x*1i#Hi*';iii::r

i$*l;frl,tl,"*
i*i+':';l**+:l;ii'
n:l'gng,';xlg'*
s ,-et'f'€'€'cQIJJ'JJJ +r 1' r, 1t {.t \t
{' (' a' (' 11, rl' te
g rl t1, 1' 1'

***riffi"
to my colleagues'
I owe boundlessthanks

Ht,tt$n*;fiJllrlffi;
Inn'"."J:::::n'il:1?:xiill'i"
ii#i+illi{lq"T-k':':'['#
::'"",1i":'i*l#:
'
"*o"o
l,l#'i#"'""J''
Rudorph'
Pennv
ffII,]:lil?:';T:ditor, *"- [1::;
l'n*t'**ru
;; *
#;;;;
il::xl
Psu:;*:"l':?:il
;;;i rriend'rohnLaFountain'

:*:"t'gn'"x 11
;iiior'
J:':lo"i.'H
SPrehe'
CourtneY
BoYd
LindaR' Bartolomucci
:,"Ji,:il*il;i
[GliiJi."n" xiii
b \5 5 \b 5 \) \} \) (} t|
Verify your answer by checkingthe
bottom page. Keep in mind that it is
important to be able to name the
instrument,as well as describeits function.
You can also test yourselfon the Evolve
web site (the URLis given on p. ii) by
usingthe Assessment Questionsfrom each
chapter and the drag-and-dropexercises.
After masteringthe individual
instruments,you must be able to select
and place instrumentsin order of usefor
soecificdental orocedures.At the end of
most chaotersthere is an examoleo{ a
tray setup that showsthe instruments
coveredin that chapter.The array may
includeinstrumentsfrom other chaptersto
portray a completetray setup.For example,
r| $ l, 1) t} r^} r| \b .b
'1,
some of the instrumentsfrom Chapter
such as the basicsetup (i.e.,mouth mirror,
explorer,and cotton forceps),are included
on all tray setups.Also,the tray setupsin
this text include only instrumentsand not
the auxiliaryitemsthat would be used for
dental procedures.
The designelementsof flash card-style
learning,comprehensivechaptersfor
specificdental procedures,and examples
of tray setupscan help you masteran
imoortant and intricate Dart of dental
practice.lwlsh you all successin the field
of dentistry.I know you will be a great
assetto the dental orofession.
I?ilrOOOOOltl'l, l, lt OOOOt? --
!

!,.7 1' !r, {, !r, l, l, !r, l, r, 1, r/ ry -/ -l a/ f/ f.r 3

F,sffiFi€ffiffi Explorers
' FUNcrloN To examineteeth for decay(caries),calculus.furcations,or other
a b n o r m al i t i e s
I
t_
Pointedtips; sharp,thin, flexible
CFIARACTERISTICS
S i n gl e o r d o u b l ee n d e d
. Double-endedmodels-May have different stylesof working
ends;also may have exploreron one end and periodontal
probe on the other
Usedwith most tray setups
Varietyof sizesand types:
O orban
@ Pigtail
O Shepherd'shook

cHAPTER1 . BasicDenlalInstruments 5
\-r (-r llz 1t llJ7 l, tt it f, t !y ry !y ra,, 3 i a,/ r1, 3

Pointedor rounded tips

Lockingforceps(seeChapter 11)
Rangeof sizesavailable
Used with most tray setups

CHAPTER! . BasicDental Instruments

 14

o-t-O O-O-Q Q O OJL t t! f'-O. 0. o:-rl y-*

1.r 1' 1> \|> 1|' 1.|> \f \.|> 1l> !..> \r U \, \, r.r \' \t \r \>

Partsof an Instrument
O garuole Graspingend of instrument
Variety of sizesand styles

@ssnrux Connectshandle to working end of instrument

May be straight or may have one or more anglesto
accommodatespecificareasof the mouth

