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Name: _______________________________
Multiple Choice
1. How large is the Milky Way Galaxy?
A. It is the largest galaxy ever observed. B. It takes up over half of the known universe.
C. It cannot be measured or compared. D. It is very small when compared to the universe
2. Which of the following correctly ranks astronomical objects by size, starting with the smallest?
A. Earth, sun, solar system, galaxy, universe B. Sun, solar system, Earth, universe, galaxy
C. Universe, galaxy, solar system, Earth, sun D. Solar system, Earth, sun, universe, galaxy
3. Which of the following best compares the amount of empty space in the universe to the amount of space
galaxies occupy? Galaxies...
A. take up about half of the space. B. take up most of the room in space.
C. are less than half but more than a fourth of space. D. take up an extremely small amount of space.
4. Compared to our galaxy, how big is our solar system? The solar system is...
A. extremely tiny. B. about one-tenth of the galaxy.
C. about one-third of the galaxy. D. over half of the galaxy.
5. Our nearest star neighbor in space, Alpha Centauri, is four light years from Earth. Why will it be difficult to
visit?
A. It is very bright and hot. B. We are not sure exactly where it is.
C. There may be no planets near it. D. It is very far away.
8. Early astronomers thought that galaxies were single stars. Why was this mistake easy to make?
A. Galaxies are so far away that they look like a single star.
B. Galaxies are made of stars that you can only see one at a time.
C. Light from galaxies collects into a single beam.
D. Earth is small and galaxies are much larger.
11. Why is it summer in the Southern Hemisphere when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere? The Southern
Hemisphere is
A. closest to the sun.
B. receiving the most direct rays from the sun.
C. on a path of warm winds from the North.
D. balancing out the temperatures for Earth.
14. In what month would K-W experience the same amount of light and dark hours
A. January
B. June
C. September
D. December
15. Which of the following statements best describes how the planets of the solar system formed?
A. They are condensed rings of matter thrown off by the young Sun.
B. They are the remains of an exploded star once paired with the Sun.
C. The Sun captured them from smaller, older nearby stars.
D. They formed from a nebular cloud of dust and gas.
16. Which planet was formed from the light gases of the outer solar nebula?
A. Mars B. Mercury
C. Venus D. Uranus
18. Fusion is a form of nuclear reaction resulting in an enormous release of heat energy. The fusion of
hydrogen to helium is a reaction that commonly occurs in
A. the sun and other typical stars. B. the ionosphere and thermosphere.
C. Earth’s outer Core of molten iron D. a Comet’s tail of ionized gases
19. The Surfaces of planet mercury and our moon contain some very large craters that are most likely the
result of
A. giant lava flows. B. asteroid impacts.
C. nuclear explosions. D. large collapsed caves.
20. The Sun is an average yellow star in the Milky Way galaxy, which is described as
A. a dwarf galaxy B. a spiral galaxy
C. an elliptical galaxy D. an irregular galaxy
22. Stars much more massive than our sun begin their lives very similarly; however, they end quite
differently. How would one of these massive stars (more than 10X bigger) end its life?
A. red giant B. white dwarf
C. neutron star D. all of the above
23. Which of the following units are in the correct order from largest to smallest?
A. Light year, AU, km B. Light year, km, AU
C. km, light year, AU D. km, AU, light year
25. Doppler shift is something used to tell if a star is moving towards or away from the Earth. Which shift
is evidence the Universe is expanding?
A. Red shift B. Blue shift
C. Green shift D. Yellow shift
28. Why have planets orbiting other stars not been directly observed?
A. they are too dim B. They are too far away
C. They are too small D. All of the above
33. How does light from most distant galaxies differ from light from closer galaxies?
A. It is dimmer. B. It is more red-shifted.
C. It is more likely to have been altered by gravitational effects. D. all of the above
34. Which scientist was the first to find evidence that the universe is expanding?
A. Galileo Galilei B. Albert Einstein
C. Edwin Hubble D. Stephen Hawking
35. What theory was strengthened by the discovery of the microwave background radiation?
A. the Big Bang theory B. the Steady State theory
C. the general theory of relativity D. all of the above
Matching section
_____ an icy object that travels in orbit around the Sun a) meteor
_____ a small rocky object in space b) meteorite
_____ a bright streak of light caused by an object falling through c) meteoroid
the Earth’s atmosphere
_____ a piece of space debris that reaches the ground d) comet
_____ a piece of space debris that is trapped by the Earth’s e) asteroid
gravity and is pulled into the Earth’s atmosphere
___________________________________________________________________________
3. The distance from the Sun to Jupiter is 5.19 A.U. The distance from the Sun to Uranus is
19.13 A.U. Calculate the distance from Jupiter to Uranus in km. 1 A.U. = 150 000 000 km.
4. (a) What are some of the challenges of living and working in space?
(c) Which planet is most likely to next be explored directly by humans on a space mission?
5. Use the spectral patterns provided to determine the contents of the unknown stars.
6. List the stages of the formation of a solar system according to the solar nebula theory.
7. Describe starting from its formation to its final end the lifecycle of a star 25 solar masses
bigger than our Sun.
a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
c.