111 Narayana

THE STRAIGHT LINE JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III
THE STRAIGHT LINE

 If  is an angle between two nonvertical lines
SYNOPSIS having slopes m1 , m2 then
Inclination of a line: m1  m 2
tan    , m1 m 2   1
1  m1 m 2
 If a line makes an angle   0      with
x-axis measured in positive direction then  is called 1 2 m m
i) If  is acute then tan   1  m m
inclination of the line. 1 2
i) Inclination of horizontal line is zero ii) If  is one angle between two lines then the
ii) Inclination of vertical line is  / 2 other angle is    . Usually the acute angle
Slope of a line: between two lines is taken as the angle
 If the inclination of a non vertical line is  then between the lines
tan  is called slope of the line and is usually
Intercept(s) of a line:
 If a line cuts x-axis at A(a, 0) and y-axis at B(0,b)
denoted by m, thus m  tan  then a and b are called x-intercept and
Y y-intercept of that line respectively
i) Intercept of a line may be positive or negative
or zero

ii) x-intercept of a horizontal line is not defined
O X iii) y-intercept of a vertical line is not defined
iv) Intercepts of a line passing through origin are
i) Slope of horizontal line (x-axis) is zero
zero.
  0 0
Equation of a straight line in various
ii) Slope of vertical line (y-axis) is not defined forms:
  90 0  i) Line parallel to x-axis: Equation of
horizontal line passing through (a,b) is y = a
iii)   00  m  0 ; 00    900  m  0 ii) Line parallel to y-axis: Equation of vertical
  900  m is not defined line passing through (a, b) is x = b
900    1800  m  0 iii) Slope - point form :The equation of the
line with slope m and passing through the point
 Slope of the line joining two points A( x1 , y1 ) ,
y 2  y1
 x1 , y1  is y– y1= m (x – x1)
B  x 2 , y 2  is m  x  x  x1  x2  W.E-2: If (3,-1),(2,4),(-5,7) are the mid points of the
2 1
sides BC , CA , AB of triangle ABC.
i) If x1=x2 then the line AB is vertical and
hence its slope is not defined Then the equation of the side CA is
Sol :Here m = – 1 and given point (x1 , y1) is (2, 4).
ii) If y1=y2 then the line AB is horizontal and By point slope form equation of the line is
hence its slope is 0 y – 4 = – 1 (x - 2)
 Two nonvertical lines are parallel if their slopes are iv) Two - point form :The equation of a line
equal. passing through two points
 Two non vertical lines are perpendicular if product
of their slopes is –1 A(x1, y1) and B  x2 , y2  is
W.E-1:The medians AD and BE of the triangle with  y  y1  x2  x1    x  x1  y2  y1 
vertices A(0,b), B(0,0) and C(a,0) are mutually
perpendicular if x y 1
x1 y1 1  0
  2b   b  (or)
Sol: AD  BE        1 ;  2b 2  a 2 x2 y2 1
 a  a 
52 NARAYANAGROUP
JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III THE STRAIGHT LINE
W.E-3: Equation of the diagonal (through the x + y = xo + yo
origin) of the quadrilateral formed by the lines d) Equation of the line making equal
x = 0, y = 0, x + y = 1 and 6x + y = 3 is intercepts in magnitude but opposite in sign and
passing through (xo,yo) is x – y = xo – yo
 2 3
Sol :Here  x1 , y1    0,0  ,  x2 , y2    ,  e) The equation of the line passing through the point
5 5 (x1, y1) and whose intercepts are in the ratio m : n
Using two-point form, the equation of the line is is nx+my=nx1+my1 (or) mx+ny=mx1+ny1
3x -2 y = 0 W.E-5: The sum of x,y intercepts made by the lines
v) Slope - Intercept form : x+y=a, x+y=ar, x+y=ar2 ...... on coordinate axes
a) The equation of the line whose slope is m and when r=1/2, a  0
which cuts an intercept ‘c’ on the y-axis is Sol: required sum
y = mx+c
= 2a  2ar  2ar 2  ......  infinite G.P 
Y = 2a/1-r = 4a
L
vii) General equation of line :
0, c  a) A linear equation in x and y always represents
O
X a line.
b) The equation of a line in general form is
a x + b y + c = 0 , where a , b , c are real
b) The equation of the line whose slope is m and numbers such that a 2  b 2  0 having slope
which cuts an intercept ‘a’ on the x-axis is =-a/b ,
y = m(x - a) x-intercept =-c/a , y- intercept =-c/b .
c) The equation of the line passing through t h e
origin and having slope m is y=mx c) The equation of a line parallel to
W.E-4: Equation to the straight line cutting off an ax  by  c  0 is of the form
intercept 2 from negative y axis and inclined at ax  by  k  0 , k  R .
30º to the positive direction of axis of x, is
Sol :Equation of line passing through (0,-2) and d) The equation of a line perpendicular to
1 ax  by  c  0 is of the form bx  ay  k  0 ,
having slope is 3y  x  2 3  0
3 k R
vi) Intercept Form :Suppose a line L e) Equation of a line passing through  x1 , y1  and
makes intercept on x-axis is a and on y-
x y (i) parallel to ax  by  c  0 is
axis is b then its equation is  1
a b a  x  x1   b  y  y1   0
a) If the portion of the line intercepted
between the axes is divided by the point (ii)Perpendicular to ax  by  c  0 is
(x1, y1) in the ratio m : n, then the equation
nx my b  x  x1   a  y  y1   0
of the line is x  y  m  n
1 1 viii) Normal form :
mx ny a) The equation of the straight line upon which
(or)   mn the length of the normal drawn from origin is 'p'
x1 y1
b) Equation of the line whose intercept between
and this perpendicular makes an angle
the axes is bisected at the point (x1, y1) is  ,  0    2  with positive x-axis is
x y
 2
x1 y1 x cos   y sin   p ,  p  0 
c) Equation of the line making equal intercepts on
the axes and through the point (x o , y o ) is
NARAYANAGROUP 53
Y
Y
P x1  r cos , y1  r sin  

L

P X
Ax1, y1  

Q  x1  r cos  , y1  r sin  
b) The normal form of a line ax  by  c  0 is
X
O B
 a x
 b y
c
, if c  0
a2  b2 a2  b2 a2  b2
x  x1 y  y1
and cos  = , sin  =
AP AP
a b c or x – x1 = AP cos  , y – y1 = AP sin  .
x y
, if c  0
2 2 2 2
a b a b a  b2 2
x  x1 y  y1
W.E-6: Normal form of the equation x+y+1=0 is  r
cos  sin 
Sol: The given equation is x+y+1=0  -x-y=1
W.E-7: (1,2),(3,6)are two opposite vertices of a rect-

 1 x   1 y  1 angle and if the other two vertices lie on the
2 2 2 line 2y = x + c, then c and other two vertices
are
    1 Sol: Mid point of given vertices is
 x cos      y sin     
 4  4 2 P  x1 , y1    2, 4  which lies on 2y = x + c then
5 5 1 1
 x cos  y sin  c=6. Now r=BP=AP= 5 , tan  
4 4 2 2
ix) Symmetric form and Parametric equations
of a straight line : Hence B=  x1  r cos  , y1  r sin   =(4,5)
a) The equation of the straight line passing through C=  x1  r cos  , y1  r sin   =(0,3)
(x1,y1) and makes an angle  with the positive
Distances:
x  x1 y  y1  i) The perpendicular distance to the line
direction of x-axis is 
co s  sin  ax  by  c  0
Where    0,     (    )
c
b) The co-ordinates  x, y  of any point P on the (a) from origin is
a  b2
2
line at a distance ‘r’ units away from the point

ax1  by1  c
A x1, y1  can be taken as (b) from the point  x1, y1  is
a 2  b2
 x1 r cos, y1 rsin  or x1 r cos, y1 r sin
ii) The distance of a point  x1 , y1  from the line
c) The equations x  x1  r cos ,
L axby c 0 measured along a line making an
y  y1  r sin  are called parametric equations
ax1  by1  c
of a line with parameter 'r' of the line passing angle  with x-axis is
a cos   b sin 
through the point  x1 , y1  and having inclination iii) The distance between parallel lines
. ax  by  c1  0 and ax  by  c2  0 is
54 NARAYANAGROUP
c1  c2 iii) A point A x1, y1  and origin lies on the same or

.
a2  b2 opposite side of a line L  ax  by  c  0
iv) The distance between the parallel lines according as c.L11  0 or c.L11  0
ax+by+c1=0 and ax + by + c2 = 0 measured along
the line having inclination  is iv) The point  x1 , y1  lies between the parallel
c1  c 2 lines ax1  by1  c  0, ax2  by2  c  0 or does
a cos   b sin 
ax1  by1  c1
v) The equation of a line parallel and lying midway not lie between them according as ax  by  c
between the above two lines is 1 1 2
c1  c2 is negative or positive
ax  by  0
2 v) The point A x1, y1  lies above or below the line
vi) Equiation of the line parallel to ax+by+c=0 and L  ax  by  c  0 according as
at a distance d from the line is
L11 L
ax  by  c  d a 2  b 2  0  0 or 11  0
b b
W.E-8: The distance between A(2, 3) on the line Proof: The fig. Shows a point P(x1, y1) lying above a
of gradient 3/4 and the point of intersection given line. If an ordinate is dropped from P to meet
P of this line with 5x + 7y + 40 = 0 is the line L at N, then the x coordinate of N will be x1.
Sol : Since m = 3/4, then cos  = 4/5 and Putting x = x1 in the equation ax + by + c = 0 gives
sin  = 3/5. ( ax 1  c )
ordinate of N = –
b
If P(x1, y1) lies above the line, then we have
5 2  7 3  40 355
r  ( ax 1  c) ( ax 1  c )
 4   3 41 y1 > – i.e. y1 + >0
5   7   b b
5
    5
( ax 1  by 1  c ) L ( x 1 , y1 )
Position of a point (s) w.r.to line (s): i.e. > 0, i.e. >0
b b
 i) The ratio in which the line L  ax  by  c  0 P
divides the line segment joining
A x1, y1  and B  x2 , y2  is L11 : L22 where L  ax  by  c  0
N
L11  ax1  by1  c, L22  ax2  by2  c Hence, P(x1, y1) lies above the line
ii) The points A , B lie on the same side or opposite L ( x 1 , y1 )
side of the line L = 0 according as L11 , L22 have ax + by + c = 0, and if < 0, it would mean
b
same sign or opposite sign that is that P lies below the line ax + by + c = 0.
L11. L22  0 or L11. L22  0 Ceva's Theorem :
 If the lines joining any point ‘O’ to the vertices
W.E-9: The range of  in the interval (0,  ) such A,B,C of a triangle meet the opposite sides in D,E,
that the points (3, 5) and (sin  , cos  ) lie on
BD CE AF
the same side of the line x + y – 1 = 0 is F respectively then . . 1
DC EA FB
Sol :Since  3  5  1  sin   cos  1  0 Proof: Without loss of generality take the point P as
  1   3 the origin O.
 sin         
4  2 4 4 4 Let A  x1 , y1  , B  x2 , y2  , C  x3 , y3  be the
 y 0 y
 0   1
vertices. Slope of AP is x  0  x
1
2 1 1
NARAYANAGROUP 55
y1  b1c2  b2c1 c1a2  c2 a1 

 ,  or
Equation of AP is y  0  x  x  0   a1b2  a2b1 a1b2  a2b1 
1
 yx1  xy1  xy1  yx1  0 x y 1

 
b1 c1 c1 a1 a1 b1
BD   x2 y1  x1 y2  x1 y2  x2 y1 b2 c2 c2 a2 a2 b2
  
DC x3 y1  x1 y3 x3 y1  x1 y3 ii) Three or more lines are said to be concurrent, if
BD CE AF they have a point in common. The common point
 . . 1 is called the point of concurrence.
DC EA FB a) If L1 = 0, L2 = 0 are two interesecting lines,
Manelaw's Theorem : then the equation of any line other than
 If a transversal cuts the sides BC, CA, AB of a
triangle in D, E, F respectively then L1  0 and L2  0 passing through point of
intersection can be taken as
BD CE AF
. .  1
DC EA FB
L1   L2  0. Where  is a parameter
Proof: Let the transversal be ax+by+c=0. the line b) The three lines Li  ai x  bi y  ci  0, i 1,2,3 are
BD   ax2  by2  c  a1 b1 c1
divides BC at D then DC  ax  by  c
 3 3  concurrent iff a2 b2 c2  0
BD CE AF a3 b3 c3
Hence . .  1
DC EA FB (or) Point of intersection of any two lines lies on
W.E-10: The range of  , if ( ,  2 ) lies inside the the third line
triangle having sides along the lines (or) there exist constants 1 , 2 , 3 not all zero
2x + 3y = 1, x + 2y - 3 = 0, 6y = 5x - 1 such that 1 L1  2 L2  3 L3  0
Sol :Let A, B, C be vertices of the triangle. c) If p1x+q1y =1, p2x+q2y = 1, p3x+q3y = 1 are
5 7 concurrent lines then the points (p1,q1), (p2,q2),
A  ( 7, 5), B   ,  (p3,q3) are collinear
4 8
d) If ka+lb+mc=0, then the point of concurrency
 1 1 of the lines represented by ax+by+c=0 is
C   ,  . Sign of A w.r.t. BC to -ve.
3 9  k l 
If P lies inside the triangle ABC, then sign of P will  , 
m m
be the same as sign of A w.r.t. the line BC
W.E-11: The line x   y  4  0 passes through the
 5  6 2  1  0 .....(i)
similarly 2  3 2  1  0 .....(ii) point of intersection of 4x  y  1  0 and
x + y + 1 = 0. Then the value of  is
And   2 2  3  0 .....(iii) Sol :The three lines are concurrent
Solving (i), (ii) and (iii) for  and then taking
intersection, 1  4
 4 1 1 0
1   3 
we get    ,1    ,  1 1 1 1
2   2 
Point of intersection of lines and Concurrency 22
 2  3  20  0    
of Straight Lines: 3
Angle between lines:
 i) Consider two lines L1  a1 x  b1 y  c1  0
 i) If ' ' is an acute angle between the lines having
and L2  a2x  b2 y  c2  0 then
m1  m2
point of intersection is slopes m1 and m2 then tan  
1  m1m2
56 NARAYANAGROUP
ii) If ' ' is an acute angle between the lines a1x  b1y  k1  0 , a1x  b1y  k 2  0 then the
a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 and a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 then figure formed by four lines is
a) a square if d1=d2 and aa1  bb1  0 ,
aa
1 2 bb
cos  and tan  ab
1 2 1 2  a2b1
b) Rhombus if d1=d2 and aa1  bb1  0 ,
2 2 2 2
a b a b
1 1 2 2
a1a2  bb
1 2
c) Rectangle if d1  d 2 and aa1  bb1 =0,
other angle between the lines is   
d) Parallelogram if d1  d 2 and aa1  bb1  0
iii) The slope m of a line which is equally inclined  i)The area of triangle formed by the line
with two intersecting lines of slopes m1 and m2 x y 1
  1 with the coordinate axis is ab
m1  m m  m2 a b 2
is given by 1  mm  1  m m ii)The area of triangle formed by line
1 2
ax  by  c  0 with the co - ordinate axes is
iv) The slopes of the lines making an angle  with
m  tan  m  tan  c2
a line having slope m are , 2 ab
1  m tan  1  m tan 
v) Consider two lines L1  a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 iii) Area of the rhombus a x  b y  c  0 is
and L2  a2x  b2 y  c2  0 2c 2
a1 b1
4 area of  = ab
a) Lines are parallel if a  b
2 2 iv) The area of triangle formed by lines
a1 b1 c1 2
b) Lines are coincident if a  b  c ai x  bi y  ci  0, i  1, 2,3 is = 2  
2 2 2 1 2 3
c) Lines are perpendicular if a1a2  b1b2  0 a1 b1 c1

d) Lines are equally inclined with x-axis a b2
w here   a 2 b2 c 2 , 1  2 ,
a3 b3
a1 b a3 b3 c3
if 1
a2 b2
a1 b1 a b1
W.E-12: A straight line through (2, 2) intersects 2  , 3  1
a3 b3 a2 b2
the lines 3x  y  0 and 3 x - y  0 at the
v) The area of triangle formed by lines
points A and B. The equation to the line AB
2
so that the triangle OAB is equilateral is 1  c1  c 2 
Sol: Since given two lines passing through origin and
y  m i x  ci , i  1, 2, 3 is
2
 m1  m 2
making angles 600, 1200 with X-axis the third line
is parallel to X-axis. Hence equation of AB is y=2 vi) If p1 , p2 are distances between parallel sides
Triangles and Quadrilaterals: and ' ' is angle between adjacent sides of
 i) The ratio of the sides of a triangle formed by
p1 p2
L1  0, L2  0 and L3  0 is parallelogram then its area is sin 
a2 b2 a3 b3 a1 b1 vii) Area of parallelogram whose sides

