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Outline
Compare the sentences:
Seminar 6 Page 1
Draw the tree diagram of the following sentence: All the students have met George.
DP ‘the students’ does not pied-pipe its host QP when it moves to spec-TP.
1. All the students have met George. Subject movement with pied-piping
[TP All the students have [vP all the students met George.]]
2. The students have all met George. Subject movement without pied-piping
[TP The students have [vP all the students met George.]]
The various positions of floating quantifier all show the original position and intermediate landing sites of the main
subject ‘all the students’.
Fill in the missing nodes in the tree diagram of the following sentence: All the students have promised to meet George.
Fill in the missing nodes in the tree diagram of the following sentence: The students have all promised to meet George.
Fill in the missing nodes in the tree diagram of the following sentence: The students have promised all to meet George.
Fill in the missing nodes in the tree diagram of the following sentence: The students have promised to all meet George.
Fill in the missing nodes in the tree diagram of the following sentence: Both these students should be studying.
Fill in the missing nodes in the tree diagram of the following sentence: These students should both be studying.
Fill in the missing nodes in the tree diagram of the following sentence: These students should be both studying.
Conclusions:
Floating quantifiers show nominal movement across the functional domain of a clause (original merger/ launch site !
intermediate landing sites …! final landing site.
Subject movement is triggered by EPP features of functional phrases (Tense, Mood, Modality, Aspect). The EPP feature
of each clausal category triggers movement to the specifier (last merger) position of that category. When the nominal
that moves is quantified, and one of the Move! operations fails to pied-pipe the hosting quantifier phrase, the linearized
structure will reveal a floating/ stranded quantifier.
Further practice: