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SESSION: 2018-19
CHEMISTRY PROJECT
ON
POLYMERS
PGT(CHEMISTRY) XII-A
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special
thanks of gratitude to my teacher
MR.A.K.SINGH as well as our
principal MR.VIJESH KUMAR who
gave me the golden opportunity to
do this wonderful project on the
topic POLYMERS, which also helped
me in doing a lot of Research and i
came to know about so many new
things I am really thankful to
them.
Secondly i would also like to
thank my parents and friends who
helped me a lot in finalizing this
project within the limited time
frame.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that SARTHAK
SRIVASTAVA class XII-A of KV
of
MORADABAD, has completed his project
file under my supervision. He has
taken proper care and shown utmost
security in completion of this project.
I certify that this project is upto my
expectation and as per the guidelines
issued by CBSE.
MR.A.K.SINGH
PGT (CHEMISTRY)
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS
• Polymers are made up of large no of
macromolecules.
• The single unit of a polymeric chain is
called a monomer.
• This process of formation of polymers
from respective monomers is called
polymerisation.
• natural polymers:- These polymers
are found in plants and animals.
Examples are proteins, cellulose,
starch, resins and rubber.
• Semi-synthetic polymers Cellulose
derivatives as cellulose acetate
(rayon) and cellulose nitrate, etc.
are the usual examples of this sub
category.
Synthetic polymers :- A variety of
synthetic polymers as plastic
(polythene), synthetic fibres (nylon
6,6) and synthetic rubbers (Buna – S)
are examples of man-made polymers
extensively used in daily life as well
as in industry. There are three
different types based on the
structure of the polymers.
Structural polymers:-
Linear polymers on Structure
These polymers consist of long and
straight chains. The examples of
Polymers are high density polythene,
polyvinyl chloride, etc. These are
represented as: 2. Branched chain
polymers.
These polymers contain linear chains
having some branches, e.g., low
density polythene. These are depicted
as follows:
• Condensation polymers:-
•Preparation of nylons :-
coPolymerisation • coPolymerisation is a
polymerisation reaction in which a
mixture of more than one monomeric
species is allowed to polymerise and form
a copolymer. The copolymer can be made
not only by chain growth polymerisation
but by step growth polymerisation also.
It contains multiple units of each monomer
used in the same polymeric chain. For
example, a mixture of 1, 3 – butadiene and
styrene can form a copolymer.
BOOKS:-NCERT
WEBSITES:-
www.google.com
www.wikipedia .com