WCDMA Tems Parameters Investigation and Drive Testing

1. 1. 3G Tems Parameters Investigation and Drive Testing Syed Mohib Hussain (ZTE Engineer Team
C-III) Mohib Naqvi

2. 2. 内部公开▲ WCDMA Mohib Naqvi

3. 3. What is Drive Test? •The Drive Test is a test performed in cellular networks regardless of
technology (GSM, CDMA, UMTS, LTE, etc. ...) usually Performed in order to Analyze and optimize
the Network Quality. •Drive Test is used to analyze and optimize the network quality. •Although
by the analysis of KPI's we can identify problems of Parametrical Issues e.g. (CDR, Interference,
Traffic etc. etc….) while the drive tests allow a deeper analysis in the field. Identifying areas of
each sector of coverage, interference, evaluation of network changes and various other
parameters. Mohib Naqvi

4. 4. 内部公开▲ Why we Perform Drive Test? • Every alive network needs to be under continues
control to maintain/improve the performance. • Optimization is the only way to keep track of
the network by looking deep into statistics and collecting and analyzing drive Test data. • Drive
Test helps operation and maintenance for trouble shooting purpose. Mohib Naqvi

5. 5. 内部公开▲ WCDMA 3G UMTS Mohib Naqvi

6. 6. 内部公开▲ Drive Test Tools  Tools used for 3g Drive Testing are enlisted below:  Tems
Investigation, Nemo , Probe for WCDMA (Software)  Doungle (License)  User Equipment's
(Sonny Ericsson W995)  Data card (3G supported for data testing)  GPS  Scanner  Invertor
Mohib Naqvi

7. 7. 内部公开▲ Drive Test Types: The main types of Drive Test are : •Performance Analysis
•Integration of New Sites and change parameters of Existing Sites •Marketing •Benchmarking
Performance Analysis: Tests for Analysis Performance is the most common, and usually made
into clusters (grouping of cells), ie, an area with some sites of interest. They can also be
performed in specific situations, as to answer a customer complaint. Mohib Naqvi

8. 8. 内部公开▲ New Site Verification: When the site is completely integrated , Drive tester team
will start to perform site investigation. The detailed sub-activities are outlined below: 1.Rigging
Audit 2.Site Verification 3.Functionality Test’s 4.Acceptance Test Mohib Naqvi

9. 9. 内部公开▲ Site Verification: Mohib Naqvi

10. 10. 内部公开▲ Test Performed: Test Performed on a New Roll out site are enlisted below:
•Sector Swap •Audio calls •Video calls •R99 •HSPA (HSDPA & HSUPA) •Cell Reselection •IRAT
(Inter Radio Access technology) •Soft and Softer Handovers •Coverage Test Mohib Naqvi

11. 11. 内部公开▲ Site Verification: Voice / Video Calls Verify on per Basis for all carriers: •RSCP
•Ec/No •Scrambling code •LAC/RAC •Cell ID •Etc etc. Data and Throughput Test: HSDPA /
HSPUPA / R99 Verify on per Basis for all carriers: •RSCP •Ec/No •Scrambling code •LAC/RAC
•Cell ID •Max & Avg Throughput •Etc etc Mohib Naqvi
12. 12. 内部公开▲ Static Test: Audio Call: Performed number of calls as defined by the operator on
all the three sectors of sites in order to determine if any call failure , dropped or blocked is
found. Video Call: Just Like Audio Calls number of video calls are also performed on all the three
sectors of sites in order to determine if any call failure , dropped or blocked is found. Video call
found should be successful. It Takes 64kb/s data to transmit a call. R99: (Release 99) First Step
Advancing toward Global 3G network. Can Support data rate up-to 384kb/s and a dedicated
channel is allocated for each specific user. Perform Number of R99 Test by making a dial up
connection and verify the achieving speed. Mohib Naqvi

