Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Samsung Electronics
June 24, 2008
Contents
• Downlink Spec.
– Downlink Structure: FDD, TDD
– Initial Access
• Cell Search (PSC, SSC, RS)
• System Information Receive (PBCH, PCFICH, PDCCH)
• Random Access
– Downlink data transmission: PHICH, PDSCH
• Uplink Spec.
– Uplink Structure
• Uplink slot structure
• Uplink physical channels and signals
– Physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)
– Physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)
– Reference signal (RS)
– Physical random access channel (PRACH)
1
LTE L1 Specification
Downlink structure
2
Frame Structure
• Frame structure
– Frame structure type 1
• Applicable to FDD and half duplex FDD
• Each radio frame is Tf = 307200 × Ts = 10 ms long and consists of 20 slots of
length Tslot = 15360 × Ts = 0.5 ms, numbered from 0 to 19(Ts = 1 (15000 × 2048) seconds)
#0 #1 #2 #3 #18 #19
One subframe
3
Frame Structure
– Frame structure type 2(Cont.)
• Three special fields, DwPTS, GP, and UpPTS in subframe #1 and #6
• Subframes 0 and 5 and DwPTS are always reserved for downlink transmission
• The lengths of DwPTS and UpPTS is given below subject to the total length of DwPTS,
GP and UpPTS being equal to 30720Ts = 1 ms
• Supported configurations of uplink-downlink subframe allocation are specified
Lengths of DwPTS/GP/UpPTS
Uplink-
Uplink-downlink allocations
Downlink
• Physical channels
– A set of Resource Elements carrying information originating from higher
layers
• Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH
• Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH
• Physical Multicast Channel, PMCH
• Physical Control Format Indicator Channel, PCFICH
• Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH
• Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel, PHICH
• Physical signals
– A set of Resource Elements NOT carrying information originating from
higher layers
• Reference signal
• Synchronization signal
5
Resource Grid
• The transmitted signal in each slot is described by a resource grid of
DL
N RB N scRB subcarriers and N symb
DL
OFDM symbols.
10ms radio frame, Tf
Subframe 1msec
#0 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9
Subcarrier
15kHz
Resource Block
(RB) Resource element
(k,l)
k = nPRB*NSCRB
l=0 l=NsymbDL-1 [The resource grid structure]
6
Resource Grid
• Physical resource block parameters
– Number of symbols per slot
RB size
Number of symbols
Configuration (number of sub-
per slot
carriers)
Normal CP (15kHz) 7
12
Extended
15kHz 6
CP
7.5kHz 24 3
Channel bandwidth
1.4 3 5 10 15 20
BWChannel [MHz]
7
Resource Grid
• In case of multi-antenna transmission,
– There is one resource grid defined per antenna port.
– An antenna port is defined by its associated reference signal.
– The set of antenna ports supported depends on the reference
signal configuration in the cell:
• Cell-specific reference signals, associated with non-MBSFN
transmission, support a configuration of one, two, or four antenna
ports, i.e. the index , p, shall fulfil and p=0, p={0, 1}, p={0, 1, 2, 3} ,
respectively.
• MBSFN reference signals, associated with MBSFN transmission,
are transmitted on antenna port p=4 .
• UE-specific reference signals, supported in frame structure type 2
only, are transmitted on antenna port p=5 .
– Make sure that antenna port is not physical “Antenna”
8
Resource Element Groups
• REGs (Resource element groups)
• Basic RE mapping unit for downlink control information
• Index pair of the resource element with the lowest index k in the group with
all resource elements in the group having the same value of l
– 1st symbol of 1 slot
• Two REGs in PRB (k, l=0) with k = k 0 + 0, k 0 + 1,..., k 0 + 5 and k = k 0 + 6, k 0 + 7,..., k 0 + 11
– 2nd symbol of 1 slot
• 1 or 2 antenna port case: 3 REGs in PRB (k, l=1) with
k = k 0 + 0, k 0 + 1,..., k 0 + 3, k = k 0 + 4, k 0 + 5,..., k 0 + 7 , k = k 0 + 8, k 0 + 9,..., k 0 + 11
• 3 or 4 antenna port case: Same as 1st symbol of 1slot with l=1
– 3rd symbol of 1 slot
• Same as 1 or 2 antenna port case of 2nd symbol of 1st slot with l=2
• Mapping of symbol quadruplet z (i ), z (i + 1), z (i + 2), z (i + 3) onto a REG
z(i) 1 z(i+1) z(i+2) 4 z(i+3) 6 7 8 9 10 11 Quadruplet
REG
9
LTE L1 Specification
Initial Access
10
Initial Access
• Initial access procedure for LTE has three steps.
– Cell Search
– System Information Receive
– Random Access
11
Cell search
• Cell search
– Find a cell to connect and estimate frame timing
– Provide the primary and secondary synchronization signals on
the downlink to assist
– Cell-specific sequences are inserted in synchronization signals
– Support 504 unique physical-layer identities; NIDcell (168 unique
physical-layer cell-identity groups; NID(1), each group containing
three unique identities; NID(2))
• Physical-layer identity NIDcell
cell
N ID = 3N ID
(1)
+ N ID
(2)
(1) (2)
where N ID = 0,…, 167, and N ID =0,1,2
12
Synchronization signals -FDD
10ms frame
Subframe
#0 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9
31 subcarriers
DC
31 subcarriers
14
Primary synchronization signal (PSS)
• Primary synchronization signal
– Mapping of sequence is occupied 72REs in the last symbol in slot 0 and
10
– The sequence is selected from a set of three different sequences
• ZC sequence length =63 and PSC sequence length =62 (excluding DC)
• The root indices u are M=n1, M=N-n1, M=n2 (N=63, n1=29, n2=25, N-n1=34)
• The 32nd sample is punctured
• Leave the remaining 10 subcarriers reserved
⎧ − j πun ( n +1)
⎪ e 63 n = 0,1,...,30
d u (n) = ⎨ πu ( n +1)( n + 2)
⎪e − j 63 n = 31,32,...,61
⎩
– Partial information of reference signal configuration
– Same synchronization structure regardless of system bandwidth
– Identical cell search is possible without knowing the system BW
Punchured
X X d(0) d(1) d(29) d(30) d(31) d(32) d(60) d(61) X X
DC
5 subcarriers 31 subcarriers 31 subcarriers 5 subcarriers
15
Secondary synchronization signal (SSS)
• Same frequency and slot allocation but 1 symbol prior to PSS
• Sequence generation: Combination of M-sequence based code
– Generate a set of 31 sequences obtained as cyclic shifts of a single length 31 M-
sequence generated from the primitive polynomial x5+x2+1 over GF(2)
– Two short SSS codes(S0(m0), S1(m1) ) selected from above set with m0, m1 cyclic
shifted using cell-identity group
– First and second sequences shall be scrambled with a binary scrambling code
(C0(n), C1(n) ) depending on the PSS
– Scrambling of the second sequence with a binary scrambling code (Z1(m0), Z1(m1))
corresponding to the cyclic shift values of the first sequence
– Mapping sequences to REs
⎧⎪s0( m0 ) (n)c0 (n ) in slot 0
Even RE: d (2n) = ⎨ ( m )
⎪⎩s1 1 ( n)c0 (n ) in slot 10
⎧⎪s1( m1 ) ( n)c1 (n )z1( m0 ) (n ) in slot 0
Odd RE: d (2n + 1) = ⎨ ( m )
⎪⎩s0 0 (n)c1 (n )z1 1 (n ) in slot 10
(m )
16
Downlink Reference Signal (RS)
• Three types of downlink reference signals are defined:
– Cell-specific reference signals, associated with non-MBSFN
transmission (unicast RS)
– MBSFN reference signals, associated with MBSFN transmission
– UE-specific reference signals (Dedicated RS)
• There is one reference signal transmitted per downlink antenna port.
