FLIGHT VEHICLE DESIGN 10AE81

UNIT - 1

Problem of Unit-1

1 Typical Military Bomber of L/D =16,Warm up and take-off fuel fraction is 0.97
Climb fuel fraction is 0.985, Cruise R =1500nm = 2778 Km, C=0.5/hr, V=0.6M (same for both
the cruise condition),1st Loiter E = 3hrs,C=0.4/hr,2nd Loiter E=1/3 hrs. Landing Fuel fraction is
0.995.
Estimate Take off to Lading Fuel Fraction , Wf /W0, and if We/W0=0.93 W0-.07 Guess the value of
W0.

FLIGHT PLAN
Solution:

𝑾𝟏
1. Warm Up and Take Off : =0.97
𝑾𝟎
𝑾𝟐
2. Climb : =0.985
𝑾𝟏

3. Cruise 1 : R =1500 nm
R = 1500 X 1.852 = 2778Km.
V = 0.6 M = 0.6 X 340 = 204 m/s
C = 0.5 1/hr =0.0001389 1/s
L
=16*0.866=13.9
D
 L 
1
 R C   
W3   D  
e  e0.13617  0.87269
W2
4. Loiter 1 : E = 3hrs = 10800s
C = 0.4 1/hr = 0.0001111 1/s
 L 
1
 E C   
W4   D  
e  0.9277
W3

Charles G Martin M.Tech (PhD)-Aerospace Structures Page No:

Department of Aeronautical Engineering- DSCE
FLIGHT VEHICLE DESIGN 10AE81
UNIT - 1

5. Cruise 2 : ( Same as Cruise1)

W5
= 0.852
W4

6. Loiter 2: E = 20 mins = 20*60 = 1200 sec.

 L 
1
 E C   
W6   D  
e = e-.0083 =0.9917
W5
W7
7. Landing :  0.995
W6

8. Mission Fuel Fraction Ratio for total to landing is given by :

W7
  0.97  0.985  0.87268  0.9277  0.87268  0.9917  0.995   0.66617
W0

9. Total Fuel Fraction including (Locked Up fuel) reserve fuel is given by :

Wf  W 
 1.06 1  7   0.35385
W0  W0 

10. Empty-Weight fraction Estimation:

We
 AW0C K vs  (0.93)W00.07 1  0.93W00.07
W0

For a Military Aircraft its given A = 0.93 and C = - 0.07

For a fixed swept back wing value of Kvs=1

11. Final Take of Weight can be estimated by following formula.

Emax 10800 10800

W0    0.07
1  0.35385  e 0.64615  0.93W0
W f We W
1 
W0 W0 W0

10800
W0 
0.64615  0.93W0 0.07

Charles G Martin M.Tech (PhD)-Aerospace Structures Page No:

Department of Aeronautical Engineering- DSCE
FLIGHT VEHICLE DESIGN 10AE81
UNIT - 1

Now for the expression give the value for LHS and RHS to get the approximate results.
W0(Guess) W0(Calculated)
49000 51560.16
50000 51408.7
51000 51261.31
51100 51246.79
51150 51239.54
51200 51232.3
51210 51230.85
51215 51230.13
51220 51229.41
51225 51228.69
51226 51228.54
51227 51228.4
51228 51228.25

Take-off Weight of Aircraft = 51228 N

Charles G Martin M.Tech (PhD)-Aerospace Structures Page No:

Department of Aeronautical Engineering- DSCE