxR ch, K-Q; 47 P-KtS, P
-R6; 48 P-Kt6, P-R7, 49
P-Kt7, P-R8(Q); 50 P-
Kt8(Q) mate.
The far-reaching accuracy
and splendid timing of
Schlechter's play are the
chief features of this ending.

18, Attack and Counter-Attack

This game contains one of the most fascinating mid-
dle games ever played. Beginning with Black's twenty-
third move, both players attempt to outdo each other
with brilliant and finely thought out surprise moves,
until the struggle ends in a problem.like win of Black's
Queen. The game rightfully received a brilliancy prize.
Duras. in particular, was very able at this type of
rough-and-ready play. Often inexact and careless in the
openings, he was at his best in critical positions: rarely
did he fail to rise to the occasion in difficult and almost
hopeless situations.

[61 J
 CARLSBAD, 1911

Ruy Lopez
WHITE BLACK with .•• Q-B4 ch or ..
O. Duros E. Cohn Q-R5 to follow.
1 P-K4 P-K4 16 . . . . P-B4
2 Kf-KB3 Kt-QB3 With the aid of his 15th
3 B~Kf5 P-QR3 move Black has managed to
4 B-R4 Kt-B3 rid himself of his weaknesses
5 P~Q3 P-Q3 in the center, but Duras
6 P-B4 • • • • soon begins to attack the ad-
A favorite move with Du- vanced Pawn.
ras. 6 P-B3 is the usual 17 Kt-B4 B-K3
move in this variation. 18 P-QKt3 • • • •

6 . . . . P-KKt3
It is essential to prevent
PXP
the advance of the BP, as
7 P-Q4
8 KtxP B-Q2
will soon become apparent.
9 KtXKt PxKt 18 . . . . KR-Q
100-0 B-Kf2 19 Kt-Q3 ••••
11 P-B5 0-0 Blockading passed Pawns
12 Kt-B3 Q-K2 was a practice of pre·Nim·
13 PXP PXP zovichian times also!
14 P-B3 • • • •
19 . . . . B-Q2
Stronger would have been 20 BxB KtxB
R-K directly, in order to 21 B-R3 QR-B
forestall ... P-Q4. 22 R-QB B-B
23 Q-Q2 • • • •
14 . . . . P-Q4
15 R-K P-Q51 After this move White
16 Kt-K2 threatens Q-R5 followed by
• • • •
doubling Rooks on the QB
But not 16 QxP, Kt-Kt51 file and-if DfX:eSSary-P-
[62]
Position after White's 2Srd move. 24 . . . . Q-R4
25 K-Kt2 P-B5!
To obtain two passed
Pawns. One of our contem-
poraries naively observes
that Pawns so far advanced
may be very strong or very
weak.
26 Kt-84 Q-K4
27 8X8 P-86
28 Q--Q3 Klx8
QKt4. Should Black resort to 29 Kt-Q5 • • • •
passive defense. the QBP
must fall sooner or later, for With the threat of 30 P-
example 23 ... R-B3; 24 Q B4, winning either the QP or
-R5, KR-B; 25 R-B2 the exchange.
(threatening KR-QB), Q- 29 . . . . RXKtl
Q; 26 QXQ, RXQ; 27 KR- 30 PxR QxP
QB, KR-B; 28 B-Kt2, B- 31 KR-Q Kt-K31
Kt2; 29 Kt-Kt4, R-Kt3; 30 32 QxRP • • • •
Kt-Q5, R-K3; 31 R-B4, R
(B)-B3; 32 BxP! BxB ch; If 32 RxP, RXR; 33 QxR,
33 RxB, PXR; 34 RxR, Rx PXQ; 34 RXQ, P-B7 and
R; 35 Kt-K7 ch. the Pawn cannot be stopped.
23 . . . • Q-R51 32 . . . . R-R
33 Q-K2 P-Q61
Beginning a far-reaching
plan to parry the attack on Sacri6cing a Pawn in or.
his Pawns. der to get the Rook on the
seventh rank.
24 P-Kt3 • • • •
34 RXQP Q-KKt4
If now 24 Q-R5, B--Q3. 35 Q-K31 • • • •
[63]
 The only move to counter PO$ition after White', 43rd move.
the threats of 35 .... QxR COHN
or 35 . ... Kt-B5 ch.

35 . . . . RXPch
III~. • iii
36 K-Kt Q-KR4
37 P-R4
38 R(Q3)XP
Q-KB4
, ... .......
III II IIlII
Or 38 P-KKt4, Q-B5; 39
QxQ (but not 39 R-Q8 ch,
K-Kt2; 40 QXP ch K-R3
1~II·irJl
and wins), KtxQ followed .11I11I11
by .... Kt-K7 ch drawing. DURAS

43 . • • • KtXP?
38 " " Q-R6
Too sanguine-or perhaps
The position Black was
due to time pressure. The
aiming for; all this has been
correct move was 43 . . .
played with remarkable in·
PxP and if 44 QxKt ch,
genuity by both sides.
QXQ; 45 R-B6, R-R8 chi
39 R-B8 ch K-Kt2 forces the draw prettily, by
40 Q-K5 ch P-B3 perpetual check on R7 and
R8,
If 40 . . . K-R3; 41 R 44 RxP chI ....
(BS)-B2 should win, as the
Now follows a delightful
KKtP is now protected.
finish.
41 R(B)-B7 chi K-R3 44 " .. KXR
45 Q-K7 ch K-Kt3
But not 41 .. . KtxR; 42
46 R-Kt8 ch K-B4
RxKt ch K-R3; 43 Q-B4 47 RXKt chI KXR
ch and mate in two. 48 Q-Kt7 ch Resigns
42 Q-K3 ch P-Kt4 Black must lose the
43 PXP ch • • • • Queen.
[64]
 19. Absent-Minded Players
Chess players are proverbially absent-minded in
every-day affairs. It is related of the celebrated German
master Louis Paulsen, that «At BadeoMBaden. beneath
the castle on the hill, he was dissatisfied with his lodg-
ings and made an excursion to find something better.
He went up the hill and wandered about and at length
found what he wanted. The next step was to find a
porter to remove his belongings, and both were amazed
to find that nothing more was required than to carry
the boxes downstairs from one .fiat to another immedi-
ately below itll"
But tournament play is something else again. There
the chess master must have in reserve a miraculous
combination of foresight, concentration, and presence
of mind--especially when he plays Miesesl

IIfSLAU. 1912
•
Bishop's Game

WHITE BLACJ[ suited to Mieses' adventur.

J. Mieses A. Rubinstein OllS style.

1 P-K4 P-K4
4 . • • • KtxP
28-84 Kt-KB3
5 QXP Kt-KB3
3 P--Q4 pxp
6 B-KKtS B-K2
4 Kt-KB3 • • • • 7 Kt-B3 Kt-B3
The soundness of this
rarely played gambit is du· A hazardous continuation;
bious, but it leads to tricky ... P-BS followed by ..•
and intricate play well P-Q4 would be preferable.
[65]
 8 Q-R4 P-Q3 traordinarily difficult for
90-0-0 B-K3 Black, and it requires all of
10 B-Q31 Q-Q2 Rubinstein's defensive skill
10 ... 0-0 is manifestly to hold the game together.
impossible, and if 10 . . . 13 . . . • Kt-K4!
P-KH3; 11 KH-K, 0-0; 14 P-B4! KtXB ch
12 BxP, PXB; 13 nXB, 15 RXKt P-B41
PXR; 14 Q-Kt3 ell, K-R; Finely played! The idea is
15 Q-Kt6 with at least a to force the Knight to B3, so
draw. as to cut off White's Rook
11 B-KtSI .•.• from the King side.
Else Black simply plays 16 R-Kt31 ••
. . 0-0-0 with a per- An excellent reply-not
fectly safe game and a because of the obvious con-
Pawn to the good. tinuation 16 ... PXKt; 17
11 . . • • 0-0 BxKt, etc., but because
White has crossed his oppo-
But not 11 ... O-O-O?
nent's plan in such ingeni-
11 ... 0-0-0 is much too
ous fashion.
risky because of 12 Kt-K5!,
Q-Kl; 13 KtxKt breaking 16 . . . • K-RI
up Black's Pawns. 17 Kt-B31 ..••
However, castling on the But not 17 KtXB, PXKt;
other wing leads to no sine- 18 H-H3, H-B2; 19 BXK~
cure for Black. Rubinstein, PxB with an adequate de-
however, has appraised his fense (Mieses).
defensive chances very coolly 17 . . . . Kt-Kt
and is prepared for the worst. 18 BXB QxB
A grand master is not easily Here 18 KtxB (threat-
terrified! ening Kt-B4) was to
12 Kt-Q4 P-QR3 be considered.
13 B-Q3 • • • • 19 KI-KtS Kt-R3
The position IS now ex- A playable alternative, ac-
[66l
cording to Mieses, was 19 QxB?? Q-K8 mate, nor 27
... P-KR3, but not 19 ... RxR ch, QxR, 28 QxP, Q-
B-B4; 20 R-R3! followed K8 ch; 29 Q-Q, Q-K6 ch;
by R-K. 30 Q--Q2, Q-Kt8 ch., etc.),
20 R-K Q-Q2 K-B (0' A, B), 28 Q-R8
21 R(Kt3}-K3 KR-K ch, K-K2; 29 R-KS ch, B-
22 Kt(B3}-K4 K3 (not 29 . . . K-Q; 30
RxR ch, QxR; 31 KtxP ch.
Now comes an exciting
K-K2; 32 QXQ ch, winning
finish.
a p;ece); 30 Q-Kt7, K--Q;
22 . . . . 8-B4 31 KtxRP and White should
Position ofter Black's 22nd move. WIn.

RUBINSTEIN A. 27 ... Q-K2 threaten-

MIESES
23 Kt-B61 PxKt
24 QxKt B-Kt31
The only reply. H 24 • .•
PXKt? White wins by 25 Q
-B6 ch, K-Xt; 26 R-K7.
And if instead 24 . . .
RXR; 2S QXBP ell, X-Xt;
26 RXR, R-K; Zl R-KKt3!
(not ZT RxR ch, QxR; 28
[67J
ing to exchange Queens as
well as . . . Q-K8 mate);
28 Kt-K6 ch and mate next
move.
B. 27 ... B-Kt3; 28 Ktx
RP, R-K3, (28 ... KxKt,
29 R-R3 ch), 29 P-BSI
25 KtxRPI 8xKt
26 R-KKt31 RXR ch
27 K-Q2 R-K7 chi
28 K-QI R-K8 chi
Drawn by perpetual
check. White cannot cap~
ture the Rook because of Q
-K3 ch followed by . . .
R-KKt. Nor can he play 29
K-Q2, R-K7 chi 30 K-B3
because of mate in three.
A piquant conclusion to a
stirring gamel
 20. "A Prophetic Game"
The Polish master Alexander Flamberg was a highly
gifted player with profound and original ideas. Chronic
ill-health prevented him from ever asserting his full
powers.
Concerning one of his notable games-one of the most
signiGcant in the history of chess-his countryman
Przepiorka has commented as follows: "When ODe ex-
amines the opening moves and the subsequent course
of the game. it is almost incredible that it was played
in 1914 ... The double fianchetto of the Bishops, the
operations on both wings, and later on the maneuvers
with the Black Knights and the posting of the Queens
on the long diagonal-all these ideas are, as we know.
considered the vet} latest achievements of the Hyper-
modems." ~'
It should, of course, be borne in mind that the coming
of the Hypermodern period was delayed by four years
during 1914-1918. The ideas which had so violent a
vogue during the decade 1919--1928 already existed in
embryo in 1914. It may well be that a similarly revolu-
tionary tendency will appear in master chess from 1945
OD.

[68]
 ALL.IUUIAN TOUINAMENT. 1914

Indian Defense
WHITE BLACK: Much simpler would have
S. Levitzky been 10 ... BXB; 11 KtxB,
A. flamberg
Kt-KB3
pXP; 12 BXP, P-Q4 with
1 P-Q4
approximate equality.
2 Kt-KB3 P-QKt3
3 P-KKt3 8-Kt2 11 R-Bl ..••
4 8-Kt2 P-K3 Finely played. It is clear
4 ... P-B4 is more usual. that ... P-Q4 is now pre-
vented until the hostile Q is
50-0 B-K2 removed from the B file.
6 P-Kt3 0-0
P-Q3
11 . . . . BxB
7 8-Kt2
12 KtxB Q-Kt2
8 P-B4 QKt-Q2
13 KI-K3 pXP
9 QKt-Q2 P-B4
14 8xP Kt-B4
It is difficult for us to ap-
Black's plan of retaining
preciate the powerful origi- control of K5 is logical, but
nality of these opening unfortunate in its conse-
moves, accustomed as we quences. He misses the last
are to seeing them played opportunity to play ... p-
unthinkingly in "'rapid Q4.
transit" games.
15 Q-B2 KI(B4)-K5
10 Kt-K • • • • 16 KtxKt KtxKt
It is greatly to White's 17 Q-Kt2! ....
credit that he has aheady The posting of the Queen
realized that the central on the long diagonal to sup-
idea of the whole game is port the Bishop is one of the
based on the control of his most popular motifs of hy-
K4. But Q-B2 was stronger. pennodem strategyl
10 •• , • Q--B2 17.. .. P-K4
[69]
 Black has two other re- 20 .. .. B-B3
plies: 21 BxB KtXB
1. 17 . . . B-B3; 18 KR- 22 QR-Q Q-K5
Q, KR-Q; 19 P-BS, BxB; 23 R-B31 • • • •
.'1lI RxB, Kt-B3; 21 QR-Q.
II. 17 ... Kt-BS; 18 KR- It is very enjoyable to
Q, KR-Q; 19 P-BS, P-Q4; note the logical consistency
20 PxP, Pxp (herein we with which both players
see the point of White's 17th pursue their respective
move: Black is unable to goals.
play 20 ... KtxP); 21 Kt-
23 . . . • Kt-R4
BS. In either case White has
the better position. Black strives desperately
18 B-B3 B-Kt4 for counter-play.

In order to force White's 24 Kt-Q5 QR-K

reply. 25 K-B211 • • • •

19 P-B4 PXP
20 pxp • • • •
LEVITZKY
Black's last maneuver has
enabled him to render the
III • • • •11I
hostile .KP definitely back-
11 II lUlU
ward, and has also rein- 11 II III II
forced his command of K5, II 1I~1l III~
since White can no longer IIUII~n III
play P-BS. III g III rlU Ii
Nevertheless these advan- Mil IIIUII n
tages are outweighed by
White's gains: pressure on
III .~. II
FLAM BERG
Black's QP, a beautiful
square for the Knight at QS, The nnest move in the
and the open KKt file. whole game. White protects
[70J
his KP, simultaneously mak- 31 K-Q4, K-B2 (31 ... Xt
ing room for the Roole on -K5? 32 K.-K7 ch); 32 K.
the Kt file, and also threat- xKI, KxK.; 33 P-QR4!
ening l\-K3 (which is now (Przepiorka).
ineffective because of ... Q
-Kt3 ch) should the oppor- 28 Q-Q31 • • • •

tunity offer.
Threatening to wm the
25 . • . . Q-B4 Knigh. by R-RS.

It is bue that Black was 28 . . . . P-B4

not yet threatened with the
loss of the exchange, for ex- Or 28 ... P-Kt3; 29 R-
ample 25 ... R-K3, 26 R- R3, K-R (29 Kt-Kt2;
30 RxRP or 29 K-B2;
KS, Q-B4; Z7 Kt-K7, ch,
RxKt; 28 RxR, QxP eli fol- 30 RxKt, PXR; 31 QxP eh,
X-K3; 32 R-Kt7 and
lowed by ... Q-Kt4 eh or
wills); 30 P-BS, R-K4; 31
. . . Q-R5 eh winning the
PxP, Q-B4 ch; 32 QXQ, R
Rook. But after 25 ... R-
K3 White could proceed ad-
xQ chi 33 K-X and White
must win at least the ex-
vantageously with R-KKt.
change.
26 R-KKt P-B3
29 Q-B31 K-R
There is nothing better
against the threatened R- Forced because of the
KIS.
threat of R-R3. H for ex-
ample 29 ... P-Xt3; 20 R-
27 Q-Ktl Q-B RS, K-B2; 21 RXK., PXR;
22 Q-B6 mate.
The exchange of Queens
would yield White a favor- 30 R-R31 • • • •

able ending after Z1 . .. QX

This wins by force.
Q; 28 RXQ, P-B4; 29 R-
KS, RxR; 30 KxR, Xt-B3; 30 . . . . Kt-B3
[71]
Position after Bltu;k's 80th move. 31 . . . • KxR
LEVITZKY
Not 31 ... Kt-K5 chP 32
Il1!fIJ.!1I! 51 K-K.
Ii IJ IJ 111 82 R-Kt3 ch K-R3
iii Ii :. •
• IJ4'lIJI. There is nothing better.
IJE. n II 33 KtXKt R-K3
II E!il II lUI 34 R-Kt5! • • •

EIII IIEIl! n Black cannot parry both

II II • l!i!l mating threats.
FLAMBERG
34 . . . • Q-B4 ch
81 RXPII • • • 35 K-B R-K6
A magnificent conclusion 86 Kt-Kt4 chi PxKt
to White's splendid play. 37 Q-Kt7 mate

21. Pawn Sacrifices

''The Pawns," wrote the great Philidor, "are the soul
of the game." From the aesthetic pOint of view, there
are few effects in chess so pleasing as a subtly planned
and skilliully executed Pawn sacrifice. The more un-
obtrusive the move, the less obvious it is-the more is
contributed to its artistry. Because of its very subtlety,
the Pawn sacrifice has never received the appreciation
which it truly merits. Imagination is required not only
to hit on the Pawn sacrifice, but also to recognize its
beautyl

[72]
 VIENNA, 1920

Scotch Opening
WHITE BLACK move by playing 9 ..• B-
G. Mar6czy Or. S. Tarto- Kt3; 10 B-Q2, P-QR4
kover whereupon White had to
1 P-K4 P-K4 weaken his position by 11 P
2 Kt-KB3 Kt--QB3 -QR4 since 11 0-0-0
3 P--Q4 pxp would not do because of 11
4 KtxP Kt-B3 ... P-R5; 12 Kt-R, P-R6;
5 KtxKt KtPxKt 13 P-Kt3, B-Q5 etc.-Tar·
6 Kt--Q2 • • • •
takover-Lasker, New York
1924); 10 B-Q2, P-QR4
The purpose of this rarely (Tartakover Rubinstein,
played move (instead of the Mahrisch-Ostrau 1923).
usual 6 B-Q3) is to gain a
tempo after 6 ... P-Q4; 7 7 .... 0-0
PXP, PxP, by being able to B 0-0 P-Q4
play B-Kt5 ch directly. 9 Q-B3 • • • •
Mter 8 . . . B-Q2; 9 BxB
P-KR3 directly was a
ch, QXB; 10 0-0 Black's
preferable continuation.
Queen-side would be some-
what weak. 9 .... Kt-Kt5!
6 _. • • B-B4 10 P-KR3 • • • •

Crossing White's plan by On 10 PXP, Black does

deferring . . . P-Q4 until not play . . . Kt-K4 (be-
he has castled. cause of 11 BxP ch) but
continues 10 ... Q-Q3; 11
7 B-Q3 • • • •
Q-Kt3, QXQ; 12 PXQ, P
0, 7 P-K5, Q-K2; B Q- xP; 13 Kt-Kt3, B-Kt3; 14
K2, Kt-Q4; 9 Kt-Kt3, 0-0 B-KB4, B-K31 with good
(in a subsequent game end-game prospects. (Tar-
Black improved on this takover).
[73]
 10 . • • • Kt-K4 Kt-Q4, B-KtS with advan-
11 Q-K2 R-K tage to Black,
12 PXP PXP
POGition ofter White'f l&h mGu..
13 Kt-Kt3 B-Q3
14 P-K84 KtXB TARTAKOVER
15 QxKI P-QUl
An unexpected and ele-
gant sacrifice of a Pawn.
The powerful threats of ...
B-R3 or , , . P-R5 force
White to accept the QP, so
as to have some material
advantage to compensate
for his inferior develop-
ment. MAnOCZY
16 QxP 8-RS
17 P-B4 ... _ 18 . • • • P-B31J
Forced, as 17 R-Q would A beautiful sacriSce
be mel by 17 . .. P-QB3I; which crowns Black's ener-
18 Q-Q4 (18 Q-Q2, R-K7 getic play. Nor can White
or 18 QxB, R-K8 ch. while decline the Pawn, for ex-
;I 18 Q-B3 0' Q-RS, B- ample 19 Q-Q4, Q-Kt3.
K7), B-B41 19 KtxB, R- I. 20 KI-Kt3, QXQ ch;
K8 ch; 20 K-R2, RxR. 21 KIXQ, B-B4.
17 . • . • P-R5 II. 20 QxB? QR-Q win-
18 Kt-B5 , , .. ning the Queen,
III. 20 B-K3, RxB; 21
Seemingly very powerful
QXB. R-Q, 22 KI-Q7, Rx
as it forces the exchange of
Xt and wins,
one of the bothersome
Bishops. but Tartakover has 19 QxP R-<;l8
a fine refutation in store. 20 QxQB 8XKt ch
If instead 18 Kt-Q2 or 21 K-R2 Q-<;l61
[74]
 This paralyzes White's R4 ch; 9:1 K-BS, Q-B6 ch),
game. Q-K7 (threatening 27 ...
22 R-B3 ... _ P-R4 ch); 9:1 Q-Kt7, P-
R4 ch; 28 KxP, R-B4 ch;
22 R-R would lose out- 29 P-BS (0' 29 K-Kt4, P-
right after ... B-B7. B4 ch; 30 K-RS, K-B2),
22 . . . • Q-Q8 RxP ell; 30 K-Kt4, RxR;
Threatens Q-K8 fol- 31 QXR, P-B4 ch; 32 K-
lowed by B-Kt8 ch. B4, B-Q3 ch and wins.
23 Q-RS ...• 23 . . . . R-B3
24 Q-Q2 Q-Kt8 eh
White is still Wlable to get
his pieces out to forestall
25 Resigns ...-
the mating attack, for if 23 The finish might have
P-QKt3, Q-Kt8 ch; 24 K- been 25 K-Kt3, R-Kt3 ch;
K'3, Q-K8 ch; 25 K-Kt4 26 K-R4, B-K2 ch; 9:1 K-
(K-R2 B-Kt8 ch), B-K2; 85, RxP; 28 Q-Q7, P-Kt3
26 P-Kt3 (26 R-Kt3, P- ch; 29 K-R6. B-B mate.