a12 b12 : a22 b22 : a32 b32 area1x b1y c1  0, a1x b1y c2  0, a2x b2 y d1  0
a3 b3 a1 b1 a2 b2
ii) Let d1 be the distance between the and a2 x  b2 y  d2  0 is
parallel lines ax  by  c1  0 , ax  by  c 2  0  c1  c2  d1  d 2 
and d2 be the distance between the parallel lines a1b2  a 2 b1
NARAYANAGROUP 57
1 iii) Image of (a , b) w.r.to y = x is (b , a )

viii) Area of rhombus = d d where d1,d2 are iv) Image of ( a , b ) w.r.to x + y = 0 is  b, a 
2 1 2
lengths of the diagonals v) If B is image of A w.r.to P then 2P = A + B
W.E-13: The triangle formed by the lines
vi) Reflection of f  x, y   0 in x-axis is
x-7y-22=0, 3x+4y+9=0, 7x+y-54=0 is
Sol: by using f  x, y   0
a2 b2 a3 b3 a1 b1 vii) Reflection of f  x, y  0 in y-axis is
a12 b12 : a22 b22 : a32 b32
a3 b3 a1 b1 a2 b2
f x, y   0
we get 1: 2 :1 hence the triangle is right angled
isosceles. viii) Reflection of f  x, y  0 in x = y is
W.E-14: If the distance of any point P(x, y) from f  y, x  0
the origin is defined as d(x, y) = Max. |x|, |y| ix) Image of the line ax+by+c = 0 w.r.t line
and d(x, y) = a (non zero constant), then the lx+my+n =0 (or) the straight line lx+my+n=0
locus of the P is bisects an angle between the two lines of which
one of them is ax+by+c=0 then equation of other
Sol: d(x, y) = Max. |x|, |y| .....(i) line is
But d(x, y) = a ..... (ii)
From (i) and (ii), l 2
 m 2   ax  by  c  =2(al+bm) (lx+my+n)
a = Max. |x|, |y| W.E-15 : In ABC A is (1,2) if the internal angle

bisector of B is 2x-y+10=0 and perpendicular
If |x| > |y|, then a = |x|  x = ± a
bisector of AC is y=x then the equation of BC
If |y| > |x|, then a = |y|  y = ± a
is
Hence locus of P represents a square.
Sol: Image of A w.r.to bisector of B is (-7,6) lies on
Foot and Image:
BC and image of A in the perpendicular bisector
 i) If  h, k  is the foot of the perpendicular from of AC is C(2,1)
 equation of BC is 5x+9y-19=0
 x1, y1  to the line ax  by  c  0 then Centroid, circumcentre,
orthocentre and incentre:
h  x1 k  y1   ax1  by1  c 
  or  i) Let A  x1 , y1  , B  x2 , y2  , C  x3 , y3  be
a b a 2  b2
vertices of ABC then,
 h, k  = x1  a, y1  b where a) Equation of altitude through A is
ax1  by1  c   x  x1  x2  x3    y  y1   y2  y3 

a b
2 2
b) Equation of perpendicular bisector of the side
ii) If  h, k  is the image (reflection ) of the point AB is
c) Orthocentre of  ABC is
 x1 , y1  w.r.t the line ax  by  c  0 then
 x1 tan A x2 tan B  x3 tanC y1 tan A y2 tan B  y3 tanC 
 , 
h  x1 k  y1 2  ax1  by1  c   tanAtanBtanC tanAtanB  tanC 
  or
a b a2  b2 d) Circum centre of ABC is
 h, k  = x1  a, y1  b where  x1 sin2A x2 sin2B x3 sin2C y1 sin2A y2 sin2B y3 sin2C 
 , 
 sin2Asin2B sin2C sin2Asin2B sin2C 
2ax1  by1  c  ii) The equations of the sides BC,CAandAB of

a b
2 2 the triangle ABC formed by the lines
Li  a i x  bi y  ci  0 (i=1,2,3) then
58 NARAYANAGROUP
a) Orthocentre is point of intersection of Angular bisectors of two straight lines:
 Angular bisector is the locus of a point which moves
 a2a3 b2b3  L1   a3a1 bb
3 1  L2   aa 1 2  L3
1 2 bb
in such a way so that its distance from two
b) Median through A is 2 L2  3 L3  0 intersecting lines remains same.
The equations of the two bisectors of the angles
Hence centroid satisfies 2 L2  3 L3  1L1
between the lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and
iii) If H is orthocentre of triangle ABC, then a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are
orthocentre of triangle formed by any three of the
points H,A,B,C will be the remaining point. a 1x  b1 y  c1 a 2 x  b2 y  c2
iv) Circumcentre is equidistant from the vertices a12  b12
=± a 22  b 22
of triangle
v) If G is the centroid, H is the orthocentre and S
is the circumcentre then
a) The relation between them is 3G = 2S + H.
Q
b) H  3G when S   0,0 
M
D P
vi) Incentre is equidistant from all sides of the
traingle. O
vii) In a triangle ABC, N
a) The internal bisector of angle A, ie. AD divides
opposite side BC at D in the ratio AB:AC
b) The external bisector of angle A, ie. AD di-
vides opposite side BC at D in the ratio -AB:AC i) If the two given lines are not perpendicular i.e. a1
viii) If the algebraic sum of the perpendicular a 2 + b 1 b 2  0 and not parallel i.e.
distances from three points to a variable line is zero, a1 b2  a2b1 then one of these equations is the
then the line passes through the centroid of the equation of the bisector of the acute angle between
triangle formed by the three points. two given lines and the other that of the obtuse angle
W.E-16: In a triangle ABC, coordinates of A are between two given lines.
(1, 2) and the equations to the medians ii) Whether both given lines are perpendicular or
through B and C are x + y = 5 and x = 4 not, but the angular bisectors of these lines will
respectively. Then the points B and C are always be mutually perpendicular.
Sol: Let B be (x1, y1) and C be (4, y). Since medians iii) The bisectors of the acute and the obtuse
through B and C meet at Centroid G (4, 1) angles:
x1  4  1 Take one of the lines and let its slope be m1 and
  4  x1  7 take one of the bisectors and let its slope be m2. If
3
Since B(x1, y1) lies on x + y = 5  be the acute angle between them, then find tan 
 y1 = 5 – x1 = 5 – 7 = –2  B is (7, –2), m1  m 2
= 1 m m
1 2
A 1, 2 
C
N
G(4, 1) 
A
P  x, y 
M
B
B  x1 , y1  C 4, y 
y  y2 If tan  > 1 then the bisector taken is the bisector

Also 1  1  y  3  2  y1 of the obtuse angle and the other one will be the
3
bisector of the acute angle.
 C is (4, 3)
NARAYANAGROUP 59
If 0 < tan  < 1 then the bisector taken is the i) The bisector of the acute angle is
bisector of the acute angle and the other one will  4x  3y  6 5 x  12 y  9
be the bisector of the obtuse angles. (  4 ) 2  (  3) 2 = 5 2  12 2
iv) consider the lines are a1 x + b1y + c1 = 0 and 7x + 9y – 3 = 0
a2x + b2y + c2 = 0, where c1  0, c2  0 then, ii) The bisector of the obtuse angle is
a 1x  b1y  c1 a 2 x  b 2 y  c2  4x  3y  6 5 x  12 y  9
 
(  4 ) 2  (  3) 2 = 5 2  12 2
a 12  b12 a 22  b 22
9x – 7y – 41 = 0
will represent the equation of the bisector of the
(iii) The bisector of the angle containing the origin
acute or obtuse angle between the lines according
as a1a2 + b1b2 is negative or positive.  4x  3y  6 5 x  12 y  9
v) The equation of the bisector of the angle (  4 ) 2  (  3) 2 = 5 2  12 2
;7x + 9y – 3 = 0
which contains a given point : (iv) For the point (1, 2),
The equation of the bisector of the angle between 4x + 3y – 6 = 4 × 1 + 3 × 2 – 6 > 0
the two lines containing the point  x1 , y1  is 5x + 12y + 9 = 12× 2 + 9 > 0
Hence equation of the bisector of the angle containing
a 1x  b1 y  c1 a 2 x  b2 y  c2 the point (1, 2) is
2 2
=
a b
1 1 a 22  b 22 4 x  3y  6
=
5 x  12 y  9
; 9x – 7y – 41 = 0
5 13
a 1x  b1 y  c1 a 2x  b2y  c2 Optimization:
or =–
2
a b
1
2
1 a b 2
2
2
2
 Let A and B are two points on same side of line
according as a1x1 + b1y1 + c1 and a2x1 + b2y1 + c2 L  ax  by  c  0
are of the same signs or of opposite signs. i) The point P such that PA + PB is minimum, is
vi) For example the equation of the bisector of the intersection of L = 0 and the line joining A to image
angle containing the origin is given by of B
or line joining B to image of A w.r.to L = 0
a 1x  b1 y  c1 a 2x  b2y  c2
2
a b 2 =+ a 22  b 22 ii) The point is P such that PA  PB is
for same sign
1 1
Maximum, is point of intersection of line L = 0 and
of c1 and c2 (for opposite sign take –ve sign in place
line joining A and B.
of +ve sign)
W.E-18: A light ray emerging from the point source
vii) If c1c2 (a1a2 + b1b2) < 0, then the origin will lie
placed at P(2, 3) is reflected at a point ‘Q’ on
in the acute angle and if
the y-axis and then passes through the point
c1c2 (a1a2 + b1b2) > 0, then origin will lie in the
R(5, 10). Coordinate of ‘Q’ is -
obtuse angle.
1
viii) Equation of straight lines passing through P(x1, Sol: Image of point P(2,3) in Y-axis is P  2,3
y1) and equally inclined with the lines
a1x + b1y + c1= 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are those Equation of P1R  y  3  1 x  2 
which are parallel to the bisectors between these x  y5  0
two lines and passing through the point P.
W.E-17 : P R meets the Y-axis at Q(0,5)
1
Reflection in surface:
For the straight lines 4x + 3y – 6 = 0 and 5x +
12y + 9 = 0, find the equation of the - N IP = incident ray
I R
(i) Bisector of the obtuse angle between them is PN = normal to the surface
ii) Bisector of the acute angle between them is  
Tangent PR = reflected ray
(iii) Bisector of the angle which contains origin is P
(iv) Bisector of the angle which contains (1, 2) is  IPN =  NPR
Sol: after making c1 >0 and c2 >0 ;  Angle of incident = Angle of reflection
a1a2+b1b2 = (-4)(5)+(-3)(12) = -56 <0
60 NARAYANAGROUP
No. of lines, no. of triangles and no. of circles: 3. The straightline ax  by  c  0  a, b, c  0 

 No. of lines drawn through the point A which are at
a distance d from the point B will pass through the first quadrant and cut
a) If AB = d then the no. of lines through A at a the positive x-axis, if
distance d from B is 1 1) ac  0, bc  0 2) ac  0, bc  0
b) If AB>d then the no. of lines through A at a 3) ac  0 and / or bc  0
distance d from B is 2 4) ac  0 and / or bc  0
c) If AB<d then the no. of lines through A at a
distance d from B is 0 ax by c
 No of right angled traingles in a circle depends on 4 If 2 2
+ 2 2
= 2 2
is
a b a b a b
height h of the traingle and radius r of the circle perpendicular form of a straight line then
a) If h = r, no. of right angled traingles = 2
b) If h < r, no. of right angled traingles = 4 1) a, b, c  0 2) a  0, b  0, c  0
c) If h > r, no. of right angled traingles = 0 3) c < 0 4) a, b  0, c  0
 No. of circles touching three lines 5. The straight line passing through P(x1,y1) and
a) No circle if the lines are parallel making an angle  with x-axis intersects
b) one circle if the lines are concurrent Ax+By+C=0 in Q then PQ=
c) 2 circles if two lines are parallel and third cuts
them Ax 1  By 1  C Ax1  By1  C
d) 4 circles if the lines are not concurrent and no 1) 2 2
2)
A  B A cos   B sin 
two of them are parallel.
W.E-19: Let A= (1,2), B= (3,4) and C=(x,y) be a Ax1  By1  C
Ax1  By1  C
point such that(x–1) (x–3)+(y–2)(y–4)=0. If 3) 4) 2 2 2 2
area of  ABC=1 then maximum number of A cos   B sin 
A cos   B sin 
positions of C in the xy plane is 6. If a+b+c  0, ax+by+c=0 bx+cy+a=0,
Sol: Ends of diameter are A= (1,2), B= (3,4) cx+ay+b=0 are concurrent then
1
Area of the triangle is equal to 1 
2
2 2   h  =1 a
2
 b  c
2 2
=
ab  b c  ca
1 1) 1/2 2) 2 3) 1 4) 0
h
2 7. The lines
AB 5 (a+b-2c)x+(b+c-2a)y+(c+a-2b)=0,
radius =  (b+c-2a)x+(c+a-2b)y+(a+b-2c)=0 and
2 2
 number of traingles= 4 ( h < r) (c+a-2b)x+(a+b-2c)y+(b+c-2a)=0 where
a,b,c,real numbers
1) Form an equilateral triangle
C.U.Q 2) Concurrent
1. The straight line through A(a,b) intersects the 3) Form a right angled triangle
line through B(c,d) at ‘P’ at right angles. The 4) Form an isosceles triangle
locus of P is 8. If the lines
1) (x–a)(x–c)+(y–b)(y–d)=0 p1x  q1 y  1, p2 x  q2 y  1and p3 x  q3 y  1
2) (x–a)(x–c)-(y–b)(y–d)=0
be concurrent, then the points
3) (x–b)(x–d)+(y–a)(y–d)=0
4) (x–b)(x–d)+(y–a)(y–c)=0  p1 , q1  ,  p2 , q2  and  p3 , q3  ,
2. If ax+by+c=0 is parallel to x-axis then which 1) are collinear
of the following is defined 2) form an equilateral triangle
2
a c
2 2
b c
2 2
4b  c
2
ac
2 3) form a scalene triangle
1) 2 2
2) 2
3) 4) 4) form a right angled triangle
c b a abc a
NARAYANAGROUP 61
9. m  a1x+b1y+c1=0 and l  a2x+b2y+c2=0 are | c1  c2 | 2
(c1  c2 )
a1 b1 c1 1) 2 | m  m | 2) 2
2( m2  m1 )
two straight lines such that a  b  c then 1 2
2 2 2
m + kl = 0, k  R is (c1  c2 )2 (c1  c2 ) 2
3) 4)
1) a straight line different from m and l 2 | m1  m2 | | m2  m1 |
2) not a straight line C.U.Q - KEY
3) is a straight line concurrent with m and l 1) 1 2) 1 3) 4 4) 3 5) 3 6) 3
4) the same straight line m = 0 7) 2 8) 1 9) 4 10) 2 11) 2 12) 2
10. If a and b are the intercepts made by the 13) 3 14) 3
straight line on the coordinate axes such that
C.U.Q - HINTS
1 1 1 1. Locus of P is a circle with end points of the
  then the line passes through point
a b c diameter A,B
2. Line parellel to x-axis;  x-coeffient =0
1 1 c c
1) (1,1) 2) (c,c) 3)  ,  4)  ,  c
c c a a 3.  0
11. The orthocentre of the triangle formed by the a
points A  a cos  , a sin   4. x cos   y sin   p, where p  0
5. let PQ = r
B  a cos  , a sin   C  a cos  , a sin   is
Q  x1  r cos , y1  r sin   sub in Ax+By+C=0
1) (cos  +cos  +cos  , sin  +sin  +sin  )
6. a 3  b3  c3  3abc  0
2) a cos cos  cos  , a sin sin sin  
 a  b  c   a 2  b2  c 2  ab  bc  ca   0
3. a cos sin sin  , a sin cos cos   7. L1  L2  L3  0
4. (cos  cos  cos  , sin  sin  sin  ) 8. Area = 0
12. (a, b), (c, d), (e, f) are the vertices of an 9. m  0, l  0 represent coincident lines
equilateral triangle. Then the orthocentre of
c c
the triangle is 10.  1
a b
a df bce 11. If S= 0 then H = 3G
1)  , 
 3 3  12. S=G
13. Given equation is altitude
a ce bdf 
2)  ,  14. Use area of triangle formula
 3 3 
LEVEL - I (C.W)
a cf bde
3)  , 
 3 3  SLOPE OF A LINE
a bc def  1. If the line passing through the points
4)  , 
 3 3  (-8,3) (2,1) is parallel to the line passing
13. A triangle is formed by the lines ax+by+c=0 through the points (11,-1) (k,0) then the value
lx+my+n=0, px+qy+r=0, then the straight line of k is
(ax+by+c)(lp+mq)= (lx+my+n) (ap+bq) passes 1) 5 2) 7 3) 5/2 4) 6
through .......... of the triangle. 2. If each of the points (a,4),(-2,b) lies on the
1) Incentre 2) Circumcentre line joining the points (2,-1),(5,-3),then the
3) Orthocentre 4) Centroid point (a,b) lies on line
14. The area of the triangle formed by the lines y 1) 6x+6y-25=0 2) x+3y+1=0
= m1x + c1,y = m2x+c2 and x=0 is 3) 2x+6y+1=0 4) 2x+3y-5=0
62 NARAYANAGROUP
3. If the lines y = – 3x + 4, ay = x + 10 and PROBLEMS ON DISTANCES