@ woRKlNGEND May have cutting edge, bevel,point, nib, or beaks

2 . EnamelCutling Instruments
CHAPTER 15
 16

?c, l, t: (; It
f--f---lrrrrrrr-r
t' 9'e t' a''/'|r,''-' 1' 1'
O O O O O O O r' I

ee-Numbef lnStf umentx

l,-ir:,,:t'::::'::.-:..$li::'..i:rr::iiThf
I angle of blade'
ou*ao,tt{ Numberson handle indicatewidth' length' and
I O lndicateswidth of blade in tenths of millimeters
Examole:20 indicatesa width of 2 mm
O Indicateslength of blade in millimeters
Example:I indicatesa length of 8 mm
@ tndicatesanqle of blade from long axisof shaft
Example:12 indicatesan angle o{ 12 degrees
ff'J"tign"tion for the instrumentdescribedabove would be
20-a-12.
ExamplesEnamelhatchet,enamel hoe

Universitv
ilii* nrtu"r. for.tula wasdesignedbv Dr' G V Black'Northweslern

CHAPTER2 . EnamelCutting lnstruments 17

 18

:.-:: S, \'€ €, €, €,€ €' tt{}OOOOt

$ O O r} O t.} \} O rf r} t, I rtr re 1r ir, 1) 1, \t

Four-NumberInstrument*
FUNCTION Numberson handle indicatewidth of blade, angle ol cutting
edge, length of blade, and angle of blade.
O Indicateswidth of blade in tenths of millimeters
Example: 20 indicates a width of 2 mm
@ Indicatesangle of cutting edge of blade in relation to handle
Example.'95 indicatesa cutting edge angle of 95 degrees
@ Indicateslength of blade in millimeters
Example:8 indicatesa length of 8 mm
@ lndicatesangle of blade from long axisof shaft
Example:12 indicatesa blade angle of l2 degrees
The designationfor the instrumentdescribedabove would be
20-95-8-12.
Examples: Angle tormer, gingival margin trimmers

instrument number {ormula was designed by Dr. G.V Black, Northwestern lJniversity

CHAPTER2 . EnamelCuttinq Instruments 19

 2a

! !'(!;ct(t()(;(r!: !l!l !i !' !!q999-?

\.>\Di\}\D\D\D{a\}rO1}lrt rU 11 3 rI" !D a'' l'

1t=$rri-.:;;.rii:ii:ail$fliFreBinangleChisel
I Fut{cTlsf{ To planeandcleaveenamelin cavitypreparallon
'
eH*nAcsERlsrlcsUsedwith pushmotion
Two anglesfor cutting edges
single or double ended

cHAPTER2 . EnamelCutting lnstruments 29

 30

ft tl ltl tr ll !t !r lr lr lr O-(Fl| ctt

|l 1
!, rr tr AE - - - ----:-::
r-F
-- A J
ta A A 1 t't
at v tv
\t 1t if {t It
{t {r} {t \t
\t

AngleFormer and
outrine
W-xxWe ininternar
i FUNc.oN
lffi::ilil':";ffi;?:o:::11""""n*'
\ ."o"ot'u*'"'.,
:1"1i:t":i?"#J;:$"

31
' Enamel Cutting Instruments
CHAPTER2
 32

€ €: (r (r (r (l (t (t !r (r (r !r (l !l tl !l (! I t

9 \- (' t tl tf tl O (} (t trr t rL' r" rY I = a' a'

Gingival Margin Trimmer-Mesial

Fiils.,,ii.<,i:::ri*i,{:tr$*
'
ou*annt{ To bevel cervicalwalls of mesialretention areas
'
cusnscrEelsrlcs curvedblade
Cutting edge at angle to blade
ooublt ended (one end curvesto the right, the other to the left)

cHAPTER2 . EnamelCutting lnstruments 33

 40

s., r.r (r (r () Cr (r (r !r (r (' (r (' ttl O O C tl

tlt ttt !L' 1t u 1,' r'-} \'
\D I rt \) 1) lt a'
\|> \} \} I

AnestheticAsPiratingSYringe
FUNCTION a localanesthetic
To administer

CHARACT€RtSTICS Parts:
O Threadedtip
@ HarPoon
@ Pistonrod
@ Barrelof syringe
@ F i n g egr r i P
@ Fingerbar
@ Thumbring

with
andpreloaded
withneedles
i:i5,]lti$iJli''"ses equipped
anestheticare available'
aspiratingsyrrnges'
z. ivri"J"i*ian harpoonsare considered

