1

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGRAOUND

Introduction

Cosmetics is defined by Merriam- Webster Dictionary as “of relating to, or

making for beauty especially of the complexion “It often includes substance such

as a cream, lotion, or power that one of the most common cosmetics among

women is make-up. According to Scott (n.d) make up is femininity made tangible.

It can mean a lot of different things a lot of different women. For many, using

make-up is to explore and portray their own individuality.Cosmetics serve as a

strategy for getting acceptance from others and a symbol of the wearer’s

acceptance of society’s aesthetic norms for women. Makeup styles at any point

in history it enhance the self appearance of the wearer

Many women use make-up to amplify or enhance their features and

youthfulness. According to Edmonds (2011), make-up use can be observed as

early as the ancient Egyptians. They used cosmetics in the form of lead paint

toward of evil spirits and to deflect the sun. Some of them reason when that if

they look is good they will also feel good.

Cultural definitions of feminine beauty vary with regards to body size skin

complexion, hair length and color and the use of adornments (Rich and Cash

n.d.). With cosmetics comes the promise of change toward in this image. Many
 2

women may wear make-up with the belief that it will positively affect their

physical attractiveness.

Self-esteem can be considered a sort of measure of how much a person

“values, approves of appreciates, prize or like him or herself.” (Adler & Steward

2004. taking care of oneself is just one of the ways in improving self-esteem.

Numerous studies have been conducted oh how women compare

themselves to others and compare themselves to the ideal female. When a

woman observes their self in the mirror is what they use to measure their worth

as a human being. Furthermore, some women can be their own worst critics as

they look in the mirror: some women often tend to over think their appearance

and are often not accurate in assessment of their own appearance.

In 21st century most would agree that bathing on a daily basis, brushing ones

teeth, and other general bathroom habits become part of our cultural norm. It has

often been as assumption in today’s culture that it one does not take the time to

groom themselves properly, they are something wrong with them. It has become

a cultural norm in Luis Palad Integrated High School for women to wear make-

ups. It is an accepted process that women should wakeup in morening and,

along with traditional grooming habits, apply products to their face to disguise

blemished areas and enhance beautiful ones.

This research seeks to tackle the effects of using cosmetic products on the

students’ self-esteem. This study aims to determine whether the use of these

products ready to help them in improving their level of physical attractiveness.

 3

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of the study is to know the effects of cosmetic products to the

self-esteem of grade 10 student.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following problems:

1. What are the reasons for using cosmetic products?

2. How would you feel if you don’t wearing make-up?

3. How cosmetic products boost your self-esteem?

Conceptual Framework

Reasons Feelings Cosmetic

why when they products
wearing are not help to
cosmetic wearing boost the
products. self-
make-up.
confidence.

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework on how cosmetic product affect the self-esteem

According to makeup.com (2016) cosmetic product help to boost our

confidence this one is pretty self-explanatory. We are drawn to some facial

features more than others, the world what you and when we are able to highlight
 4

those parts, we feel like we putting our best face forward. Use makeup to show

the world what you want it to see as we haven’t stressed that enough. The

factors that the wearer feel if their are wearing make-up they feel more beautiful

and confidently face the people around them. A Conceptual paradigm showing

that how cosmetic products affect the students’ self-esteem. The conceptual

paradigm shows the process on how the researchers measured the effect of

cosmetic products to the self-esteem of respondents.

Significance of the study

The output of the study will be significant to the following:

To the Student, to providing them the information that cosmetic product can

help to boost their self-confidence.

The outcome of the study is beneficial to the present researchers, in

providing them the information on what skills and competency will they need to

improve.

To the future researchers, this may set as the basis that a new theory in

learning will arise. It may be used in reference or guidelines for their success.
 5

Scope and Delimitation

This study focus on the how cosmetic products affects the self-esteem of the

students’. The participants of this study was grade 10 students who are only

enrolled in Luis Palad Integrated High School SY: 2018-2019 with the total of 15

students who was use the cosmetic products. This study was started on June

2018 until October 2018.

The researchers also determine what the effect of cosmetic products in their

self-esteem is.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined as conceptually or operationally:

Adornments it can make the person more attractive.

Ancient Egyptians is the time that the cosmetic products use.

Beauty is a attractiveness of facial features thath sign of an acceptable looks.

Complexion is an apperance of the skin.

Cosmetic Products are the substances that can be applied to various parts of

human body such as skin, hair, lips, and nails to clean them, improve their

appearance or keep them in good condition.

Cultural is a social behavior that defined the way of a group of people life.
 6

Self-Esteem is an attitude towards the self that can be favorable or unfavorable.

It is how one value, accept and appreciate her or him.

Self-Confidence is about one’s trust in her or himself, particularly in his/her

talents, abilities, personality and ways to overcome a challenge.

 7

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents relevant literature and research findings that

support the consistency and reliability of the study.

HISTORY OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS

According to the study of Silverio, (2009), Cosmetics have been used for

thousand of years to improve the body appearance of a person. While cosmetics

have change a throughout time, beginning with the rudimentary use of natural

ingredients. It has been used at times for the religious reason and to protect to

the bad elements. Over the years make up has been worm by both men and

womens, but in today s’ society it is mostly women that wear cosmetic product on

daily lifes. It is not uncommon for people to think that a person who more

attractive has more self-confidence or more desirable to the opposite sex.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COSMETIC PRODUCTS AND SELF-

ESTEEM

Many Indian women suffer from foor body image and low self-confidence

wearing make-up is something they can do to quickly and temporarily change

appearance, thus increase confidence. According to Rajajayakumar M et al

 8

(2016) the majority of the study of Manivel on women and their self-esteem have

histocally been related to how feel about their body shape and size. However, not

much attention has been given to a particullar action women can take to improve

their self-confidence applying cosmetics. Manivel founds that many may wear

make up with the belief that it will positive affect their level of physical

attractiveness. Make-up holds the possibility for a women to personally transform

herself, resulting in an increasing the self-confidence. A girls initial

exprimentation with cosmetics is in early adolesence towards developing a

feminine identity, through the useof cosmetic products it may help to boost a

women self-confidence in her apperance, thus making her more self assured

ideas that confidence is achieved when physical apperance matches the

situation.