• REs used for RS transmission on any of the antenna ports in a slot
shall not be used
17
Mapping of Cell-specific Reference Signal
one antenna port
Freq.
R0 R0
R0 R0 R1 R1
R0 R0 R1 R1
Not used for transmission on this antenan port
R0 R0 R1 R1
Reference symbols on this antenna port
R0 R0 R1 R1
l=0 l =6 l=0 l=6 l =0 l =6 l=0 l=6
four antenna port
R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3
R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3
R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3
R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3
l =0 l=6 l=0 l=6 l=0 l=6 l=0 l=6 l=0 l=6 l=0 l=6 l=0 l=6 l=0 l=6
even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots
– Reference sequences
rl , ns (i ) = (1 − 2 ⋅ c ( 2i ) ) + j (1 − 2 ⋅ c( 2i + 1) ), i = 0,1,..., 2 N RB
max, DL
−1
• ns is the slot number within a radio frame and l is the OFDM symbol
number within the slot
– Mapping to RE
• Cell-specific cyclic shifting with physical-layer cell-identity groups
vshift = N ID
(1)
mod 6
19
Dedicated RS
• Dedicated RS
– DRS (antenna port 5) pattern for normal CP
• DRS pattern with 12 DRS per RB pair
• Support of DRS operation is a UE capability of FDD/TDD
• DRS pattern for extended CP for 12 RS per RB: FFS
– CQI estimation
• CQI estimation (DL) is always based on Common RS (CRS)
12 RS per RB pair
RS Port 0
RS Port 1
Freq
Time
[Dedicated RS with common RS]
20
System Information Receive
• PBCH
– Master information block of system information is transmitted on
Primary broadcast channel
• Dynamic BCH
– After successful reception of PBCH, UE can read D-BCH in
PDSCH (including PCFICH and PDCCH) which carries system
information not including in PBCH
21
PBCH
• PBCH
– Master information block of system information is transmitted on Primary
broadcast channel
• Cell-specific scrambled prior to modulation
• Modulation: QPSK
• Mapping to resource elements
– Set of values for the RE index k is
DL
N RB N scRB
k= − 36 + k ' , k ' = 0,1,...,71
2
– Values for the symbol index is 0, 1, 2, 3 in slot 1 of subframe 0
• Including system information (RAN2 conclusions)
– L1 parameters (e.g. DL system bandwidth, etc.)
– System Frame Number (SFN)
– PHICH duration (1 bit)
– PHICH resource (2 bits)
– FFS… 22
PBCH
• The coded BCH transport block is mapped to four subframes
(subframe #0) within a 40 ms interval
• 40 ms timing is blindly detected, i.e. there is no explicit signaling
indicating 40 ms timing.
• Coded BCH mapped to 4 OFDM symbols within a subframe
• Each subframe is assumed to be self-decodable, i.e the BCH can be
decoded from a single reception, assuming sufficiently good channel
conditions.
Bandwidth
System
23
PBCH
• No explicit bits in the PBCH to signal the number of TX antennas at
the eNB
• PBCH encoding chain includes CRC masking dependent on the
number of configured TX antennas at the eNodeB
• PBCH is mapped into RE assuming RS from 4 antennas are used at
the eNB transmitter, irrespective of the actual number of TX
antenna
# of TX antennas PBCH CRC Mask
1 <0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0>
2 <1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1>
4 <0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1>
• TX diversity scheme
– 336 hypotheses on SSC, and SFBC based TX diversity scheme
• For 2 TX antennas SFBC
• For 4 TX antennas based on SFBC + FSTD
– No antenna information carried on SSC for SFBC
24
PCFICH
• CCFI (Control format indication)
– Information about the number of OFDM symbols (1, 2 or 3) used for transmission
of PDCCHs in a subframe.
• PCFICH carries CCFI.
– The number of bits: 32 bits
– Cell-specific scrambling prior to modulation.
– Modulation: QPSK
– Mapping to resource elements: four groups of four contiguous REs not used for
( )( )
RS in the first OFDM symbol
• Spread over the whole system bandwidth k = N scRB 2 ⋅ N ID
cell DL
mod 2 N RB
• Same mapping for 1, 2 and 4 antennas k =k
k = k + ⎣N RB
DL
2⎦⋅ N scRB 2
k = k + ⎣2 N RB
DL
2⎦⋅ N scRB 2
k = k + ⎣3 N RB
DL
2⎦⋅ N scRB 2
k̄
CCFI
25
PDCCH
• The physical downlink control channel carries scheduling assignments
• A physical control channel is transmitted on an aggregation of one or
several control channel elements, where a control channel element (CCE)
corresponds to a set of resource elements
– 1PDCCH = 1, 2, 4, 8 CCEs
– 1 CCE = 9 REGs
• Multiple PDCCHs can be transmitted in a sub-frame
• The PDCCH supports multiple formats
• Maximum number of blind decoding for LTE_ACTIVE users is 44 in total
TDM
...
CCE
(
,where w ( p ) (i ) = w ( p ) (i + N cell
ID
) mod M quad )
quadruplet
0 1 2 3
w(p)(i) w(p)(i)
z(p)(i) 0 1 Mquad-1
Cyclic Shift
interleaving
NIDCell
Mquad Mquad Mquad
RE mapping
Frequency
RE quadruplet #5
Reference Signal for antenna port 0
Time Resource Block #1 Reference Signal for antenna port 1
Control Symbol #0 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 9 Reference Signal for antenna port 2
channel region Symbol #1 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 6 6 6 6 .. .. .. .. Reference Signal for antenna port 3
(CCFI=3) 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 .. .. .. .. PCFICH resource
Symbol #2
PHICH resource
RE quadruplet #4
27
PDCCH
• DCI format [Detailed in TS36.212]
– DCI format 0 is used for the transmission of UL-SCH assignments
– DCI format 1 is used for the transmission of DL-SCH assignments for SIMO
operation
– DCI format 1A is used for a compact transmission of DL-SCH assignments for
SIMO operation
– DCI format 1B is used to support closed-loop single-rank transmission with
possibly contiguous resource allocation
– DCI format 1C is for downlink transmission of paging, RACH response and
dynamic BCCH scheduling
– DCI format 2 is used for the transmission of DL-SCH assignments for MIMO
operation
– DCI format 3 is used for the transmission of TPC commands for PUCCH and
PUSCH with 2-bit power adjustments
– DCI format 3A is used for the transmission of TPC commands for PUCCH and
PUSCH with single bit power adjustments
28
PDCCH
• Aggregation of CCE
– Tree-based aggregation with 1, 2, 4, 8 CCE
• 1-CCE start on any CCE position (i=0,1,2,3,4,...)
• 2-CCE every second location (i=0,2,4,6,...)
• 4-CCE on every fourth (i=0, 4, 8, ...)
• 8-CCE on every eight position (i=0, 8, ...)
– The number of available CCEs in a cell depends on
• Semi-static: bandwidth, #antenna ports, PHICH conf, ...
