LTE Single Site Verification Guide Confidentiality:

Product Name Confidentiality Level

LTE RNP INTERNAL

Product Version
Total 26 Pages
2.0

LTE Single Site Verification Guide

(For internal use only)

Prepared by Xiao Piaoyang Date 2009-11-01

Reviewed by Date

Reviewed by Date

Approved by Date

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All rights reserved

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Change History
Date Version Description Reviewer Author

2009-11-02 1.00 Completed the first draft. Yang Shijie, Cai Xiao Piaoyang
Bingcheng
2010-8-22 1.1 Modified based on the updates in the product Luo Xiaobin
version.
2011-01-30 2.0 1.adjusted the structure of the document Yang Shijie, Wang Du Wenbo
subsumed the procedure of SSV to chapter2 Na
and SSV items to chapter3
2.chapter2.1,refreshed the Tools Required.
3.chapter3.4.1, added Gperf testing procedure
to TCP function verification,and UE DHCP
function setting demo.
4.added 3 case index and a SSV case.

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Contents

1 Overview.........................................................................................................................................6
2 LTE SSV..........................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Basic Process.....................................................................................................................................................8
2.2 SSV Preparations...............................................................................................................................................9
2.2.1 Tools Required..........................................................................................................................................9
2.2.2 Preparing Test Route.................................................................................................................................9
2.2.3 Preparing Test Methods..........................................................................................................................11
2.2.4 Checking Configuration Parameters.......................................................................................................12
2.2.5 Checking Site Status...............................................................................................................................12
2.2.6 Other Preparations..................................................................................................................................12
2.3 Test and Analysis.............................................................................................................................................12
2.4 Adjustment Suggestions and Implementation..................................................................................................12
2.5 SSV Report......................................................................................................................................................13

3 LTE SSV Items.............................................................................................................................14

3.1 Coverage DT Test............................................................................................................................................14
3.2 LTE Access Function Verification...................................................................................................................16
3.3 LTE Ping Function Verification.......................................................................................................................20
3.4 LTE TCP Function Verification.......................................................................................................................21
3.5 Intra-eNodeB Handover Verification...............................................................................................................25

4 Summary.......................................................................................................................................28
5 Attachment....................................................................................................................................29
5.1 Attachment 1 SSV Trouble Ticket Template....................................................................................................29
5.2 Attachment 2 LTE SSV Report Template........................................................................................................29
5.3 Attachment 3 SSV Instances............................................................................................................................29

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Figures

Figure 1-1 Position of the SSV during network optimization.................................................................................7

Figure 2-1 SSV flowchart.......................................................................................................................................9

Figure 2-2 Ring in the site test..............................................................................................................................11

Figure 2-3 Test routes in cluster verification........................................................................................................12

Figure 3-1 Mismatch of the coverage directions of three cells.............................................................................18

Figure 3-2 Mismatch of antenna systems and planning cells...............................................................................18

Figure 3-3 Incorrect connections for optical fibers between the baseband unit and RF units..............................18

Figure 3-4 Connecting the OMT to the UE..........................................................................................................20

Figure 3-5 Setting continuous dialing using the test plan of the Probe................................................................20

Figure 3-6 L3 messages indicating the allocation of the service IP address.........................................................21

Figure 3-7 Setting repeated ping using the test plan of the Probe........................................................................23

Figure 3-8 Ping delay evaluation..........................................................................................................................24

Figure 3-9 Setting FTP downloading using the test plan of the Probe.................................................................25

Figure 3-10 Setting FTP uploading using the test plan of the Probe....................................................................26

Figure 3-11 Setting TCP uploading using Gperf...................................................................................................27

Figure 3-12 Evaluating FTP uploading and downloading throughput using the test plan of the Probe...............27

Figure 3-13 L3 messages indicating the handover status in the Probe.................................................................29

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LTE Single Site Verification Guide

Keywords
Single site verification (SSV), long terminal evolution (LTE), radio network planning, radio
network optimization, drive test (DT)

Abstract
This document describes the SSV during the LTE network optimization, including the general
test process of the SSV, test preparations, test purpose of each item, test method, and test
description.