4'.1
@on"ntr
 42

ffi
-:'
2,,
..:!i :.i (r (r (; ('1tjj-'jjj

Wr*wffiffi Short Needle

injectionon maxillaryarch
,l ,r*anoN To administeranestheticby infiltration
' P"att'
c"oRoctE*,sttct
O Cartridgeend of needle
@ N e e d l eh u b
@ Injectionend of needle
@ ProtectivecaP
@ Sealon caP
@ N e e d l eg u a r d
1 inch long

diameter
""'l"tiJ"?""l3iioer-rdentiries of needle
(thickness)
needte
. Larq-ergauge number-lndicates thinner
( e . g l ,r d g a u g ei s t h i n n e rt h a n 2 5 g a u g e )

aocalAnestheticSyringeand components
 44

_ r_1_5/8'___l

1%T
||l
oo o

e !'!r ( r (r (t (r (r !r (r (r (r (t (| O O O t t
-r-r-t!II
\' \t \t \D \D \b \5 (r (, l, t, \, !, tr, t r tt'l, .a, al ir,

rywffiffiree Long Needle

I
FUNCTIOTTJTo administer
anestheticby block InJection
I on mandibulararch
, CIIARACTERISTICS Parts:
O Cartrjdgeend of needle
€) Needlehub
O Injectionend of needle
(4) Protectivecao
@ Sealon cap
€ ) N e e d l eg u a r d
"| s/8 rncheslong
Varietyof gauges
number_ldentifies diameter (thickness)
.: Larger
,G-""9"
gauge number_tndicates of needle
,""" -
( e . 9 . ,3 0 g a u g ej s t h i n n e r tt irrn"r.n"eJi"-,
than 25 gauge)

cHApTER
3 . LocalAnesthetic
iffie and Components
t- tO la 1) rO 1, It ft l) tt il, l, l, t !f/ 11, tl, tL, rl-,

CHAPTER 4

EvacuationDevicesand
> ,:" Air/WaterSyringe
 56

ltll$ffill
tt \t \t \t \t \.' lt \t \t \t \' \t l' r9 t' \' r'' \' \>

Low-Velocrty(Volume)Evacuation
Tip/SalivaEjector
fluid from the oral cavity
To evacuatesmallervolumesof

DisposablePlasticfor single use

tongue and in other areasof
Can be bent for placementunoer
mouth or can be used straight
unit
nti".t to low-velocitytubing on dental
"t
Variety of styles

;;;",i.;;""k;";a ilrrwater sYringe 57

rr, (1r {r llr fr il} l) i} fl fr !!r ir lt {\ Q aol
t} - a' rar -t

r} 1' {.r a' 1' 3'i'r

,, O g O O O r|

CHAPTER 5

;*,gry DentalHandPieces
 oz+

g)g: () gr (; g; !; !; g; () $ccGGe
"gf)
\r \D \D \D \|} \|' 1|| r1} rJ) iJ' tlr
-IIIIII

(9
rU) t9 a/ iJ tU (l,, L)

Wsffi High-SpeedHandpiece
FUNCTToNTo usewith bur to cut tooth with decayor other dental
anomalies
Example: Cavily preparation for restoration or crown
To usewith bur for adjustingcrownsand bridgesfor finalfit

cHARAcTERtsTicsHandpieceis run by air pressureat a maximum speedof 450,000

rotationsper minute.
On high-speedhandpiece,bur generatesextreme amount of
heat.
Instrumentsprayswater/air or air on bur for cooling purposesto
p r e v e n td a m a g et o p u l p .
Handpieceattachesto tubing on dental unit.
Different stylesof securingbur are available:
O Power level chuck
@ Push-buttonchuck
@ ConventionaI chuck

R . D e n t a lH a n d p i e c e s 6 5
CHAPTE5
 66

frfrfrtr frer frr _ -frfr l, f, lr llOOOO,}

-rrrrrrrIIIl
\./ \t v> rr \.D u t) r} (, (} ll} tU 1, {U t, t U t, t}

FiberopticHigh-Speed
Handpiece
FUNCTION To illuminatetooth during preparationfor restoration
To provide light intraorallyduring use of handpiece
CTiARACTERISTICS Light(s)at head of handpiece
Lightsworking area while handpiecerotates
Samecharacteristicsas high-speedhandpiece
Attachesto tubing on dental unit

Dental Handpieces
 68

?! o o o o o o f) () tl tr t) (t t! (l 0 c t t
at{]>rJr!>1}t,t.)(,(,!, 1, rlrr 3 a/ j 1, rf, rL) rl!,