2y + bx + 9 = 0 represent three consecutive 11. The length of the perpendicular from the point
sides of a rectangle then ab = (0,0) to the straight line passing through P(1,2)
1 1 such that P bisects the intercepted part
1) 18 2) –3 3) 4) between axes
2 3
SLOPE-INTERCEPT FORM,SLOPE- 1) 5 2)4 3) 4 / 5 4) 5 / 4
POINT FORM AND TWO 12. Radius of the circle touching the lines 3x+4y-
POINT FORM 14=0, 6x+8y+7=0 is (EAM- 2011)
4. The equation of the stratight line cutting off 7 7 7
an intercept 8 on x–axis and making an angle 1) 7 2) 3) 4)
2 4 6
of 600 with the positive direction of y –axis is
13. The distance between the parallel lines given
1) x  3y  8  0 2) x  3 y  8 2
by  x  7 y   4 2  x  7 y   42  0 is
3) y  3x  8 4) y  3 x  8 (EAM- 2012)
5. If (-4,5) is one vertex and 7x-y+8=0 is one 1)1 2)5 3)6 4)2
diagonal of a square, then the equation of the 14. Equation of the straight line parallel to
other diagonal is x+2y-5=0 and at the same distance from (3,2)
1) x+7y-31=0 2) x+7y-15=0 is
3) x+7y+8=0 4) x+7y-35=0 1) x+2y-8=0 2) x+2y+9=0
INTERCEPTS AND INTERCEPT 3) x+2y-9=0 4) x+2y-7=0
FORM 15. If the straight line drawn through the point
6. Equation of a line which passes through the 
point (-3,8) and cut off positive intercepts on P  
3, 2 making an angle
6
with x-axis
the axes whose sum is 7 is
meets the line 3 x-4y+8=0 at Q. Then PQ is
1) 3x-4y=12 2) 4x+3y=12
3) 3x+4y=12 4) 4x-3y=12 1) 4 2) 5 3) 6 4) 9
7. The number of lines that are parallel to POSITION OF A POINT (S) W.R.T.
2x + 6y– 7 = 0 and have an intercept 10 LINE (S)
between the co-ordinate axes is 16. If the line 3x+4y-8=0 is denoted by L, then
1) 1 2) 2 3) 4 4) infinitely many the points (2,-5),(-5,2)
8. If the line (x-y+1) + k (y-2x+4) = 0 makes 1) lie on L 2) lie on same side of L
equal intercept on the axes then the value of 3) lie on opposite sides of L
k is 4) equidistant from L
17. The vertices of a triangle are O(0.0),
1) 1/ 3 2) 3/ 4 3) 1/ 2 4) 2 / 3
B(-3,-1),C(-1,-3). The equation of the line
NORMAL FORM AND SYMMETRIC parallel to BC and intersecting the sides OB
FORM and OC whose perpendicular distance from O
9. The equation of set of lines which are at a is 1/2 is
constant distance 2 units from the origin is 1) x + y = 1 / 2 2) x + y = -1/ 2
1) x+y+2=0 2) x+y+4=0 3) x + y = -1/2 4) x + y = 1/2
3) xcos  + ysin  = 2 POINT OF INTERSECTION OF
4) xcos  + ysin  = ½ LINES AND CONCURRENCY OF
10. The slope of a straight line through A(3,2) is LINES
3/4 then the coordinates of the two points on 18. If the lines ax+by+c = 0, bx+cy+a = 0 and
the line that are 5 units away from A are cx+ay+b=0 a  b  c are concurrent then the
1) (-7,5) (1,-1) 2) (7,5) (-1,-1) point of concurrency is
3) (6,9) (-2,4) 4) (7,3) (-2,1) 1) (0,0) 2) (1,1) 3) (2,2) 4) (-1,-1)
NARAYANAGROUP 63
19. If the lines 3x+2y-5=0, 2x-5y+3=0, 5x+by+c=0 1) x-2y=6 2) 4x+3y=12
are concurrent then b+c = 3) 4x+3y+24=0 4) 3x-4y=12
1) 7 2) -5 3) 6 4) 9 29. The equation of base of an equilateral triangle
20. The lines (p-q) x + (q-r) y + (r-p) = 0 is x+y=2 and the vertex is (2, -1). Then area of
(q-r) x + (r-p) y + (p-q) = 0 triangle is
(r-p) x + (p-q) y + (q-r) = 0 1) 2 3 2) 3) 1 3 4) 2 3
3/6
1) Form an equilaterial triangle
2) Form an Isosceles triangle QUADRILATERALS AND AREA OF
3) are Concurrent THE QUADRILATERALS
4) Form a right angled triangle 30. The quadrilateral formed by the lines
21. If 2 is a root of ax2+bx+c=0 then point of con- 2x-5y+7=0, 5x+2y-1=0, 2x-5y+2=0,
currence of lines ax+2by+3c=0 is 5x+2y+3=0 is
1) (12,3) 2) (4,2) 3) (1,2) 4) (2, 3) 1) Rectangle 2) Square
22. For all values of ‘a’ the set of straight lines 3) Parallelogram 4) Rhombus
(3a+1) x - (2a+3) y + 9-a=0 passes through 31. The diagonals of a parallelogram PQRS are
the point
1) (3, 4) 2) (4,2) 3) (3,3) 4) (1,2) along the lines x  3 y  4 and 6 x  2 y  7.
23. Equation of the line passing through the point Then PQRS must be :
of intersection of the lines 2x+3y-1=0, 1) rectangle 2) square
3x+4y-6=0 and perpendicular to 5x-2y-7=0 is 3) cyclic quadrilateral 4) rhombus
(EAM- 2009) FOOT AND IMAGE
1) 2x+5y-19=0 2) 2x+5y+17=0 32. Foot of the perpendicular of origin on the line
3) 2x+5y-16=0 4) 2x+5y-22=0 joining the points
ANGLE BETWEEN LINES
 a cos   a sin   ,  a cos   a sin   is
24. If 2 x  3 y  4  0 &  x  ky  2  0 are
identical lines then 3  2k  1)  cos   cos   sin   sin  
1) 1 2) 0 3) -1 4) 2 2)  cos   cos   sin   sin  
25. The angle between the diagonals of a
 a  c o s   co s   a  sin   sin   
x y 3)  , 
quadrilateral formed by the lines   1,  2 2 
a b
4)  cos  cos  ,sin  sin  
x y x y x y
  1,   2,   2 is
b a a b b a 33. Suppose A, B are two points on 2x-y+3=0 and
P(1,2) is such that PA=PB. Then the mid point
   
1) 2) 3) 4) of AB is
4 6 3 2
  1 , 13   7 , 9   7 9  7 , 9 
TRIANGLES AND AREA OF THE 1)   2)   3)  ,  4)  
 5 5   5 5  5 5   5 5 
TRIANGLE 34. A line passing through the points
26. The triangle formed by the lines
3x  y  2  0, 3x  y  1  0 , y=0 is
 7, 2 ,  3, 2 then the image of the line in x-
1) Equilateral 2) Right angled axis is
3) Right angled isosceles 4) Isosceles 1) y = 4 2) y = 9 3) y = –1 4) y = –2
27. The area of the triangle formed by the lines 35. Image of the curve x 2  y 2  1 in the line
x=0; y=0 and x sin180  y cos360  1  0 is x  y  1 is
1)1 2)2 3)3 4)4 1) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0
28. If a straight line perpendicular to
3x-4y-6=0 forms a triangle with the coordinate 2) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0
axes whose area is 6sq. units, then the equation 3) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0
of the straight line (s) is
(EAM- 2014) 4) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  1  0
64 NARAYANAGROUP
36. Image of (1,2) w.r.t. (-2,-1) is 6. Verification

1) (0,5) 2) (-4,-3) 3) (-5,-4) 4) (-4,-5) 7. Two lines parallel to any given line make intercept
37. The image of the point (-2,-7) under the of same length k between the axes in opposite
transformation (x,y)  (x-2y,-3x+y) is quadrants
1) (–12,1) 2) (12,–1) 3) (–12,–1) 4) (12,1) 8. m = -1
CENTROID, CIRCUMCENTRE, 9. p = 2, x cos   y sin   2
ORTHOCENTRE AND INCENTRE 3 3 4
38. The algebraic sum of the perpendicular 10.  x1 , y1    3,2 ; tan  
4
sin  , cos  ;
5 5
distances from the vertices of a triangle to a
variable line is ‘O’, then the line passes  x, y    x1  r cos , y1  r sin  
through the ------ of the triangle 11. Eq. of the given line is 2x+y=4 required
1) Incentre 2) Centroid 4
3) Orthocentre 4) Circumcentre distance=
5
39. A(1,-1) B(4,-1) C(4,3) are the vertices of a
triangle. Then the equation of the altitude 12. Distance between two parallel tangents of a circle
through the vertex ‘A’ is = Diameter
1) x = 4 2) y = 4 3) y + 1= 0 4) x =1 13. Find the distance between x  7 y  3 2  0
40. The equations of the sides of a triangle are
and x  7 y  7 2  0
x-3y=0, 4x+3y=5, 3x+y=0. The line 3x-
4y=0 passes through 14. Verification
1) Incentre 2) Centroid ax1  by1  c
3) Orthocentre 4) Circumcentre 15.
a cos   b sin 
41. Equation of a diameter of the circum circle of
the triangle formed by the lines 16. Use m : n   L11 : L22
3x+4y-7=0, 3x-y+5=0 and 8x-6y+1=0 is
17. line parallel to BC is x+y=k from given data
1) 3x-y-5=0 2) 3x+y+5=0
3) 3x-y+5=0 4) 3x+y-5=0 k 1 1
42. The incentre of the triangle formed by the lines  k 
2 2 2
x cos   y sin    , x cos   y sin    , ( O,B are opposite sides of the line)
x cos   y sin    is  ,   then    = a b c
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4
b c a 0
LEVEL-I (C.W)-KEY 18. a+b+c=0
1) 4 2) 3 3) 1 4) 2 5) 1 6) 2 c a b
7) 2 8)4 9) 3 10) 2 11) 3 12) 3
13) 4 14) 3 15) 3 16) 2 17) 2 18) 2 3 2 5
19) 2 20) 3 21) 1 22) 1 23) 2 24) 2 2 5 3  0
19.
25) 4 26) 1 27) 2 28) 2 29) 2 30) 1 5 b c
31) 4 32) 3 33) 1 34) 4 35) 4 36) 3
37) 2 38) 2 39) 3 40) 3 41) 3 42) 1 20. L1  L2  L3  0
LEVEL-I (C.W)-HINTS 21. 4a+2b+c=0 & ax+2by+3c=0
1. Slopes of the parallel lines are equal 22. Solve 3x  2 y  1  0 , x  3 y  9  0
2. a=-11/2, b=5/3
3. let the given sides are AB, BC, CD 2
23. intersecting point (14,-9) , m 
AB || CD  b  6 ; AB  BC  a  3 5
4. y  m( x  8), m  tan150 2 3 4
24.  
5. Write the equation to a line perpendicular to  k 2
7 x  y  8  0 and sub   4, 5  25. The quadrilateral formed by the lines is a rhombus
NARAYANAGROUP 65
a2 b2 a3 b3 a1 b1
SLOPE-INTERCEPT FORM, SLOPE-
2 2 2 2 2 2
26. a b
1 1 : a b
2 2 : a b
3 3 POINT FORM AND TWO-POINT
a3 b3 a1 b1 a2 b2 FORM
c2 4. The equation of the horizontal line passing
27.   through the point (4,-7) is
2 ab
1) y-7=0 2) y+7=0 3) y-4=0 4) y+4=0
28. The line perpendicular to given line is 5. The equation of the straight line making an
k2 intercept of 3 units on the y-axis and inclined
4 x  3 y  k  0  6 at 450 to the x-axis is
24 1) y = x-1 2) y= x+3
p2 3) y = 45x + 3 4) y = x+45
29. Area  where p is height of  INTERCEPTS AND INTERCEPT
3
FORM
30. Adjacent sides are perpendicular and distance
6. Equation of the line having intercepts a,b on
between parallel sides are not equal.
31. Given equation of the diagonals of a parallelogram 21
the axes such that a+b=5 and ab = is
are at right angle. Hence it is a rhombus. 4
32. Mid point becuase OA  OB 1) 3x+2y=6 2) 2x+3y=6
33. Apply foot of the perpendicular formula 3) 14x+6y=21 4) x+4y=4
34. Line equation y =2 Image with respect to x-axex is 7. x intercept of the line parallel to 4x+7y=9 and
y =-2 passing through (2,3) is
35. Image of (0,0) in line is (1,1) 25 17 29 29
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 4 4 4 7
 image circle is  x  1   y  1  1 8. A straight line meet the axes in A and B such
36. The image of (x1,y1) w.r.to(x,y) is (2x-x1,2y-y1) that the centroid of triangle OAB is (a,a). Then
37. apply given condition the equation of the line AB is
38. Algebric sum of the distances from the three non 1) x+y=a 2) x-y=3a 3) x+y=2a 4) x+y=3a
collinear points to variable line is zero then the line NORMAL FORM AND SYMMETRIC
passing through centroid of the triangle formed by FORM
this points. 9. Equation of the line on which the length of
39. AB  BC the perpendicular from origin is 5 and the
40. Given lines form a right angle triangle angle which this perpendicular makes with the
41. Hypotenous is diameter x axis is 60O
42. (0,0) is equidistance from sides 1) x  3 y  12 2) 3 x  y  10
LEVEL - I (H.W) 3) x  3 y  8 4) x  3 y  10
10. A point on line x  y  1  0 at a distance 2 2
SLOPE OF A LINE
from the point 1, 2  is
1
1. If the slope of a line is then its 1)  3, 4  2)  3,0  3)  1, 4  4)  0,1
3
inclination is PROBLEMS ON DISTANCES
 5 2 3 11. The perpendicular distance from (1,2) to the
1) 2. 3. 4. straight line 12x+5y=7 is
3 6 3 4 1) 15/13 2) 12/13 3) 5/13 4) 7/13
2. If the straight line (3x+4y+5)+k(x+2y-3)=0 is 12. The vertices of a triangle are A(5,6)
parallel to x-axis then the value of k is B(1, -4) C(-4,0) then the length of the altitude
1) 1 2) -3 3) 4 4) 2 through the vertex A is
3. Number of straight lines passing through
(1, 3),(7, -3),(5, -1),(6, -2) is 66 55 17 19
1) 2 2) 4c2 3) 4p2 4) 4c4. 1) 2) 3) 4)
41 41 5 5
66 NARAYANAGROUP
13. The distance between the parallel lines 22. Let a and b be nonzero reals . Then the
8x+6y+5=0 and 4x+3y-25=0 is
equation of the line passing through the origin
7 9 11 5 and the point of inter section of
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 2 4 x/a + y/b =1 and x/b + y/a=1
14. The equation of the line which is parallel to 1) ax+by=0 2) bx+ay=0
5x+12y+1=0 and 5x+12y+7=0 and lying 3) y-x=0 4) x+y=0
midway between them is 23. The line which is concurrent with the lines
1) 5x+12y+13=0 2) 5x+12y-4=0 2x + 3y = 7, 2x = 3y + 1 and passing through
3) 5x+12y+4=0 4) 5x+12y-6=0 the origin is
15. The point on the line x + y = 4 that lies at a unit 1) x + 2y = 0 2) x – 2y = 0
distance from the line 4x + 3y - 10 = 0 is
1) (1,3) 2) (-7,11) 3) (11,-7) 4.(2,2) 3) 2x + y = 0 4) 2x – y = 0
POSITION OF A POINT (S) W.R.T. ANGLE BETWEEN LINES
LINE (S) 24. If  is an acute angle between the lines
16. The ratio in which the line 3x+4y-7=0 divides y=2x+3, y=x+1 then the value of tan  =
the line joining the points (1,2) (2,3) is
1) 4:11 Internally 2) 4:11 Externally 2 1 3 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
3) 7:11 Internally 4) 7:11 Externally 3 3 4 2
17. The line segment joining the points (1,2) 25. The angle between the lines kx+y+9=0,
and (k,1) is divides by the line y-3x=4 is 45O then the value of k is(EAM- 2007)
3x  4 y  7  0 in the ratio 4:9 then k is 1) 2 1) 2 or ½ 2) 2 or -1/2
2) -2 3) 3 4) -3 3) -2 of ½ 4) -2 or -1/2
POINT OF INTERSECTION OF TRIANGLES AND AREA OF THE
LINES AND CONCURRENCY OF TRIANGLE
LINES : PP 26. The straight lines x + y = 0, 3x + y – 4 = 0 and
18. If the point of intersection of kx+4y+2=0, x+3y–4=0 form a triangle which is
x-3y+5=0 lies on 2x+7y-3=0 then k= 1) isosceles 2) right angled
1) 2 2) 3 3)-2 4) -3 3) equilateral 4) right angled isosceles triangle
19. The lines px  qy  r  0 , qx  ry  p  0 27. If a, c, b are three terms of a G..P., then the
line ax + by +c =0
rx  py  q  0 , are concurrant then 1) has a fixed direction
1) p  q  r  0 2) p3  q3  r3  3pqr 2) always passes through a fixed point
3) forms a triangle with the axes whose area is
3) p 2  q 2  r 2  pq  qr  rp  0
constant
4) All the above 4) always cuts intercepts on the axes such that
20. The point of concurrence of the lines their sum is zero
x y x y 28. Area enclosed by the co-ordinate axes and
  1,   1, x = y is the line passing through the pionts (8,-3),
3 4 4 3
(-4,12) is
4 4 2 2  12 12   7 7 
1)  ,  2)  ,  3)  ,  4)  ,  98 49 24 17
3 3 7 7  7 7   12 12  1) 2) 3) 4)
5 5 25 8
21. If 4a+5b+6c=0 then the set of lines ax+by+c=0 29. A straight line L is perpendicular to the line
are concurrent at the point 4x-2y=1 and forms a triangle of area 4 sq.units
2 5 1 1 1 4 1 7 with coordinate axes then, an equation of L is
1)  ,  2)  ,  3)  ,  4)  ,  1) 2x+4y+8=0 2) 2x-4y+8=0
3 6 3 2 2 3 3 3
3) 2x+4y+7=0 4) 4x-2y-7=0
NARAYANAGROUP 67
QUADRILATERALS AND AREA OF 38. If the algebraic sum of the perpendicular