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronym and Abbreviation Full Name

LTE Long Term Evolution

SSV Single Site Verification

eNB e-NodeB

DT Drive Test

RSRP Reference symbol received power

RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality

RSSI Received signal strength indicator

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1 Overview

The SSV refers to the self-test and verification of the equipment at each site. The SSV aims to
ensure that basic functions (for example, access and conversation) of all cells in each site are
normal before the cluster optimization. Using the SSV, engineers can determine whether
problems such as call drop and access failure are caused by poor network coverage that
should be solved during the network optimization or by the equipment faults.
The SSV facilitates problem location and troubleshooting at the later stage, improving the
efficiency of network optimization. In addition, the SSV helps familiarize network planning
engineers with the site position, configurations, and radio environments in the optimization
area, which facilitates the follow-up optimization.
As shown in Figure 1.1, the SSV is in the initial phase of the network optimization. After the
site deployment and commissioning are complete, the SSV of the network optimization is
performed. If all cells in the area to be optimized have passed the SSV, the functions of the
site are normal. After the SSV ends, the cluster optimization phase starts.

Figure 1.1 Position of the SSV during network optimization

This guide provides guidelines for network optimization engineers to implement the SSV on
LTE networks. It provides the process and report template of the SSV and details the
implementation of the SSV on the LTE networks.
This document is organized as follows:

Chapter Description

2"LTE SSV" Describes the preparations, test and analysis, adjustment suggestions, and
report output. The LTE SSV is detailed in Chapter 3"LTE SSV Items." It
is the core of this document.

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Chapter Description

3"LTE SSV Describes the preparations and verification items related to LTE products.
Items" Three verification items are used in the LTE SSV. For each verification
item, this chapter details the verification methods, verification rules,
problem analysis and handling principles, and relevant case index to
provide guidance for network planning engineers during the SSV.
4"Summary" Further clarifies the function and position of the SSV guide.
5"Attachment" Provides the templates and attachments used in this document.

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2 LTE SSV

2.1 Basic Process

Figure 1.2 shows the process of the SSV. During the SSV, the SSV report is exported, and the
successful commercial use of the site is guaranteed. The tasks to be performed at this stage are
as follows: preparations, verification test and analysis, adjustment suggestions, and
implementation. In this way, a problem detected in the SSV can be solved in the closed loop

Figure 1.2 SSV flowchart

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2.2 SSV Preparations

2.2.1 Tools Required
The SSV is implemented using tests. After network planning engineers determine to perform
the SSV, engineers usually define verification methods, which contain the description of test
tools required.
Universal tool: Netmeter, iperf, GPS
2. Huawei: UE+Probe
One UE, two laptop(one laptop +USB to network card-drive needed), OMT,
Probe(including LICENSE)
3. Samsung + TEMS or Samsung + XCAL
Samsung SIM card, Samsung 4G Connection Manager, TEMS (including LICENSE)

In addition, if the output of the statistics or icon is required in the SSV report, engineers
should determine which software should be used to import the tested logfile and analyze
the data.
For details about the specific preparations related to a tool, see the User Manual or the
Instructions.

2.2.2 Preparing Test Route

Based on the scenarios of the site to be verified, sites are classified into:
 Urban site
 Remote site
 Highway site
Each site type has its own requirements for test routes. A ring with the test site as its center, as
shown in Figure 3.1, should be defined for each test site. The SSV of the test site depends on
the test results and statistic results of samples in the ring.
For an urban site, the radius of the ring is 350 m. For a remote site, the radius of the ring is
about 2,500 m. For a highway site, the radius of the ring is about 4,000 m.

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Figure 3.1 Ring in the site test

Before the test, the type of each site and the size of the corresponding test ring must be
confirmed by the customer and by Huawei.
The principles for the test are as follows:
 Test routes should cover all the roads in the coverage direction of each sector of an
eNodeB to be tested.
 Test routes should exceed the range of the test ring and extend to areas where the inter-
eNodeB handover occurs.
In the Urban site, if the coverage of the sites to be verified is continuous, the test should be
performed in the cluster form, as shown in Figure 3.2. Additional rules for the test are as
follows:
 The test routes should cover all main streets around the eNodeB to be tested.
 The local driving habits must be considered in test routes. The time spent in waiting for
passing a cross-street should decrease.