22. The Center

In seventy years of tournament play, neither the
Alekhine Defense (1 P-K4, Kt-KB3) nor the Nirnzo-
vich Defense (l P-K4, Kt-QB3), were so much as
thought of, let alone adopted in actual play. From this
fact we may deduce that the masters of the nineteenth
century (the "pseudo-classicists," as Nimzovich calls
them) had a radically different theory of the center
than the one that prevails today. In bringing about this
change of opinion few men were so instrumental as
Breyer. Many of his games exemplify a sbuggle be-
tween the old-fashioned view (that a strong center
[75]
consists in having Pawns on the fourth rank) and the
modem attitude, which considers that such a center is
weak, since the Pawns can often be attacked easily.
VIENNA, 1921

Nimzovich Defeme
WHITE BLACK created some weaknesses in
Dr. M. Euwe G. Breyer White's game.
1 P-K4 Kt-QB3 90-0 Q-Q2
2 Kt-QB3 Kt-B3
Not 9 ... PXP; 10 BxP
Clearly against all "rulesl"
ch, KxB; 11 KtxP oh, Ktx
3 P-Q4 P-K4 Kt; 12 PxKt dis ch.
4 pxp QKtXP
5 P-84 Kt-B3
10 Q-KI? • • • •

6 P-K5 Kt-KKt White is no longer sure or

78-84 • • • •
According to the ordinary
standards, White has a much
superior game.
7 . • . . P-Q3
At once "putting the ques-
tion" to the advanced Pawn.
8 Kt-B3 B-Kt5
Now we see that White is
already in difficulties: if he
plays 9 PxP, BxP Black ob-
tains a good development,
while in addition it is clear
that the advanced KBP ha"
[76J
his position; hence this in-
genious attempt to intrGo'
duce tactical complications
-in which, however, Breyer
shows himself to be per.
fectly at home.
10 . . • • 0-0-01
11 Kt-KKt5 PxPI
Not 11 ... Kt-R3; 12 Kt
xBP, KtxKt; 13 P-K8, Q-
K (... Q-K2; 14 Kt-Q5),
14 PxKt, QxQ; 15 RxQ
and White is a Pawn to the
good with the better posi-
tion.
Porition a/le<81ack''''lh _ ,
DR. EUWE
12 K-R • • . .
Tartakover mentions the
following interesting possi.
bility with the comment
that '"the position is very
wild": 12 B-Kt3, Kt-Q5; 13
PXP, KI-R3; 14 B-K3, B-
QB4; 15 K-R, KR-K; 16
KtxBP, KIXB; 17 RPxKI,
BXB; 18 QXB, KlxKI; 19
RxP. At this point Tarta.
kover leaves off his analysis,
which might lead to these
variations:
I. 19 ... K-Kt; 20 R-RB
chi KxR; 21 R-R ch, K-
Xt; 22 Q-R7 ch and mate
next move.
11. 19 . . . P-B3 ( . .. P-
[77)
QKI3? 20 Q-K4!); 20 Q_'
KI6, Q-K2; 21 R-R8 ch, K
-Q2; 22 QXKtP ch, K-K3;
23 QxP ch, KI-Q3; 24 Q_
Q5 ch, K-Q2; 25 R-R7 ch,
lC-B; 26 Q-RB mate.
Ill. 19 , . , Q-K3 (, ..
Q-Q5? 20 R-R8 ch win-
ning the Q); 20 R-R8 ch.
K-Q2; 21 Q-Q4 ch, K-K2
(.. , , K-B3; 22 Q-R4 ch,
and mate follows); 22 Q
-85 ch, K-Q2; 23 Kt-Q5!
R-QB (, , , P-B3; 24 Rx
KI ch, QXR; 25 Q-Q6
mate); 24 RxKt ch (not at
once 24 Kt-Kt6 ch, QXKt;
25 RxKt ch, K-Q; 26 Q-
Q5 ch, Q-Q3!1 although
Btacie cannot go in for 24
.. , PXK~ 25 RXKI ch elc.),
QXR; 25 KI-KI6 ch, K-K3;
26 Q-Q5 ch K-K2; 27 Q-
B5 ch, K-Q; 28 Q-Q4 ch
with a draw by perpetual
check.
12 . . . . P-B3
13 KI--87 Kt-R.(!
14 KtxQR KtxB
15 Q-K4 Kt-Q3
16 Q-Kt4 ....
This is the move that
Euwe relied on. He threat.
ens to fescue his Knight by cleverly by 21 B-KtS, P-
KtxP, a troublesome threat KR3 (21 B-K3; 22 R
to meet, for example: -Q 0' 21 B-R4; 22 Bx
L 16 ... KxKt; 17 PxP Kt, QXB; 28 Q-BS ch); 22
winning back the piece. BxKt, QXB; 28 QxP, Kt-
II. 16 ... QXKt; 17 PxP B3; 24 Kt-K4! KtxKt; 25
again regaining the piece. QxB ch followed by QxKt.
III. 16 ... Kt-R3; 17 P 21 QxP Kt-B3
xP.
22 B-Kt5 R-Ktl
(a) 17 ... PXP; 18 B-
Kt5, B-K2; 19 BxB, QXB; The saving movel H now
20 KtxP. 23 QxKt, RxB wins.
(b) 17 ... Kt(Q3)-B2; 23 Q-R6 R-Kt3
18 QXP ch, KxKt; 19 BxKt, 24 Q-R4 Kt-Q3
KtxB; 20 QR-Q, BxR; 21
RxB and wins. Preventing Kt-K4.
16 . . . . B-K2!1 25 R-KB Kt-B4
The beginning of an unex- 26 QxB KtxQ
27 BxQ Kt{Kt5}-K61
pected counter-attack.
17 pxp PxP An important Zwischen-
18 KtxP KtxKt zug.
19 R-B8 ch .... 28 R-B3 KXB
An ingenious attempt to 29 P-KR3
freshen the attack. A last hope-if 29 .. . Ii
19 . . . . BxR xP; 30 RXKt(B5).
20 QXB ch Q-Q 29 . . . . R-Kt6
After 20 ... Kt-Q White 30 RxR KtxR ch
would recover his piece 31 Resigns

[78J
 23. Steinitz and Nimzovich
It is surprising that the points of resemblance be-
tween these two great masters have received so little
attention. Both of them preferred cramped positions
and difficult defensive games requiring superhuman
skill (rather than open positions and ready-made at-
tacks); they formulated definite and highly integrated
theories of the game; they were always inventing new
moves, introducing new ideas, innovating, seeking the
ultimate-all this making them tragically incomprehen+
sible to their contemporaries. Their moves were almost
invariably characterized as "bizarre," "mysterious,"
"typically Steinitzian," "just the sort of move that
Nirnzovich likes to play," etc., etc., etc.
STOCKHOLM, 1921

Nim::ovich Defense
WHITE BLACIE: tage) and also prepares. .
Wendel A. Nimzovich P-QKt4 (see Black's 11th
1 P-K4 Kt-QB3 move).
2 P-Q4 P-Q4 7 P-B3 P-KB41
3 Kt-QB3 pxp 8 pXP • • • •
4 P-QS Kt-K4
5 B-teB4 Kt-Kt3 If now 8 P-KR4, P-K4t
6 B-Kt3 P-QR31 9 P-RS, Q--Kt41 (White',
QB is unprotected--compare
Already "'bizarre'" The this with the previous Dote).
text is intended first of all as
a waiting move (if 6 . . . 8 . . . . P-BSI
P-KB4; 7 P-KR4. P-B5; 8 9 8-B2 P-K4
P-R5, PxBj 9 PxKt, PxP 10 Kt-B3 B-Q3
€h; 10 KxP with advan. 11 P-KU • • • •
[79]
 Very attractive, but Nim- 17 QKt-Q2 Q-Kt2
zovich rightly expresses his 18 K-B Kt-Q2
preference for B-QS, Kt- 19 P-R6 Q-Kt61
-1(2, and P-B4.
This silly-looking move
11 . . . . P-Kt41 (for is it not obvious that
12 P-RS Kt-B White will play R-R3)
13 B-R4 Q-Q2 really gains a tempo.
One "bizarre" move after 20 R-R3 Q-K,
anotberl 21 Kt-U Kt-B4
14 B-K2 • • • • The reader who has raised
In order to stop . . . Q- bis eyebrows over the ''bi-
KtS, which is now answered zarre'" contortions of the
by 15 KtxKP, QXKtP; 16 B Knight, will note with no less
-B3 winning the Queen. amazement that this much.
But the Bisbop move bas moved piece has finally
been purposely provoked by reached a good square.
Black in order to drive back 22 R-R R-Kt
the Knight advantageously.
Such is Nimzowitsch's
14 . . . . P-Kt5!
strange power that this
15 Kt-Kt Kt-B3!
move hypnotizes his oppo-
Now Nirnzovicb's deeply nent into opening the QKt
thought out maneuver be- 61el
comes clear. He attacks both
23 P-B3 pxp
the RP and KP, tbus forcing
24 PXP Q-Kt6
the foDowing exchange.
25 Q-B2 R--l<t
16 BXKt PxB 26 Kt-B.4 • • • •

Obtaining the KKt file as If 26 R-QK~

RxR ch; Z1
a future base of operations. KtxR, Q-K6; 28 Kt-Q2
[SO]
(28 B-B3, B-Q2 and there
is no adequate defense to
Black's threats). R-Kt6; 29
P-B4, B-Q2; 00 R-R2 (00
KK'-83, RxP; 31 KxR, Q
xB ch; 32 K-Kt, K'-Q6; 33
R-R2, B-B4 ch; 34 K-R,
Kt-B7 ch; 35 RxKt, QXR
and wins. or 30 Kt-BS. Bx
Kt; 31 PXB, P-K5, etc.), B
R5; 31 Q-B, Kt-Q6; 32 Bx
Kt, B-B4; 33 Q-K, Q-KtS
ch and mate next move.
26 . . . . B-Q2
27 KtXB eh PxKt
28 0-63 . , , ,
"Now that White has
seemingly consolidated his
position. he suddenly sue-
PNition after White's 28th mooe.
NIMZOVICH
WENDEL
[81]
combs to an extremely
pretty attack (it's a pity
that I myself have to say so.
but I would still say it if my
worst enemy had played
the game, so why not when
I happen to be the one?
.. _)~ writes Nimzovich.
28 , . , , B-Kt4 eM
29 P-B4
H 29 K-Kt, B-Q6 and
wins. or .29 B-K2, Kt-Q6;
80 B-R5 ch, K-Q2; 31 K-
Kt, Q-K6 ch; 82 K-R2, Kt
-B7; 33 K'-B5, RxP ch; 34
KxR, R-Kt eh; 35 Kt-Kt7.
Q--Kt6 mate.
29 , , , • BXP chJ
30 QXB R-Kt7
31 B-K2 R-KKtSI
Having in mind the fol-
lowing continuation: 32 B-
R3, RxKt; 33 RXQ, R-RB
eh; 34 K-B2, PxR ch; 35
KxP. RxR and wins.
32 Q-B RxKt
33 RxR RxB
34 KXR QxP chi
The point of the whole
combination: ..the Rook will
not nm away,"
 3S K-Q Q-BS ch 43 Q-B7 ch K-Kt3
86 K-Q2 .... 44 Q-Kt7 ch K-R4
Fo,ced-i1 86 K-B2, Q- H now 45 QXRP?, Q-Ktll
Q6 ch; 37 K-Kl2, Kt-RS chi 46 K-Rl. Kt-B7 mate.
mate. 45 Q-Kt2 Q-K6 ch
38 . . . . Q-Q6 ch 46 K-R2 Kt-B71
37 K-K Q-Kt6 ch 47 R-KB Kt-Kt5 ch
38 K-B QXR 48 K-R P-K5
39 K-Kt Q-Kt6 ch 49 R-KKt P-B4
50 P-R4 KxP
The rest is easy. 51 P-RS K-Kt4
4Q K-R Q-R6 ch 52 R-Kt P-B6
41 K-Kt KtXP 53 Q-Kt2 P-B7
42 Q-B6 ch K-B2 54 Resigns

24. The Modem Rubinstein

The following game shows Rubinstein-the positional
player par excellence-adopting ultra-modem methods
and beating a later World Champion in the most ap-
proved hypermodern fashion. Especially noteworthy in
this cespect is the tour of his Knight. Kt-KB3-Q4-
K2-Kt5-B5-Kt5-K4.
HAGUE, 1921

Sicilian Defense
WHITE BLACIt Not the best. A preferable
Dr. M. Euwe A. Rubinstein line seems 4 P-B4. Kt-B2;
1 P-K4 P-QB4 5 P-Q4, PxP; 6 QxP, Kt-
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-KB3 B3; 7 Q-K4, P-Q4; 8 PxP
3 P-K5 Kt-Q04 e.p., QXP; 9 Kt-B3, P-K4;
4 P-Q4 • • • • 10 B-B4, P-B3; 11 R-Q
[821
 (Spielmann • Rubinstein, Black was already threat-
Gothenburg 1920). ening 8 ... KtxP foUowed
4. . . . pxp by ... Q-R4 ch. Nor can
5 QXP P-K3 the threat be met by 8 B-
6 P-84 Kt-Q83 B4, e.g. . . . Kt-Kt3; 9 B-
7 Q-Q .... Kt3, KKtxP; 10 KtXKt, Q_
Somewhat better is 7 Q- R4 ch (10 . . . KtxKt? 11
K4. KKt-K2 (aft« 7 . . . BXK~ Q-R4 chi 12 B-BS);
P-B4; 8 PxP e.p., KtxP 11 Q-Q2, B-Kt5; 12 Kt-
Black's center Pawns are QB3, KtxKt, etc.
weak); 8 B-B4, Kt-Kt3; 9 8 . . . . Kt-Kt3
B-Kt3, P-Q3 although 9 Q-K2 ....
even then Black has an edge.
The text-move puts White A very unpleasant move.
on the defensive. but there is no other way to
save the Pawn.
7 . . . . KKt-K2!
9.. .. Q-B2
Usually this Knight has to
10 8-83 P-Kt3!
be played to 82, but White's
unfortunate transposition It is clear that White
(ct· the note to his 4th wishes to play P-KKt3, in
move) allows Rubinstein to order (1) to develop his
begin an attack on the hos- Bishop and (2) to prevent
tile KP which is d..ifficult to any inconvenient invasions
parry. Without being too of Black's KKt. But after
dogmatic we may say that Black's last move 11 P-KKt3
Black's attack on the KP would be premature because
suffices to win the game, for of 11 ... B-Kt2; 12 B-Kt2,
as will be seen, White has QKtxP.
to develop his pieces on 11 P-KR4 • • • •
poor squares in order to be
able to retain the Pawn. In order to enable P-KKt3
White incurs a further loss
8 B-Q2 • • • • of time and adds to the
[83J
weak points in his position. White despairs of holding
11 . . . . P-Q3! the game, else he would at
least try the marc rational
Another 6ne move. Black's course of 18 Kt-Kt3, B-Q3;
pieces are so well posted 19 0-0-0 although even
that be naturaUy wishes to in that event the drawbacks
open up the game. of his position still remain:
12 pxp BxP his King is exposed, his
13 QKt-Q2 •.•• pieces badly placed, his
position riddled with weak-
Or 13 BxP. Kt-BS (but
nesses.
Dot 13 ... KR-Kt; 14 B-
B6); 14 Q-Q. KR-Kt; 15 B 18 . . . . KKt-K4
-R6, KtxP ch; 16 BxKt, 19 KtXKt KtxKt
RxB with the powerful 00 P-QKt4 •. _ .
threats of. . Kt-K4 and II 20 B-K2. P-BS fol·
... B-Kt2. lowed by . , . B-Kt2 and
13 . . . , Kt-BS . . . QR-Q, with decisive
advantage for Black,
With this move Rubio-
'Stein assumes the attack and Position after White's 20th move.
carries it through in mas- RUBINSTEIN
terly fashion.
14 Q-K3 . ..,
Somewhat better is Q-Q.
White loses entirely too
much time with the Queen
moves.
14 . . . . B-B<
15 Q-K< P-B4
16 Q-B2 0-0
DR. EUWE
17 P-KKt3 Kt-Kt3
18 P-R5 , . .. 20. • • • BxP chi
[84J
 The first part of the game Everything with tempol
has been played by Rubin~ The energy with which
stein with consummate posi- Rubinstein conducts the at-
tion judgment. In the fol. tack is refreshing.
lowing phase he reveals his
26 B-Kt P-B5
skiU as a tactician.
27 P-B5 Q-R3
The same move would
28 K-K P-K5
have followed on 20 B-Kt2;
20 ... BxP chI; 21 KxB 29 R-R4 Q-Kt4
(or 21 K-B, Kt-KtS), Kt- 30 Q-KR3 •..•
KtS ch; 22 K-K2, QxKtP, Or 30 R-R3, P-B6.
23 BXR, Q-B7 ch; 24 K-Q, 30 . . . . Kt-K61
Kt-K6 ch and wins. The quickest way; White
21 KxB Kt-Kt5 ch must capture the Kt.
22 K-K2 .•••
31 BxKt PxB
Forced.
32 8-B4 ch • • • •
22 • . . . QxKtP
The soundness of the sac- Or 32 KtxP. RxB ch; 33
rifice is based on the con· KxR, R-B ch; 34 K-K2, B
tempIated advance of Black's -R3 ch. On 32 Kt-B4, Q-
center Pawns, against which B3 would likewise suffice.
there is no adequate d~
fense.
32 . . . . K-R
33 Kt-B Q-B3
23 B-Q.... B-Kt2 34 Resigns
24 R-R3 Q-Q3
25 Q-B3 P-K41 A deUgbtful game,

25. "Plagiarism"
One of the classics of end~game composition is a wen~
known position of Troitsky (White: King 00 Q5, Bishop
on KR6, Pawn on KKt7. Black: King on KB2, Pawns OD
K2 and KR2. White wins by 1 P-Kt8( Q) ch, KXQ,
[85]
2 K-K6, K-R; 3 K-B7 followed by mate). Twenty-
seven years later this theme was strikingly embodied by
Dr. Tarrasch in actual play. The game was awarded a
special prize, although, as the winner jokingly pointed
out, he was really guilty of plagiarisml
VIENNA, 1922

Caro·Kann Defense
WHITE BLACK Kt-R4 wins a piece.
Dr. S. Torrosch R. Reti 100-0 0-0
1 P-K.4 P-QB3 11 P-R3 ..•.
2 Kt-QB3 P-Q.4
To prevent ... Kt-Kt5.
3 Kt-B3 Kt-B3
4 PXP pXP 11 . . . . P-QR3
5 P-Q.4 • • • • Preparing a demonstra-
The late advance of the tion on the Q side. 11 . . .
QP is a "hypermodern" P-K4 would be bad on ac-
wrinkle which one would count of 12 PXP, KtxP; 13
hardly expect from a classi- Q-B5, KtxB; 14 QXQKt and
cist like Tarrasch. the QP is weak. If, in this
variation, 13 ... Kt-B5; 14
5 . . . . B-Kt5 KtxPl
6 P-KR31 BxKt
7 QXB P-K3 12 Kt-K2 P-QKt4
8 B-Q3 Kt-B3 13 B-KB4 • • • •
9 B-K3 B-K2 To prevent 13 ... P-K4;
14 PxP, KtxP; 15 Q-B5,
9 . . . Q-Kt3 would be
answered by 10 0-01, and Kt-B5.
if 10 ... QXKtP; 11 Kt-Kt5 13 . • . . Q-Kt3
threatening 12 KR-Kt as 14 P-B3 Kt-QR4
well as Kt-B7 ch. If 10 ... 15 QR-Q Kt-BS
KtxP; 11 Q-B4, B-B4; 12 16 B-B Q-B3
[86]
 Attempting to post the Kt Position after Whits', 28th move.
at K5.
17 Kt-Kt3 P--QR4
18 KR-KI P-KtS
Black underestimates or
perhaps overlooks the o~
ponent's threat.
19 RPxP PXP
20 Kt-BS! PXKt
21 RxB Pxp
22 pXP P-Kt3
The only move to save the
important KBP, but Tar. DR. TARRASCH
Tasch now proceeds to ex-
ploit the weakness of the There is no saving the
black squares. game now for Black.
23 B-R6! Kt-Kt7 I. 28 ... R-QB (to pre-
24 R-Kt KtxB vent R-B7); 29 P-QB41 P
25 QxKt .... XP; 3IJ P-Q5! Q-R3; 31 P
The alternative 25 BxR -Q6 winning.
would allow either 25 . . . II. 28 ... R-Q3; 29 R-
KxB followed by ... QxP Kt7!!
or 25 ... QxP at once with (A) 29 ... QXR; 30 Qx
chances of a counter-attack. R, Kt-Q2; 31 Q-K7, Q-B;
25 . . . . KR-Kt 32 P-KB4, Kt-B (Black's
last moves have all been
26 RXR ch RXR
forced); 33 Q-K5, Kt-KS;
27 Q-Kt3 R-Q
34 QxQP, etc.
If 27 ... R-K; 28 Q-K5 (B) 29 ... R-Q; 3IJ Q_
controlling the K IDe and K7 and wins.
threatening QxKt would be (C) 29 ... Kt-K; 3IJ R-
decisive.
Kt8, R-K3; 31 Q-Kt7 mate.
28 Q-KS • • • • (D) 29 ... R-K3; 3IJ R
[871
-KtS ch (80 QXKtl also pieces (by the text) is char-
forces mate), R-K; 31 QX acteristic of Tarrasch's style.
KtI and wins. 38 . • • • Kt-K
28 . . . . R-R U 33 ... R-K; 34 R-Kt7
29 R-B71 • ch, K-R; 35 R-KB7, Kt-
Forcing the exchange of R4; 36 P-Kt4, K-Kt (36 ...
Queens because of the Kt-Kt6; 37 K-B2, Kt-R8
threat of Q-K7. After ch; 88 K-Kt2 wins the
Black's last move 29 P-QB4 Knight); S7 R-R7, Kt-B3;
would no longer be so good: 38 R-Kt7 ch, K-R; 39 R-
. . . PXP; 30 P-Q5. Q-R3; KB7 wins elegantly (Dr.
31 P-Q6, Q-R8 ch; 32 QX Tartakover) .
Q, RxQ ch; 33 K-R2, R- 84 K-R21 • • • •
QR, etc.
The beginning of a mag·
29 .... Q-K3 nilicent plan.
80 QXQ PXQ
81 R-Kt7 ch K-R S4 . • • • Kt-Q3
82 R-K7 K-Kt S5 R-Kt7 ch K-R
36 R-Q7 Kt-Kt4
82 ... Kt-Kt would not ]f 86 ... Kt-K the Kt is
win a piece.
stalemated.
And if 32 ... R-Kl; 33 B-
Kt7 ch, K-Ktl; 34 BxKt 87 K-Kt3 KtXBP
winning a piece. 38 K-B4 Kt-Kt4.
39 K-KS R-K
as P-B31 • • • 40 K-B6 • • • •

Better than 38 RXKP, K Black resigns, for 40 .