THE QUADRILATERALS distances from the points (2,0) (0,2) and (4,4)
to a variable line is ‘O’, then the line passes
30. A square of area 25 sq.units is formed by taking
through the fixed point
two sides as 3x  4 y  k1 and 3x  4 y  k2 then 1) (1,1) 2) (3,3) 3) (2,2) 4) (0,0)
k1  k2  39. If the equations of the three sides of a triangle
1) 5 2) 1 3) 25 4) 125 are x  y  1,3 x  5 y  2 and x  y  0 then
31. The equations of two sides of a square whose the orthocentre of the triangle lies on the line
area is 25 sq.units are 3x-4y=0 and 4x+3y=0. 1) 5 x  3 y  2 2) 3 x  5 y  1  0
The equation of other two sides of the square
3) 2 x  3 y  1 4) 5 x  3 y  1
are
1) 3x – 4y  25 = 0, 4x + 3y  25 = 0 40. Circum centre of the triangle formed by the
2) 3x – 4y  5 = 0, 4x + 3y  5 = 0 lines x+y=0, 2x+y+5=0, x-y=2 is
3) 3x – 4y  5 = 0, 4x + 3y  25 = 0 1) (-2, -1) 2) (-3, 1) 3) (-4, 3) 4)(-1, -3)
4) 3x – 4y = 0, 4x + 3y = 0 41. The incentre of the triangle formed by the lines
Foot and Image: 3x + 4y =10, 5x + 12y =26, 7x+24y=50 is
32. If 2x+3y=5 is the perpendicular bisector of the  ,   then    =
1 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4
line segment joining the points A (1, ) and B
3 LEVEL-I(H.W) - KEY
then B= ( EAM- 2013) 1) 2 2) 2 3) 4 4) 2 5) 2 6) 3
7) 3 8) 4 9) 4 10) 1 11) 1 12) 1
 21 49   17 31  13) 3 14) 3 15) 2 16) 2 17) 2 18) 2
1)  ,  2)  , 
 13 39   13 39  19) 4 20) 3 21) 1 22) 3 23) 2 24) 2
 7 49   21 31  25) 2 26) 3 27) 3 28) 1 29) 1 30) 3
3)  ,  4)  ,  31) 1 32) 1 33) 2 34) 3 35) 2 36) 4
 13 39   13 39 
37) 2 38) 3 39) 4 40) 2 41) 1
33. If (2, -3) is the foot of the perpendicular from
(-4, 5) on a line then its equation is LEVEL-I(H.W) - HINTS
1) 3x-4y+28=0 2) 3x-4y-18=0 1
1. tan  
3) 3x-4y+18=0 4) 3x-4y-17=0 3
34. If (-2, 6) is the image of the point (4,2) 2. Coefficient of x = 0
with respect to the line L=0, then L= 3. Given points are collinear
(EAM- 2014) 4. y  y1
1) 6x-4y-7=0 2) 2x+3y-5=0
5. y  mx  c
3) 3x - 2y+5=0 4) 3x-2y+10=0
35. One vertex of a square ABCD is A(-1,1) and 6. a =3/2, b=7/2
the equation of one diagonal BD is 3x+y-8=0 4
7. y3  x  2  , Put y = 0
then C= 7
1) (-5,3) 2) (5,3) 3) (-5,-3) 4) (2,5)   
36. The reflection of the point (6,8) in the line 8. Intercepts  ,  ;   3 , 3    a , a 
 
x = y is
1) (4,2) 2) (-6,-8) 3) (-8,-10) 4) (8,6)
9. P  5,  600 ; x cos   y sin   P
CENTROID, CIRCUMCENTRE, 10. P  x1  r cos   y1  r sin   with
ORTHOCENTRE AND INCENTRE r  2 2,    
37. The vertices of a triangle are (2,0) (0,2) (4,6)
then the equation of the median through the 11. The perpendicular distance from  x1 , y1  to the st
vertex (2,0) is ax1  by1  c
1) x+y-2=0 2)x=2 line ax  by  c  0 is
3) x+2y-2=0 4) 2x+y-4=0 a2  b2
68 NARAYANAGROUP
12. Find the perpendicular distance from A to BC 29. 2x+y+k=0 forms a triangle of area 4.
c1  c2 k1  k 2
13. d  30.  5  k1  k2  25
a 2  b2 5
31. Verification
c1  c2
14. ax  by  0 32. B is image of A
2 33. Line is perpendicular to AB
15. Verification 34. Required line is the perpendicular bisector of given
16. Use m : n   L11 : L22 points.
35. Image of A w.r.to diagonal BD is C
L11 4 36. The reflection of the point ( a,b) in the line x=y is
17. - L  9  3  3k  9
22 (b,a)
k 4 2 37. A  2,0  B  0,2  C  4,6  ; mid point of BC is
18. 1  3 5 0 D  2, 4  ; Equation of AD is x  2
2 7 3
38. Centroid
39. given lines form a right angled triangle
p q r 40. Given lines form a right angle triangle
q r p 0 41. Incentre is equidistance from sides,
19.
r p q Hence I = (0 ,0 )
 p  q  r   p 2  q 2  r 2  pq  qr  rp   0 LEVEL - II (C.W)
 12 12  SLOPE OF A LINE
20. Point of intersection is  , 
7 7 1. The lines p( p 2  1) x  y  q  0 and
4 5 ( p 2  1)2 x  ( p 2  1) y  2q  0 are
21. a    b    c  0 perpendicular to a common line for
6 6
[AIEEE - 2009]
x y 1) exactly one value of p
22. Intersecting point of   1 and 2) exactly two values of p
a b
3) more than two values of p
x y  ab ab  4) no values of p
  1 is  , 
b a  ab ab 2. The slope of the line passing through the
23. point of intersection of given lines is (2,1) points  2,sin   , 1,cos  is 0 then general
m1  m2 solution of 
24. tan  
1  m1m2  
1) n  , n  Z 2) n  , n  Z
4 4
m1  m2
25. tan   =1 
1  m1m2 3) n  , n  Z 4) n , n  Z
4
3 1 1 3 1 1 SLOPE-INTERCEPT FORM,SLOPE-
26. 11 : 32  12 : 12  32 POINT FORM AND TWO-POINT
1 3 1 1 3 1
FORM
c2 1 3. The perpendicular bisector of the line segment
27. c  ab ;  
2  .
2ab 2 joining P 1, 4  and Q  K ,3 has Y intercept -4.
c 2 then a possible value of K is
28. The line equation is 5 x  4 y  28  0 ,   2 ab (AIEEE-2008)
1) -4 2) 1 3) 2 4) -2
NARAYANAGROUP 69
4.  ( ,  ) lies on the line y=6x-1 and Q( ,  )    3

lies on the line 2x-5y=5. Then the equation of 1) and 2) and
6 3 8 8
the line PQ is  5  
1) 2x+y=3 2) 3x+2y=5 3) x+y=6 4)3x+y=7 3) and 4) and
12 12 4 2
5. A line joining A(2,0) and B(3,1) is rotated about
A in anticlock wise direction through angle 15o,
PROBLEMS ON DISTANCES
then the equation of AB in the new position is 12. Perpendicular distance from the origin to the
line joining the points (acos  ,asin  )
1) y = 3 x – 2 2) y = 3 (x –2)
(acos  ,asin  ) is
3) y = 3 (x + 2) 4) x – 2 = 3 y
  
INTERCEPTS AND INTERCEPT 1) 2a cos (  -  ) 2) a cos  2 
 
FORM
     
 
6. The line 2x+3y=6, 2x+3y=8 cut the 3) 4a cos  2  4) a cos  2 
   
X-axis at A,B respectively. A line
L = 0 drawn through the point (2,2) meets the 13. One side of an equilateral triangle is 3x+4y=7
X-axis at C in such a way that abscissa of and its vertex is (1,2). Then the length of the
A,B,C are in arithmetic Progression. then the side of the triangle is
equation of the line L is 4 3 3 3 8 3 4 3
1) 2x+3y=10 2) 3x+2y=10 1) 2) 3) 4)
17 16 15 15
3) 2x-3y=10 4) 3x-2y=10 14. Equation of the line through the point of
7. The sum of the intercepts cut off by the axes inter section of the lines 3x+2y+4=0 and 2x+5y-
on lines 1=0 whose distance from (2,-1) is 2.
x  y  a , x  y  ar , x  y  ar 2 ,............ 1) 2x-y+5=0 2) 4x+3y+5=0
1 3) x+2=0 4) 3x+y+5=0
where a  0 and r  15. If p,q denote the lengths of the perpendicu
2
lars from the origin on the lines
1)2 a 2) a 2 3) 2 2a 4) a x sec  y cos ec   a and
8. The equation of the straight line which bisects
the inter cepts between the axes of the lines x x cos   y sin   a cos 2 then ( Eam 2013)
+ y = 2 and 2x + 3y = 6 is 1) 4p2 q2  a2 2) p 2  q 2  a 2
1) 2x = 3 2) y = 1 3) 2y = 3 4) x = 1
9. Equation of the line passing through (0, 1) and 3) p 2  2q 2  a 2 4) 4 p 2  q 2  2a 2
having intercepts in the ratio 2 : 3 is 16. The distance between two parallel lines is
1) 2x + 3y = 3 2) 2x – 3y + 3 = 0 p1-p equation of one line is
3) 3x + 2y = 2 4) 2x – 3y – 3 = 0 x cos   y sin   p then the equation of the
NORMAL FORM AND SYMMETRIC 2nd line is
FORM 1) xcos  + ysin  + p1 + 2p = 0
10. A straight line is such that its distance of 5 2) xcos  + ysin  = 2p1 - p
units from the origin and its inclination is 135O. 3) xcos  + ysin  = 0
The intercepts of the line on the co-ordinate 4) xcos  + ysin  + p1 - 2p = 0
axes are 17. The ratio in which the line 3x+4y+2=0 divides
the distance between 3x+4y+5=0 and 3x+4y-
1) 5, 5 2) 2, 2
5=0 is
3) 5 2, 5 2 4) 5 / 2, 5 / 2 1) 7 : 3 2) 3 : 7 3) 2 : 3 4) 3 : 4
11. Angles made with the x - axis by two lines 18. The equations of the lines parallel to 4x + 3y
drawn through the point (1, 2) and cutting the + 2 = 0 and at a distance of ‘4’ units from it are
1) 4x + 3y +22 = 0, 4x + 3y – 20 = 0
2 2) 4x + 3y + 22 = 0, 4x + 3y – 18 = 0
line x + y = 4 at a distance from the point
3 3) 4x + 3y – 18 = 0, 4x + 3y – 20 = 0
(1,2) are 4) 4x – 3y – 18 = 0, 4x + 3y – 20 = 0
70 NARAYANAGROUP
POSITION OF A POINT (S) W.R.T. r r 2 r r2

LINE (S) 1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 2 2
19. The range of  for which the points
26. Consider a family of straight lines
 3 2 
 ,  2  and  2 ,   lie on opposite ( x  y )   (2 x  y  1)  0 . Find the equa
tion of the straight line belonging to this family
sides of the line 2 x  3 y  6  0
that is farthest from 1, 3 .
1) , 2 2) 0,1
1) 3 x  3 y  2  0 2) 6 x  15 y  7  0
3) , 2 0,1 4) ,1  2, 
3) 5 x  2 y  1  0 4) 6x 15y  7  0
20. If P  1  t ,2  t 
 be any point on a 27. If the line x  a  m , y  2 and y  mx are
 2 2
line then the range of values of t for concurrent , then least value of a is
which the point P lies between the
parallel lines x  2 y  1 and 2 x  4 y  15 1) 0 2) 2 3) 2 2 4) 2
is 28. If a  b  c , if ax  by  c  0
4 2 5 2 4 2 5 2 bx  cy  a  0 and cx  ay  b  0 are
1)  t  2)  t 
5 6 3 6 concurrent. Then the value of
2 1c 1 2 1a 1 2 1b1
4 2 5 2 2a b 2b c 2c a
3) t  4) t 
3 6 1) 1 2) 4 3) 8 4) 16
21. A point which lies between 2x+3y–7=0 and 29. Line ax+ by + p =0 makes angle  / 4 with
2x+3y+12=0 is
1) (5, 1) 2) (-1, 3) 3) (3, -5) 4) (7, -1) x cos   y sin   p, p  R  . If these lines
22. A line L cuts the sides AB, BC of ABC in
the ratio 2 : 5, 7 : 4 respectively. Then the line
and the line x sin   y cos    are
L cuts CA in the ratio concurrent, then
1) 7 : 10 2) 7 : –10 3) 10 : 7 4) 10 : –7 1) a 2  b 2  1 2) a 2  b 2  2
POINT OF INTERSECTION OF
LINES AND CONCURRENCY 3) 2  a 2  b 2   1 4) a 2  b 2  1
OF LINES ANGLE BETWEEN LINES
23. The number of integral values of m for which 30. If p, q, r are distinct, then
x-coordinate of point of intersection of the (q-r)x + (r-p) y + (p-q)=0 and
lines 3x+4y=9 and y = mx +1 is also an integer (q3-r3) x+ (r3-p3) y + (p3-q3) = 0 represents the
is same line if
1) 2 2) 0 3) 4 4) 11
1) p+q+r=0 2) p=q=r
24. The line parallel to the x-axis and passing 2 2 2
through the intersection of the lines 3) p +q +r =0 4) p3+q3+r3=0
ax+2by+3b=0 and bx – 2ay – 3a = 0, where (a, 31. The lines  a  b  x   a  b  y  2ab  0 ,
b)  (0, 0) is
(1)Above the x-axis at a distance of 3/2 from it  a  b  x   a  b y  2ab  0 and x  y  0 form
(2)Above the x-axis at a distance of 2/3 from it an isosceles triangle whose vertical angle is
(3)Below the x-axis at a distance of 3/2 from it
(4)Below the x-axis at a distance of 2/3 from it  1  2ab 
25. If a,b,c form a G P with common ratio r, the 1) 2) tan  2 2 
2  a b 
sum of the ordinates of the points of
intersection of the line ax+by+c=0 and the 1  a  1  a 
curve x+2y2 = 0 is 3) tan   4) 2 tan  
b b
NARAYANAGROUP 71
32. If 2(sina + sinb) x – 2sin (a – b) y = 3 and 39. Let the base of a triangle lie along the line
2(cosa+cos b ) x+2cos(a-b)y=5 are x = a and be of length a. The area of this
perpendicular then sin2a + sin 2b = triangle is a2, if the vertex lies on the line
1) sin (a-b) – 2sin (a+b) 1) x + a = 0 2) x = 0
2) sin 2(a-b) – 2sin (a+b) 3) 2x – a = 0 4) x – a = 0
3) 2sin (a-b) – sin (a+b) 40. The area bounded by y  x  1 , y   x  1
4) sin2 (a-b) – sin (a+b).
33. Two equal sides of an isoceles triangle are 1) 1 2) 2 3) 2 2 4) 4
given by 7 x  y  3  0 and x  y  3  0 and 41. The area enclosed by 2 x  3 y  6 is
the third side passes through the point (1, 1) 3 sq. units 2) 4 sq. units
10 ) then the slope m of the third side is given 3) 12 sq. units 4) 24 sq. units
by FOOT AND IMAGE
1) 3m 2  1  0 2) m 2  1  0 42. The point on the line 3x  2 y  1 which is
3) 3m  8m  3  0
2 4) m  3  0
2 closest to the origin is
34. The diagonal of a square is 8x – 15y = 0 and  3 2 5 2 3 2  3 2 
one vertex of the square is (1, 2). Then the 1)  13 , 13  2)  11 , 11  3)  5 , 5  4)  13 , 13 
       