Slow-SpeedMotor with Straight

HandpieceAttachment
FUNCTIoN To usewith slow-speedattachments
To usestraight attachmentwith long-shankstraight bur
CHARACTERIST|CS
Maximum speed of 30,000rotations per minute; used as adjunct
to high-speedhandpiece
Contra-angleor prophy angle attachments-Designedfor
Inlraorat use
straight attachment-Usually used outside oral cavity
Slow-speedhandpiece,motor-Attaches to tubing on dental unit

R . D e n t a lH a n d p i e c e s
CHAPTE5
 72

ltIrlt1, 1, lt(tfttr tr Ci(r (t{}OOAOt

!u
\} \) \} O S \D \} r} (} 1' {, ru 1' rl"r' ru 1''u

ProphySlow-SpeedHandPiece*
with DisposableProPhYAngle
Attachment
To polishteeth with prophy cup or brush attachment

Prophyangle attachesto motor

Prophi handpieceand motor attachesto tubing on dental unit'
Lightweight designto reducehand and wrist fatigue'
E r g o n o m i cs h a p ef o r n a t u r a lh a n d p o s i t i o n i n g .

to as nDH (registered dental hygienist) prophv handptece

M I D W E S TR
@D H @ e r o p h yA n g l e s
H y g i e n eH a n d p i e c ef o r D i s p o s a b l P

R . D e n t a lH a n d p i e c e s 7 3
CHAPTE5
 74

?r {t(tlr lrlf Crfrlr tr tr trftOOC|ll

\D \t \t \t \t r} lt l11 lt 11, {, tlir rL, t tL, it rL, t> .}

DisposableProphyAngle Attachments
for Slow-Speed
Handpiece
FUNCTT(JN
To polishteeth with prophylaxiscup and brush
cHARAcrERtsrrcs Attachesto straight or prophy handpiece
Types:
O Disposableprophycup-For polishingajl surfacesof teeth
(a Disposable
prophybrush-Forpolishingocclusal surfaces
and deepgrooveson lingualsurfaces
of anteriorteeth

CHAPTER5 . Dental Handpieces 75

 76

A @
1 A
Lr!.f!,
!L_rL_.L_r!_f rr e,f f l'j.|!jjtl' erl
\r \D \D \} \D \D \D \D (} (' (} (u (u (9 1, a, rL, l', a,

ProphySlow-SpeedHandpiece*
I
FUNCTIONTo polishteeth with prophy cup or brush
l,
cH.c,RACTERlSliCS
Prophyangle is one piece.
Disposablescrew-typeprophy cup or brush attachesto prophy
angle slow-speedhandpiece.
Lightweight designto reducehand and wrist fatigue.
Ergonomicshapefor natural hand positioning.
Attachments:
O Flat-endorusn
@ Tapered-endbrush
@ Prophycup

to as fiOH (registered dental hygienist) prophy handpiece.

M I D W E S TR
@D H @
H y g i e n eH a n d p i e c ew i t h P f o p h yR i g h tA n g t e .

R . D e n t a lH a n d p i e ( e s 7 7
CHAPTE5
 78

@
k
bxg;p
Itltltl, ltl,Q,e iti t; C;(: (: (lGGGtC
1t at (t {, 1, 1' {' rl, rt} (, !lr, {, a,, 3 !t, aJ 1' rl) 1}

ElectricHandpiece
Unit andHandpiece
Attachments
To usewith bur for intraoral cavity preparatton
ro usewtth endodontic nickel_titaniumrotary
instruments
To usewith bur for trimming of provisional
ciowns
ro usewith bur for adjusting permanent restorations,
crowns,
and bridqes
CHARACTERTSTTCS
Speed(i.e.,rotations per minute
[rpm]) can be set before
procedure.