-B2 and Black's K is free.
The weak QBP would then
cause White some concem.
The process of taking away
squares from the enemy's
[88]
K-Kt would lead to 41 R-
Kt7 ch, K-R; 42 R-Kt7, Kt
-Q3; 43 R-Q7, Kt-Kt4; 44
K-B7, R-KKt; 45 R-Q8!
An artistic conclusion.
 26, Reli
It is doubtful whether any player of Richard Reti's
genius has ever succeeded in playing as badly as Reti
often did-so badly that he became the perennial dis-
appointment of the chess world. so badly that the low
opinion of him prevalent in certain quarters is grossly
inconsistent with his extraordinary gifts and his pro-
found knowledge of the game, not to mention his out-
standing abilities as an end·game composer and blind-
fold player. Yet there is no gainsaying the fact that
despite occasional successes Reti was a distinct failure
as a tournament player; this was due in the last analysis
to his lack of that wilI.power and persistence which are
so indispensable in securing and maintaining preemi-
nence in any field. Reti was more interested in the
"why" of chess, as Tartakover has put it, than in the
''how,•
And yet few masters have left the chess world a
richer heritage than Richard Reti: he wrote "Modem
Ideas in Chess," memorable for its brilliant analysis of
the evolution of chess theory from Anderssen to Alek-
hine; he wrote "Masters of The Chessboard," which.
even in its incomplete form, is so lucid and compre-
hensive that it is undoubtedly the finest chess manual
written thus far; he invented and perfected the Reti
Opening, which revolutionized chess theory; he com-
posed a series of end-games which are remarkable for
their captivating ingenuity and artistry; and finally, he
Jeft the chess world a goodly number of games, some
of them masterpieces and almost all of them unknown.
Among these is the following game:
[89]
 VIINNA, 1922

French Defense

WHITE BLACX 8 P-B4 P-QB4

9 P-QR3 BxKt
R. R'ti v. Vukovics
10 PXB Kt-QB3
1 P-K4 P-K3 11 Q-QI • • • •
2 P-Q4 P-Q4
3 Kt-Q53 Kf-KB3 A very fine move, which
4 B-KI5 B-K:5 shows the profundity and
5 P-K5 P-KR3 originality of Reti's play. For
6 B-Q2! KKt-Q2 if 11 Kt-B3, then Black's Q
-Kt3 is very difficult to
The usual continuation is meet. Had Black played 7
6 ... BXKt; 7 PxB, Kt-KS. . . . P-KKt3. this move
The text-move gives Black would not be at White's dis-
a very di..fficult game. posal, inasmuch as he could
not check at Kt4.
7 Q-Kt4 K-B 11 . . . . P-QR.4?
VukOvics also played this A bad move. Black weak-
move against Vajda. Gyor, ens his position permanently
1924, with the foUowing in order to threaten to win
continuation: 8 P-B4. p- the QP.
QB4; 9 P-QR3, BxKt; 10
12 Kt-B3 Q-Kt3
PxB (so far identical with
the present game), P-QKt3; Again weak. The Queen
11 Kt-B3, P-KR4; 12 Q- is now driven to a square
Kt3, B-R3; 13 B-Q3, BxB; where she is out of play dur·
14 PXB, KI-QB3; 15 P-BSI iog the entire game.
and White has an over-
13 QR-KI Q-R2
whelming attack. Possibly 7
14 B-K3 P-QKt3
. . . P-KKtS (see White's
eleventh move) is better. 14 . . . PXP was much
[90]
better than the move actu- Black is more to be pitied
ally adopted. than scorned!
15 B-KtSI Kt-K2 21 B-R3 B-Q2
16 P-QU P-B5 22 P-KKt4! P-R4
Although White's Bishop
Played no doubt under
is cut off, it exerts powerful
the impression that this
pressure, preventing the de-
move prevents P-BS.
velopment of the opponent's
Bishop. 23 P-B51 KPXP
170-0 Kt-QKt Obviously best. If .23 ...
Vukovics is evidently at a KtPxP; 24 Q-KtS ch. K-
loss for a good move. Some- R2; 25 B-BS, etc. And if 23
what better would have ... RPxP; 24 P-B6 ch, etc.
been an attempt to set up a 24 BxB ....
srronger defensive position
by P-Kt3. K-Kt2, Kt-KKt, Po.rition after White's 24th moutl.
Kt-KB • R-KR2 and K-R VUKOVICS
etc., although Black's game
is hopeless in any event.
18 8-BI .•..
This Bishop is very
srrongly placed (in the fu-
hrrel) at QR3.
18 . . . . P-Kt3
19 Q-K • • • •

Reti now proceeds to

work up a powerful attack,
having made all the neces-
sary preparations. 24 . . . RPxP
19 . . . . k-Kt2 u ... QXB; 25 PxBP. Q
20 Q-R4 kt-Ktl? xBP; 26 Kt-Kt5. Q-KtS ch;
[91J
Z1 QXQ, PXQ; 28 RxP ch, 25 8-B8 ch KX B
K-R3; 29 Kt-K6 and wins 26 QxR KtxB
easily. If 26 ..• QXB; Z1 Kt-
In this variation Reti had Kt5. Kt-QR3; 28 Kt-R7 ch,
possibly intended the beau- K-K2; 29 Kt-B6, Q-Q; 30
tiful Queen sacrifice Z1 K- KtxKt ch, QXKt; 31 Q-B6
RIll If now QXQ, White ch and wins.
mates in three-28 Kt-K6
27 Kt-Kt5 Q-Kt
ch!! K-R3; 29 B-B8 ch, K-
28 KtXPI KXKt
R2; 30 RxP mate. Black's
29 Q-R7 ch K-K3
best move is 27 ... Kt-KR3,
30 QxP ch K-K2
after which White wins by
31 Q-KtS ch Kt(Kt)-B3
28 QXQ, PXQ; 29 RXQKtP,
R-QR2; 30 P-K6, R-B2, Black cannot save the
(or, 30 . . . PXP; 31 KtxP Knight.
ch, K-R2; 32 Kt-BB eh, 32 PXKt ch K-Q3
etc.); 31 P-K7, Kt-B3; 32 33 Q-84 ch K-83
B--Q6, R(B2)-B; 33 Kt-K6 84 QxQ RxQ
oh, PXKt; 34 RxKt, RxR: 35 RXBP R-KB
35 B-K5 ch and wins. 36 P-67 Resigns

27. "Chess-Zoology"
Dr. Tartakover tells the follOwing amusing anecdote:
During the course of the London (1922) Tournament,
he and some of the other participants paid a visit to
the London wo. They were particularly interested in
the sea-lions, who drowsed dreamily in the sun. Finally
their keepers came to feed them and threw herrings
into the cage. Despite their somnolence the animals
jumped up with extraordinary agility and snapped up
the herrings in mid-air. "You see," said Bogolyubov to
Dr. Tartakover, "that is just the way you play chess.
[92]
You maneuver and stall endlessly, until your opponent
finally comes along with a herring (a mistake). Then
you leap like lightning on your miserable victim and
gobble him up."

CAUUAD, .'u
Queen's Pawn Opening
WHITE BLACK: A good reply. The text-
Sir G. A. move prepares for a coun-
Dr. S. Tortakover ter-attack by ... Q-Kt3 or
Thomas
1 P-Q4 P-Q4 ... Q-R4.
2 Kt-Q83 • • • • 5 P-K4 PXP
6 PXP Q-R4
This rarely played open-
ing, the invention of Breyer, Now White's center
is a favorite with a few ad- Pawns hang badly.
venturous spirits, notably
Tartakover and Miescs. 7 Q-Q2 • • • •

2 . . • • Kt-KB3 Tartakover suggests 7 B-

3 8-KIS QKI-Q2 Q2 and if ... Q-Kt3; 8 KI-
83, QXKtP; 9 B-Q3, etc.,
Rather tame; . . . B-B4 and White has a very good
would be more aggressive. game.
4 P-B3 • • • • But afle< 7 B-Q2, Q-Kt3;
8 Kt-B3 Black would have
With the idea of forming
a strong continuation in 8
a strong center by means of
..• P-K4!
P-K4. But the resulting
Pawn formation, contrary to 7 .... P-K4
White's expectations, is 8 Kt-83 B-K2
rather weak.
A promising alternative is
4 . • • • P-B3 8 .•. B-KI5; 9 B-Q3, PXP;
[93]

10 KtXP, 0-0 (but not 10
. . . Q-K4; 11 K'-B3, Bx
Kt; 14 PxB, KtxP, 15 Ktx
Q, K.xQ; 16 K.xK. wm-
ning a piece) and White's
position is very difficult.
9 B-QB4 pxp
10 QxP Q-Kt3
10 ... B-B4 would lead
to interesting complications:
11 Q-Q2, 0-0; 12 0-0-
0, K'-Kt5; 13 KR-B, KKt
-K4; 14 B-KtS, P-Kt4. etc.
11 Q-Q2 Q-B4
•
13 . . . . Kt-B51
14 BxQ KtxQ
15 Bx8 K.xB
16 RPXKt KxB
Black has come nearer to
his objective (a draw) with
the foregoing simplification.
\Vhite's KP is rather sickly,
and in any event it certainly
does not appear as if White
had the slightest chance of'
winning. But from this point
on Tartakover plays the very
best moves and consolidates
his position in slcillful fashion.

17 P-KSI Kt-Kt5
The capture of the Pawn
18 0-0 8-B4
would hardly turn out to
Black's disadvantage, for ex- The plausible . . . P-BS
ample 11 ... QXP; 12 R- would tum out to White's
QK., Q-R6; 13 P-K5. Kt- advantage after 19 QR-K.
Kt5 followed by ... Q-B4.
But evidently Thomas is 19 Kt-Q4! • • • •
peacefully inclined.
Centralization a 10 Nim·
ZQvich.
12 B-Kt3 Kt-K4
13 B-K3 • • • • 19 . . . . B-Kt3

Or 13 KIXK~ QxK.; 14 Now both of Black's

B-Kll4, Q-KR4 and Black minor pieces are badly
has overcome the difficulties placed.
of the opening (Tarta-
koverl_ 20 QR-K KR-Q
[94]
 On . . . QR-Q Tarta- 28 PXP K-K2
kover suggests 21 P-K:61?
which, however, would not On 28 ... Kt-Kt Tarta-
kover intended 29 Kt-K4
be so good because of 21
foUowed by Xl-KtS ch and
... P-B3! followed by , ..
Kt-K4 (but not 21 ... Rx wins, or if 28 ... Kt-B4; 29
Kl; 22 Pxp dis en.
etc.). Kt-K4, KxP; 30 RXKt ch
etc.
21 R-B4 P-KR-4
29 Kt-K4' • • • •
Or 21 ... Kt-R3; 22 p_
KKt41 Caining valuable time.
22 P-R3 Kt-R3
29 . . • • RxP
23 P-kKt4! PXP 30 R-R41 • • • •

24 PXP p-Qe4 Tartakover points out that

25 Kt-BS ch 8xKt this is more forceful than 30
26 Px8 • • • • Kt-B6, R-Q7! 81 R-KR4,
All this has been finely Kt-Kt; 82 R-RB, R( Q7)-
played by Tartakovec.
Q.
28 . . . . R-Q7 30 . • • • R-KKt
With this move Black Black bas nothing better,
hopes to simplify the game but his game is not alto.-
by forcing the exchange of gether hopeless. as it seems
a pair of Rooks. that all of the White Pawns
must disappear.
27 P-B6 chi K-K3
31 RxKt RxP ch
Or Zl ... PXP; 28 PXP
32 K-R RXP
ch, K-B; 29 R-KR4, Kt-
Kt; 80 R-R8, RxP; 81 K- 32 . . . R(Kt2)-Kt7; 113
RI with the powerful threat Kt-Q6, R(Kt7)-K7; 34 Rx
of R-ICKt (Tartakover). R. RxR; 35 KtxKtP, RxKP
Zl ... K-B was better would yield good drawing
(or the reply 28 P-K6 lea<h chances.
to nothing de.6nite. 33 Kt-Q61 ••••
[95J
 The only winning possi- that the weak KP would
bility. If now 33 ... K-Q2; ever get this farl
34 KtxBPI or 33 •.. R-Kt4; 37 . . . . R-Q6
84 R-KBI or 38 ... K-B; 38 R-KB R-R6 ch
84 R-RB ch. R-Kt; 35 Ktx
BP! The only move, for if 38
... R-K6; 39 R-BS ch, K-
33 . . . . R-Kt3 Q2; 4f) R-QS ch, .re.
Not the best. His last 89 K-Kt2 R-R
chance was 33 ... R(Kt2) 40 R-Q K-B2
-Kt7 and Black should draw. 41 K-B3l ...•
After the text.move, Tarta-
kover forces the game by a This wins an important
tempo in bringing the K to
neat continuation.
the Q side, for if now 41 ...
84 RXR PxR R-K White simply replies
Poritlon after Bltu;k's 34th move. 42K-K4 (Tartakover).

THOMAS
41 . . . . RxKt
42 R--Q8 KxP
43 RxR K-Q3
44 K-K4 ....
The ending is easily won
for White because the hos-
tile Pawns are not suffi·
ciently advanced to give
him any difficulty.
44 . • • . P-Kt3
DR. TARTAKOVER 45 R-KKt8 K-B3
46 RxP ch K-Kt4
35 P-K6! RXP 47 K-Q3 K-KtS
36 Kt-B8 ch K-K 48 R-Kt! P-Kt4
37 P-K7 . . . . Or 48 ... P-R4; 49 R-Kt
Who would have thought ch, K-R5; 50 K-BS. etc.
[96]
 49 R-QRI P-B5 ch -52 K-B3 K-R4
53 R-Rl K-Kt3
11 49 ... K-Kt6; 50 R- 54 R-R6 ch Resigns
Kt ch. K-R5; 51 K-B3 and
Black will soon be in Zug· 11 54 ... K-B4; 55 R-R6
wins easily. If 54 ... K-R4
zwang.
White's Rook "'tempos" on
50 K-Q4 K-Kt6 the 6th rank with a quick
51 R_Kt ch K-R5 win.

28. Premature Attack

It is well known that an attack undertaken without
adequate means must result in loss of the initiative, if
parried properly. This is demonstrated most convinc-
ingly in the present game-the chief interest of which,
however, lies in the hannonious simplicity of Reti's
beautifully timed play. The unusual movements of the
Knight add a certain fiquancy to Black's artistic con-
duct of the game.
MAHIISCIl-OSrlAU, 1921
Freru:h Defense
WHITE BLACE. won some pretty games.
E. Bogolyubov R. R6ti 4 • • • • KKt-Q2
1 P-K4 P-K3 5 Q-Kf4 •.••
2 P-Q4 P-Q4 'The Gledhill Variation,
S Kt-QB3 Kt-KB3 which leads to a lively game
4 P-K5 . . . . -by no means to \¥bite's
It is surprising that Bog- advantage, howeverl
olyubov does not adopt 5 . . . . P-QB4
Alekh.ine's attack (4 B-KtS, 6 Kt-Kt5 PXP
B-K2; S P-K5, KKt--Q2; 6 The mopIest. Black', at.
P-KR4), with which he has tack on the hostile center
[97J
outweighs mite's would- 15 BXKt PXB
be attack. 16 KtXP P-QB4
7 Kf-KB3 •..• The four Black Pawns
Not 7 Kt-Q6 ch, BXKt; now constitute a compact
8 QxKtP? BxP. and powerful center. the
7 . . . . Kt-QB3
Rooks have open files on
8 Kt-Q6 ch BxKt which to operate, and the
9 QxKtP BXPI
ICing is well posted for the
ending-all a consequence of
In conjunction with the mite's faulty strategy in em·
next move, this is the most barking on an attack with·
effective way of ending out sufficient means.
White's demonstration. Reti's play from this point
10 KtXB Q-83 on is as delightful as it is
Once the Queens are off, convincing.
Black's advantage soon be- 17 Kt-K2 K-B2
comes quite marked. 18 P-KB3 Kt-Q3
11 QxQ KtXQ 19 P-QKt3 . . . .
12 B-QKt5 •..• B-Q2 would be useless
Fortunately Bogolyubov because of ... Kt-B5 and
can still manage to regain the Bishop must return
his Pawn. home.
12 . • . . B-Q2 19 . . . . P-K.4
13 Kt-B3 Kt-K5! 20 B-R3 •••.
Well-played. Reb is now This exerts a certain
able to build up a formid- amount of pressure on
able, center. Black's center. but Reti soon
14 0-0 P-B3 finds a way to break through.
Compelling White to carry 20 . . . • QR-Qe
out the following exchange. 21 QR-Q '-QS
else ... P-K4 would retain 22 Kt-8 •.•.
the QF permanently. During the last few moves
[98)
White's prospects seem to After 26 P-B3, Kt-B7
have improved somewhat, would likewise be dt'.cisive.
and the threat of Kt-Q3 26 • • . • Kt-Q8
seems very troublesome. Zl R-B Kt-B6
22 • . • • Kt-B4 28 R(K2)-B2 Kt-Kt8!
This gains the necessary
It does one's heart good
time for ... P-B5.
to watch the peculiar wan-
23 R-82 Kt-K6 derings of this Kt.
"'To have a Knight planted
Porition after BJodc', 28th move.
in your game at KG is worse
than a rusty nail in your RETI
kneel"
24 R-K P-BSI
A tremendous move. If
now 25 PXP, RxP; 26 R(K)
-K2 and Black has so many
good moves that he would
be embarrassed for a con-
tinuationl-for example 26
. . . KR-QB winning a
Pawn, or else 26 ... B-B4; BOGOLYUBOV
Z7 Kt-Q3; BXKt; 28 PXB,
R-QKt! 29 B-Kt2 (29 Rx 29 B-Kt2 P-B6
Kt, PXR), RxBI 30 RXK~ 30 Kt-Kt3
PxR or 30 . . . R-BS ch, There is nothing else left;
and wins. 30 B-R(I), Kt--Q7; 31 R-
25 P-QKt4 .... K, BxP would be quite
Not very pleasing aesthet- hopeless.
ically, but White must keep 30 • . . • 8XKt
the B £Ie closed at all costs. 31 RPxB ..•.
25 . . • . B-RS Again forced, for if 31 BP
26 R(K)-K2 .... XB, P-B7 followed by ...
[99)
P-Q6, or else 31 RxKt, Bx Drivirig back White's King
RP; 32 R-R, PXB, etc. in order to allow the inroad
31 . . . • Kt-Q7 of his own King.
32 R-K KR-Q
41 K-Q2 K-Q5
33 B-B P-Q6!
42 P-R4 • • • •
A "finisher!"
34 PXP After 42 RxP, RxR ch;
Or 34 BxKt, PXB; 35 R 4S KxR, K-K6; 44 K-B3,
xP, PXP; 36 RXR, RxR, K-B7 Black would win
etc. easily.
34 . . . . RxP 42 . • • • R-Q6 chi
35 BxKt RxBI
36 R-R K-K3 Putting an end to all re-
87 K-B RxR ch sistance; if 43 KXP, R-B6
Destroying White's last ch; 44 K-Q2, RxR; 45 Kx
hope--38 RxR, PXR; 89 R- R, K-B6 and the QRP will
Q, R-B8; 40 K-K2. Queen. Or 43 K-K2, K-B6
followed by . . . R-Q and
38 KxR P-B7
... K-Kt7, etc. Therefore:
39 R-QB K-Q4
40 K-K3 R-B6 ch 43 Resigns

29. The Feint Attack

Bogolyubov deservedly has the reputation of being
one of the greatest attacking players of all time, but he
is likewise a brilliant strategist. One of his favorite de-
vices, as Reti notes, "is his method of employing an
attack on one wing as a preparation for effecting a de-
cision on the other:'
In the present game this is well brought out by the
sudden shift after White's 28th move.
[100]
 MlHRUCH-OSTIAU. 1923

• Indian Defeme
WHITE BLACK: 11 . . . . KI-83
12 B-K3 Q-B
E. D. Bcgol- A. Selesniev 13 K-R2 KtxKf
yubov
1 p-Q4 Kt-KB3
14 BxKt 8-83
15 R-BI • • • •
2 P-QB.l P-Q3
3 Kt-KB3 QKt-Q2 Preparing for the sub~
4 Kt-B3 P-KKI3 quent Kt-Q5 and P-BS.
5 P-K4 B-Kt2 15 . . . . Kt-R4
6 P_KKt3 .... This leads to an irrepara-
The fianchetto develop- ble weakening of his black
ment of the KB is quite squares. Tartakover sug-
effective, as the subsequent gests ... R-K.
course of the game shows. 16 BxB KtxB
6 . . . . 0-0 17 P-B4 P-B4
7 B-Kt2 P-K4 Black has no good move;
80-0 pxp if for example 17 ... Q-Q2.;
9 KtxP KI-K4 18 Kt-Q5, P-BS (the cap-
Black seems to have a fair ture of the Knight is fol-
position, but the fatal weak- lowed by 19 BPxB with
ness of his game lies in the three important advantages
fact that his pieces have in- for White: (1) pressure on
sufficient scope-hence be the backwaro BP; (2) a
cannot fonnulate any ade- strong center; (3) a power-
quate plan. ful Bishop against a poorly
10 P-Kt3 B-Q2 placed Knight); 19 Q-Q4,
11 P-KR3 ...• Q-B2; 20 Q-B3! QR-K; 21
The usual move to guard P-K5! QPxP; 22 PxP and
against ... Q-B as well as wins.
... Kt-Kt5. 18 Kt-Q51 .
, ,
[101]
 Simple and decisive. -BI Q-Q2; 27 B-B4, BxKt.
18 . . • • R-B2
(forced)j 28 QxB ch, K·-
Kt2; 29 K-Kt3 wins.
The alternatives are:
I. 18 ... BxKI; 19 QxB 19 .. " QPxP
ch, K-R; 20 PxP winning 20 P-K5! • • • •

a Pawn. Threatening 21 Kt-B6 ch

II. 18 . . . Q-Q; 19 P- followed by BxB, leaving
K5 with advantage. Black's Q side Pawns in Ii
Position after Bl(l{:k's 18111 mow. hopeless state.
SELESNIEV 20 . . • • BxKt
21 BxB Kt-K3
22 R-KB2!! ... ,
Bogolyubov takes advan·
tage of the enemy's tempo-
rary Zugzwang to seize com-
mand of the all-important Q
file.
22 " " P-B3
BOGOLYUBOV Black should have avoided
this weakening move, which
19p-B5! " .. allows White to plant a
Very finely played! The Rook at Q6.
effects of this move are soon 22 ... R-Kt would have
apparent. If now 19 . , . Q- been better.
K3; 20 PXQP, PXQP; 21 P 23 BxKt QXB
XP, KlxP; 22 R-K, Q-Q2; 24 R-Q21 R-K
23 P-KI4, KI-R5; 24 R-K7,
Q-Q (nol 24 , , . RxR; 25 But not 24 ... P-Kt3; 25
Kt-B6 ch, K-B2; 26 KtxQ, R-Q6, Q-B; 26 Q-B3, R-
KtxBj 27 RxB, Kt-K6j 28 B2; 27 QR-Q and White
QXP); 25 RXR, KxR; 26 B must win.
[102]
 25 RXP R(B2)-K2 RPxP; 33 P-R5!! KxP; 34
26 R-B4 Q-B K-Kt3! and wins.
27 R(B4)-Q4 Q-B2 29 P-KKt41 PXP
28 P_KR41 ....
Black must capture, else
And ouly at this point does
follows 30 PxP, Pxp and his
Bogolyubov turn his atten-
KBP is untenable while his
tion to the King-side.
King would be too exposed.
Position after White's 28th f7Wve.
30 QXP K-R
SELESNIEV 31 P-R51
The logical sequel to
White's previous play: he
forces two powerful passed
Pawns which must win with-
out difficulty.
31. . . . R-B2
32 PXP PXP
33 R-Q7J • • • •

BOGOLYUBOV Naturally he avoids 33 Q

28 • • • • K-Kt2 xP? R-R2 ch; 34 K-Kt, R
-Kt2.
Should Black play the ob-
vious 28 ... P-KR4, the con- 33 . . . . Q-R4
tinuation would be 29 R-
A forlorn hope.
Q6! K-R2 (not 29 ... R-
K3; 30 RxR, RxR; 31 R- 34 QxPl • •
Q8 ch winning the Q); 30
The quickest
R-B6! R-KKt; 31 R(Q2)-
Q6, Q-Kt3; 32 RxKtPl Q- 34 . . . . QxR ch
B7 ch; 33 K-R3. Or 31 ... 35 RXQ R-R2 ch
K-RS; P-KKt4! (32 RxBP 36 QXR ch KxQ
would likewise win quickly), 87 K-Kt3 Resigns
(lOS]
 For after 37 ... K-Kt3; White brought about the
88 R-Q7, K-B4; 89 K-BS harmonious coOperation of
Black has no adequate reply. his pieces is notable for its
The manner in which simplicity.