equations to the sides of the square passing
43. The reflection of y= x w.r.t. y-axis is
through the vertex are
1) 22x + 8y = 9, 22x – 8y = 52 1) y = - x 2) y = x
2) 23x + 7y = 9, 7x – 23y = 52
3) y = - x 4) x = y
3) 23x – 7y = 9, 7x + 23y = 53
4) 22x – 8y = 9, 22x + 8y = 52 44. The points (-1, 1) and (1, -1) are symmetri
cal about the line
TRIANGLES AND AREA OF THE 1) y + x = 0 2) y = x
TRIANGLE 3) x + y =1 4) x – y = 1
35. Area of triangle formed by angle bisectors of 45. The equation of perpendicular bisectors of
coordinate axes and the line x=6 in sq.units is sides AB,BC of  ABC are x-y-5=0, x+2y=0
1) 36 2) 18 3) 72 4) 9 respectively and A(1,-2) then coordinate
36. The quadratic equation whose roots are the x of C are
and y intercepts of the line passing through 1) (1,0) 2) (0,1) 3) (5,0) 4) (0,0)
(1,1) and making a traingle of area A with the CENTROID, CIRCUMCENTRE,
co -ordinate axes is ORTHOCENTRE AND INCENTRE
1) x 2  Ax  2 A  0 2) x 2  2 Ax  2 A  0 46. If one vertex of an equilateral triangle is the
3) x 2  Ax  2 A  0 4) ( x - A)(x+A) = 0 origin and side opposite to it has the equation
37. A line passing through (3,4) meets the axes x+y=1, then the orthocentre of the triangle is
 
OX and OY at A and B respectively. The 1 1 2 2
1)  ,  2)  ,  3) (1,1) 4) (1,3)
minimum area of the triangle OAB in square 3 3 3 3
units is 47. If the circum centre of the triangle lies at (0,0)
1) 8 2) 16 3) 24 4) 32
and centroid is middle point of  a 2  1, a 2  1
QUADRILATERALS AND AREA OF
and (2a,-2a) then the orthocentre lies on
THE QUADRILATERALS 2 2
38. The figure formed by the straight lines 1)  a  1 x   a  1 y  0
3x + y = 0, 3y + x = 0, 3x + y = 1, 2 2
2)  a  1 x   a  1 y  0
3y + x = 1 is 2 2
3)  a  1 x   a  1 y  56  0
1) a rectangle 2) a square
2 2
3) a rhombus 4) parallelogram 4)  a  1 x   a  1 y  56  0
72 NARAYANAGROUP
48. The orthocentre of the triangle formed by the OPTIMIZATION AND REFLECTION
lines x+y=1, 2x+3y=6 and 4x-y+9=0 lies in IN SURFACE
quadrant number
1) 1st 2) IInd 3) IIIrd 4) IVth 57. A ray of light along x  3 y  3 gets
49. If the straight lines 2x+3y-1=0, x +2y-1=0 and reflected upon reaching x-axis, the equation
ax + by –1 = 0 form a triangle with origin as of the reflected ray is [JEE-MAINS 2013]
orthocentre, then (a,b) is giveny by 1) y  x  3 2) 3y  x  3
1) ( 6,4 ) 2) (-3,3 ) 3) ( -8,8 ) 4) ( 0,7 )
50. In  ABC, equation to AB is 2x+3y-5=0, 3) y  3 x  3 4) 3 y  x  1
altitude through A is x-y+4=0 and altitude 58. Consider the points A(0,1) and B(2,0) and P
through B is 2x-y-1=0. Then the vertex C is be a point on the line 4 x  3 y  9  0 .
 1 9 1 9  1 9  1 9  Coordinates of P such that | PA  PB | is
1)   ,  2)  ,  3)  ,  4)  , 
maximum are
 5 5 5 5 5 5  5 5
51. Centroid of the triangle, formed by the lines  24 17   84 13 
1)  5 , 5  2) 
 5
, 
5 
x+2y-5=0, 2x+y-7=0, x-y+1=0 is  
1) (1,3) 2) (3,5) 3) (2,2) 4) (1,1)  6 17 
3)  ,  4) (0, –3)
ANGULAR BISECTORS  5 5 
52. The acute angle bisector between the lines MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS
3x-4y-5=0, 5x+12y-26=0 is 59. A straight line which make equal intercepts
1) 7x-56y+32=0 2) 9x-3y+13=0 on +ve x and y axes and which is at a distance
3) 14x-112y+65=0 4) 7x-13y+9=0 '1' unit from the origin intersects the straight
53. The equation of the bisector of the angle line y  2x 3 2 at  x 0 , y 0  then 2x 0  y0 =
between the lines x-7y+5=0, 5x+5y-3=0 which
is the supplement of the angle containing the [EAM 2010]
origin will be 1) 3  2 2) 2  1 3) 1 4) 0
1) x+3y-2=0 2) x-3y+2=0 60. p is the length of the perpendicular drawn from
3) 3x-y+1=0 4) 3x+y+2=0 the origin upon a straight line then the locus
54. Reflection of 3x+4y+5 =0 w.r.to the line of mid point of the portion of the line
2x+y+1=0 is intercepted between the coordinate axes is
1. 2x+1=0 2. 2x-1=0
3. 5x-1=0 4. 5x+1=0 1 1 1 1 1 2
1) 2
 2  2 2) 2
 2  2
55. Two sides of a Rhombus ABCD are parallel to x y p x y p
the lines x-y=5 and 7x-y=3. The diagonals 1 1 4 1 1 1
intersect at (2,1) then the equations of the 3) 2
 2  2 4) 2  2 
x y p x y p
diagonals are
1) x-y=1, 7x-y=13 2) x+y=3,x+7y=9 61. Equation of the line passing through the point
3) x+2y=4, 2x-y=3 4) 3x+4y=10, 4x-3y=5 (2,3) and making intercept 2 units between
the lines y+2x=3, y+2x=5 is
56. Let P = (-1,0) Q=(0,0) and R=(3, 3 3 ) be three 1) x=2 2) y=3 3) x+y=5 4) x+y=7
points. Then the equation of the bisector of 62. The number of lines that can be drawn through
angle PQR is ( AIEEE 2007) the point (4,-5) at a distance of 10 units from
3 the point (1,3) is
1) x+y=0 2) x + 3 y = 0 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) Infinite
2
63. The number of circles that touch all the 3 lines
3 2x + y = 3, 4x - y = 3, x + y = 2 is
3) 3x+y=0 4) x + y=0
2 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4
NARAYANAGROUP 73
LEVEL-II (C.W)- KEY 19. Points lie on opposite sides of the line
1) 1 2) 1 3) 1 4) 3 5) 2 6) 1  L11L22  0
7) 3 8) 2 9) 3 10) 3 11) 3 12) 2
13) 3 14) 2 15) 1 16) 4 17) 2 18) 2 5  3  32  6  0    2 1  0
19) 3 20) 2 21) 3 22) 4 23) 1 24) 3
  , 2  0,1
25) 3 26) 4 27) 3 28) 3 29) 2 30) 1
31) 2 32) 2 33) 3 34) 3 35) 1 36) 2 20. Origin, P lies opposite side to the first line and same
37) 3 38) 3 39) 1 40) 2 41) 3 42) 4 side to the second line
43) 2 44) 2 45) 3 46) 1 47) 1 48) 2 21. Verify L p L1p  0 for options
49) 3 50) 2 51) 3 52) 3 53) 1 54) 3
55) 3 56) 3 57) 2 58) 1 59) 2 60) 3  BD   CE   AF 
22.      1
61) 1 62) 1 63) 2  DC   EA   FB 
LEVEL-II (C.W)- HINTS 5
23. By solving, given equations we get x 
a1 b1 3  4m
1.  x is an ineger of 3  4m  1, 5 ,
a2 b2
 integral values of m are -1,-2
2. sin   cos tan   1 24. Eq. of required line parallel to x-axis
3.  0, 4  lies on perpendicular bisector PQ  slope  0     a / b
4. By solving   6  1 and 2   5  5 we get Equation = 2y + 3 = 0
P(1,5) , Q(5,1) 25. By solving two equations we get 2 y 2  ry  r 2  0
5. New position of AB makes 150  450 inclination 26. Line to perpendicular to line joining 1, 3 and
with x-axis
point of concurrency
 2  27. by eliminating x,y from three equations we get –2
6. A   3,0  B  4,0  ; c   2  , 0 
 m  = m (a + m)  m 2  am  2  0
7. Intercepts between the axes made by the given lines Since m  R  dis  0
2
are a 2, ar 2, ar 2 ...............  a2  8  0  a  2 2
8. Midpoints of intercepts of given lines are (1,1) ,
(3/2,1) 28. a  b  c  0 ; a 3  b3  c3  3abc
9. mx  ny  mx1  ny1 29. ax  by  c  0 is angle bisector of given two lines.
10.   1350  900 , P = 5 q3  r 3 r 3  p3 p 3  q3
30.  
q  r r  p pq
11. r  2 3 ,  x1 , y1   1, 2 
m1  m2
12. Find the distance between  0, 0  and midpoint of 31. tan   1  m m
1 2
 a cos  , a sin   and  a cos  , a sin   32. m m  1

1 2
3 4 m7 m 1
13. a 33.   3m2  8m  3  0
2 5 1  7m 1 m
14. Point of intersection   2,1  and verification m  tan 
34. By using
15. Put   45 and use perpendicular distance formula 1  m tan 
16. Verify the distance between the parllel lines required slopes are 23/7,-7/23
17. distance between 3x+4y+2=0 & 3x+4y+5=0 35. Equations of the angular bisectors of the
distance between 3x+4y+2=0 & 3x+4y-5=0 axes are y  x and y   x
18. ax  by  c  d a 2  b 2  0 1
36. a  b  ab , ab  A
2
74 NARAYANAGROUP
37.  p , q    3, 4  then minimum area = 2pq 58. P.I of given line and AB
59. Equation of the straight line having equal intercepts
38. Adj sides are not perpendicular and d1  d 2 is x+y = k and proceed.
39. Area  a 2  height of   2a 60. Equate the distance from  0, 0  to the line
40. From the diagram required area
x y
1  2
 4  a r ea o f    4    2
2 x1 y1
1 61. Verification
41. required area is 2
 6  4  12 sq. units 62. AB<d
42. Foot of the perpendicular 63. Given lines are concurrent.
43. The image of  x, y  w.r.to y-axis is   x, y 
LEVEL - II (H.W)
44. Required line is perpendicular bisector of AB
45. B is image of A w.r.to x-y-5=0 SLOPE OF A LINE
C is image of B w.r.to x-2y=0 1. If the inclination of the line
1 1 3
46. Foot of the perpendicular D   2 , 2  (2-k) x-(1-k) y+ (5-2k) = 0 is then the value
 
4
G(=O) divides median in the ratio 2:1
47. Line joing circumcentre and centroid of k is
48. apply (a1a2+b1b2) L3 =(a1a3+b1b3) L2=(a2a3+b2b3)L1 5 3 2 3
49. Equation of AO is 1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 3 2
 2 x  3 y  1    x  2 y  11  0 passes through 2. If the line joining the points (at 1, 2at1) (at22,
2
(0,0)    1 2at2) is parallel to y=x then t1+t2=

Since AO  BC we have a=-b 1 1
similarly apply BO  AC 1) 2) 4 3) 4) 2
2 4
50. Orthocentre =(5,9)
Altitude through C which is perpendicular to SLOPE-INTERCEPT FORM,SLOPE-
AB is 3x-2y+3=0
POINT FORM AND TWO-POINT
51. Apply L11  L22  L33 FORM
3. The line 2x+3y+12=0 cuts the axes at
52. a1a2  bb ,
1 2  32  0 c1c2  130  0 A & B. Then the equation of the perpendicular
a1 x  b1 y  c1 a 2 x  b2 y  c 2 bisector of AB is
Use 
2 2
a b1 1 a 22  b22 1) 3x-2y+5=0 2) 3x-2y+7=0
53. Bisector not containg origin is 3) 3x-2y+9=0 4) 3x-2y+8=0
a1 x  b1 y  c1 a 2 x  b2 y  c 2 4. If t1, t2 are roots of the equation t 2  t  1  0

a12  b12 a 22  b22 where λ is an arbitary constant, then the line
 c1 , c2 haveopposite signs  joining the points (at12 , 2at1 ) (at 2 2 , 2at 2 ) al-
54.  l 2  m2   ax  bx  c   2  al  bm lx  my  n ways passes through the fixed point
1) (-a, 0) 2) (0,a) 3) (a,0) 4) (0,-a)
55. Diagonals are parallel to angular bisectors. 5. ABCD is a parallelogram. Equations of AB and
56. T divides PR in the ratio PQ:QR=1:6 AD are 4x + 5y = 0 and 7x + 2y = 0 and the
1 equation of diagonal BD is 11x + 7y + 9=0. The
57. Slope of reflected ray is and it passing through equation of AC is
3
1) x + y = 0 2) x – y = 0
y 0 1
 