YOUNG USER OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS

According to Davis, (2013) many of women began wearing cosmetic

products at different periods of lifes such as lipgloss or nail polish at young age

and they enjoyed wearing those products. Davis found in the age of 13 or 14 for

other it was lateraround in he age of 16. The women revealed that participants

sought to wear cosmetics because they were in moving into a teen years, and

other family members introduce them to wear cosmetics.

The participants remembered that their mother helped them to understand

the use of cosmetic products by taking them to make up counters to learn the
 9

proper way to wear make-up and to correct amount to apply. In the use of many

cosmetic products at a young age and wanted to experiment with different

products because their family member were wearing cosmetics.(Davis,2013).

Many of women believed that cosmetic products gave them to an extra

confidence. They didn’t need to wear to feel pretty ,(Davis,2013). However

psychological tension was revealed with the women saying they are pretty

without wearing it. The women identified themselves as a woman, and cosmetics

gave them the sense of worthiness, (Schmitt & Allik, 2005). Davis found during

the interview it not prompt the women to talk about self comparison with others,

perhaps reducing discussion.

PSYCHOLOGICAL MOTIVATION ON WOMEN USE COSMETICS

The existing literature considers cosmetic usage from varied angles.

Robertson, Fieldman & Hussey, (2008). looked at how women’s personality trails

predicted their use of cosmetics. The aim of this study was to understand the

psychological mativations on why women used cosmetics. In the use of cosmetic

products it was associated with trail.

Fieldman & Hussey found that , 16% of the respondents are women felt

unattractive when they not wearing cosmetics, 14% felt self-concious without

make-up, 14% felt naked without make-up, and 3% of women felt more attractive

without make-up. Moreover, 27% of the women reported wearing make-up since

they were 13 years old. The age which young adolesence tend to start maturing
 10

physically and become more aware of their apperance. This data indicated that

the vast maturity of women feel that wearing make-up enhances their

apperance and it is normal and accepted in spciety to change one’s self.

However, Adrienne Ressler, the Renfrew Center’s national training director and

body image expert, started that “there is concern, however, when make up no

longer becomes a tool for enhancement but rather a security blanklet, whivh

conceals negative feelings about one’s self, self-image, self-esteeem.” (Renfrew,

2012, para. 3).

WOMEN FELT MORE ANXIOUS WHEN WEARING MAKE-UP

According to Kaplan, (2015), four Caucasian, college age women were asked

to change up their make-up when going to class and going out with friends. At

the beginning of the experiment, the women were told to wear the make-up they

would normally wear both to school and when going out with friends. When

wearing make-up women are able to cover up imperfections and highlight certain

points in their face, which make them feel more confident.

Kaplan founds that the women felt more anxious when wearing make-up

period. They felt more confident when they wore going out make-up both to class

and to a party. The author of the article seems to think that reason that the

women felt the most confident when wearing going out make up to a party is

because they were distracted and not thinking about their appearance. It is also
 11

said that the women felt second most confident when wearing going out make-up

to class because they had the time to sit in class and think about their

appearance. It is also important to note that the participants were hyper focused

on their appearance during this experiment, which could have thrown off the

natural anxiety levels a bit.

APPEARANCE CAN HAVE AN IMPACT ON SELF-ESTEEM

According to Doyle (2017) for some people going make up free isn’t an

option, for others it’s no big deal. In 2015, when I first began to challenge myself

to not wear make-up it was extremely difficult. My appearance related anxiety

began when I was very young. At about 12 years of age I started wearing make-

up and at 15 I developed a mild eating disorder. My appearance has always

affected my self-esteem, and not in a good way!

When I left my job to start a business I began to feel vulnerable and exposed. I

turned to red heals, straight hair and concealer to give me frequently needed

boosts in confidence. Make-up became a part of my every day ritual and I rarely

put myself out there unless "I had my face on".

I began to need make-up and this made me feel uncomfortable. My job is to

help women develop a healthy sense of self and confidence and I was beginning

to discover that make-up was a massive barrier preventing so many women from

increasing their self-esteem and feeling truly beautiful.

 12

I wanted to explore what it would be like to become my own body image

advocate which, for me, meant I that I would treat myself in the same way I would

treat my future daughter or best friend – with love and kindness. It meant that I

would try to be the woman that I was searching for on Instagram - a woman who

was comfortable with her appearance, less self-conscious and more

compassionate.

Outward appearance can have an impact on our self-esteem, but I was

beginning to crave something so much deeper. Often times, we don’t even

realize how much it affects us until we are not wearing it. Our personal reasons

for wearing make-up will all be different. Some women will choose to wear it

because of how it makes them feel, some women will wear it for other people,

some use it as a creative outlet, passion or source of joy but some women will

wear it because they think their face looks better with it.

Women who are more self-conscious may tend to wear more makeup, and

judge them to be more attractive when wearing makeup, so they might act more

confidently and the people they interact with may respond to that confidence in a

more positive way. This self-fulfilling prophecy may reinforce the belief that we

look better (are better!) when we wear make-up.

However, in saying this if putting on makeup makes you feel less self-conscious

or relieves any appearance related anxiety than I think it is OK to use this boost

to kick start your confidence building journey. However, for A LOT of women we

use (and rely) on make-up to hide our perceived flaws and present perfectly
 13

curated versions of ourselves and this is where we begin to develop negative

associations to make-up.