30. Another Immortal Game

'The immortal Zugzwang game" is the title Dr. Tar-
takover gives to this gem. This beautiful game is not-
able for having what is perhaps the most «quiet" win-
ning move known.

COPENHAGEN, 1923

Indian Defense
WHITE BLACK 6 Kt-B3 0-0
F. 56misch A. Nimzovich 70-0 P-Q4
1 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 8 Kt-K5
2 P-QB4 P-K3 Unmasking the Bishop
3 Kt-KB3 P-QKt3 along the diagonal.
4 P-KKt3 B-Kt2 8 . . . . P-83
5 B-Kt2 B-K2 9 PXP BPxP
Usually 5 ... B-Kt5 ch is 10 B-B4 P-QR3!
played at this point in order A seemingly harmless
to simplify the position. The move which is often found
text-move leads as a rule to in Nimzovich's games. The
a difficult maneuvering type idea behind it is to continue
of game in which Nimzo- with 11 p. QKt4 fol·
vich feels very much at lowed by Kt-B3-QR4
hamel -BS, a strong post from
[1041
which the Knight exerts 17 Q-Q
pressure on White's Queen·
Threatening 18 P-K4.
side and from which he
could be dislodged only by 17 . . . . P-Kt5
a weakening Pawn move. 18 Kt-Kt B-QKt4

11 R-B P-QKt4 Still preventing P~K4.

12 Q-K13 Kt-B3
19 R-Kt B--Q31l
Continuing his plan. A £nely calculated move
13 KtXKt BxKt which allows White to
Has the plan miscarried? achieve his purpose. The
No, for in exchanging pieces, sequel shows the depth and
White bad to give up his beauty of Nimzovich's plan.
own strongly posted Knight. 20 P-K4 BPxP!
14 P-KR3 Q-Q2 21 QxKt RxP
15 K-R2 ,a-u! 22 Q-Kt5 QR-KB
16 B-Q2 P-8" In return for his piece
Another excellent ideal Black has two Pawns, and
With his 15th move Black what is more important, a
tlueatened to exchange his stranglehold on White's
Knight for the Bishop, game.
forced it to retreat, and
23 K-R • • • •
gained time thereby for his
BP to advance. This Pawn To release his Bishop, as
now prevents P-K4 and pre· Black threatened ... QR-
pares . . . Kt-B3-K5 with B6.
a powerful outpost.
24 . . . . QR-B4
To parry this positional
24 Q-K3 B--Q61
threat White attempts to
force P-K4, by which he Taking squares away
would gain a measure of from the Queen. The threat
freedom. now is 25 ... R-K7.
[lOS]
 25 QR._K P-R31l
A remarkable winning NIMZOVICH
move. White, with nearly all
his pieces on the board, has
no move! The proof is sim-
ple.
I. 2iJ QB-B, BxKt
II. 2iJ R-Q, R-K7.
Ill. 2iJ KB-B, QR-B6
(25 . . . P-R3!! took away
the Bight square Kt5).
IV. 26 K-R2, QR-B6.
SAMISCH
V. 26 P-Kt4, QR-B6; 27
BxR, R-R7 mate. White resigned.

31. The Defensive Powers of the Knight

The brilliant attacking possibilities open to the
Knight have been exemplified innumerable times in
actual play and in analysis. Relatively rare, however.
are those instances where the Knight fulfills a purely
defensive function. In the present game, for example,
White's Knight occupies a seemingly modest post for
25 moves, and yet as a result Black's attempted COWl-
ter-play is simply paralyzed. With his Queen-side fully
secure, White is able to concentrate all his attention on
the King-side. Thus his powerful attack is really made
possible by the conservative position of the Knight at
Ql. Many an attack fails because of the lack of such a
sturdy hulwark.

[106J
 UIISJI, 1923

Queen's Gambit Declined

WRITE BLAC~ . . . PxP now or on the

P. Johner Or.S. Tarrasch previous move is customary,
but that would mean relin-
I p-Q..( P-<;l4
quishing the center-an al-
2 P_QB.4 P-K3
ternative running counter to
3 Kt-QB3 Kt-KB3
Tanasch's emphatically ex-
4 B-Kt5 QKt-Q2
pressed principles.
5 P-K3 P-B3
6 K1-B3 Q-R4 12 P-QR3 B-KB

The Cambridge Springs 12 ... BxKt would have

Defense is an unusual line been better, but Black is de-
of play for the Doctor, but luded by the advantage of
constant improvements in two Bishops.
White's play against his fa-
18 P-B51 • • • •
vorite defense (3 . . . P-
B4) had perhaps shaken A "win or lose" move. The
Tarrasch's confidence in its result usually depends on
trustworthiness. the possibility of Black's
breaking up the Pawns by
1 Kt-Q2 B-Kt5 •.. P-K4 or . . . P-QKt3
B Q-B2 0-0 and ... P-QR4.
9 BXKt • • • •
13. • .. Q-B2
Many an amateur has
played 9 B-Q3, only to lose Black of course must try
a piece after 9 . . . PxP. for ... P-K4. The text also
prepares for . . . P-QKt3.
9 . . . . KtxB not immediately playable
10 B--Q3 R-<;l because of 14 P-QKt4 win·
11 0-0 B-Q2 ning the Queen.
[l07]
 14 P-B4 P-KKt3 19 . . . . PXP
20 KtxP Q-Q2
This weakening move is
21 K-R2 Kt-B4
necessary for the execution 22 R-KKt B-Kt2
of Black's plan. Tarrasch
23 Kt-QII ..••
intends to advance in the
center by means of ... p- A beautiful move. This
BS and . . . P-K4. To do Knight. which Black previ-
dUs he must move the ously disdained capturing,
Knight, which in turn neces- is now admirably posted, as
sitates the advance of the he automatically protects
KKtP. All very cumbersome, the only two possibly vul·
but Black has nothing bet- nerable points in White's
ler. position, K3 and QKt2; so
that Black's counter-attack
1S Kt-83 Kt-Kt5 is doomed to failure.
16 QR-K 8-K
23 . . . . P-Kt3
The immediate ... P-B3 24 P-Kt4 PXP
would be premature as the 25 KtPXP QR-Kt
KtP would be too much 26 B-R61 • • • •
weakened thereby.
In order to stop ..• Q_
17 P-R3 Kt-R3 Kt2 for the time being.
18 P-KKt4 P-B3 26 • • . . P-R3
19 P-Kt5! • • • •
A weakening move which
A first·rate move which soon gets Black in great dif·
crosses Black's plan. The BP ficulties, but Tarrasch's de-
disappears and ... P-K4 is sire to free his game is
prevented for good. At the understandable.
same time Johner secures an 27 Kt-KB3 Q--Q82
important base for future 28 R-Kt2 Q-R4
operations in the opening of 29 Q-K2 R-Kt6
the Xt file. 30 8-Q3 QxRP
[l08J
 Bl~ck begins to see some 32 Kt-R4 R(Q)-K.
hope. Should he be able to
survive the attack on the Passive defense would not
King-side, the QRP would do. For instance, if 32 . . .
probably win for him. K-R2; 33 R(K)-Kt and the
KBP and the KKtP are both
31 8xKtI .•••
threatened.
Position afteT Whit.', SIn 1nOtltt.
DR. TARRASCH 33 R(KJ-Kt R(Kt6J-Kt2
34 K-RI • • • •

Now 35 KtxKtP is a very

strong threat The Pawn
could not have been cap-
tured on the previous move
because of ... R-Kt7, win~
ning the Queen.

84 . . . . R-K2
JOllNER
35 KtxKtP BxKt
36 RXB K-B
31 . KPxB
31 .•. KtPxB would lose A vain attempt to escape
quickly by 32 Rx B ch, KxR; the coming attack.
33 Q-Kt2 ch, K-B (best);
34 R-Kt, R-Q2 (34 ... K- :n Q-QB2! • • • •

K2; 35 Q-Xt7 ch, B-B2; S6 The beginning of a beau-

Kt-KS, R-KB; :r; Kt-Kt6 tiful maneuver which culmi-
ch); 35 Kt-K5 (threatening nates in his 41st move.
36 Q-KtB ch, K-K2; :r; Kt
xp ch, K-83; 88 Q-B8 ch, :r; . . . . R-KB2
Il-B2; 39 Q-R8 mate), ~ 38 Q-KKI21 R(KI}-Kt2
R3; S6 Q-Kt8 ch, K-K2; :r; 39 RxBP R(KI2)-Q2
R-Kt7 ch, K-83; 88 Q-B8 4() R-B8 ch K-K2
ch followed by R-Kt6 mate. 41 QxBl • • • •
[1091
 A fitting climax to White's Not ... K-K3; 44 R(B8)
fine play. -B7.
41 . . . . RXQ
44 R-86 ch K-R4
42 Rx R ch K-B3
45 R-KR7 K-RS
Evidently forced. 46 R-KKt6 P-KR4
43 RXR K-Kt3 47 R-K'S Resigns

32. Logic in Chess

The following game enchants the reader with its
grandly conceived strategical plans and the lucidity
and cogency with which they are executed. It was char-
acteristic of Torre's unaffected modesty and rigorous
seH-criticism that he called his fine 27th move bad.
because it was not sufficiently consistent with the fore-
going play-as, for example, 27 ... R-B6 would have
been.
METROPOLITAN HAOUE MATCH

New York, '925

Indian Defense
WHITE BLACK 4 . . • • P-Q4!
5 PXP KtXP
A. Kupchik C. Torre
1 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 6 B-Kt2 KtxKt
2 P-QB.4 P-KKt3 1 PXKt P---QB41
3 Kt-QB3 B-Kt2 With the foregoing ex-
4 P-KKt3 chaoge Black has obtained
The best continuation for the initiative and maintains
White is 4 P-K4 followed it to the end. White's posi-
by 5 P-B3 0' P-KX13. tion is purely passive and
[110J
does not allow him any sure on White's center
worth-while counter-play. Pawns, and the concomitant
S Kt-B3 Kt-53 control of the white squares.
9 B-Kt2 .... 12 P-QR3 .•••
A pitiable square for a Thus Black has forced a
seff-respecting Bishop! More new weakness on QKt6.
usual is 9 P-K3, 0-0; 10 12 . . . . 0-0
0-0. Q-R4 with good 130-0 B-Q4J
chances for Black.
9 . . . . Q-Kt3
In order to force the ex-
change of the KB (White's
Black decides to play for only well-posted. piece) after
the ending, where his su- which the white squares be-
perior position must eventu- come irretrievably weak and
ally tell. furnish excellent posts for the
10 Q-Kt3 ..•• inroad of the Black pieces.
White has no choice, QIl 14 KR-Q KR--<;l
-Xt being refuted by . . . 15 P-K3 Kt-R4!
8-84. 16 Kt-Q2 BxB
10 . . . B-K31 17 KxB P-K41
Forcing the exchange of This move increases the
Queens in thc most advan- power of Black's Bishop and
tageous manner. practically forces the open-
11 QXQ .... ing of the Q file.

11 P-Q5. QXQ " of 18 PXBP .•.

course out of the question. Or 18 Kt-Ba, Kt-B5; 19
11 . . . . PxQ QR-Kt, R-Q3 and White's
Now Black has a number pdsition is untenable.
of well-defined advantages: 18 . • • • PXP
his command of the Q and 19 K-B P-B4
QR files. m, powenul pres- 2Q P--<;lB4 _• • .
[1I1J
 This gives the Bishop a ily, for example, 29 QR-B,
measure of freedom, but R-R6; 30 R-QR, RxKt ch;
now the Knight is tied down 31 KxR, Kt-Kt6 ch; 32 K-
to the defense of the BP. B2, KtxR ch; 33 K-Kt2, R
20 . . . • R-Q61 xRP, etc.
See the note to Black's 24 " .. K-B3
13th move. 25 K-K K-K3
QR-Q! 26 K-K2 R(Q)-Q3
21 K-K2
27 K-K
Threatening 22 ... RxKt
ch; 23 RxR, RxR ch; 24 K After 27 P-QR4, R-B6
xR, Ktx P ch; 25 K-B2, Kt would suffice for victory.
xB; 26 KxKt, P-K5 dis ch
Positiotl after White's 27th mo;;e.
with a winning Pawn end~
ing. TORRE
22 QR-Kt P-K5!
At the right moment-now
White's Bishop is exchanged
and his Queen-side is still
further weakened.
23 BxB KXB
24 R-QR • • • •

24 R-Kt5 is answered by
... KtxP; 25 RxP ch, K- KUPCHIK
B3; 26 KtxKt, RxR fol~
lowed by ... R-QB8 win~ 27 , .. , P-QKt4!
ning without difficulty. Crowning his splendid
0, if 24 P-QR4, P-Kt3! play with a decisive Pawn
25 K-K (25 RxP? RxKt sacrifice.
ch), R(Q)-Q3; 26 R-R,
28 PXP P-QB5
K-B3; 27 P-R4, K-K4; 28
K-K2, R-B6 winning eas~ The advance of this pow-
[112]
erful passed Pawn com- 36 KtXBP K-R'
pletely disorganizes White's 87 Kt-Kt3 Kt-Q7
game. 88 K-Q • • • •
29 Kt-B P-B6 Losing quickly, but if 38
30 QR~B • • • • K-K2 (threatening KtxP),
To forestall . . . Kt-Kt6, K-Kt6; 39 R-B, R-Q win-
which would win outright. ning very quickly, or 38 Rx
P (hoping for 38 ... RxR:
30 . . . . Kt-Kt6
39 KxKt, etc.), Kt~B6 ch
31 RxR RxR
winning a Rook.
32 R-B2 K-Q4
38 . . .. Kt-BB dis ch
Everyone of Black's pieces 39 K-B KtXKt
does its share! 40 RPXKt KxP
33 P-Kt4
41 R-K2 K-Kt6
• • • •
White resigns, for after 42
A desperate attempt to R-B2 Black plays ... R-QS,
obtain some freedom by Kt 43 R-K2, R-QR3; 44 K-Kt,
-Kt3. White has no defense
R-R3; 45 R-K (R-B2, R-
against the invasion of the
RS ch), P-B7 ch; 46 K-B,
Black King. K-B6,
33 . . . . K-B5 0" if 42 R-K, P-B7; 43
34 pXP PXP R-R, K-B6, 44 R-K, R-
35 Kt-Kt3 KxP Q3 wins.

[113]
 33. Positional Play
III his younger years, Alekhine's reputation was based
on his aggressive style and beautiful combinative play.
Subsequently he has frequently had the opportunity
of demonstrating his equally great virtuosity in the
handling of complex positional struggles, as well as his
thorough mastery of strategical maneuvering.
• ADEN·IADEN. 1925

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK 7 . . . . BXl(t ch
Or. A. Alek- The retreat to K2 would
E. Colle
hine simply be loss of time; Black
1 P-O.4 P-04 is following Tchigorin's idea
2 P-QB4 Kt-QB3 of exchanging Bishops for
3 1<'-K83 B-Kt5 Knights.
4 Q-R4! ...•
8 PxB Kt-K2
Better than 4 PXP. BxKt;
9 R-QKt R--QKt
5 KtPxB. QXP; 6 P-K3. P
-K4! or 4 P-K3, P-K4; 5 10 B-Q3 PXP
Q-Kt3, BXK'; 6 PXB. KPx Giving up the center in
P; 7 BPxP, Kt-K4; 8 PxP, order to obtain a good square
Kt-Q2, 9 Kt-B3 with a com· for his KKt-for the time
plicated game (Steinitz- being.
Tchigorin i\btch, 1889).
4 . . . . BxKt 11 BxBP 0-0
5 KPxB P-K3 120-0 Kt-Q4
13 Q-B2 Kt(B3}-K2
6 Kt-83 8-K'5
7 P-QR3! •... 14 B-Q3 P-KR3

Forcing Black to declare This weakens Black's

his intentions. Pawn structure somewhat;
[1l4]
after ... Kt-KKt3 Alekhine
intended P-Kt3 followed by
the advance of the KBP.
15 p_QB-4 Kt-QKt3
Now both of Black's
Knights are poorly placed
and he must guard against
the subsequent advance of
the QP or the QBP. Alek-
hine prepares for this even·
tuality in very skillful fash-
ion.
16 R-Q Kt(K13)-B
17 P-B4 P-QKt3
18 B-Kt2 • • • •
The placing of the Bishop
on this diagonal creates nu-
merous tactical threats. as
will soon become clear.
18 . . . . P-QB3
Taking precautions against
the advance of the QP (I8
... Kt-Q3; 19 P-Q5!).
19 Q-K2! Kt-Q3
20 Q-K5 Kt-K
Black must guard his KtP
against the threat of 21 P-
Q5.
20 ... Kt(K2)-B4 would
[115]
not serve the purpose be·
cause of 21 BXKt, KtXB
(21 . . . PXB; 22 P-BS);
22 P-Q5, BPxP; 23 P-Kt4
and wins.
21 P-QR41 • • • •
Else Black can play ... P
-QKt4, permanently block-
ing the QP subsequently IT'
... Kt-Q4.
21 . . . . R-Kt2
22 R-K Kt-B3
23 R(Kt}-Q R-Q2
24 8-B21 • • • •
Preventing ... P-B4.
24 . • P-R3
Black is still intent on
playing . . . P-QKt4. but
here Lasker rightly points
out the superior continua-
tion of 24 ... Q-B2; 25 Q
-K2, KR-Q whereupon 26
P-Q5 would still be prema-
tille.
25 Q-K2!
Not only preventing.
P-QKt4. but taking advao.
tage of the weakness created
by Black's 14th move by
threatening P-Kt4-5 and
also preparing P-Q5.
 25 • • • • Q-Kt KP, KR-Q; 33 P-KBS, P-
Black is so intent on ad· KKt4; 34 Q-R5 etc.
vancing the QKtP that he 31 P-KB5! .••.
overlooks the hostile threat.
Disrupting the enemy's K
Lasker suggests ... R-K as
side Pawn position.
yielding a better defense.
31 . • . . KtxP
Porili(m ofter Black'6 25th rnotIf:'.
Not 31 ... P-K4; 32 Q-
COLLE
R4, K-Kt2; 33 R-Q3 with
fatal results for Black. Or
else 31 ... PXP; 32 BxP.
R-Kt; 33 Q-R4 and Whit.
wins even more quickly.
32 BxKt PXB
33 QxP Q--Q
34 pxp • • • •

How is White's evident

DR. ALEK:HINE superiority to be translated
into victory?
26 P-Q5!1 BPxP
34 . . . • R--Q3
After 26 ... QXP; 27 Px
Black's Rook is chained to
KP. RxR; 28 RxR White's
this square in order to pro-
game is distinctly superior.
tect the weak Pawns and to
27 BXKt PxB blockade the QP; the Black
28 Q-Kt4 ch K-R Queen is similarly tied up.
29 Q-R4 K-Kt2 Alekhine cleverly utilizes
30 Q-Kt4 ch K-R this circumstance by
Forced, tor if 30 ... Kt- 35 Q-B41 K-R2
Kt3; 31 BxKt (not 31 p- 36 Q-K4 ch K-R
Kll5, Q-BSl, PXB; 32 Rx :IT Q-K3 K-Kt2
[116]
 He cannot play [J1 ••• K cannot move because of tho
R2; 38 Q-Q3 ch nor :If . . . double duty of protecting
P_B4; 38 Q-Q3, losing a the R and the BP, the Book
Pawn in either event. cannot move because of p-
P-QR4 Qa, the King is likewise tied
38 Q-Q31
up (49 ... K-Kt3? 50 R-
Herein is revealed the idea Kt3 ch, K-R4; 51 Q-K2 ch
underlying the foregoing and mate follows).
Queen maneuver. The QRP
5() Q-Q4 Q-Q
must advance (38 ... Q-B
or . . . Q-R being refuted 50 . . . P-Kt4 is equally
by 39 Q-KtS ch). But now hopeless: 51 PxP, QXP; 52
Black has been deprived of R-QB3. QXP (0,52 ... Rx
the last vestige of counter- P; 53 QxP, R-Q8 ch; 54 K
piay-the possibility of ad- -R2. Q-Kt ch; 55 R-Kt3);
vancing the QKtP. 53 R-B7 ch K-Kt3; 54 Q-
39 R-K3 R-Kt R7 with a winning attack.
40 R-R3 Q-Q2 51 Q-QB4 Q-Q2
41 Q-K3 P-84 52 R-Q4 K-Kt2
42 R-Kt3 ch K-R2 53 Q-Q3 K-82
43 RxR KxR S4 P-Kt41 K-B
44 Q-Kt3 ch K-R2
45 Q-Kt3 K-Kt2 The Pawn could not be
46 P-R3 Q-Q saved, for if 54 ... PXP; 55
Black must wait until Q-R7 ch. K-B; 56 Q-R8
something happens-to him. ch. K-B2; 57 RxP.
47 Q-Kt3 ch K-R2 S5 pxp Q-K
48 Q-K5! Q-Q2 58 R-K4 Q-R4
49 R-Q3 P-B3 57 R-KKt4 Q-82
58 Q-K3 Q-KR2
The advance of this Pawn
IS now unavoidable, as Black: Unfortunately he cannot
is in Zugzwang-the Queen remove the annoying QP,
[117]
for example 58 ... QXP; 59
QXP ch, K-K; 60 Q-R8 ch,
K-Q2; 61 R-Kt7 ch, K-B3;
62 Q-B8 mate. Or 58 ...
RXP; 59 QXP eh, K-K; 6Q
Q-R8 ch, Q-B; 61 R-Kt8
etc.
59 R-Kt6
After 59 ... K-B2; 60 Q
-QB3 would be decisive,
e.g. 60 ... K-K; 61 Q-BS
ch, K-K2 (0' 61 ... R-Q;
62 Q-K6 ell winning the
Queen); 62 Q-B7 ch, R--Q2;
63 P-Q6 ch, K-K; 64 Q-
BS ch, R--Q; 65 Q-K6 ch,
K-B; 66 RxP ell etc.