3, 0 is
x 3

3
3y  x  3
3) x + y + 1 = 0 4) x + y – 1 = 0
NARAYANAGROUP 75
INTERCEPTS AND INTERCEPT 14. The distance between the Straight lines
FORM y=mx+c1, y=mx+c2 is |c1-c2| then m =
6. The equation of the straight line whose 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 3
intercepts on x-axis and y-axis are 15. Distance between parallel lines 4x+6y+8=0,
respectively twice and thrice of those by the 6x+9y+15=0 is
line 3x + 4y = 12, is 1) 2 / 13 2) 1 / 13 3) 3 / 13 4) 4 / 13
1) 9x + 8y = 72 2) 9x - 8y = 72 16. 2x + 3y – 5 = 0, 2x + 3y + 15 = 0,
3) 8x + 9y = 72 4) 8x+9y+72=0 x + y – 7 = 0, x + y + 7 = 0 are sides of a
7. The equation of a straight line parallel to 2x + parallelogram. Then the centre of the
3y + 11 = 0 and which is such that the sum of parallelogram is
its intercepts on the axes is 15. 1) (–5,–5) 2) (5,–5) 3) (–5,5) 4) (5,5)
1) 2x+3y=15 2) 3x+2y=10 17. The distance of the point (3, 5) from the line
3) 2x-3y=10 4) 2x+3y=18 2x + 3y – 14 = 0 measured parllel to the line
8. The straight line through P(1, 2) is such that x – 2y = 1 is
its intercept between the axes is bisected at P. 7 7
Its equation is 1) 2) 3) 5 4) 13
5 13
1) x + 2y = 5 2) x + y – 3 = 0 18. Equation of the straight line passing through
3) x – y + 1 = 0 4) 2x + y – 4 = 0 (1,1) and at a distance of 3 units from
9. If (4, –3) divides the line segment between the (–2, 3) is
axes in the ratio 4 : 5 then its equation is
1) x – 2 = 0 2) 5x – 12y + 6 = 0
1) 15x + 16y – 12 = 0 2) 3x – 4y – 24 = 0
3) 15x – 16y +108 = 0 4) 15x – 16y – 108 = 0 3) 5x – 12y + 7 = 0 4) y – 1 = 0
NORMAL FORM AND SYMMETRIC POSITION OF A POINT (S) W.R.TO
FORM LINE (S)
19. If L1,L 2 denote the lines x + 2y – 2 = 0,
10. If a line AB makes an angle  with OX and is
2x + 3y + 4 = 0
at a distance of p units from the origin then 1) L1 is nearer to origin than L2
the equation of AB is 2) L2 is nearer to origin than L1
1) xsin  – ycos  = p 2) xcos  + ysin  = p 3) L1,L2 are equidistant from origin 4) can’t say
3) xsin  + ycos  = p 4) xcos  – ysin  = p 20. If the point (a, a) falls between the lines
11. The parametric equation of a line is given by |x+y|=2, then:
r r 1
x  2  a nd y  1  3 1) | a |=2 2) | a |=1 3) | a |<1 4) | a |< 2
10 10
21. If (2a-3,a2-1) is on the same side of the line x
Then, for the line
+ y - 4 = 0 as that of origin then the set of
7 values of ‘a’ is
1) intercept on the x  axis 
3 1) (-4,2) 2) (-2,4) 3)(-7,8) 4)(-7,5)
2) intercept on the y  axis  7 22. The range of values of the ordinate of a
3) slope of the line =1/3 4) slope of the line =3 point moving on the line x=1 and allways
PROBLEMS ON DISTANCES remaining in the interior of the triangle
formed by the lines y = x, the x-axis and
12. A straight line through the origin 'O' meets the
x+y=4
parallel lines 4 x  2 y  9 and 2 x  y  6  0 at 1) (0,1) 2) (0,2) 3) (1,2) 4) (2,1)
points P and Q respectively, then point O POINT OF INTERSECTION OF
divides the segment PQ in the ratio LINES AND CONCURRENCY
1) 1 : 2 2) 3 : 4 3) 2 : 1 4) 4 : 3
13. The lengths of the perpendiculars from
OF LINES
(m2, 2m), (mn, m + n) and (n2, 2n) to the straight 23. If the line x  1  y  2  t intersects the line
line 2 3
x cos  + y sin  + sin  tan  = 0 are in x+y=8 then t =
1) A.P. 2) G.P. 3) H.P. 4) A.G.P. 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
76 NARAYANAGROUP
24. Equation of line which is equally inclined to 34. Let there are two lines 2x  3y    0 and
the axis and passes through a common points  x  3y  1  0 . If the origin lies in the obtuse
of family of lines 4acx + y(ab + bc + ca – abc)
angle then
+ abc = 0 (where a, b, c > 0 are in H.P.) is
9
7 7 1)   2) 2    0
1) y – x = 2) y  x  2
4 4 9
1 3
3) 0    4) None of these
2
3) y  x  4) y  x 
4 4 TRIANGLES, AREA OF THE
25. If a,b,c in GP then the line a2x+b2y +ac=0 al- TRIANGLE
ways passes through the fixed point 35. The area of the triangle formed by the axes
1) (0, 1) 2) (1, 0) 3) (0, -1) 4) (1, -1) and the line (cosh  - sinh  ) x+ (cosh  +
26. If U  x+y-2 =0, V  2x-3y+1=0, the point of sinh  ) y=2 in square units is
intersection of the lines 50U+7V=0, 3U+11V=0 1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1
is 36. The equation to the base of an equilateral
1) (0,0) 2) (1,0) 3) (0,1) 4) (1,1)
27. The straight lines x+2y-9=0, 3x+5y-5=0 and    
triangle is 3  1 x  3  1 y  2 3  0
ax+by-1 are concurrent if the straight line and opposite vertex is A(1,1) then the Area
22x-35y-1=0 passes through the point of the triangle is
1) (a, b) 2) (b,a) 3) (-a,b) 4) (-a, -b)
28. The equation of the line passing through the 1) 3 2 2) 3 3 3) 2 3 4) 4 3
point of intersection of the lines 2x+y=5 and 37. Equation of the line on which the perpendicular
y=3x-5 and which is at the minimum distance from the origin makes an angle of 30o with X-
from the point (1,2) is 50
1) x+y=3 2) x-y=1 3) x-2y=0 4) 2x+5y=7 axis and which forms a triangle of area
3
29. Given a family of lines a(2x + y + 4) + b (x with the axes is
– 2y – 3) = 0. The number of lines belonging to
1) 2 x  2y  9 2) 2 x  3y   9
the family at a distance 10 from P(2, –3) is
3) 3 x  y   10 4) 3 x  y   10
1)0 2)1 3)2 4)4
ANGLE BETWEEN LINES QUADRILATERALS AND AREA OF
30. The acute angle between the lines THE QUADRILATERALS
lx + my = l+m, l (x-y) + m (x+y) = 2m is 38. The point (2,3) is reflected four times about
co-ordinate axes continuously starting with x-
    axis. The area of quadrilateral formed in
1) 2) 3) 4)
4 6 2 3 sq.units is
31. The angle between the lines xcos  +ysin  1) 24 2) 6 3) 12 4) 5
= p1 and xcos  +ysin  =p2 where    is 39. Area of the quadrilateral formed by the lines
1)    2)    3)  4) 2   4y  3x  a  0 , 3y  4x  a  0 , 4y 3x3a 0 ,
32. One vertex of an equilateral triangle is (2,3) 3y  4x  2a  0 is
and the equation of one side is x-y+5=0. Then
a2 a2 2a 2 2a 2
the equations to other sides are 1) 2) 3) 4)
5 7 7 9
1) y–3=–(2  3 )(x–2) 2) y–3=( 2  1)(x–2)
40. Two sides of a rectangle are 3x+4y+5-0, 4x-
3) y–3=( 3  1)(x–2) 4) y-3=( 5  1)(x–2) 3y+15=0 and its one vertex is (0,0). Then the
33. Two equal sides of an isosceles triangle are area of the rectangle is
given by the equations 7x–y+3=0 and 1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1
x+y–3=0. The slope of the third side is 41. The area enclosed with in the curve |x|+|y|=1
1 1 1 1 is
1) 3, 2) 3,  3) 3, 4) 3,  1) 1 2) 2 3) 2 2 4) 4
3 3 3 3
NARAYANAGROUP 77
FOOT AND IMAGE 49. The equation x  2 y  3 represents the side

42. Foot of the perpendicular of  6,8 in the line BC of ABC ; where co-ordinates of A aree
x  y is 1, 2  . If the x-coordinate of the orthocentre
1) (6,6) 2) (7,7) 3) (–6,–6) 4) (–7,–7) of ABC is 3 then the
43. P is the midpoint of the part of the line 3x+y- y-coordinates of the orthocentre is :
2=0 intercepted between the axes. Then the 1) 4 2) 6 3) 8 4) 10
image of P in origin is 50. The vertices A,B of a triangle are
1
(2, 5), (4, -11). If C moves on the line
  1 
1)   1,  3  2)   , 4 
3
L  9x+7y+4=0, then the locus of centroid of
    triangle ABC is parallel to
 1  1) AB 2) AC 3) BC 4) L
3)   3 ,  1  4) (-2, -3) 51. Two si des of a t r iangl e ar e y = m 1 x and
 
y = m2 x; m1, m2 are the roots of the equation
44. The image of the point P (3,5) with respect to x2 + ax –1 = 0. For all values of ‘a’ the
the line y = x is the point Q and the image of orthocentre of the triangle lies at
Q with respect to the line y = 0 is the point R  3 3
(a,b), then (a, b)= 1) (1, 1) 2) (2, 2) 3)  ,  4) (0,0)
 2 2
1) (5,3) 2) (5,-3) 3) (-5,3) 4) (-5,-3)
ANGULAR BISECTORS
45.. The equation of perpendicular bisector ofr AB
52. Equation of the line equidistant from the lines
and AC of a triangle ABC are x-y-5=0 and
2x+y+4=0, 3x+6y-5=0 is
x+2y=0 respectively. If A=(1,-2) then the 1) 3x-3y+17=0 2) 5x+7y-5=0
equation of BC is 3) 3x-3y+19=0 4) 9x-9y+17=0
1) 14x+2y-41=0 2) 11x+2y-25=0 3) 2x- 53. Find the equation of the bisector of the angle
y-10=0 4) 14x-23y+40=0 between the lines x+2y–11=0, 3x–6y–5=0
CENTROID, CIRCUMCENTRE, which contains the point (1,–3).
1) 2 x  19  0 2) 2 x  19  0
ORTHOCENTRE AND INCENTRE
3) 3x  19  0 4) 3x  19  0
46. Let O(0, 0), P(3, 4), Q (6, 0) be the vertices 54. The line 3x-3y+17=0 bisects the angle between
of the triangle OPQ.The point R inside the a pair of lines of which one line is 2x+y+4=0,
triangles OPQ is such that the traingles then the equation to the other line is
OPR,PQR. OQR are of equal area. The 1) 3x+6y-5=0 2) 3x+6y-7=0
coordinates of R are 3) 7x+14y=0 4) 4x-y+3=0
55. The equation of a straight line passing through
4   2  4 4 2 the point (4,5) and equally inclined to the lines
1)  ,3  2)  3,  3)  3,  4)  , 
3   3  3 3 3 3x=4y+7 and 5y=12x+6 is
47. If the circumcentre of the triangle lies at (0,0) 1) 9x-7y=1 2) 9x+7y=1
and centroid is mid point of the line joining the 3) 7x-9y=1 4) 7x-9 y=17
points (2,3) and (4,7),then its orthocentre lies 56. If 2x+y-4=0 is bisector of the angle between
onthe line the lines a(x–1)+b(y–2)=0, c(x–1)+d(y–2)=0,
then the other bisector is
1) 5x-3y=0 2) 5x-3y+6=0 1. x – 2y + 1 = 0 2. x – 2y – 3 = 0
3) 5x+3y=0 4) 5x+3y+6=0 3. x – 2y + 3 = 0 4. x - 2y – 5 = 0
48. The orthocentre of the triangle formed by the
OPTIMIZATION AND REFLECTION
lines x+y=6, 2x+y=4 and x+2y=5 is
IN SURFACE
1) 10, 11 2)  10,11 57. A ray of light passing through the point (8,3)
and is reflected at (14,0) on x axis. Then the
3) 11, 10  4)  11, 10  equation of the reflected ray
1) x+y=14 2) x-y=14 3) 2y=x-14 4) 3y=x-14
78 NARAYANAGROUP
58. Let P(1,1) and Q(3,2) be given points. The LEVEL-II (H.W)-HINTS
point R on the x-axis such that PR+RQ is
3 2  k
minimum is 1. tan 
4 1 k
5  3  2. Slope of the parllel lines are equal
1)  , 0  2)  2, 0  3)  3, 0  4)  , 0 
3  2  3. A  6,0  B  0, 4  perpendicular bisector of AB
MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS
3
59. The vertices of triangle are is y  2   x  3
2
A(m, n), B (12,19) and C (23, 20), where m
4. Equation of the line is y  t1  t2   2at1  t1  t 2 
and n are integer. If its area is 70 and the
slope of the median through A is –5, then = 2 x  2at12
m+n is 5. by solving AB,BD we get B(-5/3, 4/3)
1) 47 2) 27 3) 107 4) 43 by solving AD,BD we get D(2/3, -7/3)
60. Number of circles touching the lines mid point of B.D lies on AC
3x+4y–1=0, 4x–5y+2=0 and 6x+8y+3=0 is 6. a  8, b  6
1)0 2) 2 3)4 4) infinite 7. sum of the intercepts of the line 2x+3y+k=0
61. The pont on the line 3 x  4 y  5 which is is 15.
equidistance from (1,2) and ( 3,4) is k  k
(EAM 2009)   15
2 3
1 8  5 nx my
1)  7, 4  2) 15, 10  3)  ,  4)  0,  a b
7 7  4 8.  ,   1, 2  9. x  y  m  n
2 2 1 1
62. The number of points p(x,y) with natural
numbers as coordinates that lie inside the 10. The line makes an angle  with x-axis then its
quadrilateral formed by the lines perpendicular makes an angle     900
2 x  y  2, x  0, y  0 and x  y  5 is 11. Point (–2,1) slope = 3
(EAM- 2011) OP 9 / 20 9 3
1) 12 2) 10 3) 6 4) 4 12.  OQ  6 / 5  12  4  3:4
63. A point moves in the xy plane such that the
sum of its distance from two mutually 13. Put   0 then given equation of line is x=0
perpendicular lines is always equal to 5
c1  c2
units.The area ( in square units) enclosed by 14.  c1  c2
the locus of the point (EAM- 2012) 1  m2
25 15. multiply first equation by 3 and second
1) 2) 25 3) 50 4) 100 equation by 2
4
16. Centre lies on a line parallel to given lines and
LEVEL-II (H.W)- KEY mid way between them
1) 4 2) 4 3) 1 4)1 5) 2 6) 1 ax1  by1  c 1
7) 4 8) 4 9) 4 10) 1 11) 4 12) 2 17. where tan  
a cos   b sin  2
13) 2 14) 1 15) 2 16) 2 17) 3 18) 3
19) 1 20) 3 21)1 22)1 23) 1 24) 1 18. verification 19. verification
25) 3 26) 4 27) 2 28) 1 29)2 30) 1 20. From the figure 1  a  1 i.e. | a | 1.
31) 2 32) 1 33) 1 34) 3 35) 3 36) 3 Y
37) 4 38) 1 39) 3 40) 2 41) 2 42) 2
B
43) 3 44) 2 45) 2 46) 3 47) 1 48) 4
49) 2 50) 4 51) 4 52) 1 53) 3 54) 1 C
O X
A
55) 1 56) 3 57) 3 58) 1 59) 3 60) 2
61) 2 62) 3 63) 3 D
NARAYANAGROUP 79
21. since L0  0 we have LA  0 37. Equation of the line is xcos300+ysin300 =P

22. From figure 0 < ordinate of P<1 38. A  2,3 B  2,3 C  2  3 D  2, 3
23. Point (2t+1,3t+2) lies on x+y=8 39. The area of the parallelogram formed by the lines
24. Lines can be written a1x + b1y + c1 = 0, a2x + b2 y + d1=0, a1x + b1y +
4 3 1  c1  c2  d1  d 2 
x  y    1  y  0 ,  4x  3y   1  y  0
b b b c2= 0, a2x + b2 y + d2= 0 is
a1b2  a 2 b1
 3  Sq.units.
 Lines are concurrent at   4 ,1 
  40. The perpendicular distance from orign lines are a,b.
 3 Then area = ab
 Required line is y  1   1  x  4  41. From the diagram required area
 
 4  area of    2
25. Given equation is a 2 x  b2  y  1  0
42. Use foot of the perpendicular formula
26. Point of intersection of u & v
1 
1 2 9 43. Midpoint of intercepts is  ,1
3 
27. 3 5  5  0 44. Image of P(3,5) w. r to the line
a b 1
y = x is Q(5,3)
28. The point 1,2  lies on L1   L2  0 45. B,C are images of A w.r.to given lines
46. Centroid  OPQ
a (4  3  4)  b(2  6  3) 47. circumcentre,centroid and orthocentre lies on
29. P   10
asame line.
(2a  b) 2  (a  2b) 2
48. Use formula given in synopsis
25 (a + b)2 = 10 (5a2 + 5b2)
25 (a - b)2 = 0; a = b 49. A D  B C
m m   2   1
1
30. tan   1  m m
2    1
1 2  3  1   2 
a1a 2  b1b2
or 2    4
31. cos   a  b12 a 22  b22
2   6    6 .
1
50. Choose C   ,  
m  tan 
32. apply
1  m tan    6  6 
G  x1 , y 1    , 
m1  m m2  m  3 3 
33. Apply 1  m m   1  m m    3 x1  6 ,   3 y 1  6
1 2
34. Origin will lie in obtuse angle if cc  aa   bb   0 Substance  ,   lies on L=0
   2  3  3  0    2  9   0 51. given triangle is right angled at origin
52. Angular bisector
 9 53. Using formula given in synopsis
 9  2 2  0    0, 
 2 54. Verify angular bisector formula
c2 55.  x1 , y1    4,5 
35.   2 ab
9 7
36. Area of an equilateral triangle is ,
Slope of angle of bisector are
7 9
h2 56. required bisector is perpendicular to given and
where h is the height of the triangle passes through (1,2)
3
80 NARAYANAGROUP
57. Write the image of  8,3 in X-axis and write the 3. A particle is moving in a straight line and at
some moment it occupied the positions (5,2)
equation through that point and 14,0  and (-1,-2). Then the position of the particle
when it is on x-axis is
58. Image of P in x-axis is P1  1, 1 , R is intersection 1) (-2, 0) 2) (0, 2) 3) (2, 0) 4) (4, 0)
of x-axis and line QP1 4. If PS is the median of the triangle with verti-
ces P(2,2), Q(6,-1) and R(7,3) then the equa-
59. Area  70  m  11n  337 tion of the line passing through (1,-1) and par-
median slope  5  5m  n  107 allel to PS (AIEEE 2014)
60. Two lines are parallel 1) 4x-7y-11=0 2) 2x+9y+7=0
61. Required point p  x1 , y1  lies on given line 3) 4x+7y+3=0 4) 2x-9y-11=0
then 3x1  4 y1  5 and PA=PB  x1  y1  5 5. The Point P(2 , 1 ) is shifted by 3 2 parallel
62. Draw the diagram and observe the points to the line x  y  1 , in the direction of
increasing ordinate, to reach Q. The image of
1,1 , 1, 2  ,  2,1 ,  2, 2  , 1, 3 and  3,1 are
Q by the line x  y  1 is
inside of quadrilateral.
1)  5, 2  2)  1, 4  3)  3, 4  4)  3, 2 
63. From given data x  y  5 hence required
6. Distance of origin from line
2
2 5
area   50 1  3  y  1  3  x  10 along the line
11
y  3x  k is
LEVEL - III 1) 5 / 2 2) 5 / 2  k 3) 10 4) 5
7. One of the diagonals of a square is the p o r -
1. The line 3x-2y = 24 meets x-axis at A and x y
y-axis at B. The perpendicular bisector of AB tion of the line  2 intercepted b e -
2 3
meets the line through (0, -1) and parallel to tween the axes. Then the extremities of the
x-axis at C. Then C is other diagonal are
 7   15  1)  5,5 ,  1,1 2)  0,0  ,  4, 6 
1)  , 1 2)  , 1
 2   2 
3)  0,0  ,  1,1 4)  5,5  ,  4,6 
 11    13 
3)  , 1 4)  2 ,  1  8. If the line y  3x cuts the curve
 2   
2. A square of side " a " lies above the x-axis x 3  y 3  3xy  5 x 2  3 y 2  4 x  5 y  1  0 at
and has one vertex at the origin. The side
the points A,B,C then OA.OB.OC is
passing through the origin makes an angle
4