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Figure 3.2 Test routes in cluster verification

Test routes can be prepared by using the Mapinfo tool. In the digital map, engineers create a
layer, with marks on the test start point and end point. The fold-lines with arrows indicate test
routes and test procedures. During the test, engineers can use the DT tool to open the layer to
guide the single site test.

2.2.3 Preparing Test Methods

The test methods of the SSV are universal for the test in all sites. Huawei engineers should
confirm relevant contents with the customer. The test methods of LTE SSV are as follows:
 Selection of the test route. For details, see section 2.2.2"Preparing Test Route."
 Selection of test tasks. In a specific test, engineers need to combine the DT test method
with its usage. The combination principle is that related items in the SSV Report can be
tested successfully.

Table 2.1 DT test methods

Test Item Test Method

UE LTE attach in-service verification

LTE detach out-of-service verification
LTE ping delay verification
LTE FTP downloading verification
LTE FTP uploading verification
Intra-eNodeB handover verification

For details on the LTE test items, see the LTE-DT Test Guide.

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2.2.4 Checking Configuration Parameters

Before the test, network optimization engineers need to collect the data of the network
planning and check whether the actual configuration data is consistent with the planed data.
The actual configuration data of the LTE can be queried from the ULD CFGFILE file of the
eNodeB LMT. With this file, engineers can get related parameters configured in the eNodeB
in real time.

For the save path and extraction method of the CFGMML file, see the LTE-Equipment Room Operation
Guide.

2.2.5 Checking Site Status

Before checking the site, network optimization engineers should confirm with product support
engineers on alarms, problem handling, and cell status. Engineers should pay special attention
to intermittent alarms. For example, the transmission alarm causes intermittent SCTP link,
and the EPC releases resources, resulting in handover failure.

2.2.6 Other Preparations

The preparations of the SSV also include the preparation of test methods, preparations before
the test, and checking of site parameters and site status. Such preparation works are product-
specific. For details, see section Error: Reference source not found"Error: Reference source
not found."

2.3 Test and Analysis

The items to be tested and the data to be analyzed are product-specific. For details, see section
Error: Reference source not found"Error: Reference source not found."
The SSV is performed to verify functions and to solve the problems caused by improper data
configuration or hardware installation. The test results should be analyzed.
 If no major problem is detected in the test procedure or test results, engineers should
provide the test output, that is, SSV Report. For details, see 5.2"Attachment 2 LTE SSV
Report Template."
 If a major problem is detected in the test procedure or test results, engineers should
record the problem together with the analysis in the SSV Trouble Ticket. For details, see
5.1"Attachment 1 SSV Trouble Ticket Template."

2.4 Adjustment Suggestions and Implementation

Proper adjustment suggestions are provided to each cell on the basis of the problems detected
in the verification test and analysis of the problem.
 Modifying parameters
 Urging product engineers to solve hardware problems (alarm and antenna feeder)

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 Submitting the ICare problem report on any unsolved problems to the headquarters
After a problem is identified, the adjustment implementation is required. Parameter
modification requires internal permission, or even the agreement with the network planning
engineers in the case of the modification of engineering parameters listed in the detail plan,
before implementation, as shown in Figure 1.2.
After the modifications, engineers must test the site again. If problems are solved, engineers
prepare and submit the SSV Report. If the problem is not solved, engineers should analyze and
handle the problem again until the problem is solved in the closed loop.

2.5 SSV Report

SSV results must be recorded in the SSV Report. The SSV Report is submitted to and signed
by the customer, indicating that SSV is completed.
For details about the recommended LTE SSV report template, see 5.2"Attachment 2 LTE SSV
Report Template."

