THEORY AND PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING

REVIEW QUESTIONAIRE
Part I
Answer the following on the blank space provided before the number. Read
each question carefully.
_____1. Which of the following would probably not be considered an element of a city’s
image?
a. A group of houses c. A freeway
b. A neighborhood bar d. A rice paddies
_____2. Social Contact and interaction in a pavilion would be promoted most by which of
the following design decision?
a. Making the dimensions of the pavilion small enough so the anticipated
number of users would cross into each other’s personal distance,
b. Designing benches around the support columns so people would have a
place to sit and talk
c. Organizing the cooking and servicing area distinct from the dining area and
entrance
d. Providing an informal variety of spaces of different sizes, locations and uses.
_____3. A speculative office building probably would not be built if the developer
discovered that:
a. All of the catchments area was not served by arterial street.
b. The site consisted of mostly sandy soil with a 6-foot top layer of expansive
clay
c. The vacancy rate of office space in the city was three times the national
average
d. The neighborhood community objected to the sight of the parking lots.
_____4. Which of the following causes the foundation problems:
a. Extensive underground rock formations just below the surface
b. A 5-foot water table
c. Expansive clay and organic soil
d. All of the above
_____5. In planning a new building, an architect would have to look at regulations other
than the zoning ordinance to find a requirement for which of the following:
a. The width of the loading berth c. The required size of utility
easement
b. Minimum lot size d. Parking area size
c. Permissible roof covering
_____6. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a. A 1 ½ % slope is suitable for rough parking
b. Landscaped areas near buildings should have a 2% slope
c. A safe sidewalk would slope 2 ½ %.
d. Roads in northern climates can safely have up to 12% grade.
_____7. Which of the following would result to the best site circulation?
a. Planning the service entry drive separated from the automobile entry and
drive
b. Making parking areas oversize to accommodate pedestrian circulation
c. Designing all two-way roads at least 24-feet wide
d. Limiting parking area traffic to a single entrance away from the pedestrian
walks
e. Laying out walks parallel to parking areas.
_____8. A property can best be described with which of the following?
a. Metes and bounds c. Reference to a section and township
b. Location within a subdivision d. All of the above
_____9. If land is limited, which of the following is the best way to plan parking lots?
a. A two-way circulation with 90-degree parking on both sides of the drive
b. 30-degree parking on both sides of a one-way loop system
c. Combining service circulation with parking at a45-degree angle
d. 90-degree parking on one side of a one-way circulation drive.

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/ Lecturer – Ina. Marissa F. Castillo
_____10. The illustration below shows a portion of a recreation area. Which area would be
best for locating a restaurant and visitor’s center?
0 5’ 10’ 15’

lake
25’
b
c
a 30’

30’ 25’ 15’ 25 30’ Lot area is 600’ x 400’

_____11. The owner of the lots shown below wants to develop a building with the
maximum allowable gross area. If the FAR is 2.0 and the owner builds to the
setback lines, how high will the building be?
300 feet
30’ rear setback

200’ 20’ side setback

40’ front setback

a. Two storeys c. Three storeys

b. Four storeys d. Five storeys
_____12. If the contour interval is 2.0 meters elevation and the contour distance is
uniformly at 5.0 meters, what is the slope of the topography?
a. 27 percent c. 53 percent
b. 40 percent d. 67 percent

Matching type:
_____13. Settlements during the pyramid time a. Agora
_____14. Greek architect and planner b. Hanging garden
_____15. Greek concept of market place c. Fortifications
_____16. Earliest city of Babylon empire d. Gridiron
_____17. The eternal city that introduced urban planning e. Necropolis
_____18. Also called the street grid f. Automobiles
_____19. Made possible the introduction suburbs g. Hippocampus
_____20. Protects Roman cities to canons h. Housing
_____21. Industrial period introduced the lack of this i. Rome
urban component
_____22. Center of most Roman cities j. Forum (political)

Multiple Choice
_____23. Which of the following is a long-term plan that is required of the entire local
government unit in the Philippines?
a. Urban plan c. Social plan
b. Comprehensive development plan d. Site plan
_____24. Which of the following best describe the theory of the relationship of Downtown
Davao and Calinan Poblacion?
a. Concentric zone c. Sector
b. Multiple-nuclei theory d. Central place theory
_____25. What is the land classification or land use of the Puan Area based on the
approved Zoning Ordinance of Davao City?
a. Residential c. Protected-water resource
b. Commercial d. Industrial
_____26. Which of the following best describe the setback from a water line?