• Dynamic: PCFICH value
29
PDCCH
• Common search space
– Common search space corresponds to CCEs 0-15 (four decoding
candidates on level-4, CCEs 0-3, 4-7, 8-11, 12-15 and two
decoding candidates on level-8, CCEs 0-7, 8-15
– Monitored by all UEs in the cell
– Can be used for any PDCCH signalling (not restricted to ’common’
PDCCH, can be used to resolve ’blocking’)
• Format 1C
• Format 0/1A/3A
– May overlap with UE-specific search space
– Aggregation levels
• 4-CCE and 8-CCE
– Number of blind decodes spent on common search space = 12
30
PDCCH
• UE-specific search space
– 32 blind decoding attempts
– Aggregation levels 1, 2, 4, 8
– Decoding attempts per payload size (assuming 2 payload sizes per
aggregation level)
• 6 decoding attempts of 1-CCE aggregation
• 6 decoding attempts of 2-CCE aggregation
• 2 decoding attempts of 4-CCE aggregation
• 2 decoding attempts of 8-CCE aggregation
• FFS if the above can be changed with RRC signalling (max 2 configurations
in total)
– DCI formats, semi-static configuration of one of the alternatives
• 0/1A, 1 (”non-spatial-multiplexing”)
• 0/1A, 2 (”spatial multiplexing”)
• 0/1A, 1B(“rank-1 precoding”)
31
PDCCH
• Starting point of UE-specific search space to monitor given by
”hashing function”
32
LTE L1 Specification
33
PHICH
Modulation
ACK/NACK
Orthogonal Seq.
Transport channel HI
Scrambling
Repetition 1/3
Layer mapping
and precoding
ỹ(0) ỹ(11)
Group 0
PHICH x x x x x
duration=3 x x x
Group 1
x x x
PHICH distance PHICH distance
34
PHICH
N =⎨
[
⎧ ceil N h ( N RB DL
]
/ 8) for normal CP
⎩ 2 * ceil N[h ( N DL
]
RB / 8) for extended CP
35
PHICH
• PHICH mapping
– Time and frequency location of PHICH
⎧( ⎢ N IDcell
⋅ nli′ / nk ⎥⎦ + m′)mod nli′ i=0
⎪ ⎣
⎪ ⎧0 for nPHICH = 1 or 3
ni = ⎨( ⎢⎣ N ID
cell
⋅ nli′ / nk ⎥⎦ + m′ + ⎣⎢ni′ /3 ⎦⎥ )mod nli′ i=1 where k = ⎨
⎪ ⎩1 for nPHICH = 2
⎪⎩( ⎢⎣ N ID ⋅ nli′ / nk ⎥⎦ + m′ + ⎢⎣ 2 ni′ /3 ⎥⎦ )mod nli′ i=2
cell
36
PHICH
• Orthogonal sequence of SF = 4 for normal CP and SF =2 for extended CP
case
frequency
[SF = 2] [SF = 4]
37
DL Physical Channel Processing
• The baseband signal representing a downlink physical channel is defined in
terms of the following steps:
– Scrambling of coded bits
– Modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulation symbols
– Mapping of the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several
transmission layers
– Pre-coding of the complex-valued modulation symbols on each layer for
transmission on the antenna ports
– Mapping of complex-valued modulation symbols for each antenna port to
resource elements
– Generation of complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for each antenna port
38
Scrambling
• Sequence generation
– The scrambling sequence generator shall be initialised at the start of each subframe,
where the initialisation value of cinit
• Generation register
– Fill the top register with the following fixed pattern x(0)=1(MSB),and x(1)=…=x(30)=0.