34. Accepting the Queen's Gambit

Although this defense (as well as the variations of
the Queen's Gambit Declined, which lead into it by
transposition) is generally held in low repute, it is
worth noting that some of the greatest masters-
Steinitz, Janowski, Schlechter, Tartakover, Rubinstein,
and Griinfeld, to name but a few-have had a marked
predilection for accepting the gambit.
IADIEN.IADIEN. 1925
Queen's Gambit Declined
WHITE BLACI: stage is the Meran Variation
E. O. Bogol. (7 ... P-QKt4, etc.).
E. GrUnfeld
yubov 80-0 B-K2
1 P-Q' Kt-KB3 9 Q-K2 ..•.
2 P-QB4 P-B3 The game has now trans-
:3 Kt-KB3 P-Q.4 posed into the Queen's Gam-
4 P-K3 P-K3 bit Accepted-a defense
5 Kt-83 QKt-Q2 which is a great iavorite
6 B-Q3 PXP with Griinfeid.
7 BxBP P-B4
9 . . . • 0-<:>
More customary at this 10 R-Q
(lIS}
 The simplest-and strong- attacking chances will be nil.
est-move is 10 pxP! fol- The text-move presages the-
lowed by P-K4. development of the QR via
10 . . . • P-QR3 R3.
11 P_QR4 ...• 15 . . . . P-QKt3
With this move White 16 P-Kt4 • • • •

commits himself to a King- Without this move

side attack, for else he has White's attack would be at
no compensation for the hole a standstil~ but a new
at Kt4 and the isolated QP weakness (along the long
which he now obtains. The diagonal) is thereby created.
plausible continuation 11 P 16 . . . . B-Kt2
xP, BxP; 12 P-K4 is met 17 P-Kt5 ••••
by ... Kt-Kt5.
Hoping for 17 ... KKt-
11 . . . . PXP Q4, 18 Q-R5, P-Kt3, 19 Kl
12 pxp ••.• xKtP, BPXKt; 20 BxP, PX
Opening the diagonal of B; 21 QXP ch followed by
the QB and obtaining a R-R3-'"but," says Nimzo-
strong outpost at K5. But vich, "a player like Criin-
Criinfeld, the defensive feld sees through such com-
genins par excellence, is able binations in half a secondl"
to repulse the attack, while
17 . . • . Kt-K!
keeping an eye on White's
18 Kt-K" R-B!
fatal weakness, the isolated
19 R-R3 P-Kt3!
PaWn.
White threatened 20 Kt-
12 . . . . Kt-Kt3
13 B-Q3 QKt-Q4
Q6, QXKt; 21 BxP ch, Kx
14 Kt-K5 Kt-QKtSI
B, 22 Q--R5 ch K-Kl; 23 R
15 B-Kt .•.. -R3.
This retreat is necessi- 20 R-KKt3 • • • •

tated by White's desire to White's attack has now as-

retain the Bishop, else his sumed a menacing aspect,
[119]
but Griinfeld is relying on a 24 RxR QxP ch
hidden resource. 25 K-B Kt-R4
20 . . . . Kt-Kt2
26 R-Kt4 Q-Q3
27 B--K4 BxB
21 Kt-86 chI BXKt
28 QxB KtxP
But not 21 ... K-R; 22 29 QxKt QXKt
R-R3, BXKt; 23 PxB, QX 30 R-Kt2 Kt-Q4!
P; 24 Q-Q2, Kt-Q4; 25 Q-
R6, Kt-R4; 26 RxKt. Black's advantage has be.
come more accentuated: 413
22 PxB Q-Q41
has two Pawns for the ex-
With this sudden counter- change, his Knight is power-
attack Griinfeld seizes the fully posted. nnd the hostile
initiative. Pawns (particularly the BP)
23 P-B3 are badly in need of protec-
• • • •
tion.
Position o/1er White',. 23rd mow.
31 R-K • • • •
cnUNFELD
Thus Black's last move
has gained control of the
open B file. The text-move,
however, was the only W8}'
to stop ... Kt-K6 ell.
31 . . • . Q-B3
32 Q-K.4 R-B!

From this point on Blaci

presses his advantage ad-
BOGOLYUBOV mirably.

23 . • . . RxBl1 33 R-Q2 P-QKt4!

This long foreseen reo Threatening ... R-B5.

wurce completely repulses 34 pXP pXP
the attack. 35 R-Q4 R-B41
[120]
 Very finely played: the 48 PxQ Kt-R5
Rook is to be brought to 49 R-QKt ....
bear on White's BP. Or 49 R-K3, P-KKt5; 50
86 K-Kt P-R.41 P-KB4, Kt-Kt3; 51 R-K4.
37 K-R K-R2 P-K4.
38 R-R K-Kt2 49 . . . . KtxP
39 R-K Kt-Kt31 50 K-Kt2 P-KKt5
40 R-KB R-B41 51 P-R3 R~B.4
41 Q_R.4 P-Kt.4! 52 PXP • • • •
Intensifying the pressure Desperation. On other
on the BP because of the moves Black simply plays
eventual threat of . . . P- ... P-B4, likewise winning
KKtS. easily.
42 Q-B2 52 . . . . Kt-Q7
53 PXP R-Kt4 eh!
Forced (42 Q-K4? R-
Forcing the King to the
B5).
Rook file.
42 . . . • Kt-Q.4
54 K-R3 RxP eh
43 R(Q4)-Q K-Kt3 55 K-Kt3 R-Kt4 eh
44 Q-K2 K-R3! 56 K~R4 KtXR(Kt8)
In order to make room for 57 RxKt R-QB.4
the Kt. 58 R-Kt3 P-B.4
45 R(Q)-K Kt-B5 59 K-Kt3 K-Kt4
46 Q-QB2 Kt-Kt3 60 K-B3 P-K.4
47 Q-B3 QxQ 61 Resigns

35. The Problemist as Tournament Player

David Przepiorka was long noted for his beautiful
problems and end-games. He was also a tournament
player of fonnidable powers, so that he often had the
opportunity over the board of utilizing the same in-
genuity that characterized his compositions.
[121]
 DEBRlCZIN, 1925

Zukertort Opening
WHITE BLACK weakening of the Queeb.~
D. Przepiorka l. Steiner side Pawns.
1 Kt-KB3 P-KKt3 9 Kt-B3 R-Kt
2 P-KKt3 B-Kt2 100-03 • • • •
3 B-Kt2 P-K4
The first of a series of well
Threatening ... P-K5 fol· thought out Queen moves.
lowed by ... P-Q4 and ... 10 . . . . P-QB4
P-KB4-an advance which
a confirmed hypermodern In order to bring the
like Nimzovich would doubt~ Knight to Q5.
less provokel 11 R-Kt Kt-B3
4 P-K4 Kt-K2 12 Kt-Q5 P-03
50-0 0-0 13 Q-R3 B~K3
14 Q-R61 Kt-Q5
Premature. In view of the
fact that Black has fianchet- Not of course 14 Q
toed the KB to exert pres- -Q2? 15 QXKt. But Kt
sure along the diagonal, he -K4 would have been bet~
should now play ... QKt- ter.
B3. 15 P-QB3 ••••
6 P-Q4! pxp Capturing the RP would
7 KtXP QKt-B3 be useless because of 15 ...
8 Ktx Kt KtPXKt BxKt; 16 PXB, R-R.
An enterprising move 15 . . . . Kt-Kt4
(Black hopes to be able to 16 B-Q2! ••••
concentrate on White's QKt2 Not directly 16 P-QR4,
by the concerted action of KtxPI (16 ... BxKt; 17 f
his Bishop and the QR on xB, KtxP; 18 R-R, R-Kt3;
the Kt file), which, how- 19 Q-Q3 and the Knight is
ever, induces a troublesome trapped); 17 KtxKt, Bx.Kt;
[122]
18 QXRP, B-Kt2 and Black 24 ... QXB; 25 8-K8 ch,
has a good game. B-B; 26 B-R6 (this last
But now 17 P-QR4 is a move would be impossible
very embarrassing move for if the Pawn were not on
Black to meet. 84).
16 . • . . BXK, 24 . • . . P-84
17 pxB R-Kt3 . .. Q-Kt4 would lose
18 Q-U P-QR3 outright by 25 P-R4.
Black has managed to res- 25 B-Kt5 Q-Kt-4
cue the Knight and the RP,
Relatively better would
but there are still plenty of
have been 25 ... Kt-B (in
troubles in store for him.
order to prevent R-K7); 26
19 KR-K Kt-R2 Q-K2 followed by P-KKt4
Tartakover writes, -Some and White has a strong at-
Knights don't leap; they tack.
limp,' When he played the text-
move, Steiner evidently over-
20 P-R41 Q-Kt
looked the grandly conceived
21 Q-B2 R-K
attack which now follows.
22 RXR ch QXR
23 R-K Q--<;l2 Pcmticn alteT Black': 25th move.
Control of the important STE[NER
K file cannot be wrested ~=-'-
from White. U 23 ... Q-Q;
24 Q-K4, R-Kt (24 ... 8
xP? 25 Q-KB ch and wm.);
25 B-R3 and White domi-
nates the board.
24 B-R31 ...
A pretty maneuver which
reveals the point of Przepi·
crka''$ 20th move, for if now PRZEPIORKA
[123)
 26 BxPI pxB done against R-K7, fol-
26 ... QXP would like- lowed by Q-B7 ch, for ex-
wise soon lead to mate: Z1 ample Z! ... B-B; 28 Q-
Q-K4, R-Kt; 28 Q-K6 cl>, K6 ck, K-R; 29 B-B6 ch, Jl..-
K-R (28 ... K-B; 29 B- Kt2; 3Q Q-K8 ch.
K7 ch etc.); 29 Q-K8 chi 27 • . . . R-Kt
RXQ; 3Q RxR ch, B-B; 31 28 R-K7 R-KB
B-B6 ch, K-Kt; 32 B-K6 29 RxB chi KxR
mate. 30 B-R6 chI KxB
27 QxP • • • • 31 Q-KtS mate
There IS nothing to be A magnificent finish.

36. "The Three Musketeers"

One of the most effective and frequently encountered
methods of conducting a King-side attack consists in
storming the hostile King's position by advancing the
Pawns on that wing. This enables the attacking player
to open up the lines leading to the enemy's King. A
classic instance of this theme is furnished by Dr. Vajda,
who carries through the assault in the present example
by means of advancing the KP, ICBP, and KKtP.
DEIRECZIN, 1925
Sicilian Defense
WHITE BLACK: The well-known Scheven-
Or. A. Vajda H. Kmoch ingen Variation, which has
1 P-K4 P-QB4 become one of the favorite
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-Q83 defensive weapons open to
3 P-Q4 pxp the second player.
4 KtxP Kt-B3 7 0-0 B-K2
5 Kt-QB3 P-Q3 8 B-K3 ....
6 B-K2 P-K3 In the classic example of
[124]
this variation (Mar6czy· The Queen is now admir·
Euwe, Scheveningen. 1923), ably placed for attack on
White played 8 K-R. which both wings.
turns out to be superfluous, 15 . . . . B-R
as far as the present encoun· 16 P-Kt5 Kt-K
teT is concerned. In order to be able to play
8 . . . . 0-0 .. P-Q4, which however
9 Q-Q2 P-QR3 only increases the fury of
10 P-QR4 • • • • White's attack. Better would
In order to prevent a sub· have been ... Kt-Q2-B.
sequent ... P-QKt4. 17 Kt-K2 ....
10 . . . . Q-B2 Intending to post a Knight
11 Kt-Kt3 P-QKt3 effectively on Q4.
12 P-B4 8-Kt2 17 . . . . Kt-Kt5
13 8-83 QR-Kt 18 Kt(K2)-Q4 P-Q4?
14 P-Kt41 ...•
Black is too dogmatic and
An excellent ideal White hence much too optimistic.
grasps the fact that Black's The circumstance that
counter·attack must be pur· White does not command
sued on the Queen·side. He his Q5 could have been util·
therefore permits his King ized by playing 18 . . . p.-
to be exposed. whilst caus- K4! and if 19 Kt-B5, B-B;
ing a breach in the adver~ 20 KR-B (2OP-B3, Kt-Q6;
sary's game by the march of 21 Q-Q2, Q-BS!), P-Q4!
the three united Pawns. or 19 PxP, PXP; 20 Kt-BS.
14 . . • • KR-Q B-B with a satisfactory
While White prepares a game.
devastating attack, his op- 19 P-KS Kt-QB3
ponent attempts to gain Whereas now Black is
ground in the center by ad· condemned to flounder help-
vancing his QP. lessly.
15 Q-B2 • • • • 20 B-K2 • • • •
[125]
 A valuable gain of time in ... p'xP; 24 Kt(Kt3)-Q4);
order to be able to play p- 24 PxP ch, K-B; 25 PxKt
BS. (Q) dbl. ch, KXQ; 26 Kt-
B7 chI QXKt; 27 B-Kt5 ch,
Position ofter White's 20th nwve.
B-B3; 28 KtxQP, etc.
KMOCH
21 KtXKt P-QR4
.til 11~.w. 22 P-B51 , ...
• ~ lUlU Position after White's 22nd move.
111~.1• •
• IUVSi VSi KMOCH

ftiII ~ VSi iII

iII~iII ~ iII
VSiftiIlJ... VSi
III iII iIlmm
VAJDA

20 . , , , KtxKt
Black has nothing better,
e.g.
1. 20 ... B-Kt2; 21 Ktx DR. VAJDA
Kt, QXKt; 22 Kt-Q4 (not
22 . . . . PXP
22 BxKtP? P-QS!), Q-B2;
23 P-B5 with continuations To his sorrow Black notes
analogous to the text. that he cannot play 22 ... Q
II. 20 . .. Q-B; 21 P-B5! xKP; 23 B-KB4, Q-K5; 24
(not 21 KtxKt, QXKt; 22 B-Q3 and the Queen is lost!
BxRP, P-Q51) KtxP; 22 P
23 QxP
xP, PxP; 23 B-KB4 and
WInS. Beginning the final phase
III. 20 ... P-QR4; 21 Kt of the attack, which is car-
-Kt5, Q-Kt2; 22 P-B5, Kt ried out by Vajda with finesse
XP; 23 PXP, P-Q5!? (23 as well as vigor,
[126]
 23 .•• , B-B4 Temporarily blocking the
23 . . . B-B; 24 Kt-K6 attack, for if 31 P-Kt6. Q-
would be rather expensive. Kt4 ch (but not 31 ... Kt-
B3; 32 RxKtI PxQ; 33 R-
24 P_K61 Kt-Q3 B8 mate or 32 ... PXR; 33
2S pxP ch QXP BxP ch, and mate next
26 Q-R3 Q-K2 move).
Zl B-Kt4 ...• If 31 R-B7, QxP chi 32
With the powerful threat QXQ, KtxQ; 33 BxP ch,
o! 28 B-K6 ch, K-R; 29 P- K-Kt and White cannot
K16, P-R3; 30 BxRP, BxlCt profit from the disCQvered
ch; 31 B-K3 dis ch and mate check.
next move.
31 R-B5 R-Kt2
Zl . . .. BxKt
31 . . . R-KB would not
Tartakover suggests Z1
help because of 32 QR-KB•
. . . R-KB; 28 B-K6 ch, Kt
RXR; 33 RXR, R-KB; 34
-B2 as a better defense.
QxKtP chi QXQ; 35 RxR
28 B-1(6 ch K-R
mate.
29 BXB R-K
30 Q-R6! •... 32 P-Kt6 Kt-B3
33 RXKtI PXR
An elegant move which
threatens P-Kt6 as well as Clearly jf 33 ... PXQ; 34
R-B7. R-B8 mate.
30 • • •• Kt-K5 34 B-B7 Resigns

37. The Semmering Tournament

Rudolph Spielmann. together with Morphy, Marshall.
Tschigorin. and Alekhine. ranks as one of the greatest
natural attacking players of all time. In addition. few
masters were as modest. sportsmanlike and pleasant-
mannered as Spielmann. In the great Semmering
[1271
Tournament he achieved one of the most notable tri~
umphs of modem tournament play against a fonnidable
field. That Spielmann's victory was no fluke is attested
to by his attractive games against Vidmar, Tartakover.
Nimzovich and Griinfeld-whom he defeated among
others in this tournament.
SIMMERING. 1926

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACJo: An aggressive move, more
Dr. S. Tarta- R. Spielmann in accordance with Spiel-
kover mann's style than passive
1 Kt-KB3 P-Q4 continuations like 12 B
2 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 Kt2; 13 P-B4 or 12 B-
3 P-B4 P-K3 Kt2; 13 KtxKt, QXKt; 14 P
4 B-KtS QKt-Q2 xP. PXP, etc.
5 P-K3 P-B3 13 PxKt Kt-KtS
6 QKt-Q2 14 B-Kt3 P-B3!
Capablanca's move, intro- Freeing his game at one
duced to avoid the Cam- stroke and obtaining an
bridge Springs Defense. open position, such as Black
6 . . . . P-KR3 rarely gets in this opening.
7 8-R4 B-K2 15 PXP BxP
8 B-Q3 0--0 16 P-KR3 Kt-K4
90-0 P-B4! 17 8-K2 8-84
This move equalizes. 18 Kt-B3 KtXKt ch
White's Knight at Q2 is by no 19 8xKt BxKtP
means so effective as at his Obtaining the famous ma-
usual post (QB3 ). jority of Pawns on the
10 R-B P---QKt3 Queen's wing, but Tarta-
11 BPxP KPxP kover gets a passed KP which
12 Kt-KS KtxKt is destined to give Black
[128]
considerable trouble. The VVhite has given op the
following phase demands exchange, but the passed
careful play on Black's part, KP is a fearful weapon.
characterized by Spielmann's 33 . . . • R-B8!
well-known ability to skate
on thin ice. Spielmann decides to give
up his Queen in order to rid
20 BXP ch K-R
himself of the KP! 33 . . .
21 R-B4 R-B
QxB would only draw at
22 P-K~ B-R2
best after 34 QXR ch, B-Kt;
23 Q-K2 Q-B3
24 p-K5 ....
35 B-Kt4. Q-KB.
Here Tarta.L::over misses a Position after Black', 38rd moDe.
stronger continuation in 24 SPIELMANN
P-B4. B-Q5 c1>; 25 K-R, P
-QKt4, 26 QR-B. P-B5; Zl
P-K5. Q-Q, 28 B-K4.
24 . . . . Q-Q
25 R-Q B-Q5
26 B-B3 Q-K2
Z7 B-Kt4 QR-K
28 B-R5 R-Q
29 K-R2?1 ....
Seemingly a blunder, but
actually leading to a com- DR. TARTAKOVER
plicated game which re- 34 P-K61 QXB!
quires play of the highest 35 P-K7 QXB
order from Black.
29 . . . . BxBPI This is forced, for if 35 ...
30 BXB RxR R-KB; 36 Q-KtB c1>. B-Kt;
31 B-U Q-K31 :rl B-B7 and wins.
The only move. 36 Q-Q8 ch 8-K.
32 QxR QxR :n P-K8IQ) QxQ
83 Q-Q61 .... 38QxQ P-B5!
[129J
 This is the counter-chance 44 Q-QB8 R-Q7 ch
upon which Black based his 45 K-B3 P-B7
whole defense. Now the game is won, a1>
39 P-Kt4
\Vhite's Queen is tied down
• • • •
to the Queening squal'e.
With hopes of obtaining a
perpetual check. If instead 46 K-K3 R-R7
30 Q-K2, R-B3 and the ad- 47 P-KR4
vance of the Queen-side Desperation; Spielmann
Pawns, supported by Rook finishes off the game neatly.
and Bishop, will be decisive. 47 . . . . R-R6 chI
39 • • • • P-B6 48 K-K4 ...•
40 Q-QB8 R-B6 On 48 K-Q2, RxP and
41 P-Kt5 PXP the BP cannot be captured
42 K-Kf2 .... either way.
White's only chance for a
48 . . . . RXPch
draw consisted in 42 Q-K8,
49 K-B5 ....
as pointed out by Tarta·
kover after the game. But After 49 K-K5, R-QB5;
alte, 42 ... R-B3; 43 Q-R5 50 Q-K8, Black rules out
ch, R-R3; 44 QxP, P-B7 the perpetual check by 50
\Vhite is in Zugzwang, since ... R-K5 chI 51 KXR. P-
his King cannot cross to the B8(Q); 52 Q-R5 ch, B-R2
other side (45 K-Kt3? R- ch. 0, 49 K-Q3, R-QB5; 50
KtS!), while 45 Q-Q2 or Q Q-R3 ch, B-R2 ch; 51 KxR,
-KS would lose after ... R P-B8(Q) ch.
-QB3. 49 • . . . R-R8
42 . . . . R-Q6 White resigns as the Pawn
43 Q-K8 R-Q3 cannot be stopped.

[130j
 38. Genius versus Dogma
The view that the possession of two Bishops is an
advantage in certain types of positions first received
its fonnulation and application from Steinitz and Tar-
rasch. In the course of time this theory has been dis-
torted and exaggerated in the most ridiculous fashion,
until it is assumed that having two Bishops is an a priori
advantage, one which wins infallibly and automatically
in any position.

HASTINGS CHRISTMAS TOURNAMENT, 1924-7

Sicilian Defense

WHITE BLACK But Yates, essentially an

attacking player, prefers to
F. D. Yotes A. Teller keep the Queens on the
1 P-K4 P-QB4 bmrrd
2 Kt~KB3 Kt-QB3
3 P-Q4 pxP 6 . . . . B-Kt2
4 KtXP Kt-B3 7 B-K3 P-Q3
5 Kt-QB3 P-KKt3 8 P-KR3 • • • •

More correct would be The immediate Q-Q2

... P-Q3, as White could would of course be an-
now continue 6 KtxKt, QP swered by ... Kt-KKtS.
xKt (6 ... KtPXKt? 7 p-
KS, Kt-Kt; 8 Q-B3); 7l;lx 8 . . . . P-QR3
Q ch, KXQ; 8 B-QB4, K-
Not only to prevent Kt-
K; 9 0-0, B-Kt2; 10 p-
Kt5, but also to prepare
KR3, etc. (Nagy-Hromadka,
. . . P-QKt4 followed by
London, 1927).
• .. Kt-QR4-B5; the attack
6 B-K2 • • • • on the QB file being a com~
[131]
pensation to Black for his now pursue the Queen is a
otherwise cramped position. source of great pleasure to
9 Q-Q2 Q-82 anyone sadistically inclinedl
10 R-Q 8-Q2 Position ofter B/(lck'& 14th move.
11 0-0 0-0
12 Kt-Kt31 Kt-K4 TELLEll

In attempting to combine
the best feahires of the Paul-
sen and Dragon Variations,
Black merely succeeds in
achieving the worst results.
Here, for example, the effort
to gain command of QB5
should have been preceded
by ... QR-B and ... P-
QKt4. Doubtless, however,
Black wished to play ... Kt
-K4 before his opponent had 15 Kt-R51 Q-82
an opporhinity to advance The best defense would
the KBP. have been 15 ... Q-Kt5; 16 B
13 B-Q4! xKt, BXB; 17 Kt-Q5, QX
Q; 18 KtxB ch, K-Kt2! but
In order to prepare a
not 17 ... QXKtP; 18 Kt-
courteous reception for
B4, QXRP; 19 Kt(Q5)-Kt6,
Black's pieces.
QR-Q; 20 P-K5! BxP (20
13 . . . . Kt-85 ... PXP; 21 R-RI); 21 Kt
14 8xKt QxO XB(K5), PXKt; 22 KtxB
and wins.
At first glance it would
seem that Black'has a good 16 8XKt oxO
game (two Bishops!) but 17 KI-QS Q-B4
the ferocious agility with 18 KtxKtP Q_Kt4
which the White Knights 19 KtxQPI Qx.
[132]
 Or 19 ... PXKt; 20 Ktx 22 . . . . B-Kt4
B ch, K-Kt2 (20 ... K-R; 23 R-R BXKt
21 Q-R6); 21 Q-Q4, K- 24 RxQ BXQR
R3; 22 P-K5, etc. 25 P-QB4 • • • •

20 Kt-QB4 QXRP To win a won game

quickly is one of the signs
. . . Q-Kt4 would lose of a good player. Yates
quickly by 21 Kt(B4)-Kt6, wastes no time.
QR-Q; 22 KtxB, RxKt; 23
KtxB ch. 25 . . . . B-Kt6
26 Q-R5 P-K3
21 P-K5! • 27 R-Kt KR-Kt
28 Kt-Kt4 P-R4
An elegant continuation. 29 Kt-B6 ch BxKt

21 ..•• B-Kt2 Forced, as 29 . . . K-R;

30 Kt-Q7, R-Kt2; 31 Kt-
Naturally 21 ... QXKt; 22 B5 costs Black a piece.
PxB would be hopeless, as
the mating threat involved 30 PxB BXP
would cost Black a piece. 31 RXR ch RxR
32 Q-B7 Resigns
22 Kt(Q5)-K3! • • • •
The continuation might be
The knock-out blow. 82 ... R-KtB ch; 33 K-R2,
Black cannot guard against B-Q4; 34 Q-Q8 ch, K-R2;
both QxB and R-R. 85 Q-KB8 followed by mate.