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/ Lecturer – Ina. Marissa F. Castillo
 a. Setback c. Easement
b. Right-of-way d. Crossing
_____27. Which of the following best describe the existing condition of San Pedro Street?
a. High density residential area c. Institutional area
b. Central Business District d. Urban decay
_____28. Which of the following best describes the criss-crossing of overhead highways,
which sometimes presents a cloverleaf form?
a. Overpass c. Flyover
b. Skyway d. Sidewalk
_____29. Which of the following is a best circulation design alternative for a site plan?
a. Wide vehicular roads c. Parking on the front of the site
b. Provision of a porte-cochere d. Separate pedestrian and vehicular circulation
systems
_____30. When designing a low-cost housing project, which of the following laws would be
appropriate as basis for design?
a. PD 957 c. RA 7279 or UDHA
b. International Law on human settlements d. BP 220
_____31. Which of the above will be needed in the design of an elite housing project (high-
end housing)?
_____32. One the following is the approving government unit for subdivision project
development permit. Which would that be?
a. HLURB c. HIGC
b. Local Government Unit (LGU) d. NHA
_____33. The aquifer of Davao City is found in the:
a. Agdao District c. Buhangin, Davao City
b. Dumoy-Puan Area d. Downtown
_____34. The Central Business District of Davao City is the:
a. Bunawan District c. Toril District
b. Downtown Area d. Calinan District
_____35. The Visual Barrier on the junction of the Buhangin and JPLaurel Avenue is the:
a. Marco Polo Hotel c. Old Cuison Hotel
b. Flyover d. Dacudao Avenue
_____36. The ratio of height to width and may be studied in drawings or models is:
a. Sequence c. Continuity
b. Balance d. Proportion
_____37. This is used to rank sizes or colors through a sequence of spaces that
progressively change in size until one comes to a dominant or central space.
This is the:
a. Hierarchy c. Continuity
b. Balance d. Proportion
_____38. This gives depth by overlaps or penetration of vision. It can occur in paving
patterns when elements overlap and color changes occur at the overlaps.
a. Dominance c. Transparency
b. Balance d. Proportion
_____39. The sequential relationship that any event has to any other, past present or
future. Continuity can be achieved over a period of time and preserving old
structures and adding new additions provides continuity with the past.
a. Similarity c. Direction
b. Image d. Time
_____40. Management of considerable system for both the pedestrian and vehicles.
People and cars must be moved on and off the site and around the site for
various purposes: entry, access roads, pedestrian routes, and vehicular system
routes. This is called:
a. Parking b. Physical Site Condition c. Building Siting d.
Traffic
_____41. This consists of the water supply, sewers, electrical power, gas, telephone lines,
mail and courier services, trash collection and firefighting. This is the:
a. Services c. Traffic
b. Parking d. Traffic
_____42. The art and science of arranging the uses of portions of land is site planning.
Site planners designate these uses in detail by selecting and analyzing sites,

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/ Lecturer – Ina. Marissa F. Castillo
 forming land use plans, organizing vehicular and pedestrian circulation,
developing visual forms and material concepts, readjusting existing landforms by
design grading, providing proper drainage, and finally developing the
construction details necessary to carry out the project.
a. Landscape c. Architecture
b. Engineering d. Site Planning