Forming an unhealthy relationship to make-up will only steer you further and

further away from truly connecting with your authenticity, value and worth. A

sense of self that cannot be found with concealer, mascara and bronzer. A sense

of self, freedom and confidence unlike anything you have hoped for is bare

faced, raw and unedited.

Your self-esteem is not contingent upon make-up and your capacity to feel (and

be!) beautiful extends far beyond perfectly contoured cheeks, fluttering eye

lashes and full lips.

THE SELF-ESTEEM SOCIETY

According to Steventon (2017) the cosmetics industry plays a part in the

discussion in society of self-esteem. By helping people make the best of

themselves, it helps them feel good, too. The contributory factors to self-esteem

are complex and far-reaching. In 2004, the Cosmetic, Toiletry and Perfumery

Association (CTPA) commissioned research into the significance of self-esteem

and its relevance to our working lives. From this, an independent report, “The

Self-Esteem Society,” was released. This highlighted self-esteem as the lifeline

for modern living that lies at the heart of success in modern societies.
 14

The report also argues that self-esteem is more important today than ever

before. By analysing a range of influences including family, financial status and

appearance, the report showed that we as a society lead increasingly open-

ended lives with fewer universal values. People are responsible for creating their

own individuality; however, our society has high aspirations and our self-

confidence is regularly tested as we struggle to meet the standards we create for

ourselves. To advance research in this area, interdisciplinary teams can bring

new, different and thought-provoking perspectives.

DOES WEARING COSMETIC PRODUCT HURT SELF-ESTEEM

According to Pennington (2016) The New York Times published – on its

“room for debate” page – a collection of essays by authors with various

viewpoints about makeup and self-esteem. As would be expected in such a

collection, the authors include a couple of makeup artists, some writers and

research scientists who’ve written on beauty and women’s issues, and the lone

heterosexual male who loves his wife both with and without makeup.

But it’s not the coverage that’s ranking me – there’s something offensive

about the topic itself, and the sheer amount of press coverage it gets. Even with

a pro-feminist bias, there’s something paternalistic (or maybe materialistic) about

most discussion about women, cosmetics, and self-esteem.

It starts with the title: “Does Makeup Hurt Self-Esteem?” Even if humans

have been wearing face and body paint since we learned that we could grind
 15

pigment and apply it, in the modern West its women who wear most of the

makeup. So when we’re having the discussion about makeup, we’re talking

about “women’s” vanity.

And yes – we women do have vanity. And insecurities and yes, we may enhance

our beauty – or hide our insecurities – with makeup. But if women like beauty

products, we are assumed to be running around every minute of every day

chasing the airbrushed perfection of Maybelline models, when in fact we’re

usually just getting dressed for the day. And we’re also assumed to be so naive

that we can’t see that all this stuff is optional. Or maybe we’re only doing it to

please that ogre of a sexist pig we fell in love with.

Somehow the majority of grown men are assumed to be smart enough to

navigate the excesses of consumerism, vanity, and status to proper self-

expression. But grown women are assumed to be far more vulnerable. And with

beauty we’re expected to take sides – to choose between acting as vain victims

or savvy abstainers. It’s the virgin whore complex all over again, carried over into

makeup. Even though woman carries of “vanity of virtue”. But let’s stop picking

on women as the only possible insecure – or vain – creatures on the planet, shall

we? Yes, everyone makes certain judgments about people whose grooming

choices are different than theirs. Just as we judge the guy with the sports car. But

can we allow that the person might be in on the game? Even though she’s a

woman?
 16

MAKE-UP DOESN’T DAMAGE THE SELF-ESTEEM

According to Moussa (2016) some would argue that make-up empowers

woman, others would say it’s holding them back from true equality. Some would

say that makeup does increase the competence of woman being accepted in a

work place. If makeup has indeed become the status quote in the public realm

does it ultimately damage a woman’s Self Esteem, or elevate it? The answer is

that make up doesn’t really damage a woman’s Self Esteem at all. A woman

applying a make-up is sort of like a man donning Armor to prepare himself for a

battle. Make up is to use to boost a woman’s confidence and believe in her own

beauty.

Confidence is a good thing to have a battle field. It helps a woman to exude

the best possible a version herself. And I gave quote. “Looking good leads to

feeling good, feeling good to empowerment –Scott Barnes. When a girl gives you

her best face forward, it helps her to accelerate in life by having confidence and

knowing that she looks perfect and fine as she has always been. Make up

doesn’t damage a woman’s Self Esteem. It does indeed help her gain confidence

about herself and feel precious among everyone around her by how unique she

looks like.
 17

EXPOSURE TO BEAUTY-ENHANCING PRODUCTS IN ADVERTISEMENT

LOWERED CONSUMERS

According to Twist (2010) the authors conducted four experiments to

examine the different meanings consumers gleaned from products that were

advertised versus not advertised. In one study, the authors exposed female study

participants to either a beauty-enhancing product (eye shadow, perfume) or a

problem-solving product (acne concealer, deodorant).The product was either

embedded in an advertisement (with a shiny background and a fake brand name)

or it was depicted against a neutral white background. "After exposure to the

advertised beauty-enhancing products consumers were more likely to think about

themselves than when they viewed the same products outside of their

advertisements."

What's more, those advertisements affected how consumers thought about

themselves. "After viewing an advertisement featuring an enhancing product

consumers evaluated themselves less positively than after seeing these products

when they appeared without the advertising context," the authors write. The

same effect did not show up when the items were problem-solving products. Ads

for beauty-enhancing products seem to make consumers feel that their current

attractiveness levels are different from what they would ideally be. "Consumers

seem to 'compare' themselves to the product images in advertisements, even

though the advertisement does not include a human model," the authors write.