– Fill the lower register with the initialisation sequence based on below
⎧⎪nRNTI ⋅ 2 14 + q ⋅ 2 13 + ( ns 2 ) ⋅ 2 9 + N ID
cell
for PDSCH
• PDSCH & PMCH: cinit =⎨
⎪⎩( ns 2 ) ⋅ 2 + N ID
9 MBSFN
for PMCH
• PBCH: cinit = N ID
cell
(Re-initialization is performed every 4 subframes)
39
PDSCH
• Resource allocation of PDSCH [Detailed in TS36.213]
– Non-compact assignment (DL only)
• Bitmap approach 1 (Group-wise bitmap)
• Bitmap approach 2 (bitmap within subset)
DL DL DL
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DL
N RB DL
-3 N RB DL
-2 N RB-1 N RB N RB N RB
p RB p p p
1 bit
Starting
RB =0 Length =3
40
LTE L1 Specification
MBSFN
41
MBSFN Sub-frame Structure
Frequency domain in sub-carrier units
R1 C C R2 C C R1 C C R2 C C R1 C C R2
R3 C C R4 C C R3 C C R4 C C R3 C C R4
Slot MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Sub-frame
D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Slot
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D MR D
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
R0 : Unicast RS for antenna port 0 R1 : Unicast RS for antenna port 1 C : Unicast control
R2 : Unicast RS for antenna port 2 R3 : Unicast RS for antenna port 3 D : MBSFN data
42
MBSFN RS and PMCH
• RS structure for MBSFN(MBMS Single Frequency
R4
R4Network) Sub-frame for MBSFN transmission
R4
R4
R4 R4 Î Adopt the unicast CP structure and RS sequence type for the first
R4 and second (in case it is a unicast one) symbol of MBSFN sub-
R4 R4
R4 frames
R4 R4
R4
MBSFN data from different MBSFN areas are NOT multiplexed within
R4 R4 the same sub-frame within a cell to avoid multiple MBSFN RSs
R4
R4 R4 Sequence generation
rl , ns (i ) = (1 − 2 ⋅ c( 2i ) ) + j (1 − 2 ⋅ c(2i + 1) ),
l=0 l =5l = 0 l =5
i = 0,1,...,6 N RB
max, DL
−1
43
PCFICH and PMCH in MBSFN
• PCFICH
– Transmit PCFICH in every subframe, including MBSFN subframes on
mixed carrier
– The PCFICH correctly reflects the control region, also in MBSFN sub
frames.
– The PCFICH value in MBSFN subframes shall be the same as the valu
e provided by higher layers for MBSFN UEs
• PMCH
– Only transmitted in sub-frames allocated for MBSFN transmissions
• Only TDM on sub-frame basis of data transmission
– Multiplexing of MBSFN and Non-MBSFN data
– No transmit diversity for MBSFN and the transmission shall use
antenna port 4
– Not to transmitted in subframe 0 and 5 on a carrier supporting a mix of
PDSCH and PMCH
44
LTE L1 Specification
Uplink structure
45
Uplink Overview - Uplink Structure
Tslot
× N scRB
160 for l = 0
N scRB
Normal cyclic prefix
UL
144 for l = 1,2,..., 6
N RB
Extended cyclic prefix 512 for l = 0,1,..., 5
l=0 l = N symb
UL
−1
Uplink Overview - Uplink Physical Channels
Physical channels
Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)
Uplink data with localized transmission
– Localized transmission w/o frequency hopping
– Localized transmission with frequency hopping
Frequency hopping is available on both slot basis and subframe basis