39. Theory and Practice

In chess, as in other fields, there is often a wide dis-
crepancy between theory and practice. Victory does not
always go to those who know the most about the game
or have the profoundest understanding. For one reason
[133]
or another they fail in tournament play, either because
they lack the necessary concentration and Sitzfleisch,
or because they have a flair for analysis but not for
over-the-board play.
It is therefore interesting to find a famous theorist
who is also a good tournament player.

VIENNA, 1927

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK Suffices to equalize.
B. Hanlinger A. Becker 8 PxBP BxP
1 P-Q4 P-Q4 9 B-Q3 Kt-B3
2 Kt-KB3 Kt-KB3 10 Q-K2 • • • •
3 P-B4 P-K3
4 B-Kt5 B-K2 Somewhat better would
5 Kt-B3 0-0 have been 10 P-KR3 in or-
6 P-K3 P-KR3 der to retain the QB, but
after 10 ... PXP; 11 BxBP
This move has been played Black clearly has nothing to
by Tartakover with fair fear.
success. The idea is to ob-
tain a favorable position by 10 . . • • Kt-KR4
first ascertaining White's in- 11 B-Kt3 KtxB
tentions with the Bishop. 12 RPXKt P-Q5
7 B-B4 • • •
•
The continuation 12 . . .
The best move-and the PXP; 13 BXP, P-K4 was
only one with which White safer, and would have as-
may hope to have any initia- sured Black a good game
tive is 7 B-R4t with his freely functioning
Bishops. The text·move. if
7. . . . P-B41 more enterprising, is at the
[134]
same time more risky and
requires great care.
13 PXP KtXP
14 KlxKt BXKt
Black has obtained a
promising position, and it is
not surprising that HOnlin·
ger, having lost the initia-
tive, feels that he must
undertake a desperate at-
tack at all costs.
15 R-Q BXKt
16 pxB Q-R4
White's Queen-side Pawns
are fatally weak now.
17 Q-Q2 • • • •
Not only protecting the BP
but also seemingly threaten-
ing RxP if Black replies . ..
P-K4.
17 . • .. P-K41
Wen.playedl II now 18 R
xP, PXR; 19 QxP, P-KSII
20 BxP, QxP ch followed
by ... Q-Kt2 beals 011 lbe
attack.
After the more obvious 18
, , . P-B4, White could ex-
tricate himseU from all his
difficulties by 19 Q-QS ch,
QxQ; 20 BxQ ch, K-R2; 21
R-QKI, R-QKI; 22 P-BS!
19 RXP?I • • • •
This wild continuation
seems full of promise,
whereas with 19 P-B3, KR-
Q would nullify all his at·
ch tacking chances.
19 .. _ , PXRI
Seemingly dangerous, but
Black has a hidden resource
up his sleeve. 19 ... BxR
would of course yield only
a draw, while 19 ... ICR-Q
would win prosaically after
20 R-Q6, BxR; 21 QXll,
QxP ch; 22 Q-Q2, QXQ
ch; 23 RXQ, RxR, elc.
20 QXP QXP chI
21 K-B .. , •
(See Diagram)

180-K4 , , .. Nol 21 R-Q2, Q-BB ch,

but after White's last move
Renewing the threat. it looks as if Black's resigna-
18 . . . . B-K151 tion were in order. H now
[l35)
Position after White's 21st mnve. This problem move is the
point of Black's magnificent
BECKER
and far-sighted defensive
plan initiated on his 18th
move.

23 BxB • • • •

Or 23 KxB, Q-Kt5 ch
and 24 ... Q-Kt2.

23 . . . • Q-K3

And now the attack is

definitely repulsed.
21 ... KR-Q then mate in
4, beginning with 22 B-R7 24 Q-Kt5 ch Q-Kt3
ck 0' 21 ... P-B4; 22 B-Q5 25 QXP QR-Q
ch, while 21 ... QXP ch is 26 R-B • • • •
clearly equally ruinous be-
cause of 22 B-Q3, attacking A last-minute trap; if 26
the Queen and still threaten- . . Q-KRS (the double
ing mate. threat of ... QxR ch and
21 . . . . QXPch! .. , Q-R8 mate seems im-
possible to parry); 27 P-B41
Despite all appearances Q-R8 ch; 28 K-B2 and now
to the contrary, the text- .. , QxR would allow a per-
move provides an adequate petual check.
defense.
26 . . . . KR-KI
22 B-Q3 • • • •
But Black does not oc-
Of course!
cupy himself with such trivi-
22 . . • . B-K7 chI! alities.
[136]
poritWn after Black's 26th nwve. And afte, 27 Q-B3, Q_
BECKER R3 is again the winning
II IIlmllw lll move: 28 P-B4 (forced), Q
-RB ch; 29 K-B2, RxB ch;
lUll lIill 80 KxR, QXP ch; 31 K-K3
II II 1I'lil'1I (ill K-K, R-K ch), R-K
II II II II ch; 32 K-Q4 (K-Q3 al-
11-11"11-11 lows mate in 2), Q-K5 ch,
111~ u
II~ "II1'4 11 "'" etc.
all 1I..l0all 27 • • • • RxBI
II If! 1I'ili1l
HONLINGER
White resigns, as he does
27 Q-QB5 •••• not care to investigate the
Forced. 27 Q-Kt2 is met possibilities of 28 KxR, Q-
by Zl ... Q-R3; 28 P-B4, Q Q6 ch followed by 29 . • .
-R8 ch; 29 K-B2, RxB chI R-K ch.
and if 28 K-Kt, R-Q7 or 28 Steinitz would have en~
... RxB. joyed this game!
40. Vienna
No city has produced or developed so many first~class
players as Vienna. In the 90's there were Marco and
Schlechter, later on Spiehnann, Wolf, Tartakover and
Reti, and finally Griinfeld, Kmoch, Takacs, Becker,
Eliskases and Honlinger.
The Viennese masters have always been noted for
their enonnous theoretical knowledge, their analytical
capabilities, their drawish inclinations, and their flair
for defending difficult positions, no matter how labori-
ous and complex the task may be. In all these char-
acteristics Hans Kmoch is a true representative of the
Viennese tradition.
[137]
 LONDON, 1921

lluy Lopez
WHITE BLACK simply to make room for the
F. D. Yates H. Kmoch Knight in arriving at KKt$.
1 P-K4 P-K4
Kt~QB3
13 . . . . P-B5!
2 Kt-KB3
3 B-Kt5 P-QR3
This move gives the sub-
4 B-R4 Kt-B3
sequent play its specific
5 Q-K2 B-K2
character. White attempts to
6 P-B3 P-QKt4
7 B-Kt3 work up a King-side attack
• •
(after having blocked the
B-B2 is a good alterna- center) and Black JOust seek
tive. counter-play on the Queen's
wing. Hence he fixes White's
7 • . • . P-Q3
QBP, else White could sim-
80-0 Kt-QR4
9 B-B2 P-B4
ply answer . . . P-QKt5
10 P-Q4 Q-B2
later on with P-QB4 and
Black would be unable to
In the present position this open the QKt file for his
move is even stronger than Rooks. In addition he pre-
in the usual variations, as it pares a beautiful square for
prevents QKt-Q2. Hence his Knight at QB4.
White's reply.
14 Kt-B Kt-Kt2
11 P-05 0-0
12 QKt-Q2
15 Kt-Kt3 K-RI
B-Q2
13 R-Q • • • •
Before proceeding further
Ordinarily the Rook is with any action on the
played to K, hut the differ- Queen-side, Kmoch care-
ence is irrelevant, since the fully attends to the defense
function of the text-move is of his King.
[138]
 16 P-KR3 Kt-Kt model of strategical maneu-
17 KI-R2 KR-B vering, but here he misses
18 P-B4 P-B31 the best continuation-which
as Kmoch has indicated.
A move which reveals a
consisted in 23 QR-Kt
deep insight into the posi·
followed by 24 Kt-B4.
tion. Most players would
whereupon White could not
have answered . . . pxP
reply 25 QxP? because of
with the idea of planting a
2S . . . B-Kt4. Had Black
Knight on K4. but Kmach followed out this plan he
points out that White's at-
would have obtained 3
tack would in that event
promising game with good
proceed much more quickly
squares for all his pieces.
than Black's counter-action
whereas after the text-move
in the center.
he runs into considerable
19 Kt-B3 B-B danger of losing the game.
20 P-B5 B-K
24 8-K3 QR-Kt
Now Black's King has re-
Hoping to play . . . Kt-
ceived ample support and
KtZ-B4.
Kmach can direct his atten·
tion to the Queen-side once 25 Q-Q21 • • • •
more. An excellent move which
21 P-KR4 • • • • crosses Black's plan because
of the additional attack on
An alternative was the
Black', QKtP.
withdrawal of the QKt fol-
lowed by P-KKt4-5. 25 . • . • R-Kt2
26 P-R5 • • • •
21. . • . P-QR4
22 K-R2 P-Kt5 Having in mind the rna·
23 R-R Kt-Q? neuver Kt-R4-Kt6ch (after
suitable preparation}.
Up to this point Black's
play has been a perlect 26 •••• KR-Kt
[139]
Position after Black'$ 26th move. White's Bishop is hemmed
KMOCH in by his own Pawns, while
the conesponding Bishop
has free diagonals.
At this point, however,
White had another continu-
ation-even more advanta-
geous-at his disposal: 28 Kt
-Kt6 ch, BxKt; 29 RPxB
followed by Kt-R5 and P-
KKt4-5. In that event
Black's minor pieces would
have been wretchedly
placed.
Zl Kt-R4 P-R3!
28 . . . . Kt-K2
Black plays cautiously. 29 B-R4 oxo
He must not proceed with 30 QXB Kt-B2
his counter-attack too soon. 31 QR-KB K-Kt
If 27 ... PXP; 28 PxP, R- 32 Kt-Kt6 R-Kt4
Kt7; 29 Q-B (else ... B- 33 R-B2 Kt-B
R5), P-R5; 30 Kt-Kt6 ck, 34 Kt-B • • • •
PXKt; 31 RPXP, P-R6; 32
K-Kt dis. ch, Kt-R3; 33 Kt A new danger looms up
-R51 with a winning attack. for Black: his opponent
threatens to double Rooks
28Q-Q • • • • on the QB file together with
Kt-Q2, playing PxP at the
An ingenious move which
right moment and winning
aims at the elimination of
the QBP. The position is
the Bishops operating on
now very difficult for Black,
the White squares. This is
and after lengthy reflection
advantageous to White for
he plays:
two reasons: (1) it removes
a piece defending KKt6; (2) 34 . . . . Kt-K21
[14OJ
 A subtle resource which
is all the more effective from
a psychological point of
view since it seems to indi-
cate helplessness on Black's
part.
35 Kt-Q2 • • • •
Yates calmly goes ahead
with his plan. Had be bad
any inkling of his oppo-
nent's reply, he would have
tried 35 KtxKt ch, BxKt; 36
Kt-Q2. PXP; !!l PXP, R
(Kt4)-Kt2; 38 QxBP (38
KtXP. R-QB), R--QB; 39
QXQ, R(B)xQ though
Kmoch considers that Black
has sufficient counter-play
for the Pawn.
Porition after White', 35th mace.
XMOCH
YATES
[141]
35 . • . . KtXQPII
This unexpected reply is
quite sound-Black obtains
two Pawns and an over·
whelming array of center
Pawns for the piece.
36 pxKt RXP
:rrR-K R-Q6
38 Kt-B ••.•
Indirectly protecting the
BP, for after 38 ... PXP; 39
PxP, RxP White regains
the Pawn with a favorable
position by playing B-Q2.
But Kmoch has a far stronger
reply at his disposal.
38.. .. P--Q4
Threatening the further
advance of the Pawns and
at the same time getting his
hitherto cooped up pieces
into action.
39 K-R • • • •
White must bring his King
off the diagonal, but pos-
sibly K-Kt was better, as
the text·move allows Black
to play for advantageous
combinations subsequently.
39 • • • • Kt-Q31
40 R-83 Kt-KS
 Now White can no longer 45 Q-B.4 ok Q-B21
protect his QBP, hence he For if now 46 QXQ oh, K
must play PxP and bring xQ; 47 B-B (47 B-Q2, Kt-
another one of his oppo- KSI), Kt-K51 threatening
nent's pieces into action. . .. P-Q7
41 pxp BXP 46 Kt~K7 oh K-B
42 R-Q P-Q5!
Position after Black's 48th tnOtJe.
43 RXR • • • •
KMOCH
After 43 B-Kt, Kt-B4
White's pieces would be
helplessly huddled together,
while after 43 B-B Black
could either continue with
43 ... Kt-B4 or else 43 .
RXR(B6) followed by .
Kt-B7 ch.
43 •.•• Kt-B4!

Preventing White from YATES

advantageously returning
47 Kt-Kt6oh ...
the piece (after 43 ... PX
R) by 44 Q-Kt3 ch and 45 1£ instead 47 Kt-Q5,
QxPI Black does not play ... Px
B; 48 Kt(B)xP followed by
44 Q-B2 • • • • P-R3 and White still has
After 44 Q-Q, KtxR Black chances. Instead he would
would win the QKtP, 45 B- answer 47 Kt-Q5 by 47 ...
B? b€:'ng impossible because R--Q! and if 48 P-R3, QX
of 45 ... P-K5. Kt; 4fJ QXQ, RXQ; 50 PxB,
PXP; 51 B-Q2, P-K5-K6
44 •••• PxRI
or 50 ... PXB; 51 KtxP, P-
Mter this move Black is Q7; 52 PXKt, P-Q8(Q) oh;
bound to regain his piece. 53 KtxQ, RxKt ch; 54 K-
[142]
R2, R-QB8 winning with- 52 Q-K2 Q-B51
out difficulty in either event.
Threatening . . . R-Q,
n .... K-K after which the resulting
48 Q-B PXB end-game would be hope·
49 QxP • less for White.
Yates plays on desper. 53 P-QKt3 • • • •
ate1y, but even his tactical
Postponing the evil hour
genius does not suffice to
for a while.
hold the game.
49 . . • • Q-Q4' 53 . . . . KtxP
54 R-K3 • • • •
Black must still exercise
some care to win a won A last hope. If now 54 ...
game. 49 . . . QxP would K-B; 55 KtxP.
not do because of 50 KtxP. 54 . . . . R-Q
At the same time the text 55 Q-B3 Q-R5 ch
parries the threat of P-R3. 56 Kt-R2 Kt-Q5
50 Kt-B4 •••. S7 Q-B QXP
58 P-Kt4 Q-B2
Fo, if 50 P-RS. P...q7 59 KtXB PXKt
wins. But DOW Black can 60 K-Kt Q-Q4
capture the Pawn. 61 Q-R3 P-Kt6
50 . . . . QxP 62 P-Kt5 P-Kt7
51 KtxP Q-Kt61 63 R-K Kt-K7 ch
But not 51 ... KtxKt; 52 White resigns, for if 64 K
QXKt. QXP; 53 Q-B4 aod -B, Q-R8 ch etc. or 64 K-
White bas a number of B2, Kt-B5 followed by •.•
bothersome tactical threats. K.-Q6 ch

(143)
 41. Botvinnik
In 1933 the authors wrote of this coming grand-
master: "Although this youthful master (born 1910) is
considered the strongest player in Russia, his games
are little h.Jlown outside of his native land. Kostich
speaks of him as a 'very great master, whose tactical
play is unrivalled in Russia. His style is characterized
by colossal energy and patience, and in theoretical
knowledge (especially as regards the openings) he is
considered inferior to none of the great analysts of
Western Europe. At the same time it must be borne in
mind that his extraordinary success is due not so much
to book-knowledge, as to his brilliant and imaginative
play: "
AU.RUSSIAN TOURNAMENT, 1927

Dutch Defense
WHITE BLACK 5 Kt-QB3 0-0
6 Kt-B3 P---Q4
E. Rabinfl- M. Botvinnik
vich 70-0 P-B3
1 P-Q4 P-K3
On . . . Pxp White re-
2 P-QB4 P-KB4
gains the Pawn with advan-
3 P-KKt3 Kt-KB3
tage by 8 Kt-K5. In any
4 B-KtL B-K2
event the capture of the BP
The disuosition of this would be pointless, for the
Bishop depends on whether main object of the Stonewall
Black is to advance the QP formation is to preserve a
one square or two. If he in- powerful center.
tends ... P-Q3, it would
be better to get rid of the 8 Q-B2 Q-K
Bishop by ... B-Kt5 ch. 9 B-B4 • • • •
[144]
 This move seems out of weak to allow 'Vhite the lux-
place. Why not P-Kt3, B- ury of a few inaccurate or
K~, Kt-K5, P-IID, P-K~ second-best moves.
etc.? 13 . . . . Kt-KSI
9 . . . . Q-R.4 Position ofter BUIck', 13th JJJOt)e.
10 QR-Q • • • •
BOTVINNIK
1'his move likewise seems ~
super6uous.

10 . . • • QKt--Q2
11 P_Kt3 • • • •

White fears ... PXP; 12

Kt-Q2, Kt-Kt3.
11 . . . . Kt-KS
12 Kt-KS Kt-Kt41?
An original move which
anticipates P-BS and threat-
ens to remove one of White's
Bishops by ... Kt-R6 ch.
13 P-I(R4?
This compromises White's
King·side. Black's ..threat"
was purely psychological,
for after 13 P-BSI Kt-R6
ch; 14 BxKt, QXB; 15 P-
1\:4 White would clearly
have a good game, the Stone-
wall variation of the Dutch
Defense being sufficiently
[145]
RABINOVICH
14 B-B3 . -..
White is already in diffi·
culties; he cannot play 14
KtxKKt, BPxKt; 15 P-B3
because of 15 .. , RxBl 16
PxR. P-K6! 17 Q-Q3 (17
B-R3? Kt-B3!), BxP; 18
QxP, B-Kt6!19 Kt-Kt4, Kt
-B31 and wins. A likely
continuation wouid be 20 R
-B2 (the alternative is 20
KtxKt ch, PXKt; 21 R-B2,
Q-R7 c11; 22 K-B, P-K41
23 BPxP, B-B6 and wins),
P-K41! 21 QxP, BXKti 22 Q.PxP dble Chi 23 KxP, Px
PXB, Q-R7 ch; 23 K-B, R Q; 24 R-QB, B-Kt5 ch; 25 K
-K; 24 Q-B5 (Io,ced), Bx -K (K-K3 or K-Q3 trans·
R; 25 KXB. Kt-K5 ch win- poses into the same varia·
ning the Queen or mating. tion), R-OO; 26 K---q2, B-
14 . . . . Q-K KB41 and wins.
15 KtxQKt 21. . . . RxBI
It is clear that White has 22 PxR Q-Kt6!
lost the thread of the game. With the following
15 . . . • BxKt threats:
16 K-Kt2 B-KtSl 1. 23 . . . B-QB4.
II. 23 ... P-K6.
Another psychological
III. 23 . . . B-R6 ch.
move which leads White to
IV. 23 KPxP.
compromise his position stiU
V. 23 R-KB.
lurther.
Oearly the attack is over-
17 BXKt? • • • • whelming.
Correct was 11 Kt-JCtl Porition afteY Black',22nd mot1Ill.

17 . . • . BPxB BOTVINNIK
18 R-KR Q-U
19 P-B31 Q-K131

Threatening ... PXP ch.

as weJl as ... RxB. White's
reply is forced.
20 K-S P-K41

The point of this appears

after Black's 22nd mOl'a
2l QPxP • • • •

If 21 BxP, KPxP; 2.~ QX 23 KlxK? • • • •

[I46j
 Or 28 PxKP, B-QB4; 24 ahead after 28 R-KKt, Bx
p_K3, Q-B6 ch; 25 K-K, R ch; 29 KXB. Q-Kt5 ch.
QxKB ch; 26 K-Q2, Q-R7 27 ... BxP ch would also
ch etc. win.
23 . • . • PxKt 26 •..• QXR ch
24 RXB •••• 27 K-K2 Q-R61
Hoping for 24 ... P-K6; 28 P-BS • • •

25 RxP chi 28 RXP, R-Q. etc. wins

24 .••• B-B4 easily for Black.
25 P-K3 QXP ch 28 . . • . Q-Kt5 ch
26 Q-B2 29 K-Q2 R-KB
On 26 K-Kt Black plays 30 P-K6 QxBP
... BxP ch; 27 K-R2, B- 31 QxQ RXQ
B7 coming out a whole Rook and wins

42. The Old and the New

It is pathetic to see how easily the modem masters
defeat the great figures of a previous generation (this
holds good as a rule-a notable exception being
Emanuel Lasker). The older players are of course
handicapped to a considerable extent by reason of their
advanced age, as well as by the circumstance that they
refuse to adapt themselves to Hypermodern methods.
They no longer have the requisite flexibility to contend
with all the finesses and subtleties of modem chess.
(The authors have allowed this passage to remain u]}oo
altered; many a player who was outstanding in 1933 is a
has-been in 19451)

(147)
 IA.D KISSINGEN. 192.