 where 0    with the positive
1)
13
3 3 1  2) 3 3  1
4
2
direction of x - axis. The equation of its 3) 7 4) 3 3  1
diagonal not passing through the origin is 3
9. Each side of a square is of length 4. The centre
1) y  cos   sin    x(cos   sin  )  a of the square is (3, 7) and one of its diagonals
2) y  cos   sin    x (sin   cos  )  a is parallel to y=x. Then
co-ordinates of its vertices are
3) y  cos   sin    x(sin   cos  )  a 1) (1,5), (1,9), (5,9), (5,5)
2) (2,5), (2,7), (4,7), (4,4)
4) y  cos   sin    x(cos   sin  )  a 3) (2,5), (2,6), (3,5), (3,6)
4) (5,2), (6,2), (5,3), (6,3)
NARAYANAGROUP 81
10. If the line y  3x  3  0 cuts the curve 15. Three lines x  2 y  3  0 ; x  2 y  7  0

y 2  x  2 at A and B and point on the line P and 2 x  y  4  0 form the three sides of
two squares. The equation to the fourth
is  
3, 0 then P A.P B  side of each square is
1) 2 x  y  14  0 and 2 x  y  6  0
1)
4  32  2)
4 2 3  2) 2 x  y  14  0 and 2 x  y  6  0
3 3
3) 2 x  y  14  0 and 2 x  y  6  0
3)
4 3
4)
2  3 2 
2 3
4) 2 x  y  14  0 and 2 x  y  6  0
11. Points A and B are in the first quadrant; point x y
16. The line L given by   1 passes through
' O ' is the origin. If the slope of OA is 1, slope 5 b
of OB is 7 and OA  OB , then the slope of AB the point 13,32  . The line K is parallel to L
is
x y
1 1 1 1 and has the equation   1 . Then the
c 3
1)  2)  3)  4) 
5 4 3 2 distance between L and K is
12. The line joining the points A(3,0) and B(5,2) is [AIEEE-2010]
rotated about A in the anticlockwise direction
17 23 23
through an angle of 150 . If B goes to C in the 1) 17 2) 3) 4)
15 17 15
new position now the line joining A and C is
rotated about A in the anticlockwise direction 17. If the line 2x  y  k passes through the point
which divides the line segment joining the
through an angle of 450 of C goes to D in the
points (1, 1) and (2, 4) in the ratio
new position, then the coordinates of D are
3 : 2, then k equals [AIEEE - 2012]

1) 4  3, 3  1  
2) 4  3, 3  1 29 11
1) 2) 5 3) 6 4)

3) 4  3, 3  1  
4) 4  3, 3  1 5 5
13. The equation of the line passing through (1,2) 18. If the point P  a 2 , a  lies in the region
and having a distance equal to 7 units corresponding to the acute angle between the
from the point (8,9) is
lines 2 y  x and 4 y  x , then
1) y  3x  1 2) y  2
3) x  1 4) x  y  3 1) a   2, 4 2) a  (2, 4]
14. Find the values of non-negative real numbers 3) a   2,5 4) a   2,4 
h1 , h2 , h3 , k1 , k2 , k3 such that the algebraic sum 19. The set of values of ‘b’ for which the origin
of the perpendiculars drawn from points and the point (1,1) lie on the same side
 2, k1  ,  3, k2  ,  7, k3  ,  h1,4 ,  h2 , 5 , of the straight line
3 
h , 3 on a variable line passing through a 2 x  aby  1  0,  a  R, b  0 are
1) b   2, 4  2) b   0, 2 
 2,1 is zero.
3) b  [0, 2] 4) b  [0, 3]
1) h1  h2  h3  k1  k2  k3  0
20. The equations of sides of a triangle are
2) h1  h2  h3  k1  k 2  k3  1 7x–5y–11=0, 8x+3y+31=0, x+8y–19=0. Then
the point (0,0) lies
3) h1  h2  h3  k1  k2  k3  2
1) inside of triangle 2) outside of triangle
4) h1  h2  h3  k1  k2  k3  4 3) on the triangle 4) can’t say
82 NARAYANAGROUP
21. If the points of intersection of lines 29. Consider the family of lines
L1 : y  m1 x  k  0 and  x  y  1    2 x  3 y  5  0 and
L2 : y  m2 x  k  0  m1  m2  lies inside the  3x  2 y  4     x  2 y  6   0 ,
triangle formed by the lines equation of a straight line that belongs to both
2 x  3 y  1, x  2 y  3 and 5 x  6 y  1  0 , the families is
then true set of values of k are 1) x  2 y  8  0 2) x  2 y  8  0
 1 3   1   3 3  3) 2 x  y  8  0 4) 2 x  y  8  0
1)  3 , 2  2)  2 ,1  3)  0,  4)  2 , 0  30. If a,b and c are three consecutive odd
     2  
integers then the variable line ax+by+c=0
22. The range of value of  such that  0,  lies always passes through
on or inside the triangle formed by the 1) (2 1) 2) (1 2) 3) (-1 2) 4) (1 -2)
lines y + 3x + 2 = 0, 3y –2x–5 = 0, 31. One vertex of an equilateral triangle is (2,3)
4y +x –14 = 0 is and the equation of one side is x-y+5=0 then
the equations to the other sides are
1 5 7 1 1
1) 5    7 2)
2
   1 3)    4)   
3 2 3 2 
1) y-3 =  2  3 (x-2) 
23. The lines x  y  a , and ax  y  1 intersect 2) y-3 =  
2  1 (x-2)
each other in the first quadrant then the set of
all possible values of a is the interval 3) y-3 =  3  1 (x-2)
[ AIEEE-2011]
4) y-3 =  5  1 (x-2)
1) 0, 2) 1, 3) 1,  4) 1,1
32. L et P (2, -4) and Q (3, 1) be two given points.
24. Let a , b ,c and d be non zero numbers . If Let R (x, y) be a point such that ( x-2) (x-3) +
the point of intersection of the lines 13
4ax  2ay  c  0 and 5bx  2by  d  0 lies (y-1) (y+4) = 0. If area of PQR is , then
2
in the fourth quadrant and is equidistance the number of possible positions of R are
from the two axes then (MAINS 2014) 1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 6
1) 2bc  3ad  0 2) 2bc  3ad  0 33. If the base of an isosceles triangle is of length
3) 3bc  2ad  0 4) 3bc  2ad  0 2P and the length of the altitude dropped to
the base is q, then the distance from the mid
25. If the lines x+ay+a=0, bx+y+b=0, cx+cy+1=0 point of the base to the side of the triangle is
(a, b, c being distinct and  1) are concurrent
pq 2 pq
a b c
then the value of   = 1) 2
p q 2 2) 2
p q
2
a 1 b 1 c 1
1) -1 2) 0 3) 1 4) 3 3 pq 4 pq
26. If 2 2 2
4a  9b  c  12ab  0 then the 3) 2 2 4) p2  q2
p q
family of straight lines ax  by  c  0 is
34. If m1 and m2 are the roots of the equation
concurrent at
1) (2,3) or (-2,-3) 2) (2,-3) or (-2,6) x 2  ax  a  1  0 , then the area of the triangle
3)(-2,-4) or (-2,3) 4) (2,5) or (-1,-5) formed by the three straight lines
2 2 2
27. If a – b – c – 2bc =0, then the family of lines y  m1 x, y  m2 x and y  a  a  1 is
ax + by + c =0 are concurrent at the points
1) (1, –1) 2) (–1, 1) 3)(1, 0) 4)(–1, –1) a2  a  2 a2  a  2
1) if a 1 2) if a 1
28. If t1  t2  t3 and the lines t1x+y=2at1+at31; t2x 2 a 1 2 a 1
+ y = 2at2 + at23; t3x + y= 2at3 + at33 are
concurrent then t1 + t2 + t3 is a2  a  2 a2  a  2
3) if  2  a  1 4) if a 2
1) 0 2) -1 3) 1 4) 2 2 a 1 2 a 1
NARAYANAGROUP 83
35. The equation of a straight line L is x+y=2, and 43. For all values of  all the lines represented
L1 is another straight line perpendicular to L by the equation (2cos  + 3 sin )x + (3cos 
and passes through the piont (1/2, 0), then area
- 5sin  ) y - (5cos  - 2sin  ) = 0 passes
of the triangle formed by the y-axis and the
through a fixed point then the reflection of that
lines L, L1 is
25 25 25 25 point with respect to the line x+y = 2 is
1) 2) 3) 4)
8 16 4 12 1) 
2  1, 2  1  
2) 2  1, 2  1 
36. In an isosceles triangle OAB, O is the origin
and OA = OB = 6. The equation of the side AB 3) 
3  1, 3  1 4) 
3  1, 3  1 
is x-y+1=0. Then the area of the triangle is
44. The conbined equation of straight linest h a t
142 71 can be obtained by reflecting the lines
1) 2 21 2) 142 3) 4)
2 2 y  x  2 in the y-axis is
37. An equilateral triangle is constructed
between two parallel lines 3x  y  6  0 1) y 2  x 2  4 x  4  0
and 3x  y  9  0 with base on one and 2) y 2  x 2  4 x  4  0
vertex on the other. Then the area of triangle
is 3) y 2  x 2  4 x  4  0
200 225 225 200 4) y 2  x 2  4 x  4  0
1) 2) 3) 4)
3 4 3 3 4 3 
38. Area of triangle formed by the lines 45. In ABC, B=(0, 0), AB=2, ABC  and the
2x + y – 3 = 0, x + 4y – 5 = 0 and 3
3x + 5y – 1 = 0 is middle point of BC has the co-ordinates
1) 15/2 2) 49/2 3) 27/56 4) (2, 0). Then the centroid of triangle is
7/2 5 1 5 1 
1)  ,  2)  3 , 
39. If f ( x  y )  f ( x) f ( y ) for all x and y if 3 3  3
f (1)  2, then area enclosed  5 1  5 1 
3)  ,  4)  , 
by 3 | x | 2 | y | 8 is  3 3  3 3
1) f (5) sq.units 2) f (6) sq.units 3 ) 46. In triangle ABC, co-ordinates of A are
1/ 3 f (6) sq.units 4) f (4) sq.units  1,3 and equation of medians and
40. Four sides of a quadrilateral are given by altitude through point B are 2 x  y  8 and
the equation xy  x  2  y  3  0 , thent h e 2 x  3 y  8 respectively, then
equation of the line parallel to 1) coordinates of C are (4,0)
x  4 y  0 that divides the quadrilateral 2) coordinates of C are (3,9)
into two equal parts is 3) coordinates of C are (3,3)
1) x  4 y  5  0 2) x  4 y  5  0 4) coordinates of centroid are (2,2)
47. The sides of a triangle are x+y=1, 7y = x and
3) x  4 y  1  0 4) x  4 y  1  0 3 y + x = 0. Then the following is an interior
41. L1 and L2 are two intersecting lines and the point of the traingle
angle between the image of L1 w.r.t L2 and that 1) Circumcentre 2) Centroid
of L2 w.r.t.L1 is 45o. Then the angle between L1 3) Orthocentre 4) Cannot say
and L2 is 48. If the equations of the sides of a trinagle are 2x
1) 20o 2) 15o 3) 45o 4) 60o
+ y = 2, y = x, 3 y  x  0 then which of the
42. L1 and L2 are two intersecting lines. If the image
of L1 w.r.t. L2 and that of L2 w.r.t.L1concide, then following is an exterior point of triangle.
the angle between L1 and L2 is 1) orthocentre 2) incentre
1) 35o 2) 60o 3) 90o 4) 45o 3) centroid 4) Cannot say
84 NARAYANAGROUP
49. One vertex of the equilateral triangle with cen- 55. One side of a rectangle lies along the line
troid at the origin and one side as x+y- 4x+7y+5=0. Two vertices are (-3,1), (1,1) then
2=0 is the remaining vertices are
1) 2, 2 2)  2,2 3) 2, 2 4) 2, 2  1 47   131 , 177 

1)  ,  , 
 65 65   65 65 
50. A ray of light is sent along the line
x–2y–3=0. On reaching the line  1 47   131 , 177 
2)  ,   
3x–2y–5=0, the ray is reflected from it. The  65 65   65 65 
equation of the line containing the the reflected  1 47  131 , 177 
ray. 3)  ,  
 65 65  65 65 
1) 29 x  2 y  31  0 2) 29 x  2 y  31  0 4) (1, -47), (131, 47)
56. All points lying inside the triangle formed by
3) 29 x  2 y  31  0 4) 29 x  2 y  31  0 the points (1,3), (5,0), (-1,2) satisfy
51. A light ray coming along the line 3x  4 y  5 1) 2x + y – 13 = 0 2) 3x + 2y  0
gets reflected from the line ax  by  1 and 3) 3x – 4y – 12  0 4) 4x + y = 0
57. If one vertex of an equilateral triangle of side a
goes along the line 5 x  2 y  10 . Then, lies at the origin and the other lies on the line
64 112 14 8 x  3y  0 , the coordinates of the third ver--
1) a  , b 2) a  , b
tex are
115 15 15 115
1) (0, –a) 2) (a, 0)
64 8 64 14
3) a  , b 4) a  , b   a 3 a   a 3 a 
 ,   
115 115 15 15 3)   4)  2 ,  2 
 2 2   
52. If x1 , y1 are roots of x2  8x  20  0, x2 , y2
58. let AB be a line segment of length 4 units with
are the roots of 4 x  32 x  57  0 and x3 , y3
2 the point A on the line y=2x and B on the line
y=x. Then the locus of middle point of all such
are the roots of 9 x 2  72 x  112  0, then the line segment is
1) a parabola 2) an ellipse
points  x1 , y1  ,  x2 , y2  and  x3 , y3  where 3) a hyperbola 4) a circle
xi  yi for i =1,2,3 LEVEL-III - KEY
1) 1 2) 1 3) 3 4) 2 5) 4 6) 4
1) are collinear
7) 1 8) 1 9) 1 10) 3 11) 4 12) 2
2) form an equilateral triangle 13) 2 14) 1 15) 4 16) 3 17) 3 18) 4
3) form a right angled isosceles triangle 19) 2 20) 1 21) 1 22) 3 23) 2 24) 3
4) are concyclic 25) 3 26) 1 27) 2 28) 1 29) 2 30) 4
53. Triangle is formed by the coordinates (0, 0), 31) 1 32) 1 33) 1 34) 3 35) 2 36) 4
(0, 21) and (21, 0). The number of integral 37) 2 38) 4 39) 3 40) 1 41) 2 42) 2
coordinates strictly inside triangle (integral 43) 2 44) 4 45) 2 46) 2 47) 2 48) 1
coordinates has both x and y as integers) : 49) 1 50) 3 51) 3 52) 1 53) 1 54) 2
1) 190 2) 105 3) 231 4) 205 55) 1 56) 2 57) 4 58) 2
54. Origin is the centre of the square with one of LEVEL-III - HINTS
its vertices at (3,4) then the other vertices are 1. perpendicular bisector of AB is
1) (-3, 4), (-3, -4), (3, -4)
2) (-4, 3), (-3, -4), (4, -3) 2 x  3 y  10  0............. 1
3) (-4, 3), (-4, -3), (3, -4) y  1.............  2  ,Solve the equations
4) (3, 4), (-4, -3), (4, -3)
NARAYANAGROUP 85
Y r 3 3 3r 3 3 3r 2 5r 2 9r 2 5 3r
      2r  1  0
8 8 4 4 4 2
B
 3 3 1 3 14  3 3  2  4  5 3 
 r  r  r 1  0
 8   4   2 
     
