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1. Define nucleon.
5. Describe how you calculate the number of neutrons of an isotope from its mass number(A) and its atomic
number(Z).
8. Give the element symbol of and the number of electrons in a neutral atom of:
Uranium _____________________________
Boron _____________________________
Chlorine _____________________________
Iodine _____________________________
Xenon _____________________________
10. If you know ONLY the following information can you ALWAYS determine what the element is? (Yes/No)
a. Number of protons ____________________________
b. Number of neutrons ___________________________
c. Number of electrons in a neutral atom ___________________________
d. Number of electrons _________________________
K 40 19
38 38 52
F 10
20 41 18
50 50 72
131
I
26
Mg
109 47 46
1 2 1
36
S
26 23 32
27
Al
2 4 2
Cr 53
1. Draw the structure of the Bohr atom and label all the parts. Include the energy levels with their n values.
2. If the energy of the lowest energy state of the Bohr atom is n=1 what energy does the electron have in
this level? How much energy does it take to just ionize a Bohr atom where the electron is in the n=1 state?
3. Do the positions of the energy levels change among the three hydrogen isotopes proteum, deuterium and
tritium?
2. Ionization, vaporization, deflection, acceleration, and detection are the steps in getting a mass spectrum
but placed in random order. Place the steps in the correct order.
4. Why are relative atomic masses used and why is 12C used as a standard?
5. Please use the following table to calculate the average atomic mass of chlorine.
6. a)Use the following table to calculate the average atomic mass of Neon.
Isotope % Abundance Mass (amu)
20
Ne 90.48 19.992
21
Ne 0.27 20.993
22
Ne 9.25 21.991
b) What is the mass of a mole of Neon which contains all these isotopes of Ne?
23
7. 11 Na is the only form of sodium that exists. It has a mass of 22.989amu. What is the atomic mass of
elemental Na in amu and what is the mole mass of sodium.
226
1. Rn → _____ + α
131
3. I → 131Xe + _____
4. 81Rb + e → _____
238
5. U → _____ + α + 2 e
6. How does gamma radiation change the atomic number and/or mass number of a nucleus?
Electronic Structure of the Atoms.
7. When or under what conditions are a particles emitted from an atom. What is the symbol of an alpha
particle?
8. When or under what conditions are b particles emitted from an atom. What is the symbol of a beta
particle?
Electron Structure
1. Draw the Bohr model for hydrogen with a single electron. Show the n=1, n=2, n=3 energy levels
with the electron in the first or lowest level. Label the diagram.
Li Ar Na Na+ Cl-
2. Use the diagram above to draw the electron configuration of Li, Ar and Na to the right side of the
page.
3. Use the diagrams above for Li, Ar, and Na and write the symbolic notation for the electron structure
of Na, Ar, and Na. Example: 3Li is 1s22s1 .
4. Use the diagram above to draw the electron configuration of the ions: Na+ and Cl- also to the right
side of the page.
5. Use the diagrams above for Li, Ar, and Na and write the symbolic notation for the electron structure
of Na+, and Cl-.