"Exposure to beauty-enhancing products in advertisements lowered consumers'

self-evaluations, in much the same way as exposure to thin and attractive model
 18

in advertisements has been found to lower self-evaluations," the authors

conclude.

MAKE-UP EMPOWER WOMEN

According to Wang (2013) The New York Times recently posted an interesting

op-ed debate on whether makeup is good or bad for a woman’s self-esteem, and

now I find that I’m asking myself those same questions: Does makeup empower

women by giving us the ability to enhance our appearance, or do we wear it

because we’re trying to mask underlying insecurities? makeup advocates say

that it can have mood-boosting and downright transformative powers, citing red

lipstick as a classic example. On the side of the semi-detractors, there’s Phoebe

Baker Hyde, who recently penned a book about how she spent a year not

wearing makeup. Hyde argues that makeup is harmful when women

feel obligated to wear it in order to gain professional status and meet social

norms. She frames women’s relationship with makeup as a form of dependency:

“What if she’d lose her job, her partner’s affections, or public credibility as sane—

not to mention her teenage daughter’s respect—without it?” Hyde certainly has a

point. I’ve written before about a study showing that women who wear makeup

are perceived as more competent and likable, a finding that could be linked to

workplace success. I agree with Hyde that, in an ideal world, makeup should

never be a barometer for a women’s professionalism or abilities.

 19

MAKE-UP INTENTION IS TO ENHANCE THE APPERANCE

According to Lee & Oh (2017) make-ups covers facial and enhance one’s

self- confidence and intrapersonal relations. Not only does it serve as clothing for

the face. Make up has become a medium that connects human emotion. The

study conducted a research on fifth and sixth grade girls to analyse makeup with

the intention of appearance enhancement. In other words, the purpose of the

research is to elucidate how psychological traits may affect makeup involvement

and satisfaction. The research that will conduct a survey among fifth and sixth

grade girls in elementary school in Busan from November 20th of 2017 to the

30th. A total of 250 copies of the survey were distributed, and 231 copies were

collected. With The exclusion of 16 incomplete surveys. 215 copies were

analysed. The data analysis was carried out using the SPSS i8.o program: factor

analysis, regression analysis, and frequency analysis were also conducted.

First, Self Esteem had two factors, positive and negative self-esteem.

Makeup involvement had two factors, please pursuit and trend pursuit. Makeup

satisfaction had one factor.

Second, after analysing the effects of self-esteem on make- up satisfaction in

make-up involvement, negative self-esteem showed positive (+) results, while

positive self-esteem showed no effect. As to the effects of self –esteem on trend

pursuit, positive self-esteem showed positive (+) result, while negative self -

esteem showed negative (-) result.

 20

Third, after analysing the effects of self- esteem on make-up satisfaction,

negative self -esteem showed positive (+) results, while positive self-esteem

showed no effect.
 21

Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

As it is indicated in the tittle, this chapter includes the research

methodology of thee desertion. In more details in this part the researchers

outlines the research design, research sample, research locale, research

instrument, data gathering procedure, and data analysis.

Research Design

The research design employed. This study was a qualitative

phenomenology method. With the help of an interview guide, one-on-on

interview were conducted to obtained information about how cosmetic products

affect the students self-esteem.

Research Locale

The study was conducted in Brgy. Ipilan Tayabas City, specifically at

Luis Integrated High School. Since the respondents will be the Grade 10

students.
 22

Research Sample

The participants of this study was limited only to grade 10 students who

enrolled in Luis Palad Integrated High School SY:2018-2019 with the total of 15

students who use cosmetic products. Who was selected through purposive

sampling method.

Research Instrument

In order to gather information on the strategies, results and contributions

of the effect of cosmetic product on student self-esteem, the researchers utilized

an interview guide as a research instrument.

Data Gathering Procedure

The study involved the clear description of strategies use by the

researchers. The researchers was discuss a brief introduction about this study.

Prior that the researchers prepared a detailed interview guide about the effect of

cosmetic products on students self-esteem. Then, the researchers was secured

the necessary permits from the school to conduct a research. After that the

researchers was go to the chosen respondents to have a interview. Nine

interviews were recorded to accurately documented responses and the other

interviews were documented through questionnaire since some participants

refused to be recorded for personal reason.

 23

Data Analysis

The main data techniques use in this study was semi-structured interview

and all the interview record was transcribed. Then the interview responses was

categorized into groups using coding. Also content analysis techniques was also

used to make a comparisons and association from the various respondents.

 24

Chapter IV

RESULT & DISCUSSION

This chapter present the result & discussion of the gathered data from the

respondents. The purpose of this study was to find the effect of cosmetic product

to the students’ self-esteem.

Guide Question No.1: Do you use make-up?

Yes
100%

Figure 2. The diagram show that the respondent are using cosmetic products

Based on the finding, with the average of 100% all of the respondents said yes

they all using cosmetic products.

 25

Agree
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Figure 2.1

All of the respondent respond that they are wearing cosmetic products.
 26

Guide Question No.2: What brand of make-up do you use?

Maybelline
11%
Careline
11% Ever Bilena
Kylie 42%
5%
Huda Beauty
5% Key
Mary
5%
Anything
21%

Figure 3. Brand of cosmetic products that the respondent use

Based on the finding, the commonly use of the respondents is Ever bilena

with the total of 42%, 21% are using Any kinds of brands of cosmetic product, 5%

are using Mary Key same as the Huda Beauty and Kylie, 11% are using

Carelline same as the Maybelline.