CHAPTER
5 . D e n t a lH a n d p i e c e s
 80

r..:-.i{)e,<i @(loGCQ- - -r rr r rr--F

=- - : - r- l- J - -
g 0 o o o o o o rr o tt tr tu tu a, tu ru r'' r't
SureicalElectricalHandpieceUnit
and Implant HandPiece
To usewith depth drillsfor implants
drilling system
ro ui" witft $erile water for cooling

Air driven
Latch-typeattachment on handpiece
-ni""iri,t (rpm)
to""A of 85,o0orotations per minute
implant
Lower speed (e 9., 810 rpm) usedfor
nii".r."i"* for splitling impactedteeth
"".ir"ble

Dental Handpieces 81
 82

Prep Stctrt

g) 1l qt qt 1l 1l (, 0 Q,,
(, QtaI.r a| o c c t,,?
\.r> \t \.} \) \' rO rO 1}1, 11, il, (lrrl,31,i,,ut)
1,

Air AbrasionUnit andHandpiece

FUNCTIONTo usefor classI or classVl cavitiesinsteadof
handpiece
To usefor preparatjonof occlusalsurfacefor sealants
cHARAcTERtsTtcsHandpieceuseshigh pressureof alpha_aluminaparticles
through
smalldevicethat removesdecayand/or preparei pit and fissurJs
for sealantsor restoration.
Minimal use of anesthesiais required.

CHAPTER5 . Dental Handpieces

 84

L rJS jl
.fIr
t.E:Hnl
'_-
xt .rD.t
., .. 1, t, ?t <r {r i' €r €, {t {} {}

a'> r.'1) , ' ,| g9tl 1f1f1,t/sa/

and Laser
Laser HandPieceUnit
HandPiece
soft tissue
To cut, vaporize,or cauterize
ExamPles:
To remove lesionsor tumors
To reduceexcesstlssue
To control bleeding
te'hnoloqical devlce
Nr^'n' liehtsource
CHARACTERISTICS con(entrated
[,"Jffi; ;:""';+lnisl'',lv

C H A P T E R5
' Dental HandPleces
 90

(rlr(tltlrlt(f lf (l lrf) !l l! oQAQ?

-r-rrrrl,)t -r---I I IIIII-

g O O O O O O r, 0 () t9 t9 19 I rr o a, r) a)

Bur (continued)
CHARACTERISTICS Parts((ontinued)
@ Neck Part of bur that tapersto connectshankto head
@ shank: Part of bur that is insertedinto handpiece
. Length and stylevary depending on handpieceused'
. eut-*ith straight, long shankfits into straight slow-speed
handpiece.
. eri;iti, latch-typeshankfits into contra-angleslow-speed
handPiece.
. Frictiongrip bur fits into high-speedhandpiece;chuck
tightens bur into the handPiece'

91
CHAPTER6 . Bursfor High-Speedand Low-speedHandpieces
 92

jtftftlt1, ?t1, 1, ltllfrll iroooccf

a----I,--I- rrr rr! - - !----rr

O O O O O O (l (} (} i, t ty t/ t/ rr t! t.'' !f 1,

RoundBur
FUNCTION To removecariesfrom tooth structure
To opentooth for endodontlctreatment
CHARACTERISTICS Rangeof sizes
commonlyusedsizes:No, 7qto no. 8

N 4 I D W E SRTo u n dB u r

cHAPTER6 . Bursfor High-speedand Low-SpeedHandpieces 93

 94

.*

o 0 1l fl f) () o o {f J} lt at t) {t o c a r'?c
__rrrrrIlIfI
1' 1r (.' b (' b (i (' (, t, r, 9 |l, 3 rD l} j j l}

Pear-Shaped Bur
fft-EsffiffiTF$ss€
I

r FUNcTtoN To open tooth for a restoration

To remove caries
.HARACTERTSTTCS
Frequentryused in preparationof composite
restorations
Rangeof sizes
Commonlyusedsizes:No. 330 to no. 333
B u r h e a da v a i l a b l ei n l o n g
Example;No. 3331

MIDWEST
P e a r - S h a p eBdu r

cHApTER6 . Bursfor High_Speed

and Low_Speed
Handpieces
 100

?r fr fl fr o o o 0 o () (! (i (: (', tl tl '.r.'! t
I I t/
rr tr tl rr O O (| (} (} u tr r' I 3 t/'/

TaperedFissureBur-Plain Cut
FUNCTIONTo cut cavity preparation
To form anglesin walls of cavity preparatlon
preparatlon
To Dlaceretention groovesin walls of cavity
tapered sides
cHARAcTERlSTlcsCutting part of bur-Has
Rangeof sizes
commonly used sizes:No 168to no' 171
to a variety o{
Uay f'av" sttort-orlong shankfor adaptation
enO of number indicatesshort shank'
.uuity p'"puiu'ilons;'i at
L indicateslong shank
'1685'no 171L
ExarnPle;No'