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)
ACK/NACK, CQI/PMI, SR transmission
PUCCH transmission
– Via frequency bands towards both edges
– Frequency hopping at the slot boundary
UCI transmission with PUSCH
CQI/PMI is multiplexed with PUSCH and mapped into PUSCH bands
ACK/NAK is multiplexed with PUSCH by puncturing the data
SR would be transmitted through RRC signalling (RAN2)
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
Uplink Overview - Uplink Signals
Physical Signals
Reference signal (RS)
Demodulation RS (DM RS)
Sounding RS (SRS)
PUSCH Processing
UE specific PUSCH
Bit level scrambling - QPSK
- 16QAM
- 64QAM
PUCCH
-BPSK
-QPSK
PUSCH Processing
Transform precoding
The block of complex-valued symbols d (0),..., d ( M symb − 1)
M scPUSCH represents the number of scheduled subcarriers used for PUSCH transmission in an SC-
FDMA symbol
M scPUSCH = N scRB ⋅ 2α 2 ⋅ 3α 3 ⋅ 5α 5 ≤ N scRB ⋅ N RB
UL
M scPUSCH −1 2πik
−j
∑
1 M scPUSCH
z (l ⋅ M scPUSCH + k ) = d (l ⋅ M scPUSCH + i )e
M scPUSCH i =0
k = 0,..., M scPUSCH − 1
l = 0,..., M symb M scPUSCH − 1
RB
Frequency
Slot PUSCH
(0.5ms)
PUSCH RS
Sub-frame
(1ms) SRS
PUCCH
SC-FDMA
symbol
fhop(i)=0
h(i)=0 fhop(i)=1
h(i)=1 fhop(i)=3
h(i)=3 fhop(i)=2
h(i)=2 fhop(i)=1
h(i)=1
fm(i)=0 fm(i)=0 fm(i)=1 fm(i)=0 f (i)=1
PRB index m(i)=0 m(i)=0 m(i)=1 m(i)=0 m(i)=1
m
0 0 15 9 10 19
1 1 16 8 11 18
2 2 17 7 12 17
3 3 18 6 13 16
4 4 19 5 14 15
5 5 0 14 15 4
6 6 1 13 16 3
7 7 2 12 17 2 Subband
8 8 3 11 18 1
9 9 4 10 19 0
10 10 5 19 0 9
11 11 6 18 1 8
12 12 7 17 2 7
13 13 8 16 3 6
14 14 9 15 4 5
15 15 10 4 5 14
16 16 11 3 6 13
17 17 12 2 7 12
18 18 13 1 8 11
19 19 14 0 9 10
i=0 i=8 i=16 i=24 i=32
PUCCH Modulation Number of bits per PUCCH format Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix
1, 1a, 1b 3 2
format scheme subframe, M bit
2 2 1
1 N/A N/A
2a, 2b 2 N/A
1a BPSK 1
Demodulation reference signal location
1b QPSK 2 for different PUCCH formats
Set of values for l
2 QPSK 20 PUCCH format
Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix
Normal 2a QPSK+BPSK 21
1, 1a, 1b 2, 3, 4 2, 3
CP 2b QPSK+QPSK 22 2, 2a, 2b 1, 5 3
PUCCH Format 1a and 1b (For ACK/NACK Only Case)
CG (u,τ) CG(u,τ)
w0 w1 w2 w3 w0 w1 w2 w3
1 [1 e j 2π 3
e j 4π 3
]
2 [1 e j 4π 3
e j 2π 3
]
ACK/NACK Channelization
Orthogonal cover
Cyclic shift OCinde x =0 OCinde x =1 OCinde x =2
0
1
ACK/NACK
2
3
4
5
6
Guard shifts
7 CQI
8
9
10
11
CS Hopping and CS/OC Re-mapping
Cases
CQI only
CQI+ACK/NACK with expended CP
Bit scrambled by UE specific scrambling sequence
Initialization of scrambling sequence generator is same with that of PUSCH
QPSK, (20, A) simplex code
Cyclic Shift (CS) based orthogonality of CG CAZAC sequence
CS hopping on symbol basis
CQI CQI
CG CG
IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT
1 slot 1 slot
CQI
CG
1 slot
Normal CP case
PUCCH Format 1 (Scheduling Request Only)
0 1 0 1 2 2 3
Sequence 1 wn (i)
oc
⎧⎢ m ⎥ PRB = N RB −11
RB −
DL
UL m =1 m=0
if (m + ns mod 2 ) mod 2 = 0
n PRB