 27

Everbilena Anything Maybeline Mary Careline Huda Kylie

Key Beauty
Everbilena Anything Maybeline Mary Careline Huda Kylie
Key Beauty
Everbilena Anything Maybeline
Everbilena Anything
Everbilena I used
various
brands of
cosmetic
s but
typically I
use local
products.
Everbilena
Everbilena
Everbilena

Figure 3.1 Brand of cosmetic products that the respondent use

Based on the table above 7 respondents are using Everbilena, 4 respondents are

using any brand of cosmetic products, 2 respondents are using Maybeline, 1

respondent is using Mary Key, 1 respondent is using Careline, 1 respondent is

using Huda Beauty and 1 respondent is using Kylie.

 28

Guide Question No. 3: How often do you use make up?

Seldom
7%

Sometimes
20% Always
40%

Undicided
33%

Figure 4. Cosmetic products use

Based on the finding, 40% of the respondents are always wearing make-

up, 20% are sometime wearing it, 33% are if they want to use it and the other 7%

are undecided.

Always Undecided Sometimes Seldom

Everyday If I want to use it. Sometimes Twice a week.
Everyday If I want to use it. Sometimes
Everyday Special occations. Sometimes
Everyday If I want to use.
I often use make- If I want to use
up
Everyday
Figure 4.1 Cosmetic products use

Based on the table above, 6 respondents are always wearing cosmetic products,

5 respondents are undecided, 3 respondents are sometimes using it, and 1

respondent is twice a week.

 29

Guide Question No. 4: What do you feel if you are using make-up?

Positive
13%
None
7%

Beautiful Confident
20% 60%

Figure 5. The feelings of the respondents if there are wearing make-up

Based on the findings, 60% of the respondents are feeling confident if

their are wearing make-up, 20% are felling beautiful, 13% are feeling positive,

and the other 7% are feel nothing.

 30

Confident Beautiful None Positive

When I wearing If I have a make-up I I feel nothing When I use
make-up I feel felt relaxed because I when I use it. cosmetic
confident and it keeps love what I do. products I feel
my face fresh and not happy.
haggard at all the
time.
I feel confident when I Everytime I put make- If I have a
have make-up. up on my face, I feel make-up I felt
fresh. relaxed
because I love
what I do.
I feel that using make- I feel beautiful when I
up gives me confident putting make-up only
look. face.
When I’m using make-
up I feel confident.
When I use make-up I
feel confident.
I always feel confident
when I use make-up.

When I use make-up

it helps me to
increase my self-
assurance to my
physical appearance.
When I’m wearing
make-up it helps me
to feel confident and I
feel presentable
looks.
I feel confident
because when I’m
wearing it I think I
have a presentable
looks.
Figure 5.1 The feelings of the respondents if there are wearing make-up

Based on the table above, 9 respondents are feeling confident if their

wearing cosmetic products, 3 are felling beautiful, 2 are feeling positive, and the

other 1 are feel nothing.

 31

Guide Question No.5 Does Using Make-Up Give You Confidence? Why?

No
0%

Yes
100%

Figure 6. Cosmetic products helps to provide confidence

Based on the findings, with the average of 100% cosmetic products

provide self-confidence to the wearer.

 32

Confident

Yes, because when I using make-up it help me to feel that I am beautiful

Yes, because it makes look fresh and make-up help me to hide my pale lip.

Yes, because when I'm wearing make-up I felt that I am beautiful.

Yes, when I attend on a special occasion it helps me to have a confident looks.

Yes, because cosmetic product can make my look fresh.

Yes, because beauty Product can help me to cover the pares of my face.

Yes, everytime that I, wear make-up I feel that I am beautiful.

Yes, because make-up can give me a fresh look.

Yes, because make-up can hide all the dark spot and it can change my looks.

Yes, because cosmetic products it makes me look good and it also develop us.

Yes, because it gives me a confidence and it helps me to show my beauty.

Yes, because it helps me to have a good looks and also to enhance my

personality, because people nowadays people are just looking for physical

appearance.

Yes, because it’s one of things that can help me to have a confident look and

presentable looks.

Yes, because I feel confident when I use it.

Yes, because when it helps me to enhance my physical apperance and my self-

confidence

Figure 6.1 Cosmetic products helps to provide confidence

Based on the the table above, all of the respondents says that cosmetic products

provide self-confidence to the wearer.

 33

Guide Question No.6: Benefits do you gain in using cosmetic products?

Benefits that gain in using cosmetic product

Confident
33%

Physical
appearance
67%

Figure 7. Benefits that gain in using cosmetic product

Based on the findings the benefits that the respondent gain in using

cosmetic products are 33% of them are gain confident, while the 67% are

enhance their self-appearance.

 34

Physical appearance Confident

The benefits that I gain when I use Cosmetic products helps me to boost
cosmetic products it helps me to my confident.
enhance my physical appearance and
to have a presentable look.
It makes my look good. I gain confidence when I use it.
It whitens and glow my skin. It make me feel confident.
Cosmetic products help me to glow my When I use it I feel more confident.
skin.
It helps to glow my skin and to hide my It helps me to have a confident looks.
pimples.
It can help me to have a good looks
because it can be use for making
money and entertaining clients.
It helps me to have a good look and to
develop myself.
Cosmetic products help me to enhance
my physical appearance because now
a days people are just looking for
physical appearance.
It help me to glow my skin.
It helps me to glow my skin and to hide
my pale lips.

Figure 7.1 Benefits that gain in using cosmetic product

Based on the table above, 10 respondents says that cosmetic products enhance

their self-appearance, and 5 respondents are gain confidence.

 35

Guide Question No. 7: If you are not allowed to use make up, how would

you feel? Why?