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3 LTE SSV Items

3.1 Coverage DT Test

3.1.1.Verification Method
The DT coverage test checks the following using the drive test:
 Whether the CPICH RSRP and CPICH Ec/Io received by the UE is abnormal, for
example, whether the CPICH RSRP and CPICH Ec/Io of a tested cell is obviously poorer
than those of other cells
 Whether the antenna feeder connection is abnormal
 Whether the installation positions of antennas are unreasonable
 Whether the building is blocked due to environment changes
 Whether the antenna downtilt/directional angle in hardware installation are inconsistent
with the planning
To check the preceding factors, perform the following steps to check the preceding factors:
 Connect the UE and test the signals of the target cell in the selected test route. The test
should cover all main streets around the eNodeB.
 Draw the reference signal coverage map based on the pilot signals received by the UE
and compare the CPICH RSRP coverage and SINR distribution of the cells. Special
attention should be paid to the cells with poorer RSRP and SINR distribution.

3.1.2.Verification Rule
The verification rules are as follow:
 The RSRP near the site should exceed -90 dBm and the SINR should exceed 15 dB. If
the signal in the site is poor, the verification fails. For details, see the KPI commitments.
 The PCI distribution in the drive test route must be consistent with the planning.
Otherwise, the verification fails.
After the relevant verification is implemented in the site, engineers should fill detailed
analysis results in the SSV Report.

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3.1.3Problem Analysis and Handling

The basic principle for analyzing this kind of problem: Check whether the coverage direction
is consistent with the planning parameters according to the PCI in planning parameters and
the test data of the UE.
 If the azimuth is inconsistent with the PCI, the possible reason is that the antenna
systems of the three sectors at the top of the cabinet are incorrectly connected to cells or
the optical fibers between the baseband unit and RF units are connected incorrectly, as
shown in Figure 1.1.

Figure 1.1 Mismatch of the coverage directions of three cells

Figure 1.2 shows the antenna connections of the three sectors at the top of the cabinet.

Figure 1.2 Mismatch of antenna systems and planning cells

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Figure 1.3 Incorrect connections for optical fibers between the baseband unit and RF units

When this problem occurs in the eNodeB, the eNodeB fails to comply with the PCI
planning; the actual data of neighboring cells is inconsistent with planned neighboring
cell data. In this case, service drop occurs due to frequent handover failures.
Engineers should send the difference between the planed coverage and actual coverage
and the preliminary analysis to the eNodeB engineers, and ask eNodeB engineers to
solve the problem.
 When the azimuth is consistent with the PCI, engineers should coordinate with the OMC
engineers to modify data if any of the PLMN, TAC, CGI, UL Frequency, DL Frequency,
UL Bandwidth, and DL Bandwidth data is inconsistent with the planned parameters.
After the data modification, the re-test schedule should be arranged.

3.1.4Case Index

3.2 None. LTE Access Function Verification

3.2.1Verification Method
This verification aims to check whether the LTE access of the LTE cell to be tested is
functional.
 Check the downlink activation rate of USIM cards and ensure that the downlink
activation rate of USIM cards must be smaller than or equal to the maximum capacity of
the LTE cell.
 Perform the automatic continuous dialing test by using the test plan of the Probe.
The detailed procedure is as follows:
Step 1 Verify the hardware of the LTE drive test system is connected properly, set the OM IP address
correctly, and ping the OM IP address of the UE in the DOS window of the test laptop.
Step 2 Connect the OMT to the UE, as shown in the following Figure 1.1:

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Figure 1.1 Connecting the OMT to the UE

If the Running Logs in the OMT contain the message "Synchronizing UE succeeded", it
indicates that the OMT connects to the UE properly.
Step 3 In the Probe, engineers choose Configuration > Test Plan Control. Then, choose Click here
to config and perform the following settings:

Figure 1.1 Setting continuous dialing using the test plan of the Probe

Here,

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 Loop Test Count=20

 Attach Timeout (s)=15
 Attach Mode=Attach only
 Wait duration (s)=5
 Detach Type=PS
 Detach Timeout (s)=15
Step 4 Click Start Test Plan in the Probe to start the test and record the test files. The system
automatically accesses the LTE cell repeatedly.

3.2.2Verification Rule
The verification rules for the LTE UE access function test are as follows:
 The LTE UE can check whether he Attach and Detach are successful based on the test
plan in the Probe and check whether the service IP address is allocated to the EPC
successfully based on the L3 message in the Probe.