⎪⎢ ⎥ m=3 m=2
⎪⎣ 2 ⎦
nPRB =⎨
⎪ N UL − 1 − ⎢ m ⎥ if (m + ns mod 2 ) mod 2 = 1
⎪ RB ⎢2⎥
⎩ ⎣ ⎦
• Mapping order:
From RBs in outer edge to RBs in inner edge
• PUCCH format 2/2a/2b first
m=2 m=3
• Secondly mixed ACK/NACK and CQI format
• PUCCH format 1/1a/1b nPRB = 0 m=0 m =1
⎧ N RB(2) (1)
if n PUCCH < c ⋅ N cs(1) ΔPUCCH
⎪⎪ (1)
shift
m = ⎨⎢ n PUCCH − c ⋅ N cs(1) ΔPUCCH ⎥ ⎡ N (1) ⎤
⎪ ⎢
⎩⎪⎢⎣ c ⋅ N sc Δ shift
RB
shift
PUCCH
⎥ + N RB
⎥⎦
(2)
+ ⎢ cs ⎥ otherwise
⎢ 8 ⎥ ⎣
m = nPUCCH
(2) RB
N sc ⎦
⎧3 normal cyclic prefix
c=⎨
⎩2 extended cyclic prefix
Multiplexing of Control and Data on PUSCH
SC-FDMA symbol
PUCCH Interaction with SRS for a UE
Frequency
Length 3 OC
Length 3 OC
Length 3 OC
Time
DM RS for PUSCH
For each UE, DM RS for PUSCH is transmitted over bandwidths where its PUSCH is
scheduled
PUSCH DM RS in MIMO
SIMO: FDM between UEs
MU-MIMO: RSs of different UEs are orthogonalized by allocating different cyclic shift for each UE
Different cyclic shifts can be used in different slots of a subframe
For extended CP, PUSCH DM RS is located at the 3rd symbol
(
ncs = n DMRS
(1)
+ n DMRS
( 2)
)
+ n PRS mod 12
Broadcasted Included in Given by the pseudo-random sequence c(i)
value UL grant Application of c(i) is cell specific
For MU-MIMO
Cyclic shift field ( 2)
in UL grant n DMRS
000 0
001 2
010 3
011 4
100 6
101 8
110 9
111 10
Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) Subframe Configuration
RB index
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
40 RBs
BW options UE#1 20 RBs
4 RBs UE#2 UE#3
0 36 1 12 3 N/A 1 4 3
1 32 1 16 2 8 2 4 4
2 24 1 N/A 1 N/A 1 4 6
3 20 1 N/A 1 N/A 1 4 5
4 16 1 N/A 1 N/A 1 4 4
5 12 1 N/A 1 N/A 1 4 3
6 8 1 N/A 1 N/A 1 4 2
SRS bandwidth configuration and SRS bandwidth for 80~110 RB uplink system BW
0 96 1 48 2 24 2 4 6
1 96 1 32 3 16 2 4 4
2 80 1 40 2 20 2 4 5
3 72 1 24 3 12 2 4 3
4 64 1 32 2 16 2 4 4
5 60 1 20 3 N/A 1 4 5
6 48 1 24 2 12 2 4 3
7 48 1 16 3 8 2 4 2
SRS Generation
r SRS (n ) = ru(,αv ) (n )
10 MHz bandwidth Tree layer l Nl nl,orig , UE#1 nl,orig , UE#2 nl,orig , UE#3
0 1 0 0 0
1 2 0 1 1
2 5 - 0 2
RB index
Time 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
CP Sequence
TCP TSEQ
For preamble format 0~3 , at most one RA resource per subframe for FDD
Start of RA preamble shall be aligned with the start of the corresponding uplink subframe at
the UE
0 Even 1
1 Even 4
2 Even 7
3 Any 1
4 Any 4
5 Any 7
6 Any 1, 6
7 Any 2 ,7
8 Any 3, 8
9 Any 1, 4, 7
10 Any 2, 5, 8
11 Any 3, 6, 9
12 Any 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
13 Any 1, 3, 5, 7, 9
14 Any 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
15 Even 9
PRACH Sequence (1)
Firstly found by all available CS (in the order of increasing CS value) of a root ZC sequence with a logical
index
If 64 preamble sequences are not found, remaining sequences are found in the root sequences with the
consecutive logical indexes until all the 64 preamble sequences are found
Preamble N ZC
format
0–3 839
4 139
PRACH Sequence (2)