Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources

Civil Rights Movement​. ​Encyclopædia Britannica​,

www.britannica.com/topic/Police-Brutality-in-the-United-States-2064580/media/206458

0/97520. Accessed 10 Jan. 2019. This is an image that shows how African Americans

were treated for having a peaceful protest. This is useful for my project because it shows

me how African Americans were treated. This shows the police brutality and how the

police treated African Americans.

Civil Rights Movement: March on Washington​. 28 Aug. 1963. ​Encyclopædia Britannica​, 28

Aug. 1963, www.britannica.com/event/March-on-Washington/media/636444/117711.

Accessed 6 Jan. 2019. This is an image from the March on Washington protest for equal

rights. This helps me because it shows the determination to get these rights. This shows

what they want and how they were going to get it.

I Have a Dream' Speech​. 28 Aug. 1963. ​HISTORY,​ A&E Television Networks, 30 Nov. 2017,

www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/i-have-a-dream-speech. Accessed 6 Jan.

2019. This is an image of Martin Luther King Jr. This is useful to my project to show one

of the main activists in the civil rights movement. This shows one of the leaders of the

Civil Rights movement and that he affected it so greatly.

Jordan, Vernon E., Jr. "Living with Jim Crow." ​Newsweek​, vol. 153, nos. 4-A, 27 Jan. 2009.

Discus Academic Search Primer​,

web.a.ebscohost.com.scsl.idm.oclc.org/ehost/detail/detail?vid=24&sid=12b50455-a8dd-4

94c-a31a-6aeee4f8e77a%40sdc-v-sessmgr01&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d
 %3d#AN=36335662&db=aph. Accessed 11 Nov. 2018. This is a magazine article. THis

helps me understand how living with Jim Crow laws and how hard it was. This also

shows how they were being treated.

King, Martin Luther, Jr. "I Have a Dream." Lincoln Memorial, 28 Aug. 1963, Washington, D.C.

Speech. This is a speech by Martin Luther King Jr. This speech shows how Martin Luther

King Jr. was a advocate for African Americans. This shows what they wanted and they

didn't go about it violently.

Klaus, Douglas. "President Signs Bill on Negro Vote Rights." ​New York Herald Tribune​,

European ed., 7 Aug. 1965. ​New York Times​,

iht-retrospective.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/08/06/1965-voting-rights-act-passed/.

Accessed 12 Jan. 2019. This is a newspaper about the new passing of the Voting Rights

Act of 1965. This helps me understand what the general public thought about this new

act. This newspaper gave this information to the people.

Marchers with Signs at the March on Washington​. 1963. ​Social Welfare​, Virginia

Commonwealth University,

socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/uncategorized/voting-rights-act-of-1965/. Accessed 16

Nov. 2018. This is an image of a protest for equal rights. This shows me what African

Americans needed and how they approached getting it. This shows that they wanted

voting rights.

NO DOGS, NEGROS, MEXICANS,​ ​Library of Congress​,

www.loc.gov/exhibits/civil-rights-act/segregation-era.html#obj024. Accessed 11 Nov.

2018. This image helped me understand how African Americans were treated in the
 South by not being allowed into many establishments. This also showed me how the

South thought of African Americans. This shows how they looked at African Americans

they put them on the same level as as dog.

Palmer, Kate Salley. ​Voting Rights Bill​. 1982. ​South Carolina Digital Library,​ 1982,

digital.tcl.sc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/sk12/id/531. Accessed 20 Nov. 2018. This is a

political cartoon. This shows me what the NAACP wanted voting rights from the

Senate and the SCLC doesn't. This shows what African Americans wanted.

Peaceful protesters were attacked by police and dogs while being televised nationally and

internationally. ​African American Civil Rights Movement​,

www.african-american-civil-rights.org/birmingham-campaign/. Accessed 6 Jan. 2019.

This is a photograph of one of the peaceful protest. This shows me the police brutality

and how it was nationally televised. This shocked America with the violence..

President Lyndon Johnson Signed the Voting Rights Act into law on Aug. 6, 1965. 6 Aug. 1965.

Vanderbilt University​, 19 Dec. 2014,

news.vanderbilt.edu/2014/12/19/belafonte-beschloss-gordon-reed-cls/. Accessed 11 Jan.

2019. This is a photograph of President Lyndon Johnson signing the Voting rights act of

1965. This helps me understand how big the influence of Martin Luther King Jr. was.

This right gave African Americans the right to vote.