None
7%
Neutral
13%

Dissapointed
53%
Agree
27%

Figure 8.The feelings of the respondents if their are not allowed to use make-up

Based on the finding, if the respondents are not allowed to use cosmetic

products 53% of the respondents are feeling disappointed, 27% are it is okay for

them to not wearing it, 13% are feel neutral, and the other 7% feel nothing.
 36

Agree Disagree Neutral None

It’s okay for me If I am not allowed to use If I am not allowed When I'm
because I can live make-up I feel sad to use it I would be not allowed
without it. because using make up neutral because like to use it I
is my everyday routine, if I said, I am not a feel
it would be taken away type of person who nothing.
from me I might loss my can live without it.
confidence.

It is okay for me if I may When I may not allow Disappointed

not allow to use it using it I felt sad because it is a part
because is just a lip tint because I feel that I don't of a life of a
and I can go without it. be pretty anymore. millennial. But it can
be also good for us
because we are a
student’s so as a
student’s we need
to follow and
respect the school
rules.
If I am not allowed to If I'm not allowed to use
use make-up it is okay make-up I feel empty.
for me because I can go
without make-up of my
face and I feel more
beautiful without it.
For me it is okay I felt disappointed
because there are so because make-up is the
many ways to show my only that can boost my
beauty. confidence.
It is okay for me I feel sad if I may not
because I can live allow using it because I
without it. do not feel pretty
anymore.
When if I'm not to use it I
feel uncomfortable
because it is part of my
everyday life.
If I am not allowed to
wear make-up it can
decrease my confidence.
Figure 8.1 The feelings of the respondents if there are not allowed to use make-
up
Based on the table above, 5 respondents are agree if their are not allowed to use

cosmetic products, 7 respondents are disagree, 2 respondents are feeling

neutral, and 1 respondents feel nothing.

 37

Chapter V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, & RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Findings

The purpose of this study was to know how cosmetic products affect the

self-esteem of the students’. This study specifically focused on gaining

information from the selected grade 10 students of Luis Palad Integrated High

School SY: 2018-2019 through the help of questionnaire and one-on-on interview

to know if the wearer boosts their confidence. Majority of the respondents’ reason

why there are using cosmetic products it can boost their self-confidence and

enhance their physical appearance. When they are not allowed to use cosmetic

products feel uncomfortable and it can affect to their self-confidence. Majority of

them respond that when they are putting make-up on their face cosmetic

products help them boost. It may include that the cosmetic products provide to

the wearer a confidence.

Conclusion

It may conclude that the common reasons of wearing cosmetic products are

to boost the confidence of the users and it helps to increase the self-assurance

and physical appearance.

 38

It may include that the cosmetic products can provide a certain amount of

self-confidence to the wearer.

It may include that the cosmetic products boost the self-assurance and self-

confidence to the users.

Recommendation

1. Since the study focus only on the grade 10 of Luis Palad Integrated High

School, future researcher/s should be performing broad scale possibly

using multiple grades across the school. And also should be done in this

area comparing cultural background and its influence on the results since

the study was focused on primarily.

2. Since this study focused on junior high school students, future researchers

should be performed using participants of varying age and background.

3. Since the respondents of this study are the students, this study provides

the information that can help them to boost their self –confidence.

4. The outcome of the study is beneficial to the present researchers, in

providing them the information on what skills and competency will they

need to improve.
 39

References

Twist, M. (2010). How do beauty product ads affect cossumer self-esteem and
purchasing: Eurekalert! Retrieved on October 2018, retrieved from
http://¬www.eurekalert.org/¬-pubreleases/¬2010-10uucp- hdb14810.¬php

Steventon K. (2017). Building cosmetics to boost self-confidence: An

interdisciplinary approach. Retrieved on October 2018, retrieved from
http://cosmeticsandtoiteries.com/research/-methodsprocesess/building-
Cosmetics-To-Boost-Self-Confidence-anInterdiciplinary-approach-
40956085.html.

Jeddah. (2013). Does wearing makeup affect your self-esteem: Birch box.
Retrieved on October2018, retrieved from http://blog.birchbox.com/-
best/13959861062/does-wearingmakeup-affect-your-self-esteem.

Doyle,S. (2017) Make-up and it's affect on self esteem: The better life project .
Retrieved on October 2018, retrieved from http://thelatterlifeproject-
ie/blog/2w/8/28/make-up-anf-self-esteem.

Pennington,M. (2017). Does makeup hurt self-esteem? Is the new york times
sexiest for asking?: Wild beauty. Retrieved on October 2018, retrieved
from http://wildbeautyworld.com/2013/01/03/doesmake-up-hurt-self-
esteem-in-the-new-york-times-sexiest-for-asking/.

Jeddah. (2013). Does wearing makeup affect your self-esteem: Birch box.
Retrieved on October 2018, retrieved from http://blog.birchbox.com/-
best/13959861062/does-wearingmakeup-affect-your-self-esteem.

Britton,A. (2012). The beauty industry's influence on women in society: University

of how amphire-main campus.

Moussa, M. (2016). Does makeup hurt self esteem: Prezi. Retrieved on October
2018, retrieved on https//prezi.com/m/n52nlxxtoblaldoes-makeup-hurt-self-
esteem.
 40

Lee, Honjung, & Oh, Heesun (2017). The effects of self-esteem on makeup
involvement and makeup satisfaction among elementary students. Busan
Korea: Pukyong National University.

Amasa,W. Ambelu,A. Mekonen,S. & Santiago,D. (2012). Are cosmetics used in

developing countries safe? Used and Dermal irritation of body care
products in simma town, south western ethiopia. Journal of toxiology, 2012
(204830)doi:10.1155/2012/204830.

Iu, Y.(2011). How packaging designs of cosmetics affect female consumers

purchasing behavior? Arcada: International business.

Silverio, L. (2010). Makeup's effects on self-perception. Old Dominion University.

