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Normal Abnormal
cell cell
growth growth
3 4 5
Tumors evolve by
repeated rounds of
Development of Cancer mutation, proliferation,
and natural selection
mutation
a permanent transmissible change in the
genetic material.
epigenetic
altering the activity of genes without changing
their structure.
6 9 10
Metastasis
PROGRESSION OF CANCER Terminologies
Invasive cancer
Hyperplasia – increased number of cells
In situ cancer
Mutation Dysplasia
Hypertrophy – increased size of cells
Hyperplasia
Dysplasia – disorderly proliferation Blood or
lymphatic
vessel
Neoplasia – abnormal new growth
Anaplasia – lack of differentiation
Metastasis – spread and growth at a
distant site
11 12 13
Stages of Cancer
pass through
the basement lump in the
membrane lymph node
• A polyp 15 16 17