MIDWESTTapered FisstrreBur-Plain Cut

 102

?(t (f(t ()()(r(| fr (r fi fr {r(!ooott

af --E ---f rr rr rr--r-rF
1' r!' at *
O O O O O O O O o t' e re .r, t' 1'
StraightFissureBur-Crosscut
FUNCTION To cut cavityPreParatlon
Toform wallsof cavitypreparatlon
preparation
rJ pf"l" r"t"ntion groovesin wallsof cavity
horizontalcutting
CHARACTERISTICS Cuttingpart o{ bur-Has parallelsideswith
edges
Ranoeof sizes
c"ommonlv usedsizes:No 556to no 558
vr"" t f"iq
'';r;;;;J;;t; shankfor adaptationto a varietyof cavity
""" L at end of numberindicateslons shank
Example;No. 5561

MIDWESTStraight FissureBur-Crosscut

'103
Handpieces
cHAPTER6 . Bursfor High-Speedand Low-Speed
 108

(r (! (l (! (t Q(!(! (l al al al a, at. .l l! t? r! ,?

O Q O !} O \} (} u u 1} rr tr, w l, tr,, rv t' !, r,

DiamondBur-Flat-End Taper
r., FUNCIION To reducea tooth for crown preparationwhen a squareshoulder
ts needed
CHARACTERISTICS
Rangeof grits (coarseto superfine);grit designatedby color band
on shank of diamond bur or by letter after name of diamond bur
Superfinediamond burs-Used for finishing restorations
Variety of shapesand sizes

MIDWEST
D i a m o n dB u r - F l a t - E n dT a p e r

cHAPTER6 . Bursfor High-Speedand Low-SpeedHandpieces 109

 'I 10

0 0 a Q Q Q A A A(| (! (t fl 0 {l $ o a c
-f-fft--tfllTlIIIIII
| | O O OO O O o rl r. r, t 3 3 I r 3 rr"
DiamondBur-Flat-End CYlinder
To reducea tooth for crown preparationwhen parallelwalls and
{lat floors are needed
Rangeof grits (coarseto superfine);grit designatedby color band
on shank of diamond bur or by letter after name of diamond bur
Superfinediamond burs-Used for finishing restorations
Variety of shapesand sizes

D i a m o n dB u r - F l a t - E n dC v l i n d e r
MIDWEST

cHAPTFR6 . Bursfor High-speedand Low-speedHandpieces 111

 112

o:JJyJQ Q Q (f .f !t !t 91l r, 1, :r ':- _--

--.-r---r-__ =- =
----r__Il
D D,f ,.r,f r) \) t} t| (t (r 1r (, lr
G G G G a
DiamondBur_Flame
FUNCTIoN To reducea tooth
for crown preparationfor
subgingival
margins
cHARAcrERrsrtcs
ffifl:flff::I::rse,tosuperrine);sritdesisnatedbycotorband
bur or by letterafter n-ameor
Superfine ,,""lliT ai"monabui
vu'.i"tvo+rr,"jlllnlul#sed forfinishins restorations

MIDWEST
D i a m o n dB u r _ F l a m e

cHApIER 6 . Bursfor High-Speed

and Low_Speed
Handpieces 113
 114

nfi.$.aaaaa - - - I I I I I0000(l !!0 ooa-q

IITI
\D l} b \D \D \D \D 1.} (} (l 1' tr (l, 3 A A |J a 3

DiamondBur-Wheel
To reducea tooth for crown preparationon lingual aspectof
anterior teeth and to reducebulk of incisaledges

Rangeof grits (coarseto superfine);grit designatedby color band

on shank of diamond bur or by letter after name of diamond bur
Superfinediamond burs-Used for finishinq restorations
Varietyof shapesand sizes

MIDWESI Diamond Bur-Wheel

cHAPTER6 . Bursfor High-Speedand Low-SpeedHandpieces 115

 1't6

Q Q Q (EA Q O O AO t| () t! (! o a a a q
.- - -. - - - --r r I r I I llrrl
O O O O OO O (}{, 1l t, {U 1, 3 3 i a a }