Diamond & Diamond (2009). The world of fashion (4th ed.). New York: Fairchild
Books Inc.

Krillov, A. (2008). Annual state of the cosmetics and toiletries industry. Retrieved
on October 2018, retrieved from
http://www.skininc.com/spabussiness/trends/20387014.html

Scott, S. (2015). Influence of cosmetic on the confidence of college women: An

explamatory study. America: Hanover College.

Rajajeyakumar M. et al.,(2016). Adolecent medicine and child psychology:

Conferenceseries.com. 19 (5).

Davis, C.(2013). Physical and psychological correlates of appearance

orientation. Personality and Individuals differeneces, 30 (2010),21-30.

Edmonds (2011). How makeup works.: How stuffworks.com, 31 May 2011. Web.
04 March 2014.
 41

Renfrew Center Foundation (2012). New survey Results Indicate There’s More to
Makeup Use Than Meets the Eye. Retrieved from
http://renfrewcenter.com/sites/default/files/press_release_pdfs/Barefaced%
20andBeautiful%20-%20FINAL.pdf.

Fieldman, Husse, & Robertson (2014). Who wear cosmetics? Individual

differences and their relationship with cosmetic usage.
Academia.edu.Buckinghamshire Childrens University College, n.d.

Appendix A
Communication
 42

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region 4-A CALABARZON
Province of Quezon
City Schools Division of Tayabas
LUIS PALAD INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
City of Tayabas City
September____, 2018

Dr.Gener C. Delos Reyes

Principal IV
Luis Palad Integrated High School

Dear Sir:

Greetings of Peace!

We, Jomar C. Daluraya, Deniel R. Lubiano and Merry Aubrey Z. Malaborbor are
grade 12 students of Luis Palad Integrated High School who are currently doing
a research on “Confidently Beautiful: Perceived Effects of Cosmetic
Products on Students' Self-Esteem.”

In this regard, we are requesting for permission from your good office to conduct
our study at Luis Palad Integrated High School through the facilitation of
student’s interviews and focus group discussion among grade 10 students of Luis
Palad Integrated High School.

We are sincerely hoping for your approval. God Bless You!

Thank you very much.

Respectfully Yours,
 43

JOMAR C. DALURAYA

DENIEL R. LUBIANO

MERRY AUBREY Z. MALABOBOR

(Researchers)

Noted By:

JOE VICTORIA B. DAELO

(Teacher, Practical Research 1)

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region 4-A CALABARZON
Province of Quezon
 44

City Schools Division of Tayabas

LUIS PALAD INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
City of Tayabas City
September ____, 2018

Luis Palad Integrated High School

Dear_________________________,

We, Jomar C. Daluraya, Deniel R. Lubiano and Merry Aubrey Z. Malaborbor are
grade 12 students of Luis Palad Integrated High School are currently doing a
research on “Confidently Beautiful: Perceived Effects of Cosmetic
Products on Students' Self-Esteem”. The study is a major requirement for
Practical Research 1. In this regard, we would like to solicit your permission to
interview you to learn more about the factors that influenced your chosen strand.

If you choose to participate in this study, we will schedule a time to meet you at
your most convenient time. During this time we would like to ask questions
concerning the how cosmetic products effect to your self-esteem. With your
permission, we would like to voice record the interview in order to focus on the
conversation. The recordings will be transcribed and we will remove any
identifiers during the transcription. The voice record will then be erased and your
identity will be kept confidential and will l not be revealed in the final manuscript.

We are thanking you in advance for your consideration to participate in this

study.

Respectfully Yours,
JOMAR C. DALURAYA
 45

DENIEL R. LUBIANO

MERRY AUBREY Z. MALABOBOR

(Researchers)

Noted By:

JOE VICTORIA B. DAELO

(Teacher, Practical Research 1)
 46

Appendix B
Instrument/Questionnaire

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region 4-A CALABARZON
Province of Quezon
City Schools Division of Tayabas
LUIS PALAD INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
City of Tayabas City
September____, 2018

Luis Palad Integrated High School

Good morning/Good afternoon___________________________. We, Jomar C.

Daluraya, Deniel R. Lubiano and Merry Aubrey Z. Malaborbor are grade 12
students of Luis Palad Integrated High School are currently doing a research on
“Confidently Beautiful: Perceived Effects of Cosmetic
Products on Students' Self-Esteem”. The objective of this study is to know the
effect of cosmetic products to their self-esteem.

OPENING QUESTION:
1. How old are you?
2. What is your section?
3. Where do you live?
4. What is your favorite subject?

CONTENT QUESTION:

1. Do you use make-up?

2. What brand of make-up do you use?
 47

3. How often do you use make-up?

4. What do you feel if you are using make-up?
5. Does using make-up give you confidence? Why?
6. What benefits do you gain in using cosmetic products?
7. If you are not allowed to use make-up, how would you feel? Why?

Thank you very much. We would like you to know that we are the only one who
will have access to this audio material and after the research, the content will be
erased.
 48

APPENDIX C
Data Collection

Guide Question No.1: Do you use make-up?

Agree
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Guide Question No.2: What brand of make-up do you use?

Everbilena Anything Maybelline Mary Careline Huda Kylie

Key Beauty
Everbilena Anything Maybelline Mary Careline Huda Kylie
Key Beauty
Everbilena Anything Maybelline
Everbilena Anything
Everbilena I used
various
brands of
cosmetic
s but
typically I
use local
products.
Everbilena
Everbilena
Everbilena
 49

Guide Question No. 3: How often do you use make up?

Always Undecided Sometimes Seldom

Everyday If I want to use it. Sometimes Twice a week.
Everyday If I want to use it. Sometimes
Everyday Special occations. Sometimes
Everyday If I want to use.
I often use make- If I want to use
up
Everyday
 50

Guide Question No. 4: What do you feel if you are using make-up?