Figure 1.1 L3 messages indicating the allocation of the service IP address

The Attach Accept message shows that the EPC allocates the service IP address to the UE.
 The traffic statistics on the M2000 show the number of successful connections and the
number of successful setups carried by the SAE.
After the relevant verification is implemented in the site, fill detailed analysis results in
the LTE-SSV Report.

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3.2.3Problem Analysis and Handling

In the SSV phase, network optimization engineers need only to verify the LTE access
function. The descriptions on throughput in the preceding verification rule are only for
reference.

3.2.4Case Index
None.

3.3 LTE Ping Function Verification

3.3.1Verification Method
This verification aims to check whether the ping delay of the LTE cell to be tested is
functional.
Set the ping service by using the test plan of the Probe.
The detailed procedure is as follows:
Step 1 Verify the hardware of the LTE drive test system is connected properly to ensure that the UE
connects to the network and obtain the PCI, RSRP, and SINR of the serving cell of the UE
from the Probe.
Step 2 Choose CFG MAC AND IP on the OMT, set the UE MAC address, TE MAC address, TE
service gateway IP address, and TE service IP address, and enter the route table configuration
command and ARP mapping configuration command in the DOS window of the PC.
Step 3 In the Probe, engineers choose Configuration > Test Plan Control. Then, choose Click here
to config and perform the following settings:

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Figure 1.1 Setting repeated ping using the test plan of the Probe

Ping the IP address of the FTP server closest to the EPC.

Step 4 Click Start Test Plan in the Probe to start the test and record the test files. The system
automatically starts the ping operation repeatedly.

3.3.2 Verification Rule

The verification rules for the LTE UE ping delay test are as follows:
In the Probe, choose View > Service Quality > Ping Service Quality Evaluation and view
the statistics about the ping delay, as shown in Figure 1.1.

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Figure 1.1 Ping delay evaluation

After the relevant verification is implemented in the site, fill detailed analysis results in the
LTE-SSV Report.

3.2.3 Problem Analysis and Handling

In the SSV phase, network optimization engineers need only to verify the LTE ping delay. The
descriptions on throughput in the preceding verification rule are only for reference.

3.2.4 Case Index

None.

3.4 LTE TCP Function Verification

3.4.1 Verification Method
Step 1 Verify the hardware of the LTE drive test system is connected properly to ensure that the UE
connects to the network and obtain the PCI, RSRP, and SINR of the serving cell of the UE
from the Probe.
Step 2 Choose CFG MAC AND IP on the OMT, set the UE MAC address, TE MAC address, TE
service gateway IP address, and TE service IP address, and open “DHCPSWITCH” in
OMT(UE editon V2R2 or above) , the detailed procedure as follows:
1). In OMT, choose ”UE operation->L2->SET ARP& DHCP SWITCH”, double click and
config and perform the following settings:
Figure3.8: UE DHCP function setting parematers.

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2).for the service PC, set IP settings as assigned automatically.

3) UE power on.
Step 3 Start the FTP uploading & downloading service test through Probe Testplan or Iperf.

 Use Testplan in Probe to start FTP downloading and uploading.

The detailed procedures is as follows:
1). Verify the hardware of the LTE drive test system is connected properly to ensure that the
UE connects to the network and obtain the PCI, RSRP, and SINR of the serving cell of the UE
from the Probe.
2). Choose CFG MAC AND IP on the OMT, set the UE MAC address, TE MAC address, TE
service gateway IP address, and TE service IP address, and enter the route table configuration
command and ARP mapping configuration command in the DOS window of the PC.
3).In the Probe, engineers choose Configuration > Test Plan Control. Then, choose Click
here to config and perform the following settings:

Figure 1.1 Setting FTP downloading using the test plan of the Probe

FTP downloading test requires five threads.

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Figure 1.2 Setting FTP uploading using the test plan of the Probe

 Use Gperf to implement TCP uploading and downloading service.

