STRESSES IN NAIL

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Problem 592:A wide flange section is formed by bolting together
three planks, each 80 mm by 200 mm, arranged as shown in Fig.
P-592. If each bolt can withstand a shearing force of 8 kN,
determine the pitch if the beam is loaded so as to cause a
maximum shearing stress of 1.4 MPa.
Solution:
(fv)max=VQNA/Ib

Where
(fv)max=1.4 MPa

QNA=200(80)(140)+100(80)(50)

QNA=2640000 mm3

I=200(3603)/12−120(2003)/12

I=697600000 mm4

b=80 mm

Thus,
1.4=[V(2640000)] / [697600000(80)]
V=29595.15 N

Spacing of bolts
R=VQflange e/I

8(1000)=29595.15[200(80)(140)]e/697600000

e=84.18 mm answer
Problem 593:A box beam, built up as shown in Fig. P-593, is
secured by screws spaced 5 in. apart. The beam supports a
concentrated load P at the third point of a simply supported span 12
ft long. Determine the maximum value of P that will not exceed fv =
120 psi in the beam or a shearing force of 300 lb in the screws. What
is the maximum flexural stress in the beam?

Solution 593

ΣMR2=0

12R1=8

R1=[2/3]P

ΣMR1=0

12R2=4P

R2=[1/3]P
Mmax=4(2/3P)=8/3P lb⋅ft

Based on allowable shearing force of beam

fv =VQNA / Ib

Where:
V = 2/3 P
QNA = 6(1)(4.5) + 2 [ 5(1)(2.5) ] = 52 in3
I = 8(103)/12 - 6(83)/12 = 410.67 in4
b = 2 in
fv = 120 psi
Thus,
120=[2/3P(52)] / [410.67(2)]

P=2956.83 lb

Based on allowable shearing force of the screws

For safe value of P, use P = 2737.8 lb. answer

Bending stress:
fb=Mc / I=[(8/3)(2737.8)(12)(5)] /410.67

fb=1066.67 psi

answer

Problem 594:A distributed load of wo lb/ft is applied over a middle

6 ft of a simply supported span 12 ft long. The beam section is that
in Prob. 593, but used here so that the 8-in dimension is vertical.
Determine the maximum value of wo if fb ≤ 1200 psi, fv ≤ 120 psi,
and the screws have a shear strength of 200 lb and a pitch of 2 in.

Solution 594:
Mmax=3(3wo)+[1/2](3)(3wo)

Mmax=13.5wo lb⋅ft
I=[[10(83) ] / 12]−[[8(63)] / 12]

I=848/3 in3

Based on allowable flexure stress:

fb=Mc / I

1200=[13.5wo(12)(4)] / [848/3]

wo=523.46 lb/ft

Based on shear stress of wood:

fv=VQNA / Ib

120= [ 3wo[10(1)(3.5)+3(1)(1.5)(2)] ] / [(848/3)(2)]

wo=513.94 lb/ft
Based on shear strength of screw`s:

Shear force in each screws=200 lb

S.F. in screws =200*2=400 lb

Shear flow , q=[400/2] =200 lb/in

Now,

q=[VQ/I]

Or,200 =[3w0*(10*1*3.5)] / [848/3]

wo=538.41 lb/ft

For safe value of wo, use wo = 513.94 lb/ft. answer

Problem 595:A concentrated load P is carried at mid-span of a

simply supported 12-ft span. The beam is made of 2-in. by 6-in.
pieces screwed together, as shown in Fig. P-595. If the maximum
flexural stress developed is 1400 psi, find the maximum shearing
stress and the pitch of the screws if each screw can resist 200 lb.

Solution 595
For concentrated load P at mid-span of a simply supported beam of span L = 12 ft.
Vmax=(1/2)P

Mmax=(1/4)PL=(1/4)P(12)=3P

From the cross section shown:

I=[8(8^3) / 12] –[4(4^3) / 12]=320 in4

QNA=4(2)(2)+6(2)(3)+2(2)(1)=56 in3

Qscrew=6(2)(3)=36 in3

From bending stress

fb=Mc / I

1400=[3P(12)(4)] / 320

P=3111.11 lb

Maximum shear stress

fv=VQNA / Ib=(1/2)(3111.11)(56) / [320(4)]

fv=68.06 psi
answer
From strength of screws

[ANS]
Problem 581:A laminated beam is composed of five planks, each 6
in. by 2 in., glued together to form a section 6 in. wide by 10 in.
high. The allowable shear stress in the glue is 90 psi, the allowable
shear stress in the wood is 120 psi, and the allowable flexural stress
in the wood is 1200 psi. Determine the maximum uniformly
distributed load that can be carried by the beam on a 6-ft simple
span.
Solution 581 :
Maximum moment for simple beam
Mmax=(1/8)woL^2

Mmax=(1/8)wo(6^2)

Mmax=4.5wo lb⋅ft

Maximum shear for simple beam

Vmax=(1/2)woL

Vmax=(1/2)wo(6)

Vmax=3wo lb

For bending stress of wood

fb=6M / bd^2

120=[6(4.5wo)(12)] / [6(10^3)]

wo=2222.22 lb/ft

For shear stress of wood

(fv)wood=3V / 2bd

120=[3(3wo)] / [2(6)(10)]

wo=1600 lb/ft
For shear stress in the glued joint
(fv)glue=VQ / Ib

Where:
Q=6(4)(2.5)=60 in3

I=bd^3 /12=6(10^3) / 12=500 in^4

b=6 in

Thus,
90=[3wo(60)] / [500(6)]

wo=1250 lb/ft

Use wo = 1250 lb/ft for safe value of uniformly distributed load. Answer

Problem 584:A wide-flange section having the dimensions shown in Fig.

P-584 supports a distributed load of wo lb/ft on a simple span of length L
ft. Determine the ratio of the maximum flexural stress to the maximum
shear stress.
Solution 584

Bending stress:
fb=Mc / I

where:
M=(1/8)woL^2 lb⋅ft

c=12/2=6 in

I=8(12^3) /12 − 7(10^3) / 12

I=17063 in4

Thus,
fb=[(1/8)woL2(12)(6)] / (1706/3)

fb=(27 / 1706) wo L^2

Shear stress:
fv=VQ / Ib

where:
V=(1/2)woL

Q=8(1)(5.5)+5(1)(2.5)=56.5 in3

I=1706 / 3 in4

(see computation above)

b=1 in

Thus,
fv=(.5 woL)(56.5) / [1706 / 3(1)]

fv=[339 / 6824]woL

Ratio (flexural stress : shear stress)

Ratio =[(271 / 706)woL^2] / [(339 / 6824) woL]

Ratio =[36 / 113] L

Ratio =0.3186L

answer