Part II CHOOSE THE BEST PROFESSIONAL TO DO THE INDICATED

STUDY AREA:
_____44. Social Impact Study
a. Economist b. CPA c. Sociologist.
_____45. Econometric Model on Economic Impact
a. CPA b. Management Specialist c. Economist
_____46. Fiscal Impact Analysis
a. Financial Specialist b. Economist c. Engineer
_____47. Preservation of Historic & Cultural Resources
a. Sociologist b. Historical Preservation Specialist c. Architect
_____48. Quality of life
a. Sociologist b. Social Scientist c. Chemist
_____49. Traffic Impact Analysis
a. Traffic Engineer b. Transportation Specialist c. Environmental
Planner
_____50. Air Quality Impact Study
a. Air Specialist b. Geologist c. Environmental Scientist
_____51. Water Quality Impact Analysis
a. Environmental Scientist b. Water Specialist c.Chemist
_____52. Impact to Ecology Study
a. Ecology Specialist b. Environmental Scientist c. Ecologist
_____53. Land Use Plan
a. Engineer b. Architect c. Environmental Planner

Par III CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER TO THE QUESTIONS

BELOW.
_____54. __________ are the most common context of formal planning?
a. Radical Groups c. Community
b. Governments d. Non-Government Agencies
_____55. It is an organization linked by geography, i.e., neighbors, or idealism or goals.
a. Government c. Community
b. Advocacy Groups d. Non-Government Agencies
_____56. It is a Special kind of organization usually a part of the government,
characterized by task differentiation (specialized job), a hierarchical structure (a
formal chain of command), expectation that decisions will be made according to
rational criteria; and recruitment and promotion based on achievement rather
than ascription, on competence and skill rather than kinship.
a. Corporation
b. Community
c. Bureaucracy
d. Individual

_____57. It is a more permanent whose members share the goal or at least pretend to do
so as long as the benefits of membership commands their loyalty. Benefits may
be material: money in form of salaries, commissions or others: psychological
benefits: status and prestige, friendship or identification with norms of ideology.
a. Government
b. Community
c. Organization
d. Local Government

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/ Lecturer – Ina. Marissa F. Castillo
_____58. This means the representation of special interest groups, which may range from
neighborhood residents to poor people organizations: churches, consumer
agencies or corporations presenting their views on the development
implementation of the Local Government Unit
a. Advocate role
b. Political role
c. Technocrat role
d. Citizen Role
_____59. Planners often must actively develop support for plan implementation. He or she
may assume the role of a mobilizer, making allies of government agencies or
appealing to the public at large, directly or through media. Since these actions
can put the planner at odds with elected officials who are against the policies he
or she advocates, the planner is assuming this role. What is this role?
a. Advocate role
b. Political Role
c. Technocrat role
d. Parent Role
_____60. The traditional role of the planner in governmental contexts, he is the technical
expert at the service of elected officials. The role can be effective when political
leaders delegate authority to the planners.
a. Advocate role
b. Political Role
c. Technocrat role
_____61. Based on the premise of people’s behavior and interactions will eventually
produce socially optimal outcomes with a minimum regulation (laissez-faire), this
version of planning have been proposed. What is it?
a. Radical planning
b. Social planning
c. Non-planning
_____62. WHAT PLANNING EVOLVED in 1960s when comprehensive planning concepts
were brought into the arena of social and human services? It allows for the
consideration of the wants of the populace.
a. Radical planning
b. Social planning
c. Non-planning
_____63. What is this planning model which evolved from the physical-planning model that
prevailed in the 1920s and 1930s recognizing the complexity of factors affecting
and affected by what were previously perceived as purely physical or land use
decisions.
a. Advocacy planning
b. Social planning
c. Comprehensive planning

Part IV TRUE OR FALSE

_____64. THEORY is a way of understanding the world, a framework for our
interpretations of facts and experience. A framework by which bricks can be built
into a coherent structure. At the same time as it explains facts, theory needs to
be applied.
_____65. Planning is the deliberate social or organizational activity of developing an
optimal strategy for achieving a desired set of goals. Such planning aims to
apply the methods of rational choice to determining a best set of future actions
and addressed to novel problems in complex contexts; it is attended by the
power and intention to commit resources and to act as necessary to implement
the chosen strategy.