13. 13. 内部公开▲ Static Test: HSPA (HSDPA & HSUPA): HSDPA: High Speed downlink packet access
is the total speed on a downlink channel Ideally on single carier HSDPA will Provide Data Rate
upto 14Mb/s and for Dual carrier as like on Zong It is Providing data Rate upto 42 Mb/s. Large
and Huge Data Contained Files are downloaded Via Http or FTP to perform this test. On Zong
Minimum Average Speed for HSDPA Should be more than 9mb/s. Moreover HSDPA used
Dedicated Shared channel. One Channel shared with number of users. HSUPA: High Speed
Uplink packet access is the total speed on a uplink channel Ideally on single carrier HSUPA will
Provide Data Rate upto 5Mb/s and for Dual carrier as like on Zong It is Providing double than
that/ Large and Huge Data Contained Files are uploaded Via Http or FTP to perform this test.
HSUPA always used E-DCH Channel. Mohib Naqvi

14. 14. 内部公开▲ Cell Reselection: • This test is performed to check weather our cell is camping
to better serving cell or not in Ideal mode while moving from one node B to another or one
Sector to another. • Specific Threshhold level will be adjusted for this parameter. It Commonly
depends upon the RSCP and EcNo. Mostly If EcNo Exceeds <-14 it will Reselect a new cell. •
Forcefully Test: WCDMA to forcefully on GSM from Inter Radio access technology option and
then Back to WCDMA Ue should not exceeds from 2secs while reselecting a WCDMA cell from
No Service mode to RRC Eastablished. Mohib Naqvi

15. 15. 内部公开▲ Inter Radio Access Technology (IRAT): Inter Radio Access Technology Test Tells
us in case we are in dedicated mode and some where coverage levels of WCDMA are degraded
or we are coming out from the coverage area of WCDMA then our call instead of Dropping
simply switched on to a GSM Network. Same like in this test we will check weather our cell is
properly mapped with 2G desired cell and MSC or not and is properly switching to GSM or not.
Mohib Naqvi

16. 16. 内部公开▲ Handovers: Types of Hand over: 1.Soft Hand over: Make Before break. Between
two Node B’s at a time connecting with number of cells and first of all making the connection
with better serving cell then release. 2.Softer Handover: Make Before break. Between different
sectors of the same Node B and first of all made the connection with better serving cell then
release. 3.Hard Handover: Break before make. Intra frequency handover in WCDMA. Mohib
Naqvi

17. 17. 内部公开▲ Sector Swap: • Sector Swap is one of the major Test in GSM,CDMA,UMTS,LTE…
Drive Testing. • In WCDMA 3g Sites we commonly faced a complete swap in a new roll out site.
• Sector Swap in Telecom means If you are standing in the coverage Area of Sector 1st but you
are going to be served with 2nd sector and same like if you are standing in- front of sector 2nd
 and serving cell you measures will be showing the results of sector 1st and same as In front of
3rd Sector you will be served by sector 2nd . • Here it shows abnormal behavior of the network.
• By sector swap quality should be degraded and as a results Drop calls and level of interference
should increase up to its extent. Mohib Naqvi

18. 18. 内部公开▲ Coverage Test: • Coverage Test is used to analyze the network by monitoring
RSCP, EcNo, CQI, SIR, BLER etc etc. • Coverage holes and others Missing or Detective Neighbors
Information can be also measured. • Block calls , Drop calls, Interference , PS Attach Successful
and Failure and other abnormal event can also be monitored. • Different Colour Coding shows
the Ranges of different Parameters. • Map Info Tool is commonly used to Plot the ranges of
Power and Interference by using Thermatic. Mohib Naqvi

19. 19. 内部公开▲ Radio Parameters: • CPICH EcNo • CPICH RSCP • Tx Power • UTRA Carrier RSSI •
SIR • Target SIR • SQI • RRC State • Mode Mohib Naqvi

20. 20. 内部公开▲ Radio Parameters: CPICH Ec/No: Chip Energy by Noise. Common Pilot channel
EcNo is the ratio of the energy of the chip and the combined power of all the signals including
the specific pilot channel. It also shows the level of Noise disrupting the specific CPICH. Ranges
for EcNo: 0 to -7 Good -7 to -10 Acceptable -10 to -36 Bad CPICH RSCP: Received signal Code
Power is the level of the signal received by the U.E. or in simple RSCP is the total power of the
entire cell or a specific Common Pilot Channel received by the user Equipment. Ranges of RSCP:
-30 to -75 Good -75 to -85 Acceptable -85 to -140 Bad Mohib Naqvi