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK blanca match, where its mer-
J. R. Capa. J. Mieses its were set forth most con-
blanca vincingly.
1 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 9 Q-Kt3 P-B3
2 P-QB4 P-K3 10 B-Q3 Kt-R4
3 Kt-QB3 P-Q4
A strategical error, for the
3 . . . B-Kt5 is a mace Knight is not well posted
promising continuation, as it here and will have to retreat
enables Black to avoid all with loss of time. Further-
the routine attacking possi- more, the exchange of Bish-
bilities available to the first ops will allow White to in-
player after ... P~Q4. But stitute an attack on the
Mieses, being a member of weakened black squares on
the Old Guard, eschews the the Queen-side. Capa-
new-fangled moves on prin- blanca's execution of this
ciple. maneuver is admirable.
4 B-Kt5 B-K2 11 BxB QxB
5 P-K3 QKt-Q2 120-0 KKt-B3
6 Kt-B3 0-0 18 Kt-QR4! • • • •
7 R-B P-QR3
With this move (pressure
Preparing for 8 ... PXP; on B5 and Kt6) White's
9 BXP, P-QKt4 followed plans begin to materialize.
by ... P-B4 and ... B-Kt2.
13 . . . . Kt-KS
8 PXP PXP
A perfectly plausible move
This exchange of the cen- which involves Black in in-
ter Pawns was rarely adopted extricable difficulties. Tarta-
until the Alekhine-Capa- kover suggests ... R-K and
[148]
... Kt-B, which would fa·
cilitate the development of
the Queen.side pieces.
14 BxKt Qx8
Equally unfavorable
would be 14 ... PXB; 15 Iet
--q2. Kt-B3; 16 Kt-B5 aDd
Black is badly tied up.
IS Q_Kt4' ....
The threatened invasion
of the black squares via Q6
and B7 constihItes the sec-
ond step in White's plans.
15 . . • . Q-Kt3
0, 15 ... Q-K3; 16 Kt-
BS, IetxKt; 17 RxKt with
considerable pressure.
16 Q-K71 • • • • the Pawn chain on the
By this further exploita-
tion of the weakness of the
black squares, White con·
tinues to hamper his oppo-
nent's development.
16 . . .
P-B3
Mieses is compeUed to
waste considerable time
now in order to exchange
Queens,-which leaves him
[149j
with a distinctly inferior
end-game.
17 R-B3 Q-K
18 Q-Q61 • • • •
Gaining an extra move be-
fore allowing his opponent
to exchange Queens.
18 . . . . R-B2
19 KR-BI Q-B
20 QXQch • • • •
The resulting end.game is
advantageous for White be·
cause of the numerous holes
in the adverse game, which
incidentaUy provide excel.
lent posts for White's pieces.
Further, Black's Bishop has
little mobility, travelling on
the same colored squares as
Queen·side.
20. • • • KxQ
The point of White's re-
cent maneuver with the
Rooks is now borne out by
the fact that Micses is UD-
able to play 20 . . . KtxB
(the natural move to de-
velop the Queen's wing) be-
cause of 21 Kt-KtB, R-Kt;
22 KtxPI etc.
Pootlon after Black's 20th moue.
MIESES
CAPABLANCA
21 Kt-Kl • • • •
While poor Black is still
helplessly tied up. Capa-
blanca inexorably tightens
the pressure by shifting an-
other piece to the other
wing.
21 . . . . K-K
Tartal<over suggests ... P
-QR4 and ... R-R3 as en-
abling a longer passive re-
sistance. pointing out that 21
... P-QKt4 would simply
lose a Pawn by 22 RxP! B-
Kt2; 23 R-B7.
22 Kt-Q3 R-Kt
In order to be able to
move the Knight (see the
note to Black's 20th move).
[l50]
23 P-B3 R-K2
24 K-B2 Kt-B
At last!
25 R-Kt3 ••.•
Now White threatens 26
Kt-BS followed by KtxRP
(not 26 RxBP because of
. . . B-Q2). Hence the
Knight must return.
25 . • . • Kt-Q2
26 P-Kt. . ..•
Cat-and-mouse business!
26 . . . . ~-QKI4
Mieses' patience is ex-
hausted. and he attempts to
break through forcibly to
escape gradual constriction.
27 Kt{.4}-B5 Kt-Kt3
Likewise after 27 ... p-
QR4; 28 R-R3. P-R5; 29 P
-Kt3, PXP; 30 KtxP, B-
Kt2; 31 Kt-Kt4, R-B; 32 R
-R7, Kt-Kt3; 33 Kt-R5, or,
27 ... KtxKt; 28 RxKt, B-
Kt2; 29 Kt-Kt4, etc., Black's
game is quite hopeless.
The text-move was evi-
dently inspired by the hope
of being able to block the
QB file by ... Kt-B5-but
Black never gets that far.
 28 Kt-Kt4 • • • • 31 RxKt PxKt
32 RxR RxR
Decisivel Black's game 33 RxP Resigns
simply collapses.
Tartakover comments ad·
28 . . . . "-,,,2 miringly on Capablanca's
29 KtXB QRXKt concentrated and co-ordi-
30 RXP P-QR4 nated play throughout

43. Spielmann's Conversion

One of the many sensations of the great Carlsbad
(1929) Tournament was Spielmann's belated renuncia-
tion of his beloved P-K4 in favor of Queen's Pawn
openings. The suddenness of the change was no less
astonishing than the stubbomess with which Spielmann
had previously clung to the King's Gambit and similar
openings. Perhaps the clue to this surprising change
will be found in the overwhelming drubbing adminis-
tered by Reti in the following elegant game.
TUNTSCHIN_UPllTZ. 192.

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLAClt Springs Defense and giving
R. Reti R. Spielmann the KB a good square at
1 P--Q4 Kt-KB3 QR2.
2 P-QB4 P-K3
6 . . . . B-K2
3 Kt-QB3 P-Q4
7 Kt-B3 0--0
4 B-Kt5 QKt-Q2
8 Q-32 P-QR3
5 P-K3 P-B3
9 R-Q • • • •
6 P-QR3 ..••
Preventing the Cambridge In order to hinder Black
[151J
from freeing himself by .. , Position aftcr lJIack', 15th move.
P-B4. SPIELMANN
9 .... R-K
10 B-Q3 P-R3
11 B-R4 pxp
~Iuch better would have
been ... P-QKt4; 12 PxKtP
(12 P-BS. P-K4!). BPXP.
etc.
12 BXP Kt-Q4
13 B-KKt3! ., .,

In accordance with Tar-
rasch's maxim that one
should avoid exchanges
when one's opponent has a
cramped position,
The threat 14 BxKt, KPx
B; 15 KtxP, PxKt? 16 B-
B7 is simply incidental to
this more comprehensive
plan.
13 . • . • Q-R4
A highly plausible reply
because of the threat of . , ,
KtXKt.
14 0-01 KtXKt
15 PxKt P-QKt4
The capture of the RP by
the Queen or Bishop leads
to immediate loss after 16
R-R
[152]
RETI
16 B-R2! Kt-B
And if now 16 , .. QxRP;
17 R-R (threatening 18 B-
Kt winning the Q or forcing
male). B-B3, 18 B-K~ QX
R (Io"oed), 19 Q-R7 ch. K
-B; 20 B-Q6 cll. and mate
next move. Or (after 16 ...
QxBP, 17 R-R) Q-R4,
18 B-Kl. 0' 17 Q-R5,
18 B-KI3.
But if 16 •.. BxP, then
17 R-R (threatening 18 B-
Kt followed by 19 Q-Kt3 or
19 Q-R7 ch. K-B, 2iJ B-
Q6 ch). Q-Q, 18 B-Kl. B-
K2; 19 Q-R7 ell followed
by mate (analysis by Reti).
17 Kt-KS B-Kt2
18 P-KB4! ..••
 'Ibreatening a murderous Poritiorl after Black'~ 21st moue
attack beginning with P-BS. SPIELMANN
Rcti points out that this
threat cannot be prevented
by 18 ... P-Kt3 because of
19 P-B5. KtPxP; 20 RxPI
pxR; 21 QXP and wins.
18 . . . . 11-83
19 P-BS BXKt
20 BxB • • • •

For Black to reply 20 . , ,

•
P-BS would now be fatal, RETI
e.g., 20 P-B3; 21 PxPI
22 RXKt chi RXR
KlxP (21 PXB; 22 P-
K7 ch, K-R; 23 B-Kt Or 21 Nol 22 ... KxR; 23 Q-
... K-R; 22 RxP etc.); 22 Kt6!
RxP wins.
23 8xPch K-R
20 ••.• Q-Q 24 B--R21 • • • •

Hence Black vainly at- This move illustrates the

tempts to save himself by
bringing back the Queen to
the defense.
21 pxp pxP
On 21 . . . KlxP Reli
planned the folloWing bril·
liant finish: 22 RxP! KxR;
23 Q-BS ell, K-K~ 24 Bx
Kt ch, RxB (or 24 ... K-R;
25 Q-Kt6); 25 QxR ch, K
-R2; 26 Q-B7. elc.
[153]
necessity for correct timing.
At mst s;ght 24 Q-Kt6
seems even more conclusive,
but Black could thereupon
reply 24 ... R-B3; 25 Bx
R. QXB; 26 QxQ, PXQ. etc.
The text of course threat.
ens 25 B-Kt. Should Black
this
attempt to anticipate
move by 24 ... B-B, Rcti
would have forced the win
by 25 Q-Kt6, R-B3
(fmced); 26 BXR, QXB; 27 28 K-R Q-K7
Q-K8 ch, K-R2; 28 B-KtB Hoping to keep White's
ch, K-R; 29 B-B7 ch, K-R2; Rook out of the game, but
30 Q-Kt8 mate. HeU doesn't need it
24 . • • • Q-Kt4 29 B-KS dis en K-K3
In order to prevent Q- 80 Q-Kt6 oh K-K2
Kt6. 0, 30 ... K-Q4; 31 Q-
24 ... R-B3 would lose Q6 ch, K-B5; 32 Q-B5 ch,
by 25 B-Kt, K-Kt; 26 Q- K-Kt6; 33 Q-Kt4 mate.
R7 ch, K-B2 (26 ... K-B;
Sl Q-Q6 oh '" ~'!. Resigns
26 BxR wins); 27 B-R2 oh
etc. The continuation would
have pleased the "gallery."
25 B-Kt K-Kt
81 ... K-K; 82 B-KtB ch,
26 Q-R7 oh K-B2
R-B2; 33 BxR ch, KXB; 34
27 BxP QXKP eh
Q-B6 ch, K-K; 35 Q-K6
Of course not 27 ... QX ch and Black's Queen is lost
B; 28 R-B ch. next move.

44. Alekhine at San Remo

Alekhine's genius was of course recognized before his
match with Capablanca, but greatly underestimated.
In 1927, just before the match got under way, Spiel-
mann expressed the opinion that Alekhine would not
succeed in winning a single game; Bogolyubov, how-
ever, optimistic as usnall-felt that Alekhine might win
two, and if the match were sufficiently long drawn out,
even three games. Narurally his historic victory brought
about a radical change of attitude toward this incom-
parably gifted master. This led to a good deal of specu-
[154]
Jative curiosity regarding his next appearance in inter-
national tournament play. which occurred two years
later at San Remo. Here he created one of the greatest
sensations of his career by achieving the phenomenal
score of thirteen wins and two drawsl
SAN IEMO, 1930

Indian Defense
WHITE BLACE. Already grasping the initi-
Dr. M. Vid- Dr. A. Alek· ative!
mo' hine 7 Q-B2 Kt-QB3
1 P-Q.4 Kt-KB3 8 P-K3 P-K.41
2 P-QB.4 P-K3 9 P-B3? • • • •

3 Kt-QB3 B-KtS
Involving White in seri-
It is to be expected that ous difficulties. as his ICKt
the champion would have a loses his best square. Prefer-
marked preference for this able would have been 9
fighting def.""". BPxP.
4 Q-B2 P-Q4 9 . . . . Kt-B3
5 P-QR3 .••• 10 BPxP QXP
11 B-B4 Q--<;l3
If instead 5 PxP, Black 12 PXP • • • •
does not reply 5 ... PXP?;
6 B-KtS (after which all Kostich suggests 12 Kt-
the chances are with the K2, PXP; 18 0-0, PXP; 14
first player) but plays 5 ... BxP, 0-0; 15 P-QKt4 and
QxP leading to a lively White has a promising game
type of game with interest· which seems worth a Pawn.
ing complications. The text is too slow.
,) .... BXKt ch 12 . . . . KtxP
6 QXB Kt-KS 18 B--Q2 • • • •
[155}
 White should prepare to 16 8-02 ...•
castle by playing Kt-K2. A shamefaced retreat
13 . . . . 0-0 White has lost considerable
14 B-Kt4 .•.. time, and now his opponent
The point of White's ma- gets in a decisive blow.
neuver: he forces Black to 16 . . . . B-B41
make a good move. 17 QXB .•..
Position attN' White's 14th move. There is nothing better.
1. 17 P-K4, KtxP; 18 P
DR. ALEKHINE
xKt, BxP followed by ...
BxP.
II. 17 BxP ch, RXB; 18
QxB, KKt-Kt5! 19 Q-B2
(19 Q-K4, QXQ; 20 PxQ,
Kt-B7), R-QI (threatening
... Kt-Q6 ch-B7); 20 B-
B, RxR ch; 21 QxR, R-Q2;
22 Q-B2, Kt-Q6 ch and
wins.
DR. VIDMAR 17 . , . . KtXB
14 . . . . P-B4J 18 B-B KR-K
15 R-Q .... 19 K-B2 ....
Avoiding 15 BxP, QXB; If instead 19 P-K4, R-
16 BxP ch, RxB; 17 QXQ, K4 followed by 20 ... QR-
Kt-Q6 ch. Dr. Vidmar evi- K and eventually . . . Ktx
dently relied on this move, KP with an overwhelming
but his opponent refutes it attack.
with ease. 19 , . . . 0-K31
15.. .. Q-B31 Very finely played, as wiD
If now 16 BxP, KtxBI17 be seen from his next move.
BXR, KxB with a clear ad- 20 KI-03 •• , .
vantage for Black. Intending to safeguard his
[156]
King by 21 KR-K, 22 K-Kt, Or 28 P--QKt3, R-QB-
etc, B7, etc.
20 . . . . Kt-KS chi
28 . . . • Kt-BS
21 K-K .... 29 RxP KtXKtP
White has little choice. 30 R-KI3 Kt-BS
Capturing the Kt would 31 RxP KtxP
cost the Queen, while if 21 K 32 Kt-Kt5 P-QR41
-Kt, R--Q3 0' 2l K-K2, Q-
Kt4. The only move to main·
min the advantage-but not
21 • • • . K.(K5)-Q3
32 ... P-B3; 33 Kt-K8, P
22 Q-Q3 KtX KPI
-Kt3; 34 Kt-B7.
23 BXKt P-B5
Regaining the piece, as 24 S3 Ktx8P P-RS
Q-B3 0' Q-Q2 would of 84 Kt-Q6 tel-B7
course be answered by ... 35 R-Kt2 P-R6
Kt-B4. 36 RxKt ....
24 Q-05 .... FOIced (36 R-R2, Kt-
This is White's best Kt5; :n R-R, P-R7 and
chance and gives him many wins ).
drawing resources. The sub-
36 . P-R7
sequent end-game requires
37 RXP RXR ch
play of a high order from
38 K-Kt3 K-B
Black.
24 . . • • RxB ch This last phase is ex-
25 K-B2 QXQ tremely difficult and is han-
26 RXQ R-Q6 dled by Alekhine with the
Much better than 26 ... greatest skill.
R-K3; ?:7 KR-Q and White 39 p-u K-K2
has adequate counter-play 40 Kt-K4 P-R3
for his Pawn. 41 Kt-B2 K-K3
Zl RXR pxo 42 Kt-Q3 K--B4
28 0-0 • • • • 43 Kt-B4 0-05
[l57J
 Black is following up the QB file to the Q file in order
policy of encirclement com~ to be able to returo to the
man to all such endings. It fourth rank and parry
is instructive to note that ... White's counter attack on
P-Kt4 is not good, as it is to the Pawns.
the weaker side's advantage 52 P-B4 R-KB4!
to exchange as many Pawns
as possible. The winning move, for if
now 53 KtxP, RXBP; 54 Kt
44 Kt-Q3 R-QB5
-K6, R-B3; 55 Kt-B5, R-
45 Kt-B2 R-B3
B4, etc. And on other moves
46 Kt-R3 K-K4!
Black can keep the Knight
Very nne; if White main- out of play.
tains his passive policy, then
53 K-Kt4 R-B3!
Black intends to bring his
54 P-B5 ..••
King to the last rank (KBB)
followed by ... R-B7. Or 54 KtxP, RxP ch; 55
K-Kt3, R-B3! and the
47 P-R5 • • • •
Knight is cut off.
A necessary preliminary
54 . . . . R-B2
to the following counter-
55 P-Kt3 K-K5
attack, which is however re-
56 Kt-B5 ch K-Q5
futed by Alekhine in admir·
57 Kt-Kt3 ch • • •
able fashion.
57 Kt~K6 ch, K-K4 is
47 .•.• R-B7
equally hopeless.
48 Kt-B4 R-Q71
49 Kt-R3 K-Q5 57.. .. K-K4
50 Kt-B4 K-K6
White resigns, for if 58
51 Kt-K6 R-Q41
Kt-Q2, RxP; 59 Kt-B3 ch,
Now the point of Black's K-B3; 60 Kt-Q4, R~Kt4
finely planned play becomes ch; 61 K-R4, R-Q4; 62 Kt-
clear; on his 48th move he BS, K-B4 and Black wins
switched the Rook from the easily.
[158]
 45, Noteboom
The chess world suffered a severe loss in the tragically
early death of this brilliant young master at the age of
twenty-one. Dr. Euwe considered him the finest player
thus far produced by Holland.
HAMBURG, 1930
(Match. Poland-Holland)

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK: been better to preface this
P. Frydman D. Noteboom move with 6 0-0.
1 P-Q4 P-Q4 6 . . . . B-Kt5 ch
2 P-QB4 P-K3 7 QKt-Q2 , , ,
3 Kt-KB3 P-QB3
4 P-K3 • • • • And now B-Q2 looks
better, for Black's KB has
If 4 Kt-B3, Black in- obviously a much more
tended proceeding with ... promising future than
PXP, as in Game No. 49. White's QB.
4 , , , . P-KB4 7 . . • . Kt-K5
The Stonewall Defense- 8 Kt-KS 0-0
which is quite playable 90-0 Kt-Q2
when White has shut in his 10 KKtxKt • • • •
QB.
This move only develops
5 B-Q3 Kt-B3 Black's game, but White
6 P-QKt3 • • • • avoids P-KB4 because he
intends P-B3 later on.
White wishes to avoid the
usual symmetrical varia· 10 .. . . QBxKt
tions. but it would have 11 Kt-B3 R-B3
[159]
 Noteboom has obtaiucd a
promising position and pro-
ceeds now to the attack.
12 Kt-K5 R-R3
PO;ritiorl after BlacJ,s 12th move.
NOTEBOOM
..,...,.
FRYDMAN
13 BxKt • • • •
White's game is more pre-
carious than appears at 6rst
sight. If for example 13 p-
BS, Q-R5!;
I. 14 PXKt, QXP ch; 15 K
-B2, BPxP; 16 B-K2 (or 16
KtxB, R-B eh! 17 KtxR, R
-B3 ch), R-B ch; 17 B-B3,
R-Kt3! 18 R-Kt, 8-Q31
and White has no defense
against ... BxKt followed
by ... PxB or ... RxB eh.
11. 14 P-KR3, Kt-Kt4; 15
[160]
KtxB, KtxRP ell; 16 PxKt.
Q-Kt6 eli and mate follows.
In these and the following
variations the reader should
note the power of Black's
KB--who seemed only an
"innocent bystander." In re.
ality the soundness of the
whole attack depends upon
the position of the KB. else
'White's King could escape
by way of K-K, K-Q2, etc.
Nor can White bring about
this advantageous possibil.
ity by first interpolating P_
QR3, which would be met
by ... B-B61
13 • • • • QpxB!
The recapture with the
BP would give White a
good game by making KKt4
available to him and mak-
ing his King-side Pawns mo·
bile.
14 P-B3 • • • •
White still sticks to his
plan, which could have been
carried out more precisely
by 14 KtxB, QXKt; 15 P-
BS. But he is reluctant to
part with his beautifully . . . RxP ck, but since
posted Knight and in any White's game is objectively
event the Pawn position inferior, there is no good
after the maneuver just in- reason for his avoiding a
dicated would be to Black's draw.
advantage.
16 , RXP
14 . . . . Q-R5!1 17 R-B3 Q-R7 ck
An unexpected reply. 18 K-B2 RxR ck
19 KtXR Q-R4
15 P-KR3 • • • •
Black's Bishops have be-
White declines the offer come more mobile and his
with thanks. Mter 15 KtxB attacking prospects have not
he would be lost, e.g., 15 Kt diminished. Hence we must
xB, QXP ch; 16 K-B2. conclude that White dis-
1. 16 ... R-R6; 17 Kt- played poor judgment in his
K5, Q-Kt6 ch; 18 K-K2 (or 16th move.
A), R-R7; 19 R-B2, RxP;
20 Q-B, R-Kt8. 20 P-K5 P-KKt41
A. 18 K-Kt, R-R7 fol- 21 B-Q2 B-K2
lowed by ... Q-R5 forcing 22 Q-R Q-Kt3
mate.
II. 16 ... R-R6; 17 R- Naturally Black avoids ex-
KKt, RXP, ch; 18 K-K2, changes.
Q-KtB! and wins. 23 Q-R2 K-Kt2
15.", Q-Kt6 24 Kt-Kt P-KR4
16 PXP ..., 25 Kt-K2 P-R5
26 P-KI3 R-R
A much better continua- 27 R-KKt • • • •
tion was K-R, and if 16 .. ,
B-Q3; 17 P-B4, B-K; 18 B Hoping for some simpli-
-Q2. Black, to be sure, can fying exchanges by 28 PxP,
obtain a perpetual check by RxP; 29 QXR, etc.
[161)
 27 . . . . PXP ch This faulty move increases
28 QxP P-Kt5 Black's winning chances.
29 Q-Kt2 R-R5 White should keep his
80 R-KR • • • • Bishop within striking dis~
But not 30 Kt-B4, Q-RS tance of Q2 and K, so as to
when Black has undisputed prevent any invasion of the
command of the Rook IDe hostile KB.
and White's position will
39 . . . • P-Kt4J
speedily become untenable.
The only winning chance.
80 . . . . Q-R2
31 RxR BXR ch 40 Kt-B3? • • • •
32 K-Kt 8-Kt4
88 Q-R • • • • White gives up hope too
soon. By playing 40 PXP,
White offers the exchange PXP; 41 B-Kt41 B-K5
of Queens as it is difficult,
(threatening the fatal . . .
if at all possible, for the
B-Q6); 42 B-KI White can
Bishops to break through
still obtain a draw.
the blocked Pawn position.
33 . . . • QXQ ch 40 • • . . PXP
34 KxQ K-B2 Mter this Black wins with-
85 K-Kt2 P-Kt31 out difficulty.
Black has the right idea:
41 B-B5 • • • •
in order to exploit the ad-
vantage of the two Bishops, 41 PxP? B-RS.
he must open a diagonal for
Iili QB. 41. .•• PXP
42 PXP B-R3 ch
86 K-B2 B-B
:rJ B-Kt4 B-R5 ch Now both the Bishops
86 K-B B-Kt2 have devastating diagonals
89 B-Q6? • • • • and the KtP must march in.
[1621
 48 K-Kt • • • • 50 Kt--Q3 8-Q4 ch
51 K-R3 • • • •
43 Kt-K2? would cost a
piece after ... P-Kt6. Other King moves are
equally hopeless.
43 .... B-K8 51 . . . . P-Kt7
44 Kt-R2 P-Kt6 52 K-R2 B-Q71
45 K-Kt2 8-87
46 Kt-B3 8-06 Black must have his little.
47 BxP B-K8 joke: if now 53 Kt-B4, p-
48 Kt-Q B-QB7 Kt8(Q) chi
49 Kt-Kt2 BxP 58 Resigns

46. "The Good Old Days"

In every chess era the oldtimers are forever deploring
the passing of "the good old days." One hears that there
is no 'brilliancy" left in chess; no sacrifices, no com-
binations. That this point of view is fallacious, is in-
dicated by such games as the following one.