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/ Lecturer – Ina. Marissa F. Castillo
_____66. Problem Diagnosis is the diagnosis of the problem depends on an image of the
desired state, which acts as the point of reference.
_____67. Implementation is the act of putting a proposal into action. It is essential to note
that this process differs from other problem-solving processes
_____68. Egyptian city of Kahun, which was built primarily to house the workers and
artisans engaged in building the great Illahun pyramid.
_____69. Hippodamus (5th Century BC), trained as an architect was considered as the first
city planner
_____70. The agora concept, developed by Hippodamus, consisted of a marketplace
along rectangular lines. The agora was the business center of a city and near the
phyx, the political assembly area of the people.
_____71. Roman Cities grew in power when the Greek cities collapsed. Romans believed
in bigness and accepted all strangers as long as they’re loyal. Population of
Rome greatly increased to 2,000,000 permanent residents.
_____72. The location of successful cities in all pre-industrial cultures was determined by
similar factors: access to transportation routes, a defensible site, and proximity
to a good water supply and agricultural land.
_____73. A system of laying out cities with straight streets at right angles to one another
often called a gridiron plan or a street grid, evolved in such diverse cultures as
ancient Greece, China, and pre-Columbian Mexico.
_____74. Renaissance fortification--surpassing in elaboration anything suggested by
Vitruvius--was a response to the invention of cannon capable of knocking down
the kinds of vertical walls used to protect Roman and medieval cities. When built
around the more or less circular perimeter of a fortified city, these new bastions
produced a star-shaped pattern. A radial street plan, or a foursquare grid, plus
the star-shaped fortifications, was often the diagram of an ideal city seen in
Renaissance editions of Vitruvius and architectural textbooks written in
emulation of Vitruvius.
_____75. It was in city squares or plazas that Renaissance planner-designers could most
completely attain the ideal of a public space that was also a fully realized
architectural composition. The cloisters of a cathedral and the courtyards of
palaces provided precedents for spaces enclosed by buildings, often with an
open arcade at the ground floor.
_____76. Combining the advantages of town and country was elevated to a principle by
Ebenezer Howard, who published in 1898 an influential book, tomorrow, a
Peaceful Path to Real Reform (later republished as Garden Cities of Tomorrow).
Drawing on the examples of model company towns and garden suburbs,
Howard advocated replacing the congested and smoke-filled 19th-century
metropolis with clusters of self-sufficient garden cities, separated by greenbelts
of open countryside. A practical visionary, Howard succeeded in having two
prototype garden cities constructed just beyond the outskirts of London:
Letchworth and Welwyn.
_____77. The Royal Institute of British Architects sponsored an international conference
on town planning in 1910, and at that conference a worldwide consensus
seemed to be emerging about city planning and design.
_____78. The French-Swiss visionary architect Le Corbusier despised the congested cities
of the early 1920s with their street facades that evoked the architecture of earlier
historic periods

_____79. The curricula of schools of planning were revised to include economics, other
social sciences, and articulated decision-making structures. Planning for land-
use, schools, recreation, traffic, and transit were treated as questions of
statistical probability rather than as sets of issues that could be resolved through
design. Professional planners developed practices in historic preservation,
community advocacy, and environmental protection.
_____80. The modern practice of urban design began in the 1960s as a reaction against
CIAM planning concepts and the dominance of urban planning by engineering
considerations. Urban designers reshaped government regulations and public