21. 21. 内部公开▲ Radio Parameters: Tx Power: Tx Power is the transmitting power of the mobile
station. Its value can vary from 50 to -50. The minimum the Tx Power of the mobile station the
better it is for call quality. Tx Power is the power of mobile station only measured in the
dedicated mode and commonly mobile will support the call in case when you are in a low
coverage area it will increase its own power to support your call avoiding Droped. RSSI: Received
Signal Strength Indicator is the total power of the entire common pilot channel received by the
Mobile station Including Neighbours interference and noise as well of Neighbours and it self
also. RSSI= RSCP + EcNo RSSI Ranges: 0 to -75 Good -75 to -85 Acceptable -85 to -140 Bad Mohib
Naqvi

22. 22. 内部公开▲ Radio Parameters: SIR: Signal to Interferance ratio is the ratio of energy in the
DPCC ( Dedicated Physical control channel) to that of the interferance and noise received by the
User Equipment. Target SIR: It is the target signal to interferance ratio that Mobile Equipment is
supposed to achieve by increasing or decreasing its power. It is usually Set by the use of Power
Control Procedure. Mohib Naqvi

23. 23. 内部公开▲ Radio Parameters: SQI: It is the speech quality index which is a parameter to
rate the voice quality on that particular call. It ranges from 0 to 30. while 30 being the Best
Value. Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) is also used to enhanced the speech or the voice quality of the
specific call. WCDMA use AMR Sourc Coding. AMR vary with different Ranges Highest AMR
Value is 12.20 and lowest AMR value is 4.75. RRC State: It tells the current state and channel as
in idle or dedicated. Mode: It is the Mode that We are Using Weather GSM or WCDMA. Mohib
Naqvi
24. 24. 内部公开▲ Serving and Active Set + Neighbour: Cell I.D: This is the Identity or name given
to a particular Node B and its cells by the operator. UARFCN: Universal Absolute radio Frequency
channel Number is the frequency band allotted to the operator. One Spectrum band width is of
5MHz in WCDMA or 3G. Frequency for Uplink allotted to all the operators vary between 1920 to
1980 MHZ. While Frequency for Downlink allotted to all the operators vary between 2110 to
2170 MHZ. Mohib Naqvi

25. 25. 内部公开▲ Serving and Active Set + Neighbour: Cell Name: Specific Name of the Node B
alloted by the Operator according to its location and Serial value. Scrambling Codes: Scrambling
Codes are usually used to identified different cells of a node B. They are of Two types. 1-
Secondary Scrambling Code 2- Primary Scrambling Code Secondary Scrambling Code: Used in a
Beam forming case. Primary Scrambling codes: (0 to 511) Are actually the Scrambling codes
usually used to identified different sectors. They totally lies from 0 to 8191. More over 512 PSC
are divided into a group of 64.Each contains 8PSC. Total Down link Scrambling Codes 16*8=512.
Mohib Naqvi

26. 26. 内部公开▲ Serving + Neighbours AS: Set of Scrambling codes on which the user equipment
is currently latched on and there can be at least maximum three scrambling's codes in a Active
Set. MN: Neighbor cell that is detected by user equipment as a neighbor. Soft and Softer
Handover decision should be taken by measuring the Stronger RSCP and EcNo then that of
Active Set at least 32 Neighbor cells can be added in a single 3g site. DN: It is also the neighbor
cell which is detected by the U.E but is not defined in our network. Hence the U.E does not
handover onto these cells. It can be because of Overshooting, incomplete neighbor list or in case
of a new site, It is very important to optimize a network and have no DN’s as they are one of the
major reasons of call drops in 3G. Mohib Naqvi

27. 27. 内部公开▲ HSPA and GSM Line Chart: • This window gives us the data speed for both 2G
and 3G depending on the mode of user equipment. • RLC DL Throughput ---- This is the total
throughput on the downlink at that particular point. • You will find throughput values in Kb/s. •
RLC DL Throughput average should be more than 9mb/s. Mohib Naqvi

28. 28. 内部公开▲ Pilot Pollution Mohib Naqvi

29. 29. 内部公开▲ Pilot Pollution: Mohib Naqvi

30. 30. Mohib Naqvi