Mandrel-Snap On
FUNCTION To attach discsto mandrel for finishing and polishinginsideor
outsideoral cavity (deviceis lnsertedinto handpiece)

CIIARACTERISTICS Shanktypes:
O Long shank-For straight slow-speedhandpiece
@ Short latch-typeshank-For contra-angleslow-speed
handpiece

cHAPTER6 . Bursfor High-Speedand Low-SpeedHandpieces 117

 118

oF
/TFN
r+t | -I1r
@ [H]-
/Tn\-
@ tn'_

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Mandrel-Screw On
FUNCT!ON To attach discsto mandrel for finishing and polishinginsideor
outside oral cavity (deviceis insertedinto handpiece)

CTTARACTERISTICSShanktypes:
O Long shank-For straight slow-speedhandpiece
@ Short latch-typeshank-For contra-angleor right-angle
slow-speedhandpiece
@ Friction grip shank-For high-speedhandpiece

cHAPTER6 . Bursfor High-speedand Low-speedHandpieces 119

 122

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Composite
Disc
I
t:, FUl,tcflON To contour restcrativematerial (coarsegrit)
to polishor smooth restorativematerial (extrafinegrit)
I
CHARACTERTSTTCS
Made from syntheticmaterialto accommodatecomposite
I
restorations
Rangeof grits (coarseto extrafine)
Variety of sizes
Two types available
Snapon (pictured)
screw on

cHAPTFR6 . Bursfor High-Speedand Low-SpeedHandpieces 123

 128

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LaboratoryBur-Diamond Disc
To contour or cut models in the laboratory

Single-sidedor double-sidedcutting edge

CHAPTER6 . Bursfor High-Speedand Low_Speed

Handpieces 129
 130

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MagneticBur Block with Burs

I
.' FuNcTtoN To be used on dental tray setups
t_________-^.
cHARAcrERtsfics Magneticto hold burs in place
Holdsfrictiongrip and Iatch-type
burs
Canbe sterilizedin autoclave
Varietyof shapesand sizes

cHApTER6 . Bursfor High-Speedand Low-SpeedHandpieces 131

 140

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DentalDam StamP
To mark holeson dental dam

Has32 dots that representthe adult dentition

Usedas guide for punching holesin correctposition

PRACTICE NOTES
1. The oral cavity is examinedbefore holesare marked and
punchedto adjust positioningto the patient'sspecific
dentition.
 142

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DentalDamForceps
FUNCT|oN To placedental dam clamp on tooth
and to removeclamp after
procedure
CIJARACTER|ST|CS
Beakson forcepsfit into dental dam clamo
Forcepsopen with spring motion
Bar between handle holds forcepsin placewhile
clamp is seated

CHAPTER7 . Dental Dam Instruments 143

 144

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Dental Dam ClamP

l
r., F U N C T I O N To anchor and stabilizedental dam
I
an^*oara*,rr,"u Parts
O Bow: Placedtoward distal part of tooth
@ Jaws: Havefour prongsthat secureclamp on tooth
@ Holes:on jaws; designatedfor beakson forcepsto place
clamp on tooth
@ Prongs:Designedto secureclamp on cervicalpart of tooth'
beyond the height of contour
@ Wingea clamps:Haveextensionof metal on jaws to hold
dental dam away for better visibility(winglessclampsdo not
have extra extensionof metal)

cHAPTER7 . Dental Dam Instruments 145

 154

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Fffi: wffi Dental Dam Frame

from teeth
FUNcrloN To hold dentaldam away
1,
' Metalor plastic-
cHAltALI EnrrI Is' -'-'"'i
ono*ootu*tattas r..":-^ ,..ri^drAnhi.exoosures
I Jt"-rvay left on during radiographicexposures
be

155
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K*TffiffiffiTsxAmalgam Carrier-Plunger Style

t-
' preparation
,u*aloN amalgamfor cavity
To carryand dispense
'
cup,nncreRtsllcsSinqleended

FRACT!CE NOTES
the
1. Amalgam is placedin hollow tubes and then transferredto
cavity'prepaiation(the insideof the hollow tubes is coated
with metal or Teflon).
z. nmalgam sticksin the carrierif it is not releasedimmediately
after the tubes are filled.