2.
 1
4  OA.OB.OC  r1r2 r3 
X
 3 3 1
O  
 8 
  9. Use  x1  r cos , y1  r sin  

Slope of BC tan    
4  0
r  2 2 And   45 ,135
0
   r 3r 
Slope of CA  cot     10. Let PA  r , then A   3  , .
4  2 2 

Equation of CA
11. tan   7

 y  a sin     cot  
    x  a cos   OA  OB  r
4 
7 1
3. equation of line through given points is 2x-3y-4=0 sin   , cos  
when cuts x-axis at (2,0) 5 2 5 2
4. S=midpoint of Q,R = (13/2,1) Y
 r 7r 
slope of PS = -2/9 B , 
 2 2
5.  x1  r cos  , y1  r sin    (  1, 4)  r
A ,
7r 

 5 2 5 2
r  3 2,   3   450
6. The slope of the line is 3 O X
Find the equation of the line passing through Now, mAB  1/ 2
origin.Then find point of intersection
12. Slope of AB  1
7. The equation of the other diagonal is
r  AB  2 2 ,   1050
x2 y3
 r
3 2 
D   x1  r cos , y1  r sin   4  3, 3 1 
13 13
D
For the extremities of the diagonal, C
r   13 . Hence x  2  3, y  3  2 B(5, 2)
x  5, 1 and y  5,1
0
Therefore, the extremities of the diagonal are 450 15
(5,5) and (-1,1). 450
8.  y  3x  x tan 60 0
O A(3, 0)
x0 y 0 r r 3
   r ;   x, y    ,  13. Distance from (8,9) to line y  2  m( x  1) is 7
cos 60 0 sin 600 2 2 
lies on m0
x 3  y 3  3xy  5 x 2  3 y 2  4 x  5 y  1  0
86 NARAYANAGROUP
14. Let the eqution of variable line be ax  by  c  0 , 19. D  0  b2  4  0  2  b  2 but b  0

6
axi  byi  c  0  b  2 ; ie., b  0, 2 
it is given that  2 2
0
i 1 a b 20. Draw the diagram
 x   y i  21. Clearly point of intersection of L1 and L2 , is
 a i   b c  0
 6   6  (0,k) which lies on y - axis.
22.
xi yi
So, the fixed point must be , . But fixed Y
6 6 4 y  x  14  0
 7
point is  2,1 so  2  3  7  h1  h2  h3  / 6  2  0, 
 2
 h1  h2  h3  0 ;  h1  0, h2  0, h3  0 y  3x  2  0  5
 0,  3y-2x-5=C
 3
( as h1 , h2 , h3 are non-negative )
O (0,0)
similarly, we get X
 5  2  (0, -2)
k1  k2  k3  4  5  3   ,0   , 0 
 2  3 
 1  k1  k2  k3  0
6
15. Hence line is 2 x  y    0 5 7
from the figure, it is clear that 
3 2
  4 10
now  ;   4  10  1 a a a 1 
5 5 23. Point of intersection =  , 
 1 a a 1 
  6 or   14   B 
since x>0, y>0 we have a+1>0 and a a  1
16. Substitute the given point. Find 'b' and equate the
slopes to find 'c' and apply distance between parallel as a  0 , a a  1 we get a>0 thus a 2  1
lines. or a  1
17. Find ratio point and substitute in the line.
24. Point  k , k  satisfies both lines then
x c d
y c  2ak , d  3bk  
2 2a 3b
x 1 a a
y
18. P a2 , a 4 b 1 b 0
25. ; Use det properties
c c 1
2
26.  2 a  3b   c 2  0
But a  0 , hence point P  a 2 , a  lies in first
2
27. a2 – (b + c)2 = 0
quadrant. (a – b – c) (a + b + c) = 0
a 2
 a  2 Either a – b – c = 0 or a + b + c = 0
We have a     0 and a     0  –a + b + c = 0
 4   2  Family of lines passing through (–1, 1) and (1, 1).
(  1,0  and P lies on same side of x  2 y  0 28. t1 , t2 , t3 roots of y  xt  2at  at 3
29. The family of lines
and 1,0  and P lies opposite sides of x 4y  0 )
 x  y  1    2 x  3 y  5  0 passes
 0  a and a   ,0    2,   through a point such that
 a   2,4  x  y 1  0 , 2x  3y  5  0
NARAYANAGROUP 87
30. a,b,c are in A.P 2

1 1
31. Let slope of another side is m 40. 4   x  k  dx  2  6  .
0
m 1
tan 600  ; 41. From diagram 3  450    150
1  m m  2  3
42. from diagram 3  1800    600
32. PQR is right angle triangle
radius = altitude 43. Intersecting 2 x  3 y  5  0 and
3x  5 y  2  0 is (1,1)
33. Consider B   p, 0  C  p,0  A  0, q 
Find the image of (1,1) w.r.to x  y  2
34. Since m1 , m2 are the roots of the
44. If we reflect y  x  2 in y-axis, it will
x 2  ax  a  1  0, so
becomes y   x  2  x  2 . The reflected
m1  m2  a; m1m2    a  1
2 2
lines are y  x  2, y   x  2 . Their combined
  m1  m2    m1  m2   4m1m2
equation is  y  x  2  y  x  2   0
2 2
 a  4  a  1   a  2  2
 y2  x  2  0
so the required area is
2
 y2  x2  4x  4  0
  
a a  2 
2 a  1 45. using symmetric form we get A  1, 3 , G 
since area is positive quantity, so we get two devides AD in the ratio 2:1
answers 46. AC : 3x  2 y  k
35. Find the area of the triangle formed by the lines
3  6  k , 3x  2 y  9
x  y  2 , 2x  2 y  1 , x  0
36. Let D is the mid point of AB M : 1,6  ,C3,9 G  2, 4 
1 47. Triangle is accute angled
OD  71
, AD  , 48. Triangle is obtuse angled
2 2 AB  2 AD
49. Let A(h,k) , D  ,   be the point on BC
2
p Then
37. required area  where p is distance between
3  2  h 2   k 
parallel lines  ,    0, 0  &     2  0 ,
 3 3 
2
38. Area of  le = where  is k 0
212 3 and    1  1
 h0 
determinent of 3 lines
gives     1 and h=k=-2
Y
Hence A(-2,-2)
B(0, 4)
1 2
C A 50. m1  , m  , m2 is slope of reflected line
X 2 3
39.  8  8 
  , 0  ,0 m1  m m  m2
 3  3 
D(0, 4) use 1  mm  1  mm
1 2
Enclosed Area ABCD= 4 Area AOB 51. ax  by  1 will be one of the bisectors of the given
1 8 64 line. Equation of bisectors of the given lines are
 4  4  sq.units.;  f  n   2n
2 3 3
3x  4 y  5  5 x  12 y  10 
1   
required area  f  6  5  13 
3
88 NARAYANAGROUP
 64 x  8 y  115 or 14 x  112 y  15
LEVEL - IV
64 8 14 12
 a , b or a  , b 
115 115 15 115 1. (A) : If  a1 x  b1 y  c1    a2 x  b2 y  c2 
19 3
52. x1  10, y1  2 & x2  , y1  +  a3 x  b3 y  c3  = 0, then the lines
2 2
28 4 a1x  b1 y  c1  0 ,
x3  , y3 
3 3 a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 , a3 x  b3 y  c3  0
53. Equation of AB is x + y = 21 can not be parallel
Number of integral solutions of x + y < 21 (R): If sum of three straight lines is identically
is 20C2 0 then they are either concurrent or parallel
54. Verification 1) A and R are true and R is the correct explaination
55. Verification of A
56. verification 2) A and R are true and R not is the correct
57. Clearly Q, R are the two positions of the third explaination of A
vertex. 3) A is true R is False 4) A is False R is True
P(acos 30º, asin 30º), Q(0, a), R(a cos 30º, –a sin 30º)
2. A:  3, 2  is lies above the line x  y  1  0
 3a a   3a a 
   , 
P
i.e.  ,  , Q(0, a) R  R: If the point P  x1 , y1  lies above the line
 2 2   2 2 
Y
L  x1 , y1 
L  ax  by  c then 0
Q(0, a) b
x  3y
1) A and R are true and R is the correct explaination
a
a a cos 300 , a sin 300 of A
30 0
X
2) A and R are true and R not is the correct
O explaination of A
R
3) A is true R is False 4) A is False R is True
3. Assertion (A): If the angle between the lines
58. Let B   ,   and middle point AB is  h, k  kx-y+6 = 0, 3x+5y+7 = 0 is  / 4 one value of
Then, A   2h   , 2k    k is -4
Reason (R): If  is angle between the lines
Y
m1  m2
with slopes m1 , m2 then tan   .
4
1  m1m2
B
1) A and R are true and R is the correct explaination
O
X of A
2) A and R are true and R not is the correct
lies on y  2 x then   4h  2k..... 1 AB  4 explaination of A
2 2 3) A is true R is False 4) A is False R is True
  h   4h  2k     k   4h  2k   4 4. I : Every first degree equation in x and y is
2 2
  3h  2 k    4h  3k   4 ax+by+c=0, a  b  0 represent a straight
or 25h2  13k 2  36hk  4 line
II : Every first degree equation in x and y can
Required locus is 25 x 2  13 y 2  36 xy  4  0 be convert into slope intecept form
Here, h 2  ab and   0 Then which of the following is true
 ellipse 1) Only I 2) only II
3) both I & II 4) neither I nor II
NARAYANAGROUP 89
5. I : Length of the perpendicular from (x1,y1) to 9. The lines L1 : y  x  0 and L2 : 2 x  y  0

a x1  b y1  c intersect the line L3 : y  2  0 at P and Q
the line ax+by+c=0 is 2 2
a b respectively. The bisector of the accute angle
II : The equation of the line passing between L1 and L2 intersect L3 at R
through(0,0) and perpendicular to ax+by+c=0 Statement - 1 : The ratio PR : RQ equals
is bx-ay=0
2 2: 5.
Then which of the following is true.
1) onlyI 2)only II Statement - 2 : In any triangle, bisector of an
3) both I & II 4) neither I nor II angle divides the triangle into two similar
6. I : The ratio in which L  ax+by+c=0 divides triangles. [AIEEE - 2011]
(1) Statement – 1 is true, Statement – 2 is true;
the line segment joining A(x1,y1) B(x2,y2) is
Statement – 2 is not a correct explanation for State-
L11 ment – 1
L22 (2) Statement – 1 is true, Statement– 2 is false.
II: the equation of the line in which (x1,y1) (3) Statement – 1 is false, Statement– 2 is true.
divides the line segment between the (4) Statement – 1 is true, Statement – 2 is true;
coordinate axes in the ratio m:n is Statement – 2 is a correct explanation for State-
nx my ment – 1
  mn 10. Observe the following list with respect to the
x1 y1
line ax+by+c=0
Then which of the following is true
List I List II
1) only I 2) only II
3) both I&II 4) neither I nor II A)Perpendicular distance from (0,0) 1)  c b
7. I:A straight line is such that the algebraic sum
of the distance from any no. of fixed points is  c c 
zero. Then that line always passes through a B) X-intercept of the line 2)  , 
a b
fixed point
II: The base of the triangle lie along the line |c|
C) Y-intercept of the line 3) | a2  b2 |
x=a and is of length a. If the area of the triangle
is a2 then the third vertex lies on x=-a or x=3a.
Then which of the following is true.  c c 
D) Circumcentre of triangle OAB 4)  , 
1) only I 2) only II  2a 2b 
3) both I & II 4) neither I nor II
where A,B are X and Y intercepts 5)  c a
8. Statement I: Normal form of line x  y  2 is
Then the correct answer is
 
x cos  y sin  1 A B C D A B C D
4 4 1) 3 5 1 2 2) 3 5 1 4
Statement II: The ratio in which the 3) 3 4 1 5 4) 1 2 3 4
perpendicular through (4,1) devides the line
joining (2,-1), (6,5) is 5:8
Which of the above statement (s) is/are true
1) Only I 2) Only II
3) Both I and II 4) Neither I nor II
90 NARAYANAGROUP
11. observe the following 8. I) normal form line x cos   y sin   p

column I column II
A) the area bounded by the P) 3 II)  L11 : L22
9. P  2, 2  , Q 1, 2 
curve max  x , y   1 is
Equation of angular bisector OR is
B) if the point (a,a) lies between Q) 2
the lines x  y  3 then number
 52 2 x    
5 2 y
 PR : RQ  2 2 : 5
of values of  a 
10. A) the perpendicular distance from  0, 0  to
is (where [.] denotes the
greatesr integer function) c
C) Number of integral values R) 4 ax  by  c  0 is
of b for which the origin and a 2  b2
the point(1,1) lie on the same c
side of the st.line B) X-Intercept
a
a 2 x  aby  1  0 for all a  R  0 c
C) Y-intercept
1) A  R, B  Q, C  P b
2) A  R, B  P, C  Q D) In right angle triangle circumcenter is mid point
of hypotenuse is
3) A  P, B  Q, C  R
4) A  P, B  R, C  Q 11. (A)  max  x , y   1
12. Equation of line passing through (1,3), If x  1 and if y  1,
perpendicular to 2x-3y+4 = 0 is ax+by+c = 0
(a>0) then ascending order of a, b, c is then x  1 and y  1
1) a, c, b 2) c, b, a  Required area  2  2
3) c, a, b 4) a, b, c (B) the line y  x cuts the lines x  y  3 ie,
LEVEL-IV - KEY
x  y  3
1) 4 2) 1 3) 1 4) 1 5) 3 6) 3
7) 3 8) 3 9) 2 10) 2 11) 1 12) 2 at x 3/2, y 3/2 or  3/2,3/2 and 3/2,3/2
LEVEL-IV - HINTS then 3/2a3/2, 0  a 3/2
1. Given lines may be parallel.
2. R is the correct explaination of A.   a   0,1
3. Using angle formula between the lines (C) since (0, 0) and (1, 1) lie on the same side.
4. Standard result
5. Standerd result So, a 2  ab  1  0
6. Standerd result  Coefficient of a 2 is >0
7. I: Consider the points D  0
 x1 , y1  x2 , y2 .......... xn , yn  b2  4  0
Alegebric sum of the perpendicular distance = to or 2  b  2
a  x1  x2 ...........  xn   b  y1  y2 .........  y n   nc  b  1, 0,1
2 2
a b  Number of values of b is 3.
II : Consider the points on the line x = a 12. Line equation is 3x+2y-9 = 0.
are A(a,0) B(a,a)
P(x,y) area of the triangle = a 2
NARAYANAGROUP 91

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THE STRAIGHT LINE JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III

THE STRAIGHT LINE

P x1  r cos , y1  r sin  

line at a distance ‘r’ units away from the point

c1  c2 iii) A point A x1, y1  and origin lies on the same or

y1  b1c2  b2c1 c1a2  c2 a1 

 yx1  xy1  xy1  yx1  0 x y 1

c) Lines are perpendicular if a1a2  b1b2  0 a1 b1 c1

a2 b2 a3 b3 a1 b1 vii) Area of parallelogram whose sides

1 iii) Image of (a , b) w.r.to y = x is (b , a )

a = Max. |x|, |y| W.E-15 : In ABC A is (1,2) if the internal angle

y  y2 If tan  > 1 then the bisector taken is the bisector

No. of lines, no. of triangles and no. of circles: 3. The straightline ax  by  c  0  a, b, c  0 

3. If the lines y = – 3x + 4, ay = x + 10 and PROBLEMS ON DISTANCES

36. Image of (1,2) w.r.t. (-2,-1) is 6. Verification

QUADRILATERALS AND AREA OF 38. If the algebraic sum of the perpendicular

4.  ( ,  ) lies on the line y=6x-1 and Q( ,  )    3

POSITION OF A POINT (S) W.R.T. r r 2 r r2

 a cos  , a sin   and  a cos  , a sin   32. m m  1

(0,0)    1 2at2) is parallel to y=x then t1+t2=

FOOT AND IMAGE 49. The equation x  2 y  3 represents the side

21. since L0  0 we have LA  0 37. Equation of the line is xcos300+ysin300 =P

10. If the line y  3x  3  0 cuts the curve 15. Three lines x  2 y  3  0 ; x  2 y  7  0

1) 2, 2 2)  2,2 3) 2, 2 4) 2, 2  1 47   131 , 177 

  9. Use  x1  r cos , y1  r sin  

14. Let the eqution of variable line be ax  by  c  0 , 19. D  0  b2  4  0  2  b  2 but b  0

30. a,b,c are in A.P 2

5. I : Length of the perpendicular from (x1,y1) to 9. The lines L1 : y  x  0 and L2 : 2 x  y  0

11. observe the following 8. I) normal form line x cos   y sin   p

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