ASSIGNMENT:

2 TDC

Submitted to: Submitted By:

Ajay pal Singh Lalita Sharma
1701409
EE, 3rd sem
Q1. What do you mean by Audio Transformers?

Ans. Those Transformers which are designed to use in audio amplifiers applications for
coupling and impedance matching of amplifiers and speakers are audio transformers.
They work between 20hz to 20khz.

Q2. What do you mean by autotransformers?

Ans. It is a choice which is used to transfer electrical energy by the concept of conducting
and further magnetizing of a winding and contains only one winding.

Q3. What is the winding for which the supply is taken for load connections?

Ans. Secondary winding.

Q4. What is a Transformers?

Ans. It is a static device use to transfer electrical from one circuit to other circuit and
operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Q5. Is it possible to change three phase to two phase or vice versa with standard
transformers?

Ans. A transformer will not act as a phase changing device. However, circuit like
Scot connection are available to change 3 phase to 2 phase.

Q6. How does a Transformer work?

Ans. A transformer works on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Q7. What colour is used for dry type transformer?

Ans. Grey.

Q8. What is Corona and how does it affect dry type transformer?

Ans. Corona is a type of localised discharge resulting from transient gaseous ionization in
insulation systems when the voltage stress exceeds critical value. In dry type transformers,
corona results in the development of ionization of air which affects the insulation of
transformers.

Q9. What is polarity when associated with transformers?

Ans. Polarity is the instantaneous voltage obtained from the primary winding in relation
to the secondary winding. It is used only with single phase transformers.

Q10. What about balanced loading in 3 phase?

Ans. Each phase of a three phase transformers must be considered as a single phase
transformers, when determining loading. Example. A 45kva 3 phase transformers with
208/120 secondary is to service 4 loads at 120v single phase each. These loads are 10kva,
5kva,8kva and 4kva.

Q11. Draw equivalent circuit of Auto Transformer.

Ans.

Q12. What is a DC characteristic of DC generator?

Ans. The curve which gives the relation between field current (I f) and the generated voltage
(EO) in the armature on no load is called magnetic or open circuit characteristics of a Dc
generator.

Q13. What is the cause of failure to build up voltage in DC generator?

Ans. * The voltage will not build up if armature speed is less than critical speed.

*If resistance (field) is more critical resistance than the voltage will not build up.

*No residual magnetism.

Q14. Explain common parts of AC and DC generator?

Ans. Field system: To create a uniform magnetic field within which the armature rotates.
It contains yoke, pole cores, pole shoes, magnetizing coils.

Armature: It is rotating part of generator.

Commutator: To provide electrical connections between armature and external circuit.

Brushes: To collect current from commutator and supply to external load.

Shaft: To transfer mechanical power to the machine.

Q15. How does a DC generator used as a tachometer work?

Ans. The tachometer is used for measuring the rational speed or angular velocity. The emf is
induced when the shaft of generator is rotated with the help of external machine. The
Polarity of induced voltage determines the distortion of motion while voltmeter is used
to measure speed in this case.

Q16. What is meant by plugging?

Ans. The braking of a DC motor with the help of reverse current is called plugging.

Q17. How sparking at brushes are reduced in DC machines?

Ans. Clean the commutator.

Check that there is no uneven wear out of commutator and brush.

The sparking is due to inductive nature of winding.

Q18. What are three methods used for speed control of DC motors?

Ans. Flux control method.

Armature and Rheostat control method.

Series parallel control method.

Voltage control method.

Q19. Write the application of DC shunt motor?

Ans. DC shunt motor are used where constant speed is required as in Lathe machines,
centrifugal pumps, fans, blowers, lifts, conveyors, etc.

Q20. What is the need of commutations?

Ans. The need of commutation because it is the process in which generated alternating
current in the armature winding of DC machine is converted into DC after going through the
commutator and the stationary brushes.

Q21. Classify DC machines?

Ans. The DC machines are classified as:

Separately excited DC machines.

Self-excited DC machines.

Q22. Define braking in DC motor?

Ans. Braking is used to reduce the speed of motors. There are various types of motors and
so are the braking methods. The types are:

Plugging

Rheostat
Regenerative.

Q23. Application of DC series motor?

Ans. DC series motors are used where high \starting torque is required and in heavy duty
applications such as electric railways, rolling mills, mine hoists, cranes, etc.