ANTWERP, 1930

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK It would have been better
S. Flohr S. Landau to play ... P-B4 followed
1 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 by ... Kt-B3.
2 P-QB4 P-B3 70-0 0-0
3 Kt-KB3 P-Q4 8 P-QKt3 P-B4
4 P-K3 P-K3 9 B-Kt2 • • • •
5 QKt-Q2 B-K2
68-Q3 QKt-Q2 And now Black should
[163]
have continued 9 . . . p- 12 Q-B2 B-Kt2
QKr-l; 10 Q-K2. B-Kt2 13 Kt-KS Q-B2
with a. fairly even game. 14 P-B4 KR-Q

9 . . . . BPXP 14 ... QR-Q would have

10 KPxP PXP been safer, although White's
attack must be decisive in
11 PxP! • • • •
any event
After 11 KtXP Black
15 QKt-B3 P-KR3
would have an excellent
square for his pieces at Q4, Creating a target for the
whilst White's QB would be enemy's attack, but he must
rather out of play. With the prevent Kt-Kt5.
text-move Flohr takes upon
himself the onus of the 16 Q-K2' KtXKt
"'hanging Pawns" but he has
On 16 .. Kt-B F1otu-
rightly judged the position,
intended continuing with 17
in coming to the conclusion
P-Kt4, etc.
that his attacking prospects
outweigh the possible weak- 17 BPxKt Kt-Q2
ness of his center Pawns. 18 P-QS, • • • •

II . . . . P-QKt3 White sacrifices a Pawn

in order to open the diag-
Had Black played. , . Kt onal of his QB and to create
-B3 (see note to his sixth further weaknesses on
move) he could prevent Black's King-side.
White from getting up an
attack with Kt-K5. With 18 . . • . B-B4 ch
his QKt at Q2. however, If 18 ... PXP; 19 P-K6
Black cannot attack the cen- would be very strong.
ter Pawns: he has no coun-
ter-play. 19 K-R pxp
[164]
position after Black's 19th move.
LANDAU
FLOHR
20 Kt-Kt51 • • • •
A surprise for Black. Now
follows a brilliant attack.
20 . . . . Kt-B
Probably best. Flohr gives
the following alternatives:
I. 20 ... PXKt; 21 B-R7
chi K-B (21 ... KxB; 22
Q-RS ch; K-Kl; 23 QXP
ch, with R-BS to follow);
22 RxP chi KxR; 23 Q-RS
ch, K-B; 24 R-B ch, Kl-
B3; 25 PxKt and wins.
II. 20 ... R-Kll; 21 Q-
R5 and wins. for if 21 ..•
KtxP; 22 BXK~ QXB; 28
B--R7 ch, K-R; 24 KlXP ch
winning the Queen.
[165)
Still another possibility is
20'. .. R-KB; 21 Q-R5, Kt
-Kt; 22 P-K6! P-B4 (22
.. . PXP; 23 B-R7 ch, K-
R; 24 QxP, or 22 ... P-B3;
28 Q-Kt6); 28 Q-Kt6, Px
Kt; 24 RxP and wins.
21 KtxP R-K
Mter 21 .. . QXKt; 22 R
xQ, KxR; 28 R-B ch, Black
could resign without a
qualm.
22 Q-Kt4 R-K3
The only move to parry
KtxP ch. II 22 ... QXKI;
28 RXQ, KXR; 24 R-B ch,
K-Kl; 25 P-K6! KtxP; 26
Q-Kt6 wins.
28 8-851
• • • •
Winning the exchange.
28 . . . . QR-K
But not 23 ... QXKt? 24
BxR, QXB; 25 RxKI ch.
24 BxR RXB
25 Kt--Q61 ..••
Threatening RxKt ch.
25 . . • • BxKt
26 Px61 .. ..
Stronger than 26 RxKt
ch, BxR, 27 QxR ch, Q-B2 ens M RxKt chI KxR; 29
(Flohr ). QXR! QXQ; 80 P-Q7 dis.
POfition after Whue't 28th moue. ch.
LANDAU 27 . • . • Kt-R2
26 P-R31 • • • •
A very fine move. White
intends to answer 28 ... Kt
-BS with 29 RxKt, but for
this purpose the White
Queen must be protected,
else 29 RxKt would be an-
swered by . . . R-KB chi
(Flohr).
FLOHR 28 . • • • pxp
29 QxP Kt-B3
26. • • • Q-Q2 SO RXKtl PXR
The Pawn cannot be cap- 31 R-KI B-B
tured, as Flohr points out: Forced, for if 31 ... K-
26 ... RxP, 27 B-RSI (27 B2 White wins easily by 32
B-K5? Q-Q2!), R-Q, 28 RxR. QxR, 33 Q-B7 ch.
BxKt, RxB, 29 Q-K6 ch, R
-B2; 30 Q-K8 ch and wins. 32 R-QB! B-Kt2
38 Q-Kt4 ch K-R
27 B-R31 •.•• 34 R-B7 R-K8 ch
One sledge hammer blow 35 K-R2 QXQ
after another. White threat- 36 PXQ Resigns

47. Kashdan
"Der kleine Capablanca" was the nickname given to
Kashdan after his earliest European triumphs. And in
truth there is a profound resemblance between the
[166]
styles of these two masters. Both of them are interested
in the opening from a pwely practical point of view,
and in the middle game they are often content with
a slight advantage-or none at all.
But in the end-game Kashdan has few peers. He
plays all types of endings with equal facility and p,e-
cision, and he is keenly sensitive to the most delicate
nuances and hidden resources of seemingly barren
positions. Especially admirable is his virtuosity in the
handling of the Bishops.

STOCKHOLM. 1930

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK: . . . P-QX'4 with 11 P-
L. Rellstab I. Kashdan QR4, P-Kt5; 12 X'-K4.
1 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 10 • • • . P-B4
2 P-QB4 P-K3 11 0-0 pxp
3 KI-QB3 P-Q4 12 KtXP ••..
4 B-KtS QKt-Q2
5 P-K3 B-K2
A colorless move which al·
6 KI-B3 0-0
lows Black to equalize with·
7 R-B R-K
out d.ifBculty. 12 PxP, al-
8 B-Q3 though it involves the dan.
• • • •
gers attached to an isolated
A waiting move :roch as P Pawn. would be far more
-QR3 would be more in or- aggressive and make it diffi-
d.". PxP would also be good. cult for Black to free his
8 • • • • PXP game.
9 BxP P-QR3 12 . . . • Kt-K4
10 B-Q3 .••• 13 B-Kt • • • •

Intending to reply to 10 Another mistake. The

[167]
Bishop is well-placed on 16 . . • . Kt-Kt3
this square only when \¥hite 17 KR-Q B--Q2
is playing for the attack. 18 Kt-B3 KR-Q
Since that is not the case 19 Kt-K4 QR-B
here, he should have con-
PooitiQn ofter Bwck's 19th move.
tinued B-K2.
18 . . • . Q-R4 KASHDAN
Threatening ... Kt-B5.
14 Q-R4 ••..
White is obviously play~
ing for a draw.
14 ••.• QxQ
15 KtxQ • • • •
A superficial inspection
would put the position
RELLSTAB
down as favorable to White,
but this judgment is Soon Although the position
shown to be deceptive. seems perfectly even,
15 . . . • KtCK4)-Q21 White's minor pieces are so
An unexpected retreat awkwardly placed that he is
which is based on a pro- somewhat at a loss for a suit-
found understanding of the able continuation. Hence he
position. It is essential for commits the psychological
Black to anticipate Kt-Kt6. blunder common to such
situations; he exchanges
16 Kt-QB3 •.•. pieces.
White decides to retreat
20 KtxKt ch PXKtl
in his tum, for after 16 KR
-Q, P-QKt4; 17 Kt-QB3, Evidently Rell,tab had ex-
B-Kt2 his minor pieces pected the recapture with
would be badly out of play. the Bishop. The point of the
[168]
text is that White'~ QB is Fixing the QRP as a prep-
now completely out of play. aration for 8-K2.
21 B-R6 .•.. ZJ B-03 ...•
21 B-84, P-K4; 22 B- II Zl P-QKt4, P-QR4; 28
Kt3 would be even worse. PxP (28 B--Q3. PXP; 29 P
21 . . . • Kt-RSI
xP, B-K2), BxP (threaten-
ing 30 ... Kt-K7 ch; 31 K-
The full strength of this B, BXKt; 32 KXK~ B-88);
Gne move will soon become 30 P-K4, 8-B2 fonowed by
evident. ... B-Q3 winning the QRP.
22 RXR •... ZJ . . • . P-R4
22 P-QKt3, Kt-B6 would 28 P-K4 ••..
cost White the exchange. At last White is able to
22 . . . . BxRI get his QB back into play.
Forcing the exchange of 28 . . • • B-K2
the Rooks, which greatly Now the Pawn is won,
simplifies Black's problem by but the sequel requires play
removing the superfluous of a high order.
material 29 Kt-B3 ••••
23 RxR ch 6XR (),- 29 B-K3, BxP; 30 B-
24 P-QKt3 Kt-66 Q4. B-Kt7; 31 BXBP. Kt-
25 Kt-Q2 B-Q2 K7 ch; 32 BxKtj BxB fol-
Now Kashdan gets to lowed by the advance of
work with his Bishops. the QRP.
29 . . . . BxP
26 P-QR3 ••••
30 8-Q2 B-Kt7
'White must advance this 31 Kt-Q4 P-R5
Pawn in order to free his 32 PXP ••..
KB and Kt. H for example II 32 BXK~ BxB; 33 Bx
26 K-B. B-Kt 4 ch; Zl K-K, P (33 KtxP. BXK~ 34 Bx
B-R4! wins at least a Pawn. B. P-R6). BxKt; 34 BXB,
26 •••• P-Kt41 P-R6 wins.
[169]
 32 • • • • PXP Threatening 38 ... BXKt;
88 Kt-B2 Kt-Kt8 39 BXB(Q3), P-R7, 40 Bx
34 8-Kt4 P-R6 B, KtXB.
35 B-B4 B-RS The cluster of minor
36 Kt-K 8-861 pieces is fantastic.
Every move tells. 38 P-B3 ....
:J1 Kt-Q3 8-B71 If instead 38 BXB, BxKt;
Positkm after Black's 87th move. 39 BxB, KtxB.
KASHDAN 38 . . . . P-R7
Still stronger was 38 ...
BxKt; 39 BXB(Q3), P-R7
and the Pawn queens.
White resigns, for after 39
BxP, BxKt; 40 BXKt, B-
Q5 ch he would be a piece
down.
A curious feature of the
ending is that both Kings
RELLSTAB are totally inactive.

48. The Younger Generation

It seems only a few years ago that the Hypennodem
School, headed by Alekhine, Reti, Nimzovich, Bogol-
yubov and Breyer, infused a new vitality and pro-
fundity into the then extant ehess theories. During the
subsequent interval Breyer and Reti have died, and the
other members of the group have all entered then
forties. Their capabilities are known, their skill has
been tested in many a hard battle. And so the interest
of the chess world is being turned on the younger
masters who are their successors: Flohr, Eliskases,
Kashdan, Stoltz, Pire and others.
[170]
 PRAGUE, 1931

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK 11 . . . . P-QKt4!
V. Pirc G. Stoltz 12 P-B5 • • • •

1 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 A premature attempt to

2 P-QB4 P-K3 cramp Black's game which
3 Kt-KB3 P-Q4 is promptly refuted. Better
4 Kt-B3 QKt-Q2 was 12 PXQP or 12 PxKtP.
5 B-Kt5 P-B3 12 . . . . P-K41
6 P-QR3 • • • •
Breaking up White's
The well·known maneu- Pawn position and obtain.
ver to prevent the Cam·
ing the initiative.
bridge Springs Defense.
6 . . . . B-K2
13 PXP Kt-Kt5
7 P-K3 P-QR3
14 B-Kt3 Bx'
15 P-R3 KKtxP (K4)
... Kt-K5 is an alterna- 16 KtxKt KtXKt
tive worth considering.
Position after Black's 16th mow.
80-B2 0-0
9 R-Q ...• STOL TZ

This makes it difficult for

Black to free his game by
... P-B4.
9 • . . • R-K
10 B-Q3 P-R3
11 B-R4 •...
Not the best. White should
have played 11 B-B4 so
that after 11 . . . P-QKt4;
12 P-B5 the reply ... P-K4
would be impossible. 17 KtxKtP • • •
[171]
 After moves like 17 0-0 21 PxB BXR
'Vhite would have no com· 22 QxB P-Q51
pensation for the lost Pawn, This pretty move wins a
but the attempt to regain piece. If now 23 QXP. Q_
the Pawn subjects him to a R8 ch; 24 Q-Q, QxKt ch
surprisingly strong attack. and White loses the BP as
There are two interesting well.
alternatives to the text.
I. 17 KtXQP, KtxB ch; 18 230-0 PXKt
RxKt, B-B4; 19 QxB, Bx 24 B-Q6 Q-Kt7
R; 20 Kt-B7, B-B5; 21 Ktx Forcing the game in short
QR, Q-Q6. order.
II. 17 BxKt, RxB; 18 Kt
25 K-R2 • • • •
xKtP, BxKPI; 19 PxB (19
Kt-B3, B-Q7 dbl chi; 20 K In order to play R-Kt,
-B, B-Kt4 etc.), BPxKt. at present impossible because
of P-B71
17 • • • • KtxB ch
18 Rx Kt Q-R4 chI 25 . P-QR41
19 Kt-B3 .. , . 26 R-QKt P-R51
White resigns. as he does
0, 19 P-Kt4, QxKt; 20
not relish 27 RXQ, PXH; 28
PxB, B-B4.
Q-Kt, P-R6; 29 Q-R2, KR
19 ..• , B-B4 -Kt; 30 BxR, RXB; 31 Q-
20 P-Kt4 QxRP Kt, P-R1, etc.

49. Eliskases
Eliskases has a very attractive style, characterized
by refreshing vigor and a fund of sparkling and original
ideas. In addition to these qualities he has the even
rarer gifts of self-criticism and a just appreciation of
his powers and limitations.
[172]
 In his game against Spielmann, he produces one of
the most beautiful masterpieces in the whole literature
of chess.
MATCH. 1932 (7th Gam.'

Queen's Gambit Declined

WHITE BLACK 6 . • . . S-Kt2
R. Spielmann E. Eliskoses 7 B-K2 Kf-K2
1 P_Q4 P-Q4 8 Kt-K4 Kf-Q4
2 Kt-KB3 P-K3 90-0 Kt-Q2
3 P-B4 P-QB3 10 KKt-KlS B-K2
4 Kt-B3 11 P-B4 P-Kt3
• •
Safer is 4 P-K3. Preparing for ... P-KR3,
followed by ... P-QB4 and
4 . . • • PXP
Black has an excellent posi.
This leads to a tricJcy vari- tion with a Pawn to the
ation with a very difficult good.
game for both sides. 11 . . . P-KR3 immedi·
5 P-K4 ately would be fatal: 12 Kt
xKP, PxKt; 13 B-R5 ch. K
Better is 5 P-K3, after -B; 14 P-BS, PXP; 15 RxP
which White recovers his ch, K-Kt; 16 Q-Kt4, Kt-
Pawn. B; 17 R-B7, R-R2; 18 BxP
5 . . . . P-QKt4 and wins.
6 P-K5
12 P-BS?I • • • •
Now that Spielmann has
Now or never. In view of
played the opening incor-
rectly, he attempts to get an the prospective consolida-
tion of Black's game, Spiel-
attack at all costs. The man-
mann bas no choice but to
ner in which his young op-
ponent defends himself is complicate matters.
highly instructive. 12 . . . . KPxP!
[173)
 Eliskases points out that 19 QxKP • • • •
12 ... KtPxP? would lose
A remarkable position:
by 13K.xKP. PXKt(K3); 14
Black must lose the Queen.
B-R5 ch, K-B; 15 B-R6 ch,
and yet he has a won gamel
K-K.; 16 Q-Kt4 chi! PXQ;
17 B-B7 mate. Pt»ition alteF White', 19th mow.
13 P-K6 PXP
ELISKASES
14 KtXKP Q-Kt3
The position is seemingly
very dangerous for Black,
but in reality he has little to
fear. If now 15 RxP, P-B4!
with a winning game.
15 P-QR4 ••••
This desperate move is
the beginning of an ex-
tremely ingenious combina- SPIELMANN
tion, which is defeated by a
still £ner counter-combina- 19 • • • • K-B21
tion. 20 Kt-BS QR-K
15 . . . • pxKtI 21 Q-B3 RXBlI
16 P-RS Q-R3 This is the flaw in White's
17 Q-B2 QKt-B31 combination.
The alternative ... P-B4
22 KtxQ • • • •
would lead to all sorts of
complications, whereas the Naturally not 22 QxR be-
text-move forces White's cause of the reply ... BxP
hand. ch, but 22 B-Kt5, KR-K is
18 RxKt BxR at least superior to the text.
Not of course 18 ... Ktx 22 •••• R-K8 ch
R11 19 Kt-B7 ch. 23 K-B2 KR-KI
[1741
 This turns out to be even 27 . . • • P-B6
more powerful than 23 ..• 28 B-B P-B71
RxB; 24 RXR, BXKt, etc. 29 QxP R-K7 ch
24 Kt-B5 S-B 30 QxR 8xP ch
25 P-QKt4 ., •• 31 B-K3 RXB
32 Q-B? • • • •
This makes the hostile BP
very strong, but how else Relatively better was 32
is White to free his Bishop? QxR.
25 • • • • K-Kt
32 .•.• R-QR6ch
33 Resigns
Unpinning the KB,
Fo, if 33 K-K2, B-Kt5
26 B-Kt2 R(KB)-K6 ch; 34 K-Q2. BXR; 35 Q-
27 Q-Q •••• Q3, R-Q8 ch winning the
Clearly forced. Queen,

50. Transposition
One of the favorite stratagems of contemporary chess
consists in inducing one's opponent to play unfavorable
variations which he would never adopt voluntarily,
Thus, in the present instance White inveigles his op-
ponent into an inferior variation of Reti's Opening
plausibly enough by starting oH with the Queen's
Gambit Declined.
VIENNA, 1933
Reti's Opening (in effect)
WHITE BLACK A good move which trans--
B. H8nlinger E. Eliskases poses into a favorable varia-
1 P-Q4 P-Q4 tion of Reti's Opening.
2 P-QB4 P-QB3 5. •. • QKt--Q2
3 Kt-KB3 P-K3 68-K12 B-Q3
4 QKt-Q2 Kt-B3
5 P-KK.3 • • • • This move aims at P-K4.
[175]
which is, however, too am· This loses too much time.
bitious an undertaking in 12 ... 0-0 was indicated.
view of Black's relatively
Position after Black's 12th move.
undeveloped game. Safer
was 6 ... B-K2; 7 0-0, 0 ELISKASES
-0; 8P-QKill, P-QKill; 9
B-Kt2, B-Kt2, etc.

70-0 Q-K2
8 R-KI • • • •

Forestalling Black's inten-

tion, for 8 ... P-K4 would
now be met by 9 P-K4!
with decisive advantage to
'White. Hence Eliskases
changes his plan.
13 P-Q5! • • • •
8 . . . . P-QKt3
The point of this appears
9 P-K41 KtxP
in the note to Black's 15th
10 KtxKt PxKt
move.
11 Kt-Kt5 • • • •
13 . . . . BPXP
Stronger than 11 RXP, on
14 PXP BXQP
which Black could play ...
15 B-Kt5! P-B3
B-Kt2; 12 R-K, 0-0.
On 15 ... Q-Kt5 White
11 •.•. B-Kt2
has t\Yo winning lines:
Unfortunately he cannot 1.16 P-QR3, QxKtP (16
castle immediately because ... Q-B; 17 QXB! or 16 ...
of 12 BXP, while 11 ... p- Q-Kt4; 17 QR-B); 17 Kt-
KB4 allows 12 P-B31 Q6 ch, K-B (17 ... BXKt;
18 QxB); 18 BXB, PXB; 19
12 KtXP(4) B-82 QXP and wins.
[176]
 II. 16 Kt-Q6 chi QXKt; PO$iti01l a/teT White'" 22nd move.
17 BxB, QR-B; 18 BxPI
coming out a Pawn ahead
no matter how Black replies.
16 KtXP chI KtxKt
17 BxKt QXB
18 BxB • • • •

18 QxB would give Black

the necessary time for 0-0,
with some drawing chances.

18 " .• 0-0-0 BOHLINGER

19 exp dl K-Kt
20 Q-B2 8-K4 22 . . • • KR-K
21 8-R3 BxQKtP 23 RxR RxR
Now that Black has re- 28 , , , BxR? 24 Q-K4,
established material equal~
24 R-KB " "
ity with Bishops of opposite
colors in the bargain., he On 24 R-Kt Black ties
seems to have a fair posi· up the hostile Queen by ...
tiOD. But in the following B-Q5, whereupon White
part of the game Honlinger would have to bring his
takes skilUul advantage of Rook to KB anyway.
his opponent's weakness on
24 . . . . P-Kt3
the White squares.
25 Q-Kt31 .•••
22 B-Kt21 • • • •
Beginning a series of fine
Very interesting. If now moves which culmjnate in
22 ... BxR; 23 Q-K41 R- 29 Q-QRB.
Q2; 24 Q-R8 ch, K-B2; 25
Q-Kt7 ch and mate next 25 " " R-Q
move. Whit. threatened Q-Q5.
[177J
 26 Q-K31 Q-B4 31 Q-KI8 oh K-K2
Or 26 ••. Q-Q5; Z1 Q- 32 B-B61 ..••
KBS. This wins the exchange
Z1 Q-K71 R-Q2
(82 R-Q? 33 R-K ok or
82 R-Q3; 33 Q-B7 ok,
Again, IT Z1 ... Q-Q2; 28 K-K3; 84 R-K ok, B-K4;
Q-K4! 35 P- B4, etc.
28 Q-K8 oh K-82 82.. .. B-K4
29 Q-QR81 B-Q5 33 BXR BXQ
34 BxQ pxB
There is nothing better.
29 . . . P-QR4 would cost 85 R-Q B-Q3
at least the Bishop. 36 R-Q4 B-B4
37 R-KR4 Resigns
80 QxP ch K-Q
The ending is of course
If 80 . . . K-Q3 Black hopeless. A beautifully
would soon lose after Q- played game on the part of
Kt8 ok. HonIinger.

\118'
 INDEX OF OPENINGS
(TIw numben ref~ to BOmu)

Bishop's Game 19
Giuoco Piano 14
Scotch Opening 21
Scotch Gambit 10
Evans Gambit 2
Ruy Lopez 4, 5, 8, 11, 12, 15, 16, 18, 40
King's Gambit 1, 6
Caro-Kann Defense 25
French Defense 7. 26. 28
Nimzovich Defense 22,23
Sicilian Defense 24,36,38
Queen's Gambit 3, 34
Queen's Gambit Declined 9, 13, 17, 31, 33, 37, 39
42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49
Queen's Pawn Opening 27
Dutch Defense 41
Indian Defense 20, 29, 50, 32, 44
Zukertort Opening 35
Reti Opening 50

[179]