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/ Lecturer – Ina. Marissa F. Castillo
 investment to relate new buildings to existing development, reestablish the
importance of streets, shape public open space, and make neighborhood
planning a priority.
_____81. The problem in most developing countries is the provision of lower percentile of
income distribution with employment and income opportunities with essential
services (food, shelter, water, sanitation).
_____82. Migration is an element of population change, and urbanization occurs initially
through migration: urbanization in turn provides a further basis for population
change.
_____83. A land use plan is an expression of a community’s intent as to what its future
pattern of land uses should be. It is the centerpiece of the entire comprehensive
plan. It identifies areas that are devoted to various types, densities, and
intensities of use categories –residential, commercial, industrial, etc
_____84. Urban is a concentration of people with a distinctive way of life in
terms of employment patterns and lifestyle, with a high degree of
specialized land use and wide variety of social, economic and
political institutions that coordinate the use of facilities and
resources.
_____85. HARD AREA may be a public park near the central business district
of a large city. Given the shortage of open space, it is extremely
unlikely that any development will be allowed to take place in that
area.
_____86. Functional Analysis examines the relationship of activities among
the various land uses and how they relate to circulation systems
_____87. Housing is an essential factor in determining the quality of lives, the stability of
communities, and the health of national economies.
_____88. In the postwar era massive highway-building programs that made possible
explosive suburban growth accelerated the decentralization of U.S. cities
_____89. . Worldwide depression during the 1930s and the destruction of existing homes
during World War II resulted in severe housing shortages in Europe (where more
than one-fifth of the prewar housing stock was destroyed or rendered
uninhabitable), the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), and Japan.
_____90. In Japan, although the solution to many housing problems is left to private
industry, the government has intervened in order to eliminate certain barriers to
housing production. For example, the public sector now finances and assembles
more than 30% of all development sites, since the scarcity of land presents
formidable obstacles to private developers.
_____91. The art and science of arranging the uses of portions of land is site planning.
Site planners designate these uses in detail by selecting and analyzing sites,
forming land use plans, organizing vehicular and pedestrian circulation,
developing visual forms and material concepts, readjusting existing landforms by
design grading, providing proper drainage, and finally developing the
construction details necessary to carry out the project.

_____92. Site Design entails the whole range of concerns relating to the development, or
redevelopment, of a piece of ground for some planned purposes. Common
purpose is the construction of a building on the ground of a site; thus,
building/site relations and interactions to direct physical connections and sharing
of the site space are experienced or perceived.
_____93. Site drainage, as it affects both the site and the building, will be strongly
defined. It is best to direct surface drainage away from the building edges,
especially when there are basement spaces. Controlled drainage on a tight
site or one with problem site edges may present a different situation, and

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/ Lecturer – Ina. Marissa F. Castillo
 building edges may actually be used as a site drainage collection points
that feed into a sewer system.
_____94. The access path typically begins with the concern for access on to the site,
which is usually constrained by adjacent properties or streets for 2 forms
of traffic – pedestrian and vehicular. Access also considers the provision
of accessibility for persons with limited abilities
_____95. Lighting. Electrically powered outdoor lighting may serve various purposes.
Sometimes several different purposes can be fulfilled with the use of a single
fixture. It is important to understand the different kinds of illumination needs in
order to accurately judge the value and appropriateness of the many different
lighting systems.
_____96. Light intensity decreases rapidly as distance from the source increases; thus, the
higher the fixture, the less illumination will deliver at ground level. However, the
higher the source, the wider the areas it will affect.
_____97. Widely spaced fixtures will result in local bright spots with a falloff of illumination
between them; closely spaced fixtures can produce a relatively uniform
illumination.
_____98. Controlling sound on site is somewhat limited, compared to situations inside the
building. Although not much can be done to modify or control this situation, site
development offers some possible solutions for sound control.
_____99. Communication functions are an aspect of site development. All entrances and
exits should have signages for proper communications. It is a good design
exercise to walk through a proposed site to see how much communication is
achieved without recourse to signs. If this form of communication is optimal, the
signs will work all the better, and will not fight with the visual signals on the site.
_____100. Vertical locations of both the edges and buildings will also establish some
conditions for other site elements-most notably sidewalks, driveways, terraces,
breezeways or other elements involving traffic of people or vehicles.

Good Luck !
May God be with you
always

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/ Lecturer – Ina. Marissa F. Castillo