Confident Beautiful None Positive

When I wearing make- If I have a I feel nothing When I use
up I feel confident and make-up I felt when I use it. cosmetic products
it keeps my face fresh relaxed I feel happy.
and not haggard at all because I love
the time. what I do.
I feel confident when I Everytime I If I have a make-
have make-up. put make-up up I felt relaxed
on my face, I because I love
feel fresh. what I do.
I feel that using make- I feel beautiful
up gives me confident when I putting
look. make-up only
face.
When I’m using make-
up I feel confident.
When I use make-up I
feel confident.
I always feel confident
when I use make-up.

When I use make-up it

helps me to increase
my self-assurance to
my physical
appearance.
When I’m wearing
make-up it helps me to
feel confident and I
feel presentable looks.
I feel confident
because when I’m
wearing it I think I
have a presentable
looks.
 51

Guide Question No.5 Does Using Make-Up Give You Confidence? Why?

Confident

Yes, because when I using make-up it help me to feel that I am beautiful

Yes, because it makes look fresh and make-up (liptint) help me to hide my pale

lip.

Yes, because when I'm wearing make-up I felt that I am beautiful.

Yes, when I attend on a special occasion it helps me to have a confident looks.

Yes, because cosmetic product can make my look fresh.

Yes, because beauty Product can help me to cover the pares of my face.

Yes, everytime that I, wear make-up I feel that I am beautiful.

Yes, because make-up can give me a fresh look.

Yes, because make-up can hide all the dark spot and it can change my looks.

Yes, because cosmetic products it makes me look good and it also develop us.

Yes, because it gives me a confidence and it helps me to show my beauty.

Yes, because it helps me to have a good looks and also to enhance my

personality, because people nowadays people are just looking for physical

appearance.

Yes, because it’s one of things that can help me to have a confident look and

presentable looks.

Yes, because I feel confident when I use it.

Yes, because when it helps me to enhance my physical apperance and my self-

confidence
 52

Guide Question No.6: Benefits do you gain in using cosmetic products?

Physical appearance Confident

The benefits that I gain when I use Cosmetic products helps me to boost
cosmetic products it helps me to my confident.
enhance my physical appearance and
to have a presentable look.
It makes my look good. I gain confidence when I use it.
It whitens and glow my skin. It make me feel confident.
Cosmetic products help me to glow my When I use it I feel more confident.
skin.
It helps to glow my skin and to hide my It helps me to have a confident looks.
pimples.
It can help me to have a good looks
because it can be use for making
money and entertaining clients.
It helps me to have a good look and to
develop myself.
Cosmetic products help me to enhance
my physical appearance because now
a days people are just looking for
physical appearance.
It help me to glow my skin.
It helps me to glow my skin and to hide
my pale lips.
 53

Guide Question No. 7: If you are not allowed to use make up, how would

you feel? Why?

Agree Disagree Neutral None

It’s okay for me because If I'm not allowed to use If I am not When I'm not
I can live without it. make-up I feel empty. allowed to use it allowed to
I would be use it I feel
neutral because nothing.
like I said, I am
not a type of
person who can
live without it.
It is okay for me if I may If I am not allowed to use Disappointed
not allow to use it make-up I feel sad because it is a
because is just a lip tint because using make up part of a life of a
and I can go without it. is my everyday routine, if millennial. But it
it would be taken away can be also
from me I might loss my good for us
confidence. because we are
a student’s so as
a student’s we
need to follow
and respect the
school rules.
If I am not allowed to use When I may not allow
make-up it is okay for me using it I felt sad because
because I can go without I feel that I don't be pretty
make-up of my face and I anymore.
feel more beautiful
without it.
For me it is okay I felt disappointed
because there are so because make-up is the
many ways to show my only that can boost my
beauty. confidence.
It is okay for me because I feel sad if I may not
I can live without it. allow using it because I
do not feel pretty
anymore.
When if I'm not to use it I
feel uncomfortable
because it is part of my
everyday life.
If I am not allowed to
wear make-up it can
decrease my confidence.
 54

APPENDIX E
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

Name: Jomar C. Daluraya

Birthday: November 11, 2000

Birthdayplace: Tayabas City

Permanent Address: Brgy. Silangang Palale Tayabas, City

Contact Number: 09296002507

Email Address: jomardaluraya@yahoo.com

Education Background

School/University Inclusive Date

Silangang Palale Elementary School 2012-2013

Luis Palad Integrated High School 2018-present

Skills: Having basic computer skills such as Power point, Microsoft Office- Word
and Excel

Ability to work in a fast- paced environment

 55

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

Name: Deniel R. Lubiano

Birthday: December 20, 2000

Birthdayplace: Lucena City

Permanent Address: Brgy. Lakawan Tayabas, City

Contact Number: 09561424284

Email Address: lubianodeniel@gmail.com

Education Background

School/University Inclusive Date

Lakawan Elementary School 2012-2013

Luis Palad Integrated High School 2018-present

Skills: Having basic computer skills such as Power point, Microsoft Office- Word
and Excel

Data analyzing

Having a time management

Planning skills
 56

Team work

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

1.75x1.75

colored picture

formal

Name: Merry Aubrey Z. Malaborbor

Birthday: July 20, 2000

Birthdayplace: Lucena City

Permanent Address: Brgy. Angeles Zone 2, Tayabas, City

Contact Number: 09469099121

Email Address: aubreymerrymalaborbor@gmail.com

Education Background

School/University Inclusive Date

Dalahican Elementary School 2012-2013

Luis Palad Integrated High School 2018-present

Skills: Ability to work in a fast- paced environment

Creative

Fast learner and have good communication skills

57