Ralph D. Abernathy​. ​Biography​, www.biography.com/people/ralph-d-abernathy-9174397.

Accessed 6 Jan. 2019. This is a picture of Ralph D. Abernathy. This shows me one of the

major activists of the Civil Rights movements. He was a civil rights activist that helped

gain African Americans rights.

Rosa Parks sitting on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, 1956. ​Encyclopædia Britannica,​ 1965,

www.britannica.com/biography/Rosa-Parks/images-videos/media/444180/13378.

Accessed 6 Jan. 2019. This is a photograph of Rosa Parks. This shows her sitting on a

bus this started one of the biggest protest in the Civil RIghts movement. She started the

bus boycott from not moving out of her seat.

Supreme Court. ​Plessy V. Ferguson Judgment.​ 18 May 1896. ​Encyclopædia Britannica​, 20 Aug.

2018, www.britannica.com/event/Jim-Crow-law/media/303897/197665. Accessed 11

Nov. 2018. This is an image of the Plessy V. Ferguson document. This shows me how

the court system didn't care about their rights. This shows that they wanted to be separate.

Voting Rights Act of 1965​. ​Our Documents,​

www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=100#. Accessed 22 Jan. 2019. This is

a image of the First page of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This shows me what was on

the act. This helps me understand what the act did.

Women and men standing hand in hand in front of the Lincoln Memorial. ​Getty Publications​,

www.getty.edu/publications/day.html. Accessed 10 Jan. 2019. This is a photograph of a

protest of African Americans standing hand in hand in front of the Lincoln Memorial.

This shows me how determined they were to get their rights. This picture shows that they

wanted their rights and they did not do this violently.

Secondary Sources

Austin, Curtis J. "On Violence and Nonviolence: The Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi."

Mississippi History Now​, Feb. 2002,

 www.mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/articles/62/the-civil-rights-movement-in-mississippi-o

n-violence-and-nonviolence. Accessed 10 Jan. 2019. This is a website article. This shows

me the different philosophies of the Civil Rights Movement. This also shows me that

African Americans wanted to be non violent but if they had to they would

Biography.com Editors. "Ralph D. Abernathy Biography." ​Biography,​ A&E Television

Networks, 2 Apr. 2014, www.biography.com/people/ralph-d-abernathy-9174397.

Accessed 6 Jan. 2019. This is a biography of Ralph D. Abernathy. This shows me the life

of Ralph D. Abernathy. This shows me what Abernathy did to help the Civil Rights

Movement.

Bond-Nelms, Cheryl. "Boycotts, Movements and Marches." ​AARP,​

www.aarp.org/politics-society/history/info-2018/civil-rights-events-fd.html. Accessed 6

Jan. 2019. This is a web page about important events of the civil rights movement. This

shows me the important dates of the civil rights movement. This also shows me what

happened before the voting rights act.

Carson, Clayborne. "American Civil Rights Movement." ​Encyclopædia Britannica​, 10 Dec.

2018, www.britannica.com/event/American-civil-rights-movement. Accessed 6 Jan.

2019. This is a web page about the civil rights movement. This helps me understand a

general understanding of the civil rights movement. This shows me what happened

before the voting rights act of 1965.

"Civil Rights Movement." ​History,​ A&E Television Networks, 27 Oct. 2009,

www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-movement. Accessed 6 Jan. 2019.

This is a web page about the civil rights movement. This helps me understand what
 happened during the civil rights movement. This shows what happened before the civil

rights act too.

CNN Library. "March on Washington Fast Facts." ​CNN​, 30 Aug. 2018,

www.cnn.com/2013/06/05/us/march-on-washington-fast-facts/index.html. This is a web

page about the March on Washington. This shows me what happened during this protest

and why it mattered. This showed how it helped get the voting rights act ratified.

Cobb, James C. "The Voting Rights Act at 50: How It Changed the World." ​Time,​ 6 Aug. 2015,

time.com/3985479/voting-rights-act-1965-results/. Accessed 10 Jan. 2019. This is a web

page about the voting act of 1965. This helps me understand more about the voting rights

act of 1965. This shows how to voting rights act came to be.

Herliny, Ed, narrator. ​Selma to Montgomery March​. 1965. ​History​,

www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedom-march-video. Accessed 11 Nov. 2018.

This is a video about the march from Selma to Montgomery. This video helps me

understand what happened at the march. This shows what they were trying to accomplish

by doing this.