Gperf has integrated DOS command function of Iperf, thus, it’s easy to do the service.
But both the service PC and FTP server should have Gperf, and need remote connection
to the FTP server .
 Testing Upload Throughput
1).first choose DL TCP on FTP server, click START and wait.
2) choose UL TCP on service PC, set FTP server IP , starting-ending time, choose
message print, then click START.
 Testing Download Throughput
1).first choose DL TCP on service PC, click START and wait.
2). choose UL TCP on FTP server, set IP of service PC, starting-ending time, choose
message print, then click START.
(attention: doing TCP services, keep the port of service PC and FTP server identical)

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Figure 1.3 Setting TCP uploading using Gperf

3.4.2 Verification Rule

The verification rules for the TCP service test of the LTE UE are as follows:
In the Probe, choose View > Service Quality > FTP Service Quality Evaluation and view
the statistics about the FTP downloading and uploading, as shown in Figure 3-12.

Figure 1.1 Evaluating FTP uploading and downloading throughput using the test plan of the Probe

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After the relevant verification is implemented in the site, fill detailed analysis results in the
LTE-SSV Report.

3.4.3 Problem Analysis and Handling

In the SSV phase, the TCP service of a single user may not reach the peak due to a hardware
fault, parameter setting error, or incorrect TCP window settings. Network optimization
engineers identify this problem based on the symptom.
The descriptions on throughput in the preceding verification rule are only for reference. For
details, see the specific KPI commitments.

3.4.4 Case Index

None.

3.5 Intra-eNodeB Handover Verification

3.5.1 Verification Method
This verification aims to check whether the intra-eNodeB handover to be tested is functional.
Step 1 Determine the intra-eNodeB handover route based on engineering parameters and map. For
details about the test route, see section 2.2.2"Preparing Test Route" To ensure the intra-
eNodeB handover success rate, the test routes be confined to the range of the test ring.
For an urban site, the radius of the ring is 350 m. For a remote site, the radius of the ring is
about 2,500 m. For a highway site, the radius of the ring is about 4,000 m.
Step 2 Deactivate the cells of neighboring eNodeB to prevent interference to neighboring cells.
Step 3 Access the cell to be tested, conduct the test based on the scheduled route, record the data, and
view the handover status.

3.5.2 Verification Rule

Run the command on the OMT and view the L3 messages in the Probe to check whether the
intra-eNodeB handover is successful, as shown in Figure 1.1.

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Figure 1.1 L3 messages indicating the handover status in the Probe

3.5.3 Problem Analysis and Handling

In the SSV phase, if the UE cannot access the network but fails to perform handovers,
network optimization engineers identify the problem as follows:
1. Check the quality of radio signals based on the RSRP and SINR (RSRP > -90 dBm,
SINR > 15 dB).
2. Check RRC re-establishment.
3. Check the settings of handover parameters.

3.5.4 Case Index

None.

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4 Summary

The SSV is often the last step before site cutover in practical projects. The SSV consists of
four key steps:
 Test
 Problem analysis
 Problem handling
 Report output
The verification of a site is complete only after the SSV Report is accepted by the customer.
Chapter 2"LTE SSV" is the core of this guide. It describes the process of the LTE SSV,
including the preparations, test and analysis, adjustment suggestions and implementation, and
SSV report.
Note that:
 This document is prepared based on the KPI commitments and SSV works at N site. The
KPIs of other items and the SSV requirements of the customer must be adjusted and
supplemented as required.
 This guide is intended for network planning and optimization engineers. The SSV also
involves the verification of eNodeB engineers, such as hardware commissioning and
engineering quality check. The verification works that the eNodeB engineers are
responsible for vary with the project responsibility matrix. This document does not
provide details on these verification works.
 The LTE is new technology. Solutions, cases, and precautions are not perfect, but the
products and tools are still not perfect. Everything is being updated and improved. SSV
items may be updated and convenient with the subsequent development of new tools and
products. This guide also will be updated.
Due to the knowledge limit of the author, errors or omissions are inevitable in this document.
Everyone is welcome to point out the errors and supplement related contents.

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5 Attachment

5.1 Attachment 1 SSV Trouble Ticket Template

SSV Record
template.xls

5.2 Attachment 2 LTE SSV Report Template

eNodeB Element
Acceptance

5.3 Attachment 3 SSV Instances

Instance Description

SSV instances between Huawei and operator T

N4M SSV for

T314036.doc

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