iHlprrn s . Amalgamlnstruments163
 166

O O OOOaOOOtI
gu 3 t 3 3 3 3 ir'.
(Plugger)
SerratedCondenser
amalgam into cavity preparatlon
FUNCTION To pack and condense
iJrL cona"nt"t other restorativematerials)

serratedends
Round,flat, or diamond shaped
S i n g l eo r d o u b l ee n d e d
I o o u b l e e n d e d - o n e s m a l le n d ' o n e l a r g ee n d .
ends-
e".t .;J""ser with right-angleworking
".iti
Accommodates diff icult areas
Rangeof sizes

Amalgam Instruments 157

 176

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Ball Burnisher
To smooth amalgam after condensing
To contour matrix band before placemenl
l o , p e r l o r mi n i t i a lc a r v i n go f a m a l g a m
(Arsoourntshesother restorativematerials)
CHARACTERiSTTCS
S i n g l eo r d o u b l ee n d e d

R . A m a l g a mI n s t r u m e n t s1 7 7
CHAPTE8
 178

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Acorn Burnisher
FUNCT'ON To smooth amalgam after condensrng
To perform initial carvingof amalgam
(Also burnishesother restorativematerials)
CHARACTERISTICSS i n g l eo r d o u b l ee n d e d

8 . A m a l g a mI n s t r u m e n t s1 7 9
cHAPTER
 182

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TannerCarver
To carveocclusalanatomy into amalgam restorations
(Also carvesother restorativematerials)

Double ended-Two ends shapeddifferently

Endsshapeddifferently from those of discoid-cleoidcarver
 186

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HollenbackCarver
and interproximal anatomy in
FUNCTION To contour and carveocclusal
amalgam restorations
(Also-carvesother restorative materials)
protrude at different angles
CHARACTERISTICS Double ended-Ends

cHnprrn?'. n."fgam Instruments187

 192

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Fffi Interproximal Carving Knife

. FUNcTtoN To trim interproximalamalgam restoration,recreatingcontour
of proximalwa
(Alsocarvesother restorativematerials)

cHARAcrERtscs Singleor double ended

Removesflash compositematerialfrom interproximalareas
Varietyof designs

8 . A m a l g a mI n s t r u m e n t s1 9 3
cHAPTER
 196

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3,d
Tofflemire/MatrixBandRetainer
FUNCTION To maintain stabilityof matrix band
during condensationof
restorativematerial for classll preparation(usedwith
amaloam.
composite,and build-up materials)
CH.ARACTERISTICSParts
O Guide slots:Straightslot; right and left slotsfor right
or left
quadrant
@ Diagonatslot: Slidesup and down on spindle;matrix
band is
p l a c e di n s l o t a n d s p i n d l es e c u r e b
s andin pt".u;op"n,totr'-
^ are placedtoward gingiva
(O Spindle:Holdsmatrix band in
rerarner
@ Spindlepin: Stabilizesband in holder
€) lnner knob: Adjustssizeor loop of matrix band to fit
around
^ tooth and loosensband for removal
(O Outer knob: positionedat end
of spindlethat tightens or
Ioosensmatrix band in retainer

cHAPTER8 . Amalgam Instruments .197

 198

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Matrix Bands
FUNCT!ON To replacemissingproximalwall or walls of cavity preparationfor
condensationof restorativematerial (for classll preparations)
CFIARACTERISTIC5 Variety of sizes,shapes,and thicknesses
Bandsdesignedfor specificteeth:
O Universalband-For all posteriorteeth except larger teeth
@ Premolarband-For oremolars
@ Molar band-For larger molars
Pediatricband availablefor primaryteeth

8 . A m a l g a mI n s t r u m e n t s1 9 9
cHAPTER
 200

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AutoMatrix System
FUNCTIONTo replacemissingproximal wall or walls of cavity preparation
for condensationof restorativematerial (for classll preparations)
CHARACIERISTICS
Alternative matrix band system
Variety o{ sizesand shapes
Bandsdesignedfor specificteeth:
. Universalband-For all posteriorteeth except larger teeth
. Molar band-For larger molars
. Premolarband-For premolars
. Clear bands-For compositerestorations
. Pediatricband-For primaryteeth

PRACTICE NOTES
1. Bandsare placedon the tooth and tightened with a
tightening wrench.
2. Tighteningwrench is also usedto loosenbanqs.
3. Removingpliersare usedto remove bands.

I . Amalgam Instruments 201

CHAPTER