History.com Editors. "Selma to Montgomery March." ​HISTORY,​ A&E Television Networks, 10

Jan. 2010, www.history.com/topics/black-history/selma-montgomery-march. Accessed 8

Jan. 2019. This is a website about the Selma to Montgomery march. This shows me what

happened and why it matters. This shows me what they wanted to accomplish by

doing this march.

---. "Voting Rights Act of 1965." ​HISTORY,​ A&E Television Networks, 9 Nov. 2009,

www.history.com/topics/black-history/voting-rights-act. Accessed 17 Jan. 2019. This is a

 web page about the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This showed me the significance of it and

a brief summary of what made it happen. This shows me what happened to make the

voting rights act happen.

"The Impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965." ​Vox,​ 6 Aug. 2015,

www.vox.com/2015/8/6/9107183/voting-rights-map-chart. Accessed 12 Jan. 2019. This

is a graph that shows the outcome of the new registration before and after the passing of

the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This shows me the Significance of how much it impacted

the southern states. This shows me that this was a successful act.

Library of Congress. "Nonviolent Philosophy and Self Defense." ​Library of Congress,​

www.loc.gov/collections/civil-rights-history-project/articles-and-essays/nonviolent-philo

sophy-and-self-defense/. Accessed 10 Jan. 2019. This is a web page about what African

Americans had to deal with on a day to day basis. This showed me the different views of

people during this time. This shows me what African Americans had to deal with and

what they had to do to live.

"March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom." ​Stanford University​,

kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/march-washington-jobs-and-freedom. Accessed

10 Jan. 2019. This is a web page about the March on Washington for Jobs. This gave me

an in depth explanation of what happened and why did it matter. This showed me what

they wanted to accomplish through this march.

Martin Luther King Jr. – Biography. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2019. Sun. 6 Jan 2019.

This is a web page about Martin Luther King Jr. This gave me a in depth view of him
 and his significance to the civil rights movement. This shows me what he did to

accomplish this.

Momodu, Sammel. "The Birmingham Campaign (1963)." ​BlackPast,​

blackpast.org/aah/birmingham-campaign-1963. Accessed 15 Jan. 2019. This is a web

page about the Birmingham Campaign. This showed me what happened during this and

why does it matter.

"Rosa Louise Parks Biography." ​Rosaparks,​ www.rosaparks.org/biography/. Accessed 6 Jan.

2019. This is a web page about the life of Rosa Parks. This showed me what Parks did

and what she started. This bus boycott helped further equal rights.

Ross, David F. "Public Employment and the New Segregation in the South." ​Growth and

Change,​ 1 Jan. 1971, pp. 30-33. This is a magazine about employment of African

Americans in the south. This showed me how hard it was to get a job and be a normal

person there. This shows me what it was like to get a job in the south.

Schmidt, Markus. "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 - How America Did Overcome." ​Richmond

Times-Dispatch,​ 1 Aug. 2015,

www.richmond.com/news/virginia/government-politics/the-voting-rights-act-of---how-a

merica-did/article_7d47ec7d-bf98-5014-8e25-5c72b2617a39.html. Accessed 18 Jan.

2019. This is a web page about the significance of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This

showed me how it affected AMerica beyond just allowing African Americans to vote.

This showed me that it has long and short term significances.

Truman, C. N. "The 1965 Voting Rights Act." ​The History Learning Site​, 27 Mar. 2015,

www.historylearningsite.co.uk/the-civil-rights-movement-in-america-1945-to-1968/the-1
 965-voting-rights-act/. Accessed 18 Jan. 2019. This is a web page about the Voting

RIghts Act of 1965. This showed me the long term effects and short term effects of this

act. This showed how it affected america and African AMericans.

Urofsky, Melvin I. "Jim Crow Laws." ​Encyclopedia Britannica​, edited by Encyclopedia

Britannica, 2018 ed., 20 Aug. 2018, www.britannica.com/event/Jim-Crow-law. Accessed

11 Nov. 2018. This is a web page about jim crow laws. This showed me what it was like

to live in the South with these laws and how African Americans were treated. This also

shows me what the south was like before the civil rights act.

"The Voting Rights Act." ​Constitutional Rights Foundation,​

www.crf-usa.org/black-history-month/the-voting-rights-act. Accessed 17 Jan. 2019. This

is a web page about the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This shows me what happened when

this act was signed and some of the effects. This also shows me the long and short term

effects of the voting rights act.